CN104089269A - Load distribution method for main-pipeline unit boiler in power station - Google Patents
Load distribution method for main-pipeline unit boiler in power station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a load distribution method for a main-pipeline unit boiler in a power station. The method comprises the following steps: 1) acquiring data in real time and calculating boiler efficiency; 2) performing exhaustion calculation twice; carrying out the first-time exhaustion calculation for at most five times to properly adjust the boiler load and quickly respond the load change of a power grid; carrying out the second-time exhaustion calculation to adjust and further optimize the boiler load to achieve the optimal system efficiency. As a conventional exhaustion process is large in system calculation amount, long in load adjusting time, and cannot meet the requirements of the power grid, the conventional exhaustion process cannot be applied to the actual life; the load efficiency output when the total efficiency of two boilers is highest can be quickly and accurately found through the two-time exhaustion process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power station piping-main scheme unit boiler load distribution method, be particularly useful for piping-main scheme unit boiler load in the time dropping into the automatic control of AGC load and, by efficiency smart allocation, belong to load optimizing distribution method.
Background technology
12 propose ten thousand yuan of GDP energy consumptions drops to 0.869 ton of standard coal, declines 16% than 1.034 tons of standard coals of 2010, and along with the reduction of energy-saving and emission-reduction marginal utility, the five-year country will be growing on and on to the dynamics of energy-saving and emission-reduction.CFBB has been realized strict disposal of pollutants index as a kind of clean coal combustion technology low cost, uses inferior fuel, has comprehensive advantage at the aspect such as load adaptability and ash comprehensive utilization, has been widely used in power industry.In actual motion, for better adapting to the requirement of intelligent grid to fired power generating unit, grid-connected fired power generating unit need to respond fast to load variations.But what adopt micro-gaining rate load distribution method such as is more, from Functional Analysis, if consumption function is not convexity, by etc. the total coal consumption of system of micro-principle distribution load gained be not minimum but greatly; If adopt the general method of exhaustion to look for successively the ratio of distribution load, waste time and energy, amount of calculation is possibility too greatly hardly, and consumes the plenty of time, affects boiler load and adjusts in time according to actual needs, causes huge energy waste.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the power station piping-main scheme unit boiler load distribution method of a kind of precise and high efficiency, fast energy-saving, and this method is to be based upon on AGC load automatic control system based on twice method of exhaustion to realize the quick responsive electricity grid load variations of boiler load and reach the method for system effectiveness optimum.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of power station piping-main scheme unit boiler load distribution method, comprises the steps:
Step 1: real-time data collection, calculates boiler efficiency:
Image data comprises feedwater parameter, steam parameter, primary air flow F1 and secondary air flow F2;
Described feedwater parameter comprises feed temperature Tgs (DEG C) and feedwater flow Dgs(t/h);
Described steam parameter comprises boiler capacity D(t/h), steam pressure P (MPa) and vapor (steam) temperature t (DEG C);
Calculate real-time coal supply gross calorific value N(kJ/h by following formula (1)):
N=Y1×Q （1）
Wherein, N is real-time coal supply gross calorific value, and unit is kJ/h;
Y1 is the amount of making charcoal, and unit is kg/h;
Q is the directly calorific value of burning of carbon, and unit is kJ/kg;
According to carbon oxygen combustion reaction formula C+ O
2 cO
2, establishing the Y1 representative amount of making charcoal, X1 represents total oxygen demand (kg/h), tries to achieve Y1=12 × X1/32; Wherein 12 and 32 mass fractions that represent respectively carbon and oxygen;
Described total oxygen demand meets formula: X1=F × K;
