CN104087705A - Method for controlling nitrogen content of high-nitrogen steel - Google Patents
Method for controlling nitrogen content of high-nitrogen steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104087705A CN104087705A CN201410353852.9A CN201410353852A CN104087705A CN 104087705 A CN104087705 A CN 104087705A CN 201410353852 A CN201410353852 A CN 201410353852A CN 104087705 A CN104087705 A CN 104087705A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the nitrogen content of high-nitrogen steel. The method comprises the following steps: adding nitrogen by adopting a whole-process bottom nitrogen blowing mode in the converter smelting step, wherein the air supply flow from the medium smelting period to the period before tapping is higher than that of the primary smelting period and that of the period after tapping; feeding nitrogen-containing alloy wires twice for adding nitrogen in the LF (ladle furnace) refining step, wherein first wire feeding operation is performed for feeding the nitrogen-containing alloy wires with first quantity when a ladle furnace enters a station, and second wire feeding operation is performed for feeding the nitrogen-containing alloy wires with second quantity when the ladle furnace leaves from a station. According to the method, the control precision of the nitrogen content of the high-nitrogen steel can be improved, the defect of pull crack resulted by subsurface bubbles caused by overhigh nitrogen content of the finished steel is overcome, the product quality is improved, and the nitrogen content of the finished high-nitrogen steel is controlled to be 100ppm to 150ppm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of iron and steel smelting, relate in particular to a kind of method of controlling high nitrogen steel nitrogen content.
Background technology
Along with high speed and the heavy loading of China railways, to manufacturing material---the requirement of the quality index such as intensity, atmospheric corrosion resistance and low temperature impact properties of the high nitrogen steel of high strength of train crossbeam, also more and more higher.And Control of Nitrogen Content in steel has determined the steel product qualities such as the yield strength of steel and low temperature impact properties.If Control of Nitrogen Content is too low, the yield strength of steel does not reach requirement, if Control of Nitrogen Content is too high, in casting process, [N] in molten steel is free state, easily produces subsurface bubble, thereby causes steel surface lobe, transverse fissure and subcrack.
When smelting high-nitrogen steel, at present general way is nitrogen flushing or add nitrogen-containing alloy to carry out nitrogen pick-up in refinery practice before converter terminal.Yet often nitrogen content is on the low side when converter tapping for this technique, make the nitrogen pick-up pressure of the subsequent techniques such as refining very large, nitrogen content is difficult for accurately controlling, and component content fluctuation range is very large, causes the nitrogen content of product steel to exceed standard.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to improve the nitrogen pick-up technique of converter smelting and LF refining, strengthen the nitrogen pick-up effect of converter smelting and improve the nitrogen pick-up control accuracy of LF refining, make the Control of Nitrogen Content of Finished Steel in metastable close limit.
The invention provides a kind of method of controlling high nitrogen steel nitrogen content, described method comprises converter smelting step and LF refinement step, converter smelting adopts omnidistance bottom blowing nitrogen pattern to carry out nitrogen pick-up, and wherein, the gas supply flow of smelting before extremely tap mid-term is greater than the gas supply flow after smelting initial stage and tapping; LF refining carrys out nitrogen pick-up by twice feeding nitrogen-containing alloy line, wherein, carries out the nitrogen-containing alloy line that the first line feeding operates first amount that feeds when entering the station, and carries out the nitrogen-containing alloy line that the second line feeding operates second amount that feeds when departures.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in converter smelting step, the gas supply flow in smelting initial stage and tapping process can be 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, the gas supply flow of smelting before extremely tap mid-term can be 300m
3/ h～750m
3/ h.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, smelting mid-term, the gas supply flow after catch carbon can be reduced to 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, after smelting for some time, then with 300m
3/ h～750m
3the gas supply flow of/h is re-blow to tapping.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply flow after finishing with tapping before starting blowing is 50m
3/ h～80m
3/ h.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, nitrogen-containing alloy line can comprise the nitrogen of 4.5wt%～7.5wt%.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in LF refinement step, the twice line feeding operation altogether total amount of the nitrogen-containing alloy line of feeding can be 2m/ ton steel～4.5m/ ton steel.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the first line feeding operation, the nitrogen-containing alloy line of the first amount of feeding can be 2m/ ton steel～3.5m/ ton steel, and in the second line feeding operation, the nitrogen-containing alloy line of the second amount of feeding can be 0m/ ton steel～1m/ ton steel.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in converter smelting step, the nitrogen content that tapping finishes rear molten steel can be controlled at 45ppm～50ppm.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in LF refinement step, after executing the first line feeding operation, the nitrogen content of molten steel can be controlled at 90ppm～100ppm.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in LF refinement step, after executing the second line feeding operation, the nitrogen content of molten steel can be controlled at 100ppm～120ppm.
