CN104089364A - On-line defrosting detection and control system and method for heat pump type electric automobile air conditioner - Google Patents
On-line defrosting detection and control system and method for heat pump type electric automobile air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN104089364A CN104089364A CN201410267445.6A CN201410267445A CN104089364A CN 104089364 A CN104089364 A CN 104089364A CN 201410267445 A CN201410267445 A CN 201410267445A CN 104089364 A CN104089364 A CN 104089364A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line defrosting detection and control system for a heat pump type electric automobile air conditioner. The on-line defrosting detection and control system comprises a processor, and a temperature sensor, a camera, a humiture sensor I, an air speed sensor and a humiture sensor II which are respectively connected with the processor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of an inlet pipeline of a heat pump working condition heat exchanger of an automobile outside heat exchanger of the heat pump type electric automobile air conditioner; the camera is arranged at the bottommost part of a heat exchanger fin on the inlet side of the automobile outside heat exchanger; the humiture I is arranged at the middle part of an air inlet grating of the automobile outside heat exchanger; the air speed sensor and the humiture sensor II are arranged behind a fan at an air outlet of the automobile outside heat exchanger. According to the system and the method which are disclosed by the invention, a frosting condition and a defrosting condition of the automobile outside heat exchanger under a heating working condition can be accurately judged, and the problems of mis-defrosting such as defrosting under a condition of no frost, no defrosting under a condition of frosts, incomplete defrosting, non-stopping under a condition that the frosts are completely cleared are solved; the defrosting loss of a heat pump air conditioning system is reduced, and the heating performance of the heat pump air conditioning system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air source heat pump applied technical field, particularly a kind of defrost online measurement and control system and method for pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner.
Background technology
When air source heat pump air-conditioner heats winter, outdoor heat exchanger is easy to frosting, when frost layer is amassed certain altitude, must defrost, the mode of defrosting has determined the efficiency of defrosting, and the detection of frost thickness and the control strategy of defrosting have determined the heating efficiency of complete machine unit.Chinese scholars has been done a large amount of theories and experimental study for frost thickness detection and defrosting control strategy at present, and main method is as follows:
1) timing control method for making: the early stage method adopting.When setting defrosting time, often considered worst environmental condition, therefore, certainly lead to unnecessary defrosting action.
2) time-temperature method: this is a kind of method generally adopting at present.This method is more responsive to the installation site of temperature sensor.Common medium position is installed, and the judgement that easily causes frosting to finish is inaccurate, defrosts unclean.
3) air pressure difference defrosting control method: due to evaporator surface frosting, evaporimeter both sides air pressure difference increases, determines whether to need defrosting by detecting the air pressure difference of evaporimeter both sides.This method can realize defrosting as required, but there will be maloperation when evaporator surface has foreign matter or serious dust stratification.
4) indoor, outdoor dual sensor defrosting: outdoor dual sensor defrosting.This scheme extensively adopts in the Split type air conditioner of the companies such as phase early 1990s PANASONIC, Toshiba, Sanyo.Indoor dual sensor defrosting---by detecting indoor environment temperature and condenser coil surface temperature and both differences as defrosting basis for estimation.
5) self-correction defrosting control method: it is many that this Defrost method relates to factor, detects automatic control complicated.
6) frost layer sensor method: the frosting situation of evaporimeter can be by photoelectricity or capacitance probe direct-detection, and this Method And Principle is simple, but relate to high gain signal amplifier and expensive sensor, feasible as experimental technique, practical application economy is too poor.
7) fuzzy intelligence is controlled defrosting: the defrosting control method of fuzzy control technology being introduced to net for air-source heat pump units.The key of this control method is how to obtain suitable fuzzy control rule and adopts which type of standard to modify to control law, and the control law obtaining according to universal experience has limitation and one-sidedness.If formulate control law according to experiment, there is again the problem that workload is too large.
Above all detections and control method all the detection based on indirect parameter control, easily cause occurring frostless defrosting, have frost not except and defrosting is clean and Ex-all after the mistake defrosting problem such as do not stop.Therefore, the detection of frost thickness and control are the most directly and accurately to control Defrost method.At present, some scholars have proposed some frost thickness direct detecting method, and test in laboratory, as utilize microscope, micrometer etc. to measure frost thickness, and utilize heat exchanger global image to measure the whole frosting area of heat exchanger, but above several method all can only be in laboratory or fixed-site use, cannot in actual motion environment, carry out, especially in the car of heat exchanger narrow space and motion, use
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art with not enough, a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online measurement and control system that defrosts is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online Detection & Controling method that defrosts.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
A kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online measurement and control system that defrosts, comprise processor, and the temperature sensor being connected with processor respectively, camera, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two, described temperature sensor is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface of the car external heat exchanger of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, described camera is arranged on the heat exchanger fin lowest part of car external heat exchanger inlet side, described Temperature Humidity Sensor one is arranged on the air-inlet grille medium position of car external heat exchanger, described air velocity transducer and Temperature Humidity Sensor two are arranged on the air outlet fan rear of car external heat exchanger.