Wherein, F is total blast volume, the primary air flow F1 recording and secondary air flow F2 sum, and its unit is m3/h; K is oxygen quality in 1m3 air, and unit is kg;
Calculate boiler export steam enthalpy h by following formula (2):
（2）
Wherein, h is boiler export steam enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
T=t+273.15, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, unit is K;
P is steam pressure, and unit is MPa;
Calculate boiler feedwater enthalpy h1 by following formula (3):
h1=Tgs*C （3）
Wherein, h1 is boiler feedwater enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
C is water specific heat capacity, C=4.18J/(kg DEG C);
Tgs is feed temperature, and unit is DEG C;
Calculate boiler efficiency E (%) by following formula (4);
E=1000(h*D-h1*Dgs)/N*100% （4）
Wherein, E is boiler efficiency;
N is real-time coal supply gross calorific value, and unit is kJ/h;
H is boiler export steam enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
H1 is boiler feedwater enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
D is boiler capacity, and unit is t/h;
Dgs is feedwater flow, and unit is t/h;
Described boiler is piping-main scheme unit boiler, and it comprises boiler A and boiler B, utilizes formula (1) ~ (4) to calculate respectively its A, B boiler efficiency, and note is E1 and E2;
Step 2: adopt the secondary method of exhaustion to find boiler efficiency maximum point, complete sharing of load:
(1) exhaustive computations for the first time:
A. according to the variable quantity △ Z of network load power, determine step-length a, step-length a meets following formula (5):
a=v*△Z （5）
Wherein, a is step-length, and unit is MW;
V is for adjusting parameter, and span is 10% ~ 15%;
△ Z is the variable quantity of network load power, and unit is MW;
B. load power Z1 and the Z2 of boiler A and boiler B adjusted in circulation:
△ Z is resolved into △ Z1 and △ Z2, i.e. △ Z=△ Z1+ △ Z2, the span of △ Z1 is 0 ~ △ Z, the span of △ Z2 is 0 ~ △ Z;
According to step-length a,, utilize following formula (6) to calculate reduced parameter Kn:
Kn=(Z1+△Z1+n*a)* E1+ (Z2+△Z2- n*a)* E2 （6）
Wherein, n is the adjustment parameter in exhaustive computations for the first time, and value is 0 ~ N, N≤5;
Kn is for adjusting the corresponding reduced parameter of parameter n in exhaustive computations for the first time, and unit is MW;
Z1 is the current load power of boiler 1, and unit is MW;
Z2 is the current load power of boiler 2, and unit is MW;
△ Z1 is the variable quantity of the load power of boiler 1, and unit is MW;
△ Z2 is the variable quantity of the load power of boiler 2, and unit is MW;
E1 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 1;
E2 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 2;
Adjustment parameter n in described exhaustive computations for the first time gets 0 ~ N successively, N≤5, obtain successively K0, KN, select K0, maximum in KN, takes out and now adjusts (Z1+ △ Z1+n*a) that parameter n is corresponding load power Z1 ' as boiler 1, and (Z2+ △ Z2-n*a) is as the load power Z2 ' of boiler 2;
The plane curve forming due to Kn and n only has a crest, therefore as long as in the time that the previous value Kn-1 of Kn and a rear value Kn+1 are all less than Kn, can determine that Kn is maximum;
(2) exhaustive computations for the second time:
Step-length lower limit is a
min, more described step-length a and step-length lower limit a
minsize:
A. when step-length a is greater than step-length lower limit a
mintime, make a=a
min, the step B in exhaustive computations for the first time described in employing, substitution step-length lower limit a
minas a, utilize following formula (7) new load power Z1 ' and Z2 ' that further refining-circulation is adjusted boiler A and boiler B, try to achieve the Optimal Load power after boiler 1 and boiler 2 refinements:
Km=( Z1’+m*a)* E1+ (Z2’-m*a)* E2 （7）
Wherein, m is the adjustment parameter m in exhaustive computations for the second time, and value is positive integer;
Km is for adjusting the corresponding reduced parameter of parameter m in exhaustive computations for the second time, and unit is MW;
The load power that the exhaustive computations for the first time that Z1 ' is boiler 1 obtains, unit is MW;
The load power that the exhaustive computations for the first time that Z2 ' is boiler 2 obtains, unit is MW;
E1 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 1;
E2 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 2;