The present invention can obtain at least one in following beneficial effect:
Whole process by converter smelting stage by stage twice line feeding of blowing model and LF refining operates, and has improved the nitrogen pick-up level of converter smelting step, has alleviated the nitrogen pick-up pressure of follow-up LF refinement step, has improved control accuracy and the final product quality of nitrogen content.
Accompanying drawing explanation
According to below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing description of this invention, these and/or other aspect of the present invention will become obviously and be easier to and understand, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the omnidistance bottom blowing nitrogen blowing model figure according to the converter smelting step of exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the molten steel nitrogen content distribution plan in LF refinement step when departures of exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the nitrogen content distribution plan that utilizes the Finished Steel obtaining according to the method for the high nitrogen steel of the control of exemplary embodiment of the present invention nitrogen content.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated, yet following embodiment only plays exemplary illustration, can not be used for limiting the present invention.Unless specialized, related per-cent is all weight percentage, and hereinafter NM other aspects related to the present invention can realize by known technology.
Nitrogen can be dissolved in iron.In α-Fe, the solubleness of nitrogen element at 591 ℃ is 0.1%, and solubleness at room temperature only has 0.001%.Therefore, nitrogen can solid solution in steel.When nitrogen element is present in steel with the form of nitride, can stop austenite to be grown up, the crystal size of refinement steel, thus improve mechanical property, particularly yield strength and the low temperature impact properties of steel.Yet excessive nitrogen element is present in steel with the form of gas, easily make steel produce subsurface bubble and loose.Therefore how, usining during the smelting of nitrogen as the high nitrogen steel of alloy element, be the key factor that affects quality product by Control of Nitrogen Content in the scope of expectation.
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention mainly, by improving the nitrogen pick-up technique of converter smelting and two steps of LF refining, realizes the accurate control to high nitrogen steel nitrogen content.According to the method for the high nitrogen steel of the control of exemplary embodiment of the present invention nitrogen content, comprise: in converter smelting step, adopt omnidistance bottom blowing nitrogen pattern to carry out nitrogen pick-up, wherein, different steps at converter smelting is taked respectively different air supply intensities, and the gas supply flow of smelting before extremely tap mid-term is greater than the gas supply flow after smelting initial stage and tapping; In LF refinement step, by twice feeding nitrogen-containing alloy line, carry out nitrogen pick-up, wherein, when entering the station, carry out the nitrogen-containing alloy line that the first line feeding operates first amount that feeds, when departures, carry out the nitrogen-containing alloy line that the second line feeding operates second amount that feeds.
At present, converter smelting step is generally carried out nitrogen pick-up by being blown into nitrogen at the smelting initial stage, stops immediately for nitrogen, then be blown into argon shielding gas until tapping finishes after smelting for some time.Because oxygen supply in smelting initial stage stove is sufficient, reaction between carbon and oxygen is violent, make the CO producing there is stronger denitrification ability, therefore the nitrogen being blown into has a big chunk will follow the wallop in molten bath and lose, do not have good nitrogen pick-up effect, cause after tapping that the nitrogen content of molten steel is lower and fluctuation is larger, increased the processing pressure of follow-up refinement step.
Fig. 1 is the omnidistance bottom blowing nitrogen blowing model figure according to the converter smelting step of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, converter smelting adopts omnidistance bottom blowing nitrogen pattern, wherein, in the different steps of converter smelting, takes respectively different air supply intensities.According to the mass transport mechanism of chemical reaction, the limiting element of the dissolution process of nitrogen in molten steel is diffusion, and at the smelting initial stage, impacted by the Oxygen Flow in stove, and nitrogen can slow down to the speed spreading in molten steel, so the smelting initial stage should not adopt excessive flow.According to the nitrogen flow at the smelting initial stage of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, can be controlled at 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, in the present embodiment, the nitrogen flow of smelting the initial stage is controlled at 200m
3/ h.
