CN104089364B - A kind of defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner on-line checking and control method - Google Patents
A kind of defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner on-line checking and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104089364B CN104089364B CN201410267445.6A CN201410267445A CN104089364B CN 104089364 B CN104089364 B CN 104089364B CN 201410267445 A CN201410267445 A CN 201410267445A CN 104089364 B CN104089364 B CN 104089364B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosting on-line checking and control system, including processor, and the temperature sensor being connected with processor respectively, camera, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two, wherein temperature sensor is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface of the car external heat exchanger of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, camera is arranged on the heat exchanger fin lowest part of car external heat exchanger inlet side, Temperature Humidity Sensor one is arranged on the air-inlet grille medium position of car external heat exchanger, air velocity transducer and Temperature Humidity Sensor two are arranged on the air outlet fan rear of car external heat exchanger.System and method of the invention, can accurately judge that heating condition is got off the frosting situation and defrosting situation of external heat exchanger, be prevented effectively from occur frostless defrosting, have frost do not remove and defrost it is unnet and cleared after the defrosting problem by mistake such as do not stop, the defrosting loss of heat pump type air conditioning system is reduced, the heating performance of heat pump type air conditioning system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air source heat pump applied technical field, more particularly to a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosting exists
Line measurement and control system and method.
Background technology
When air source heat pump air-conditioner winter is heated, outdoor heat exchanger is easy to frosting, when frost layer product to certain altitude
Shi Bixu is defrosted, and the mode of defrosting determines the efficiency of defrosting, and the control strategy of the detection of frost thickness and defrosting is then
Determine the heating efficiency of whole machine unit.Current domestic and foreign scholars are detected for frost thickness and defrosting control strategy has done largely
Theory and experimental study, main method is as follows：
1) timing control preparation method：The method that early stage uses.When defrosting time is set, worst environment bar is often considered
Part, therefore, necessarily lead to unnecessary defrosting action.
2) time-temperature method：This is a kind of method for generally using at present.Installation of this method to temperature sensor
Position is more sensitive.Common medium position is installed, and it is inaccurate to easily cause the judgement that frosting terminates, and defrosts unnet.
3) air pressure difference defrosting control methods：Due to evaporator surface frosting, evaporator both sides air pressure difference increase, by inspection
The air pressure difference for surveying evaporator both sides determines the need for defrosting.This method can be realized defrosting on demand, but in evaporator surface
Maloperation occurs when having foreign matter or serious dust stratification.
4) indoor and outdoor dual sensor defrosting：Outdoor dual sensor defrosting.This scheme is in early 1990s
It is widely used in the Split type air conditioner of the companies such as phase PANASONIC, Toshiba, Sanyo.Indoor dual sensor defrosting --- by inspection
Indoor environment temperature and condenser coil surface temperature and both differences are surveyed as defrosting basis for estimation.
5) self-correction defrosting control methods：This Defrost method is related to factor many, and detection automatic control is complicated.
6) frost layer sensor method：The frosting situation of evaporator can be by photoelectricity or capacitance probe direct detection, this method
Principle is simple, but is related to the sensor of high gain signal amplifier and costliness, practical application economy feasible as experimental technique
It is too poor.
7) fuzzy intelligentcontrol defrosting：Fuzzy control technology is introduced the defrosting control method of net for air-source heat pump units.
How it is critical only that of this control method obtains suitable fuzzy control rule and using which type of standard to control rule
Modify, limitation and one-sidedness are had according to the control rule that universal experience is obtained.If formulating control rule again according to experiment
There is a problem of that workload is too big.
Above all of detection and control method are all based on the detection of indirect parameter and control, and are easily caused appearance nothing
Frost defrosting, have frost do not remove and defrost it is unnet and cleared after the defrosting problem by mistake such as do not stop.Therefore, the detection and control of frost thickness
It is most directly and accurately to control Defrost method.At present, some scholars propose some frost thickness direct detecting methods, and
Laboratory is tested, and frost thickness is measured using microscope, micrometer such as, and using the global figure of heat exchanger
As measurement heat exchanger entirety frosting area, but above several method can only all be used in laboratory or fixed-site, nothing
Method is carried out in actual motion environment, especially heat exchanger narrow space and also motion in-car use
The content of the invention
Shortcoming and deficiency it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art, there is provided a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner is removed
White on-line checking and control system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner on-line checking and control method.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme：
A kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosts on-line checking and control system, including processor, and respectively with place
Reason device connected temperature sensor, camera, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two, the temperature
Sensor is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface of the car external heat exchanger of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, described to take the photograph
The heat exchanger fin lowest part of car external heat exchanger inlet side is arranged on as head, the Temperature Humidity Sensor one is arranged on outside car and exchanges heat
The air-inlet grille medium position of device, the air velocity transducer and Temperature Humidity Sensor two are arranged on the air-out one's intention as revealed in what one says of car external heat exchanger
Fan rear.