Described pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, comprise compressor, car external heat exchanger, heat exchanger in car, oil eliminator, gas-liquid separator, expansion valve, four-way change-over valve, the exhaust outlet of compressor is connected with the entrance of oil eliminator, the port of export of oil eliminator is connected with the inlet end of four-way change-over valve, an output port of four-way change-over valve is connected with heat exchanger one end in car, in car, the other end of heat exchanger and one end of expansion valve are connected, the expansion valve other end is connected with one end of car external heat exchanger, the car external heat exchanger other end is connected with four-way change-over valve port, the another port of four-way change-over valve is connected with the entrance point of gas-liquid separator, the port of export of gas-liquid separator is connected with the suction end of compressor.
Another object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
The pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online Detection & Controling method that defrosts, the step that comprises following order:
S1. unit enters heating mode, the temperature on temperature sensor Real-Time Monitoring car external heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface, and transfer data to processor, camera is closed after clapping the photo of a car external heat exchanger inlet side and passing to processor;
S2. processor carries out part extraction to the photo receiving, and adopts gray scale thresholding separation method to do binary system processing, is, and by maximum variance between clusters, calculates pixel threshold p, the pixel that surpasses threshold value p is distributed to maximum gray scale 1, otherwise be 0; What by statistical pixel, be maximum gray scale counts, and with the ratio x of total pixel number of the picture extracting, as original state reference value;
S3. when temperature sensor is transferred to temperature data≤0 ℃ of processor, be arranged on the Temperature Humidity Sensor one of car external heat exchanger air-inlet grille medium position, the air velocity transducer that is arranged on car external heat exchanger air outlet fan rear and Temperature Humidity Sensor two opens simultaneously, air inlet/outlet humiture and the air quantity of monitoring car external heat exchanger, and monitored data is transferred to processor processes;
S4. when processor reaches setting value by monitored data and in conjunction with the unit volume moisture removal that formula 1 calculates car external heat exchanger, heat pump is opened defrosting mode, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two stop data collection, and camera is every 30 second beats one film,faults and pass to processor; Wherein formula 1 is:
Δ M in formula---the frosting degree in the unit interval, unit is kg;
M---heat exchanger air-supply mass flow, unit is kg/s;
Δ τ---the unit interval, unit is s;
D
in---heat exchanger air-supply water capacity, unit is kg/kg;
D
out---heat exchanger air-out water capacity, unit is kg/kg;
S5. the photo that processor passes into camera carries out part and extracts, and does binary system and process, and calculates the ratio y that gray value is less than total pixel number of the pixel number of threshold value p and the picture of extraction, and the original state value x during with unit starting contrasts;
S6. when y=x being detected, the defrosting of car external heat exchanger is complete, and system defrosting mode continues to switch back heating mode after operation 1min, returns to step S1.
Described camera, opens flash of light while taking pictures.
In step S4, described setting value is 34.52kg/m3.This setting value is to come by unit operation experimental test in actual applications, and the value of different units is different, and experiment show that systematic function declines comparatively fast when moisture removal reaches 34.52kg/m3, therefore choose this value as preferred value.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect in the present invention:
1, this pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner heat exchanger defrosts online measurement and control system by car external heat exchanger air inlet/outlet humiture and wind speed are measured in real time, can calculate the frosting degree of heat exchanger unit are, thereby determine the opening time point of defrosting mode, effectively avoid occurring mistake defrosting problem, improve unit performance.
2, this pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner heat exchanger defrosts online measurement and control system only when system operation heating condition, the detection of ability opening vehicle external heat exchanger air inlet/outlet humiture and wind speed while heat exchanger inlet pipeline surface temperature being detected lower than 0 ℃, thereby reduce the opening time of sensor, also can avoid occurring the mistake defrosting problems such as frostless defrosting, improve detection system operational efficiency and unit performance simultaneously.