When smelting enters mid-term, along with the carrying out of blowing, in stove, decarburizing reaction is tending towards perfect, and the ferric oxide in slag reduces, and the velocity of nitrogen absorption in molten bath significantly increases, and now should suitably increase gas supply flow and make molten steel nitrogen pick-up.Therefore, exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when converter smelting enters mid-term, is increased to 300m by nitrogen flow
3/ h～750m
3/ h.In the present embodiment, the nitrogen flow in converter smelting mid-term is controlled at 600m
3/ h then keeps this flow to blow to starting tapping always.
In addition, according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, before tapping, also comprise the stage of re-blowing, this is because no longer oxygen supply in stove after catch carbon, reaction between carbon and oxygen no longer produces CO, thereby the denitrification ability of molten steel is significantly weakened, if now with the large flow nitrogen of re-blowing, can make molten steel farthest inhale nitrogen during this.Therefore, the stage nitrogen flow of re-blowing of the present invention reaches 300m
3/ h～750m
3/ h is identical with the nitrogen flow of smelting mid-term.As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the nitrogen flow in the stage of re-blowing can be controlled at 600m
3/ h.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, the nitrogen flow in the stage of re-blowing can be not identical with the nitrogen flow of smelting mid-term yet.
In addition, according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after catch carbon, re-blow before, nitrogen flow can reduce by a small margin, for example, is down to 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, and keep again returning to again the 300m in the stage of re-blowing after for some time
3/ h～750m
3/ h.As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, nitrogen flow is decreased to 240m after catch carbon
3/ h, after keeping for some time, returns to 600m while re-blowing the stage again when entering
3/ h.The effect of this measure is: make molten steel after oxygen feeding stop, inner heat transfer and the carrying out of mass transfer can have buffering course, thereby guarantee the temperature of molten steel and being more evenly distributed of composition, and makes to stir kinetic energy and utilized more fully.
When the main component of molten steel meets C≤0.15%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.015%, reaching converter smelting endpoint can tap.Tapping temperature is controlled at 1680 ℃～1710 ℃, and on average the tapping time is controlled at 5.3min.During tapping, by adding aluminium ferromanganese and feeding aluminum steel and carry out deoxidation alloying, the whole process of tapping is blowing argon gas and continue to keep nitrogen flushing not.When tapping, in order to avoid, nitrogen flow is too high causes molten steel disturbance to bring disadvantageous effect to tapping process, nitrogen flow need to be decreased to 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, then keeps nitrogen flushing until tap complete.In the present embodiment, complete to tapping from starting tapping, nitrogen flow is controlled to 240m
3/ h.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, before starting blowing and tapping complete after, also need nitrogen flushing to eliminate foreign material in pipeline and equipment to prevent line clogging, guarantee that the nitrogen flow of whole converting process is supplied unblocked.The nitrogen flow being blown in this two stages can be less, as long as can reach the object of dredging pipeline.Gas supply flow after the present invention finishes with tapping before starting blowing, is controlled at 50m
3/ h～80m
3/ h.In the present embodiment, be preferably 50m
3/ h.
After tapping finishes, the chain-wales of making steel is processed, and analyzes nitrogen content.According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the Control of Nitrogen Content that tapping finishes rear molten steel is at 45ppm～50ppm, compares with the nitrogen content level of the average 35ppm left and right of prior art, obviously increases, this,, by effectively alleviating the nitrogen pick-up pressure of follow-up LF refinement step, reduces production costs.
Because high nitrogen steel has stricter requirement to the span of control of C, Mn and Cr, so LF refining must guarantee constituent adjustment ability.In LF refinement step, in order accurately to control nitrogen content, the present invention adopts and carrys out nitrogen pick-up by the method for twice feeding nitrogen-containing alloy line.