Described pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, including compressor, car external heat exchanger, in-car heat exchanger, oil eliminator, gas
Liquid/gas separator, expansion valve, four-way reversing valve, the exhaust outlet of compressor are connected with the entrance of oil eliminator, the outlet of oil eliminator
End is connected with the inlet end of four-way reversing valve, and an output port of four-way reversing valve is connected with in-car heat exchanger one end, in-car
The other end of heat exchanger is connected with one end of expansion valve, and the expansion valve other end is connected with one end of car external heat exchanger, is exchanged heat outside car
The device other end is connected with four-way reversing valve port, and the another port of four-way reversing valve is connected with the entrance point of gas-liquid separator, gas
The port of export of liquid/gas separator is connected with the suction end of compressor.
Another object of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme：
A kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosts on-line checking and control method, the step of comprising following order：
S1. unit enters heating mode, the temperature on temperature sensor real-time monitoring car external heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface, and
Processor is transferred data to, camera is clapped a photo for car external heat exchanger inlet side and closed after being transmitted to processor；
S2. processor carries out local extraction to the photo for receiving, and does binary system treatment using gray scale thresholding separation method, i.e.,
For, pixel threshold p is calculated by maximum variance between clusters, otherwise it is 0 the maximum gray scale 1 of pixel distribution more than threshold value p；
By the points that statistical pixel is maximum gray scale, and with the ratio between total pixel number of the picture x for extracting, referred to as original state
Value；
S3. when temperature sensor is transferred to temperature data≤0 DEG C of processor, it is arranged on car external heat exchanger air-inlet grille
The Temperature Humidity Sensor one of medium position, the air velocity transducer for being arranged on car external heat exchanger air outlet fan rear and humiture are passed
Sensor two is opened simultaneously, the air inlet/outlet humiture and air quantity of monitoring car external heat exchanger, and Monitoring Data is transferred into processor enters
Row treatment；
S4. when processor calculates car external heat exchanger by Monitoring Data and with reference to the volume of formula 1 and car external heat exchanger
Unit volume frosting degree when reaching setting value heat pump open defrosting mode, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, temperature
Humidity sensor two stops data collection, and camera is every the film,fault of 30 second beats one and is transmitted to processor；Wherein formula 1 is：
Δ M in formula --- the frosting degree in the unit interval, unit is kg；
M --- heat exchanger air-supply mass flow, unit is kg/s；
Δ τ --- unit interval, unit is s；
din--- heat exchanger air-supply water capacity, unit is kg/kg；
dout--- heat exchanger air-out water capacity, unit is kg/kg；
S5. processor comes into the photo for coming to camera and carries out local extraction, and does binary system treatment, calculates gray value
The ratio between total pixel number of picture of pixel number and extraction less than threshold value p y, and original state reference during with unit starting
Value x is contrasted；
S6. when y=x is detected, the defrosting of car external heat exchanger is finished, and system defrosting mode is switched back into after continuing to run with 1min
Heating mode, return to step S1.
Described camera, opens flash of light when taking pictures.
In step S4, described setting value is 34.52kg/m3.The setting value is by unit operation in actual applications
Experimental test, the value of different units is different, and experiment show that systematic function declines when moisture removal reaches 34.52kg/m3
Comparatively fast, thus choose the value as preferred value.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
1st, this pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner heat exchanger defrosting on-line checking and control system are entered by car external heat exchanger
Air-out humiture and wind speed are measured in real time, can calculate the frosting degree of heat exchanger unit area, so that it is determined that defrosting mould
The opening time point of formula, is effectively prevented from defrosting problem by mistake occur, improves unit performance.
2nd, this pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner heat exchanger defrosting on-line checking and control system are only heated in system operation
During operating mode, ability opening vehicle external heat exchanger air inlet/outlet humiture and wind when detecting heat exchanger inlet pipeline surface temperature less than 0 DEG C
The detection of speed, so as to reduce the opening time of sensor, while the defrosting problem by mistake such as frostless defrosting can also be avoided the occurrence of, improves
Detecting system operational efficiency and unit performance.
3rd, this pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner heat exchanger defrosting on-line checking and control system detect skill using image recognition
Art, the post-set time point to defrosting mode judges, can be effectively prevented from occurring defrosting do not stop to wait only and after cleared missing
Defrosting problem, improves unit performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosting on-line checking of the present invention shows with the structure of control system
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the flow of a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosting on-line checking of the present invention and control method
Figure.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited
In this.