3, this pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner heat exchanger online measurement and control system that defrosts utilizes image recognition detection technique, point post-set time to defrosting mode judges, can effectively avoid occurring not stopping to wait defrosting problem by mistake, raising unit performance after the clean and Ex-all of defrosting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the defrost structural representation of online measurement and control system of a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the defrost flow chart of online Detection & Controling method of a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
As Fig. 1, a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online measurement and control system that defrosts, comprise processor 13, and the temperature sensor 11 being connected with processor 13 respectively, camera 12, Temperature Humidity Sensor 1, air velocity transducer 8, Temperature Humidity Sensor 29, described temperature sensor 11 is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface of the car external heat exchanger 3 of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, described camera 12 is arranged on the heat exchanger fin lowest part of car external heat exchanger 3 inlet sides, described Temperature Humidity Sensor 1 is arranged on the air-inlet grille medium position of car external heat exchanger 3, described air velocity transducer 8 and Temperature Humidity Sensor 29 are arranged on the air outlet fan rear of car external heat exchanger 3.
As Fig. 1, described pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, comprise compressor 1, car external heat exchanger 3, heat exchanger 5 in car, oil eliminator 6, gas-liquid separator 2, expansion valve 4, four-way change-over valve 7, the exhaust outlet of compressor 1 is connected with the entrance of oil eliminator 6, the port of export of oil eliminator 6 is connected with the inlet end 701 of four-way change-over valve 7, an output port 704 of four-way change-over valve 7 is connected with heat exchanger 5 one end in car, in car, the other end of heat exchanger 5 is connected with one end of expansion valve 4, expansion valve 4 other ends are connected with one end of car external heat exchanger 3, car external heat exchanger 3 other ends are connected with four-way change-over valve port 702, the another port 703 of four-way change-over valve 7 is connected with the entrance point of gas-liquid separator 2, the port of export of gas-liquid separator 2 is connected with the suction end of compressor 1.
As Fig. 2, a kind of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online Detection & Controling method that defrosts, the step that comprises following order:
S1. unit enters heating mode, the temperature on temperature sensor Real-Time Monitoring car external heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface, and transfer data to processor, camera is closed after clapping the photo of a car external heat exchanger inlet side and passing to processor;
S2. processor carries out part extraction to the photo receiving, and adopts gray scale thresholding separation method to do binary system processing, is, and by maximum variance between clusters, calculates pixel threshold p, the pixel that surpasses threshold value p is distributed to maximum gray scale 1, otherwise be 0; What by statistical pixel, be maximum gray scale counts, and with the ratio x of total pixel number of the picture extracting, as original state reference value;
S3. when temperature sensor is transferred to temperature data≤0 ℃ of processor, be arranged on the Temperature Humidity Sensor one of car external heat exchanger air-inlet grille medium position, the air velocity transducer that is arranged on car external heat exchanger air outlet fan rear and Temperature Humidity Sensor two opens simultaneously, air inlet/outlet humiture and the air quantity of monitoring car external heat exchanger, and monitored data is transferred to processor processes;
S4. when processor reaches setting value by monitored data and in conjunction with the unit volume moisture removal that formula 1 calculates car external heat exchanger, heat pump is opened defrosting mode, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two stop data collection, and camera is every 30 second beats one film,faults and pass to processor; Wherein formula 1 is:
Δ M in formula---the frosting degree in the unit interval, unit is kg;
M---heat exchanger air-supply mass flow, unit is kg/s;
Δ τ---the unit interval, unit is s;
D
in---heat exchanger air-supply water capacity, unit is kg/kg;
D
out---heat exchanger air-out water capacity, unit is kg/kg;
S5. the photo that processor passes into camera carries out part and extracts, and does binary system and process, and calculates the ratio y that gray value is less than total pixel number of the pixel number of threshold value p and the picture of extraction, and the original state value x during with unit starting contrasts;
S6. when y=x being detected, the defrosting of car external heat exchanger is complete, and system defrosting mode continues to switch back heating mode after operation 1min, returns to step S1.
Described camera, opens flash of light while taking pictures.
In step S4, described setting value is 34.52kg/m3.This setting value is to come by unit operation experimental test in actual applications, and the value of different units is different, and experiment show that systematic function declines comparatively fast when moisture removal reaches 34.52kg/m3, therefore choose this value as preferred value.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online measurement and control system that defrosts, it is characterized in that: comprise processor, and the temperature sensor being connected with processor respectively, camera, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two, described temperature sensor is arranged on the heat pump working condition heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface of the car external heat exchanger of pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, described camera is arranged on the heat exchanger fin lowest part of car external heat exchanger inlet side, described Temperature Humidity Sensor one is arranged on the air-inlet grille medium position of car external heat exchanger, described air velocity transducer and Temperature Humidity Sensor two are arranged on the air outlet fan rear of car external heat exchanger.