When LF enters the station, carry out the first line feeding operation, while processing according to chain-wales, the nitrogen content of analysis calculates the amount (, the nitrogen-containing alloy line of the first amount) of the nitrogen-containing alloy line of feeding.Next, carry out after slagging operation 5min～8min, sampling analysis nitrogen content, is designated as by the nitrogen content recording the nitrogen content that enters the station, according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after executing the first line feeding operation, the nitrogen content (nitrogen content enters the station) of molten steel is controlled at 90ppm～100ppm.
Then, ladle is heated to carry out to control and the adjustment of temperature or other compositions, then according to enter the station nitrogen content calculate feeding nitrogen-containing alloy line amount (, the nitrogen-containing alloy line of the second amount), then carry out the second line feeding operation, next carry out soft blow operation, sampling analysis nitrogen content, is designated as departures nitrogen content by the nitrogen content recording.According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, after executing the second line feeding operation, the nitrogen content (departures nitrogen content) of molten steel is controlled at 100ppm～120ppm.It should be noted that after executing the first line feeding operation, according to the detected result of the nitrogen content that enters the station, determine whether to carry out the second line feeding operation.In other words, after the nitrogen-containing alloy line of feeding the first amount, if detected result shows the nitrogen content of molten steel, reach the standard of departures nitrogen content, the nitrogen-containing alloy line that feeds the second amount can be 0.
Preferably, this nitrogen-containing alloy line can be vanadium titanium wire (VT line).Vanadium titanium wire take below as example detailed description is according to the line feeding method of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1 shows according to the composition of the VT line of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1 VT line main component with containing scale (wt%)
| C | V | N | Ti |
| 6.0 | 61.0～66.0 | 4.5～7.5 | 4.0～8.0 |
As shown in Table 1, the main component of the VT line of the present embodiment is vanadium, titanium and nitrogen, also contains a small amount of carbon, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.Wherein, the effect of vanadium is adjusting component, and the effect of titanium is crystal grain thinning, and the effect of nitrogen is to improve intensity, and the effect of carbon is adjusting component.Employing is according to after the line feeding method of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in this VT line, the recovery rate of each element is according to being also significantly increased before improving, wherein, the recovery rate of nitrogen brings up to 30%～50% by 20%～30%, and the recovery rate of vanadium brings up to 92%～95% by 88%～90%.
In addition, according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order further to improve the level of control of nitrogen content and to guarantee that ladle composition is uniformly distributed, after executing the second line feeding operation, molten steel is carried out to soft blow argon, argon flow amount can be 10m
3/ h～50m
3/ h, soft argon blowing time can be not less than 6min.
Below, by concrete example, further describe the present invention.
Example 1:
Converter smelting step: control nitrogen flow 50m after finishing with tapping before starting blowing
3/ h.The nitrogen flow 200m at smelting initial stage
3/ h, blowing 8min, increases to 600m by nitrogen flow
3/ h, catch carbon after blowing 12min, is reduced to 240m by nitrogen flow
3/ h, the nitrogen of re-blowing after catch carbon finishes, nitrogen flow increases to 600m again
3/ h, blows to molten steel and meets tapping condition.In tapping process, continue nitrogen flushing, and maintenance nitrogen flow is 240m
3/ h is until tap completely, and the nitrogen content of measuring molten steel is 50ppm.
LF refinement step: the VT line 3m/ ton steel that feeds the first amount in the first line feeding operation, the nitrogen content that enters the station of measuring molten steel is 105ppm, then change slag, heating, adjusting composition, then carry out the VT line 0.5m/ ton steel that the second line feeding operates second amount that feeds, take out station sample, then to molten steel soft blow argon, argon flow amount is 20m
3/ h, soft argon blowing time 6min, the departures nitrogen content of measuring molten steel is 123ppm.
The final nitrogen content that obtains Finished Steel is 128ppm.
Example 2:
Converter smelting step: the nitrogen flow 200m that smelts the initial stage
3/ h, blowing 10min, increases to 600m by nitrogen flow
3/ h, catch carbon after blowing 12min, is reduced to 240m by nitrogen flow
3/ h, the nitrogen of re-blowing after catch carbon finishes, nitrogen flow increases to 600m again
3/ h, blows to molten steel and meets tapping condition.In tapping process, continue nitrogen flushing, and maintenance nitrogen flow is 240m
3/ h is until tap completely, and the nitrogen content of measuring molten steel is 47ppm.