Such as Fig. 1, a kind of defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner on-line checking and control system, including processor 13, and
Temperature sensor 11, camera 12, Temperature Humidity Sensor 1, the air velocity transducer 8, humiture being connected with processor 13 respectively
Sensor 29, the temperature sensor 11 is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchange of the car external heat exchanger 3 of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner
Device inlet ductwork surface, the camera 12 is arranged on the heat exchanger fin lowest part of the inlet side of car external heat exchanger 3, described warm and humid
Degree sensor 1 is arranged on the air-inlet grille medium position of car external heat exchanger 3, the air velocity transducer 8 and Temperature Humidity Sensor
The 29 air outlet fan rears for being arranged on car external heat exchanger 3.
Such as Fig. 1, described pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, including compressor 1, car external heat exchanger 3, in-car heat exchanger 5, oil
Separator 6, gas-liquid separator 2, expansion valve 4, four-way reversing valve 7, the exhaust outlet of compressor 1 are connected with the entrance of oil eliminator 6,
The port of export of oil eliminator 6 is connected with the inlet end 701 of four-way reversing valve 7, an output port 704 of four-way reversing valve 7 with
The one end of in-car heat exchanger 5 connects, and the other end of in-car heat exchanger 5 is connected with one end of expansion valve 4, the other end of expansion valve 4 and car
One end connection of external heat exchanger 3, the other end of car external heat exchanger 3 is connected with four-way reversing valve port 702, four-way reversing valve 7 it is another
Single port 703 is connected with the entrance point of gas-liquid separator 2, and the port of export of gas-liquid separator 2 is connected with the suction end of compressor 1.
Such as Fig. 2, a kind of defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner on-line checking and control method, the step comprising following order
Suddenly：
S1. unit enters heating mode, the temperature on temperature sensor real-time monitoring car external heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface, and
Processor is transferred data to, camera is clapped a photo for car external heat exchanger inlet side and closed after being transmitted to processor；
S2. processor carries out local extraction to the photo for receiving, and does binary system treatment using gray scale thresholding separation method, i.e.,
For, pixel threshold p is calculated by maximum variance between clusters, otherwise it is 0 the maximum gray scale 1 of pixel distribution more than threshold value p；
By the points that statistical pixel is maximum gray scale, and with the ratio between total pixel number of the picture x for extracting, referred to as original state
Value；
S3. when temperature sensor is transferred to temperature data≤0 DEG C of processor, it is arranged on car external heat exchanger air-inlet grille
The Temperature Humidity Sensor one of medium position, the air velocity transducer for being arranged on car external heat exchanger air outlet fan rear and humiture are passed
Sensor two is opened simultaneously, the air inlet/outlet humiture and air quantity of monitoring car external heat exchanger, and Monitoring Data is transferred into processor enters
Row treatment；
S4. when processor calculates car external heat exchanger by Monitoring Data and with reference to the volume of formula 1 and car external heat exchanger
Unit volume frosting degree when reaching setting value heat pump open defrosting mode, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, temperature
Humidity sensor two stops data collection, and camera is every the film,fault of 30 second beats one and is transmitted to processor；Wherein formula 1 is：
Δ M in formula --- the frosting degree in the unit interval, unit is kg；
M --- heat exchanger air-supply mass flow, unit is kg/s；
Δ τ --- unit interval, unit is s；
din--- heat exchanger air-supply water capacity, unit is kg/kg；
dout--- heat exchanger air-out water capacity, unit is kg/kg；
S5. processor comes into the photo for coming to camera and carries out local extraction, and does binary system treatment, calculates gray value
The ratio between total pixel number of picture of pixel number and extraction less than threshold value p y, and original state reference during with unit starting
Value x is contrasted；
S6. when y=x is detected, the defrosting of car external heat exchanger is finished, and system defrosting mode is switched back into after continuing to run with 1min
Heating mode, return to step S1.
Described camera, opens flash of light when taking pictures.