Adjustment parameter m in described exhaustive computations is for the second time got positive integer successively, in the Km obtaining successively, select maximum, take out and now adjust the load power Z1 of parameter m corresponding (Z1 '+m*a) as boiler 1 ", (Z2 '-m*a) is as the load power Z2 of boiler 2 ";
The plane curve forming due to Km and m only has a crest, therefore as long as in the time that the previous value Km-1 of Km and a rear value Km+1 are all less than Km, can determine that Km is maximum;
B. when step-length a is less than or equal to step-length lower limit a
mintime, no longer calculate, directly output (Z1+ △ Z1+n*a) is as the load power Z1 ' of boiler 1, and (Z2+ △ Z2-n*a) is as the load power Z2 ' of boiler 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the load power of output while finding fast and accurately two boilers to make gross efficiency maximum by the secondary method of exhaustion, because of conventional method of exhaustion system-computed amount large, the load adjustment time is long, can not meet electrical network requirement, therefore the conventional method of exhaustion cannot be applied in practice, and this method adopts the secondary method of exhaustion, maximum 5 times of exhaustive computations for the first time, boiler load is adjusted to the right place, fast responsive electricity grid load variations; Exhaustive computations is adjusted to boiler load and is further optimized for the second time, reaches system effectiveness optimum.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is method flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment: taking No. 21 units of Hua electricity Shijiazhuang, Hebei Thermal Power Co., Ltd as example, adopt following steps to carry out power station piping-main scheme unit boiler sharing of load:
Step 1: real-time data collection, calculates boiler efficiency:
Image data comprises feedwater parameter, steam parameter, primary air flow F1 and secondary air flow F2;
Described feedwater parameter comprises feed temperature Tgs (DEG C) and feedwater flow Dgs(t/h);
Described steam parameter comprises boiler capacity D(t/h), steam pressure P (MPa) and vapor (steam) temperature t (DEG C);
Calculate real-time coal supply gross calorific value N(kJ/h by following formula (1)):
N=Y1×Q （1）
Wherein, N is real-time coal supply gross calorific value, and unit is kJ/h;
Y1 is the amount of making charcoal, and unit is kg/h;
Q is the directly calorific value of burning of carbon, and unit is kJ/kg;
According to carbon oxygen combustion reaction formula C+ O
2 cO
2, establishing the Y1 representative amount of making charcoal, X1 represents total oxygen demand (kg/h), tries to achieve Y1=12 × X1/32; Wherein 12 and 32 mass fractions that represent respectively carbon and oxygen;
Described total oxygen demand meets formula: X1=F × K;
Wherein, F is total blast volume, the primary air flow F1 recording and secondary air flow F2 sum, and its unit is m3/h; K is oxygen quality in 1m3 air, and unit is kg; Air molal weight is 0.029kg/mol, and 20 DEG C, under the condition of a standard atmospheric pressure, the volume of air of 1mol is about 0.023m3, and atmospheric density is 1.260kg/m3, and in air, oxygen quality mark is 20%, so oxygen quality is about 0.252kg in 1m3 air;
Calculate boiler export steam enthalpy h by following formula (2):
（2）
Wherein, h is boiler export steam enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
T=t+273.15, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, unit is K;
P is steam pressure, and unit is MPa;
Calculate boiler feedwater enthalpy h1 by following formula (3):
h1=Tgs*C （3）
Wherein, h1 is boiler feedwater enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
C is water specific heat capacity, C=4.18J/(kg DEG C);
Tgs is feed temperature, and unit is DEG C;
Calculate boiler efficiency E (%) by following formula (4);
E=1000(h*D-h1*Dgs)/N*100% （4）
Wherein, E is boiler efficiency;
N is real-time coal supply gross calorific value, and unit is kJ/h;
H is boiler export steam enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
H1 is boiler feedwater enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
D is boiler capacity, and unit is t/h;
Dgs is feedwater flow, and unit is t/h;
Described boiler is piping-main scheme unit boiler, and it comprises boiler A and boiler B, utilizes formula (1) ~ (4) to calculate respectively its A, B boiler efficiency, and note is E1 and E2;