LF refinement step: the VT line 3m/ ton steel that feeds the first amount in the first line feeding operation, the nitrogen content that enters the station of measuring molten steel is 100ppm, then change slag, heating, adjusting composition, then carry out the VT line 0.5m/ ton steel that the second line feeding operates second amount that feeds, take out station sample, then to molten steel soft blow argon, argon flow amount is 20m
3/ h, soft argon blowing time 6min, the departures nitrogen content of measuring molten steel is 120ppm.
The final nitrogen content that obtains Finished Steel is 126ppm.
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 3 is the nitrogen content distribution plan that utilizes the Finished Steel obtaining according to the method for the high nitrogen steel of the control of exemplary embodiment of the present invention nitrogen content according to the molten steel nitrogen content distribution plan in LF refinement step when departures of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, the only fluctuation within a narrow range between 100ppm～130ppm of molten steel nitrogen content during the departures of LF refinement step, technology controlling and process level improves a lot, and for stablizing finished product nitrogen content, lays good basis.As shown in Figure 3, the Control of Nitrogen Content of the final Finished Steel obtaining between 100ppm～150ppm, steady quality, qualification rate is very high.
Yet; the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment; any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible change and modification, so protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the scope being defined in claims.
Claims (10)
1. control a method for high nitrogen steel nitrogen content, described method comprises:
In converter smelting step, adopt the pattern of omnidistance bottom blowing nitrogen to carry out nitrogen pick-up, wherein, the gas supply flow of smelting before extremely tap mid-term is greater than the gas supply flow after smelting initial stage and tapping;
In LF refinement step, by twice feeding nitrogen-containing alloy line, carry out nitrogen pick-up, wherein, when entering the station, carries out LF the nitrogen-containing alloy line that the first line feeding operates first amount that feeds, when setting off, carries out LF the nitrogen-containing alloy line that the second line feeding operates second amount that feeds.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, in converter smelting step, the gas supply flow in smelting initial stage and tapping process is 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, the gas supply flow of smelting before extremely tap mid-term is 300m
3/ h～750m
3/ h.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, is smelting mid-term, and the gas supply flow after catch carbon is reduced to 120m
3/ h～300m
3/ h, smelts for some time afterwards again with 300m
3/ h～750m
3the gas supply flow of/h is carried out and is re-blow to tapping.
4. method according to claim 1 wherein, is 50m with the gas supply flow of tapping after finishing before starting blowing
3/ h～80m
3/ h.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, nitrogen-containing alloy line comprises the nitrogen of 4.5wt%～7.5wt%.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein, in LF refinement step, the twice line feeding operation altogether total amount of the nitrogen-containing alloy line of feeding is 2m/ ton steel～4.5m/ ton steel.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, in the first line feeding operation, the nitrogen-containing alloy line of the first amount of feeding is 2m/ ton steel～3.5m/ ton steel, the nitrogen-containing alloy line of the second amount feeding in the second line feeding operation is 0m/ ton steel～1m/ ton steel.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, in converter smelting step, the Control of Nitrogen Content that tapping finishes rear molten steel is at 45ppm～50ppm.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, in LF refinement step, after executing the first line feeding operation, the Control of Nitrogen Content of molten steel is at 90ppm～100ppm.
10. method according to claim 1, wherein, in LF refinement step, after executing the second line feeding operation, the Control of Nitrogen Content of molten steel is at 100ppm～120ppm.
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110438292A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-12 | 凌源钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method of molten steel nitrogen pick-up in process for making |
| CN113416881A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-21 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Accurate nitrogen control method in smelting of nitrogen-containing steel |
| CN116694851A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-09-05 | 福建三宝钢铁有限公司 | High-nitrogen process method for deformed steel bar |
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| CN116694851A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-09-05 | 福建三宝钢铁有限公司 | High-nitrogen process method for deformed steel bar |
| CN116694851B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2024-04-05 | 福建三宝钢铁有限公司 | High-nitrogen process method for deformed steel bar |
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|---|---|
| CN104087705B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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