2. the pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner according to claim 1 online measurement and control system that defrosts, it is characterized in that: described pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner, comprise compressor, car external heat exchanger, heat exchanger in car, oil eliminator, gas-liquid separator, expansion valve, four-way change-over valve, the exhaust outlet of compressor is connected with the entrance of oil eliminator, the port of export of oil eliminator is connected with the inlet end of four-way change-over valve, an output port of four-way change-over valve is connected with heat exchanger one end in car, in car, the other end of heat exchanger and one end of expansion valve are connected, the expansion valve other end is connected with one end of car external heat exchanger, the car external heat exchanger other end is connected with four-way change-over valve port, the another port of four-way change-over valve is connected with the entrance point of gas-liquid separator, the port of export of gas-liquid separator is connected with the suction end of compressor.
3. the pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner online Detection & Controling method that defrosts, is characterized in that the step that comprises following order:
S1. unit enters heating mode, the temperature on temperature sensor Real-Time Monitoring car external heat exchanger inlet ductwork surface, and transfer data to processor, camera is closed after clapping the photo of a car external heat exchanger inlet side and passing to processor;
S2. processor carries out part extraction to the photo receiving, and adopts gray scale thresholding separation method to do binary system processing, is, and by maximum variance between clusters, calculates pixel threshold p, the pixel that surpasses threshold value p is distributed to maximum gray scale 1, otherwise be 0; What by statistical pixel, be maximum gray scale counts, and with the ratio x of total pixel number of the picture extracting, as original state reference value;
S3. when temperature sensor is transferred to temperature data≤0 ℃ of processor, be arranged on the Temperature Humidity Sensor one of car external heat exchanger air-inlet grille medium position, the air velocity transducer that is arranged on car external heat exchanger air outlet fan rear and Temperature Humidity Sensor two opens simultaneously, air inlet/outlet humiture and the air quantity of monitoring car external heat exchanger, and monitored data is transferred to processor processes;
S4. when processor reaches setting value by monitored data and in conjunction with the unit volume moisture removal that formula 1 calculates car external heat exchanger, heat pump is opened defrosting mode, Temperature Humidity Sensor one, air velocity transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor two stop data collection, and camera is every 30 second beats one film,faults and pass to processor; Wherein formula 1 is:
Δ M in formula---the frosting degree in the unit interval, unit is kg;
M---heat exchanger air-supply mass flow, unit is kg/s;
Δ τ---the unit interval, unit is s;
D
in---heat exchanger air-supply water capacity, unit is kg/kg;
D
out---heat exchanger air-out water capacity, unit is kg/kg;
S5. the photo that processor passes into camera carries out part and extracts, and does binary system and process, and calculates the ratio y that gray value is less than total pixel number of the pixel number of threshold value p and the picture of extraction, and the original state value x during with unit starting contrasts;
S6. when y=x being detected, the defrosting of car external heat exchanger is complete, and system defrosting mode continues to switch back heating mode after operation 1min, returns to step S1.
4. the pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner according to claim 3 online Detection & Controling method that defrosts, is characterized in that: described camera, while taking pictures, open flash of light.
5. the pump type heat electric automobile air conditioner according to claim 3 online Detection & Controling method that defrosts, is characterized in that: in step S4, described setting value is 34.52kg/m3.
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| CN105042791A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-11 | 苏州创时云能源科技有限公司 | On-line monitoring and controlling system and method for defrosting of air conditioner |
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| CN105654522A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Frosting detection method and frosting detection system for evaporator |
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| CN107091548A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of air source heat pump defrosting control system and method |
| CN107461962A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-12 | 天津大学 | Air source heat pump defrosting system and method based on image procossing and hot-gas bypass |
| CN109109613A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning control method and system, storage medium, processor |
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| CN114889397A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-08-12 | 上海热翼智控系统有限公司 | Method for accurately identifying frosting of heat exchanger on outer side of heat pump air-conditioning vehicle and implementation device thereof |
| CN116691282A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-09-05 | 江苏日盈电子股份有限公司 | Internet-based vehicle-mounted air conditioner operation control system |
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