Step 2: adopt the secondary method of exhaustion to find boiler efficiency maximum point, complete sharing of load:
(1) exhaustive computations for the first time:
A. according to the variable quantity △ Z of network load power, determine step-length a, step-length a meets following formula (5):
a=v*△Z （5）
Wherein, a is step-length, and unit is MW;
V is for adjusting parameter, and span is 10% ~ 15%;
△ Z is the variable quantity of network load power, and unit is MW;
B. load power Z1 and the Z2 of boiler A and boiler B adjusted in circulation:
△ Z is resolved into △ Z1 and △ Z2, i.e. △ Z=△ Z1+ △ Z2, the span of △ Z1 is 0 ~ △ Z, the span of △ Z2 is 0 ~ △ Z;
According to step-length a,, utilize following formula to calculate reduced parameter Kn:
In the time of n=0, K0=Z1* E1+ (Z2+ △ Z) * E2
In the time of n=1, K1=(Z1+a) * E1+ (Z2+ △ Z-a) * E2
In the time of n=2, K2=(Z1+2*a) * E1+ (Z2+ △ Z-2*a) * E2
In the time of n=3, K3=(Z1+3*a) * E1+ (Z2+ △ Z-3*a) * E2
In the time of n=4, K4=(Z1+4*a) * E1+ (Z2+ △ Z-4*a) * E2
In the time of n=5, K5=(Z1+5*a) * E1+ (Z2+ △ Z-5*a) * E2
Increase progressively and analogize successively from n=0, by big or small the value of the Kn obtaining, for example, in the time calculating K4, find that K2 is less than K3, when K4 is less than K3, can judge the maximum that K3 is reduced parameter Kn, because the plane curve that Kn and n form only has a crest, once occur that downward opening flex point finds the maximum under this sampling condition, as long as in the time that the previous value Kn-1 of Kn and a rear value Kn+1 are all less than Kn, can determine that Kn is maximum; Therefore usually can find the maximum in reduced parameter Kn without the value that calculates the corresponding Kn of a lot of n, can calculate for maximum 5 times under normal circumstances.
Take out and now adjust (Z1+ △ Z1+n*a) that parameter n is corresponding load power Z1 ' as boiler 1, (Z2+ △ Z2-n*a) is as the load power Z2 ' of boiler 2;
Wherein, n is the adjustment parameter in exhaustive computations for the first time, and value is 0 ~ N, N≤5;
Kn is for adjusting the corresponding reduced parameter of parameter n in exhaustive computations for the first time, and unit is MW;
Z1 is the current load power of boiler 1, and unit is MW;
Z2 is the current load power of boiler 2, and unit is MW;
△ Z1 is the variable quantity of the load power of boiler 1, and unit is MW;
△ Z2 is the variable quantity of the load power of boiler 2, and unit is MW;
E1 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 1;
E2 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 2;
(2) exhaustive computations for the second time:
Step-length lower limit is a
min, more described step-length a and step-length lower limit a
minsize:
A. when step-length a is greater than step-length lower limit a
mintime, make a=a
min, the step B in exhaustive computations for the first time described in employing, substitution step-length lower limit a
minas a, utilize following formula (7) new load power Z1 ' and Z2 ' that further refining-circulation is adjusted boiler A and boiler B, try to achieve the Optimal Load power after boiler 1 and boiler 2 refinements:
Km=(Z1’+m*a)* E1+ (Z2’-m*a)* E2 （7）
Wherein, m is the adjustment parameter m in exhaustive computations for the second time, and value is positive integer;
Km is for adjusting the corresponding reduced parameter of parameter m in exhaustive computations for the second time, and unit is MW;
The load power that the exhaustive computations for the first time that Z1 ' is boiler 1 obtains, unit is MW;
The load power that the exhaustive computations for the first time that Z2 ' is boiler 2 obtains, unit is MW;
E1 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 1;
E2 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 2;
Adjustment parameter m in described exhaustive computations is for the second time got positive integer successively, in the Km obtaining successively, select maximum, take out and now adjust the load power Z1 of parameter m corresponding (Z1 '+m*a) as boiler 1 ", (Z2 '-m*a) is as the load power Z2 of boiler 2 ";
The plane curve forming due to Km and m only has a crest, therefore as long as in the time that the previous value Km-1 of Km and a rear value Km+1 are all less than Km, can determine that Km is maximum;
B. when step-length a is less than or equal to step-length lower limit a
mintime, no longer calculate, directly output (Z1+ △ Z1+n*a) is as the load power Z1 ' of boiler 1, and (Z2+ △ Z2-n*a) is as the load power Z2 ' of boiler 2.