In step S4, described setting value is 34.52kg/m3.The setting value is by unit operation in actual applications
Experimental test, the value of different units is different, and experiment show that systematic function declines when moisture removal reaches 34.52kg/m3
Comparatively fast, thus choose the value as preferred value.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner on-line checking and control method, it is characterised in that comprising following order
Step：
S1. unit enters heating mode, the temperature on temperature sensor real-time monitoring car external heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface, and by number
According to processor is transferred to, camera is clapped a photo for car external heat exchanger inlet side and is closed after being transmitted to processor；
S2. processor carries out local extraction to the photo for receiving, and does binary system treatment using gray scale thresholding separation method, as,
Pixel threshold p is calculated by maximum variance between clusters, is otherwise 0 the maximum gray scale 1 of pixel distribution more than threshold value p；Pass through
Statistical pixel is the points of maximum gray scale, and with the ratio between total pixel number of the picture x for extracting, as original state reference value；
S3. when temperature sensor is transferred to temperature data≤0 DEG C of processor, it is arranged on car external heat exchanger air-inlet grille middle part
The Temperature Humidity Sensor one of position, the air velocity transducer and Temperature Humidity Sensor that are arranged on car external heat exchanger air outlet fan rear
Two are opened simultaneously, the air inlet/outlet humiture and air quantity of monitoring car external heat exchanger, and Monitoring Data is transferred at processor
Reason；
S4. when processor calculates the list of car external heat exchanger by Monitoring Data and with reference to the volume of formula 1 and car external heat exchanger
Heat pump opens defrosting mode, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, humiture when position volume frosting degree reaches setting value
Sensor two stops data collection, and camera is every the film,fault of 30 second beats one and is transmitted to processor；Wherein formula 1 is：
Δ M in formula --- the frosting degree in the unit interval, unit is kg；
M --- heat exchanger air-supply mass flow, unit is kg/s；
Δ τ --- unit interval, unit is s；
din--- heat exchanger air-supply water capacity, unit is kg/kg；
dout--- heat exchanger air-out water capacity, unit is kg/kg；
S5. processor comes into the photo for coming to camera and carries out local extraction, and does binary system treatment, calculates gray value and is less than
The ratio between the pixel number of threshold value p and total pixel number of picture of extraction y, and original state reference value x during with unit starting
Contrast；
S6. when y=x is detected, the defrosting of car external heat exchanger is finished, and system defrosting mode to be continued to run with switch back into after 1min and heated
Pattern, return to step S1；
The pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosting on-line checking is based on the defrosting of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner with control method
On-line checking is implemented with control system, described to be included with control system based on pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner defrosting on-line checking
Processor, and the temperature sensor, camera, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, warm and humid being connected with processor respectively
Degree sensor two, the temperature sensor is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchanger of the car external heat exchanger of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner
Inlet ductwork surface, the camera is arranged on the heat exchanger fin lowest part of car external heat exchanger inlet side, and the humiture is passed
Sensor one is arranged on the air-inlet grille medium position of car external heat exchanger, and the air velocity transducer and Temperature Humidity Sensor two are arranged on
The air outlet fan rear of car external heat exchanger.
2. pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner according to claim 1 defrosting on-line checking and control method, it is characterised in that：
Described camera, opens flash of light when taking pictures.
3. pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner according to claim 1 defrosting on-line checking and control method, it is characterised in that：
In step S4, described setting value is 34.52kg/m3.
4. pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner according to claim 1 defrosting on-line checking and control method, it is characterised in that：
Described pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, including compressor, car external heat exchanger, in-car heat exchanger, oil eliminator, gas-liquid separation
Device, expansion valve, four-way reversing valve, the exhaust outlet of compressor are connected with the entrance of oil eliminator, the port of export of oil eliminator and four
The inlet end connection of logical reversal valve a, output port of four-way reversing valve is connected with in-car heat exchanger one end, in-car heat exchanger
The other end be connected with one end of expansion valve, the expansion valve other end is connected with one end of car external heat exchanger, and car external heat exchanger is another
End is connected with four-way reversing valve port, and the another port of four-way reversing valve is connected with the entrance point of gas-liquid separator, gas-liquid separation
The port of export of device is connected with the suction end of compressor.
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| CN105135628B (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2019-03-01 | Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 | The defrosting control method of air conditioner and air conditioner |
| CN105654522B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-09-04 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | The frosting detection method and frosting detecting system of evaporator |
| CN105929776A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-09-07 | 明君汽车有限公司 | System for analyzing and controlling degree of influence of frost and fog on driving vision and control method |
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| CN107091548A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of air source heat pump defrosting control system and method |
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| CN109612027B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2023-10-27 | 天津大学 | Method and control system for analyzing frosting of air source heat pump based on microscopic photographing |
| CN110208003A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle defrost performance test methods and defrost test macro |
| CN110285617A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-27 | 贵州大学 | A kind of air source heat pump defrosting control method |
| CN110542273B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-07-06 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Method for judging start and stop of graded defrosting of heat pump system |
| CN111397100A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-10 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN113739446B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-03-24 | 广东芬尼克兹节能设备有限公司 | Comprehensive defrosting control method of heat pump unit, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112303815A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-02 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Defrosting control method of air conditioner outdoor unit and air conditioner |
| CN114889397B (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2024-07-23 | 上海热翼智控系统有限公司 | Method for accurately identifying frosting of heat exchanger outside heat pump air conditioner vehicle and implementation device thereof |
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