The present invention utilizes the senior calculation function that control system is powerful, by to a large amount of soft instrument amounts in line computation, measuring and calculating boiler thermal output and coal supply phosphorus content in real time, the load of every boiler is carried out to on-line optimization distribution, the operating states of the units that calculates in real time, adjusts, make unit efficiency in responsive electricity grid load variations the moment in optimum state.
Although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.Those skilled in the art have read after foregoing, for multiple amendment of the present invention and substitute will be all apparent.
Claims (1)
1. a power station piping-main scheme unit boiler load distribution method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: real-time data collection, calculates boiler efficiency:
Image data comprises feedwater parameter, steam parameter, primary air flow F1 and secondary air flow F2;
Described feedwater parameter comprises feed temperature Tgs (DEG C) and feedwater flow Dgs(t/h);
Described steam parameter comprises boiler capacity D(t/h), steam pressure P (MPa) and vapor (steam) temperature t (DEG C);
Calculate real-time coal supply gross calorific value N(kJ/h by following formula (1)):
N=Y1×Q （1）
Wherein, N is real-time coal supply gross calorific value, and unit is kJ/h;
Y1 is the amount of making charcoal, and unit is kg/h;
Q is the directly calorific value of burning of carbon, and unit is kJ/kg;
According to carbon oxygen combustion reaction formula C+ O
2 cO
2, establishing the Y1 representative amount of making charcoal, X1 represents total oxygen demand (kg/h), tries to achieve Y1=12 × X1/32; Wherein 12 and 32 mass fractions that represent respectively carbon and oxygen;
Described total oxygen demand meets formula: X1=F × K;
Wherein, F is total blast volume, the primary air flow F1 recording and secondary air flow F2 sum, and its unit is m3/h; K is oxygen quality in 1m3 air, and unit is kg;
Calculate boiler export steam enthalpy h by following formula (2):
（2）
Wherein, h is boiler export steam enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
T=t+273.15, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, unit is K;
P is steam pressure, and unit is MPa;
Calculate boiler feedwater enthalpy h1 by following formula (3):
h1=Tgs*C （3）
Wherein, h1 is boiler feedwater enthalpy, and unit is kj/kg;
C is water specific heat capacity, C=4.18J/(kg DEG C);
Tgs is feed temperature, and unit is DEG C;
Calculate boiler efficiency E (%) by following formula (4);
E=1000(h*D-h1*Dgs)/N*100% （4）
Wherein, E is boiler efficiency;
N is real-time coal supply gross calorific value, and unit is kJ/h;
H is boiler export steam enthalpy, and unit is kJ/kg;
H1 is boiler feedwater enthalpy, and unit is kJ/kg;
D is boiler capacity, and unit is t/h;
Dgs is feedwater flow, and unit is t/h;
Described boiler is piping-main scheme unit boiler, and it comprises boiler A and boiler B, utilizes formula (1) ~ (4) to calculate respectively its A, B boiler efficiency, and note is E1 and E2;
Step 2: adopt the secondary method of exhaustion to find boiler efficiency maximum point, complete sharing of load:
(1) exhaustive computations for the first time:
A. according to the variable quantity △ Z of network load power, determine step-length a, step-length a meets following formula (5):
a=v*△Z （5）
Wherein, a is step-length, and unit is MW;
V is for adjusting parameter, and span is 10% ~ 15%;
△ Z is the variable quantity of network load power, and unit is MW;
B. load power Z1 and the Z2 of boiler A and boiler B adjusted in circulation:
△ Z is resolved into △ Z1 and △ Z2, i.e. △ Z=△ Z1+ △ Z2, the span of △ Z1 is 0 ~ △ Z, the span of △ Z2 is 0 ~ △ Z;
According to step-length a,, utilize following formula (6) to calculate reduced parameter Kn:
Kn=(Z1+△Z1+n*a)* E1+ (Z2+△Z2- n*a)* E2 （6）
Wherein, n is the adjustment parameter in exhaustive computations for the first time, and value is 0 ~ N, N≤5;
Kn is for adjusting the corresponding reduced parameter of parameter n in exhaustive computations for the first time, and unit is MW;
Z1 is the current load power of boiler 1, and unit is MW;
Z2 is the current load power of boiler 2, and unit is MW;
△ Z1 is the variable quantity of the load power of boiler 1, and unit is MW;
△ Z2 is the variable quantity of the load power of boiler 2, and unit is MW;
E1 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 1;
E2 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 2;
Adjustment parameter n in described exhaustive computations for the first time gets 0 ~ N successively, N≤5, obtain successively K0, KN, select K0, maximum in KN, takes out and now adjusts (Z1+ △ Z1+n*a) that parameter n is corresponding load power Z1 ' as boiler 1, and (Z2+ △ Z2-n*a) is as the load power Z2 ' of boiler 2;
The plane curve forming due to Kn and n only has a crest, therefore as long as in the time that the previous value Kn-1 of Kn and a rear value Kn+1 are all less than Kn, can determine that Kn is maximum;
(2) exhaustive computations for the second time:
Step-length lower limit is a
min, more described step-length a and step-length lower limit a
minsize:
A. when step-length a is greater than step-length lower limit a
mintime, make a=a
min, the step B in exhaustive computations for the first time described in employing, substitution step-length lower limit a
minas a, utilize following formula (7) new load power Z1 ' and Z2 ' that further refining-circulation is adjusted boiler A and boiler B, try to achieve the Optimal Load power after boiler 1 and boiler 2 refinements:
Km=( Z1’+m*a)* E1+ (Z2’—m*a)* E2 （7）
Wherein, m is the adjustment parameter m in exhaustive computations for the second time, and value is positive integer;
Km is for adjusting the corresponding reduced parameter of parameter m in exhaustive computations for the second time, and unit is MW;
The load power that the exhaustive computations for the first time that Z1 ' is boiler 1 obtains, unit is MW;
The load power that the exhaustive computations for the first time that Z2 ' is boiler 2 obtains, unit is MW;
E1 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 1;
E2 is the boiler efficiency (%) of boiler 2;
Adjustment parameter m in described exhaustive computations is for the second time got positive integer successively, in the Km obtaining successively, select maximum, take out and now adjust the load power Z1 of parameter m corresponding (Z1 '+m*a) as boiler 1 ", (Z2 '-m*a) is as the load power Z2 of boiler 2 ";
The plane curve forming due to Km and m only has a crest, therefore as long as in the time that the previous value Km-1 of Km and a rear value Km+1 are all less than Km, can determine that Km is maximum;
B. when step-length a is less than or equal to step-length lower limit a
mintime, no longer calculate, directly output (Z1+ △ Z1+n*a) is as the load power Z1 ' of boiler 1, and (Z2+ △ Z2-n*a) is as the load power Z2 ' of boiler 2.
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| CN108613247A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-10-02 | 上海航天智慧能源技术有限公司 | A kind of Load Distribution method of steam-water dual-purpose gas fired-boiler group |
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| CN104089269B (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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