CN104087697B - Titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method - Google Patents
Titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104087697B CN104087697B CN201410320384.5A CN201410320384A CN104087697B CN 104087697 B CN104087697 B CN 104087697B CN 201410320384 A CN201410320384 A CN 201410320384A CN 104087697 B CN104087697 B CN 104087697B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method.Dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace controls as H=(0.8-1.2) × (d by described method
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).Described method also can comprise the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to measurement in real time, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is greater than thickness H, reduction processing is carried out to dross layer, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is less than thickness H, process is thickened to dross layer.Beneficial effect of the present invention comprises: in conjunction with dross mechanism, the factors such as titanium slag electric furnace structure and electric furnace heat distribution situation of titanium slag electrosmelting, give the thickness H of good dross layer; Process means accordingly for different dross layer situations flexible, various, can select according to practical situation and field condition; Simple to operate, do not affect normal production; Dross layer can be made to maintain preferred thickness range for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to titanium slag technical field of smelting, specifically, relate to a kind of method being in appropriate thickness can safeguarding in titanium slag smelting process the dross layer be formed on electric furnace inwall.
Background technology
Usually, titanium slag electric furnace is for smelting the visual plant forming titanium slag (such as, titanium slag, common titanium slag etc.) containing titanium ore.The maintenance of titanium slag electric furnace dross layer is smelted titanium slag and is had vital effect.
At present, dross layer safeguards more employing empirical data, and maintenance effects is poor.The quality of dross layer is directly connected to the technico-economical comparison of titanium slag smelting, dross layer cross thin easily cause lining erosion, burner hearth become slag tap greatly tapping position reduce, cause that the quantity of slag is on the low side, tapping temperature crosses high situation, even cause structure deteriorate, dross layer is blocked up easily cause the long-term run at high level of electrode, the bed of material thick, affect material effect and cause power consumption to increase.Good dross layer can ensure good thermo-efficiency, prevents lining erosion, reduces industrial accident, reduces power consumption, save production cost.
Publication number is the dross layer maintaining method that the patent documentation of CN103820600A provides a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove, the method comprises: adopt the proportioning of furnace charge and coke to be that the low carbon ratio of joining of 100:10 forms molten bath fast, control FeO >=15% in slag, control titanium slag liquid level temperature >=1720 DEG C; The section top, molten bath formed, criticize according to 100 ~ 200Kg/ and add coke, electrode position, by rise 300 ~ 1000mm, again adds coke when electrode position drops to and adds coke front position, repeats 2 ~ 3 times; In molten bath section, in the edge in molten bath, adopt feeding raw materials from more than one places; Molten bath with cinder notch and the just right position of iron mouth, adopt the mixed carbon comtent increasing by 3% ~ 4% than normal coke mixed carbon comtent to add coke; At other feed location place, edge, adopt and add coke than the mixed carbon comtent of normal coke mixed carbon comtent increase by 2% ~ 3%, wherein, normal coke mixed carbon comtent is the proportioning of furnace charge and coke is 100:12; Voltage≤the 320V of power transmission; Strict control tapping temperature; The refining time of grade adjustment under shortening later stage high temperature.But the method fails to provide the appropriate one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of dross layer, and can not carry out accommodation according to the variation in thickness of dross layer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve at least one item in prior art above shortcomings.
Such as, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that titanium slag electric furnace dross layer can be made to maintain appropriate thickness.
The invention provides a kind of titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method.Dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace controls in the scope of the thickness H in formula 1 by described dross layer maintaining method, and formula 1 is H=(0.8-1.2) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2), wherein, d
1for electric furnace electrode diameter, d
2for the Ji Xin garden of electric furnace, d
3for furnace diameter.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described dross layer maintaining method also can comprise the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to measurement in real time, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is greater than thickness H, reduction processing is carried out to dross layer, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is less than thickness H, process is thickened to dross layer.Wherein, described reduction processing is realized at least one item in means (3) by means (1), wherein, means (1) for smelting ton material power consumption is controlled in feeding quantity × 1.3 ~ 1.6MWh/t, with improve smelting cross heat; Means (2) for reducing into furnace charge carbon mixing ratio, to increase slag fluidity; Means (3) for add CaO in electric furnace, and the add-on of control CaO account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be no more than 10%.Describedly thicken process and realized at least one item in means (10) by means (4), wherein, means (4) be control all enter in stove material the mass percentage sum of MgO and CaO be no more than 3%; Means (5) are for controlling overheated coefficient as being more than or equal to 1 and being less than 1.3; Means (6) for add material to burner hearth edge, and improve material added by burner hearth edge join carbon ratio; Means (7) for add carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag in stove in electric furnace in material melting process, have a power failure cooling dross subsequently; Means (8) are added carbonaceous reducing agent, to improve splashing dross to the dross layer weak part in edge after having gone out slag iron or in smelting process; Namely above molten bath, add partial material after means (9) material in stove melts completely to form thin material tectum, make heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer; Means (10) smelt the titanium slag of 3 ~ 5 stoves more of high grade than the titanium slag of current heat 3 ~ 7% in follow-up heat.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises: in conjunction with dross mechanism, the factors such as titanium slag electric furnace structure and electric furnace heat distribution situation of titanium slag electrosmelting, give thickness H=(0.8-1.2) × (d of good dross layer
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2); Process means accordingly for different dross layer situations various, can select according to practical situation and field condition; Simple to operate, do not affect normal production; Dross layer can be made to maintain preferred thickness range for a long time.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with exemplary embodiment.
In the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace controls in the scope of the thickness H in formula 1 by titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method all the time, and formula 1 is H=(0.8-1.2) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2), wherein, d
1for electric furnace electrode diameter, d
2for the Ji Xin garden of electric furnace, d
3for furnace diameter.Preferably, H=(0.9-1.1) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).By the gauge control of dross layer in the scope of thickness H, good dross layer can be obtained, effects such as reaching good dross layer maintenance effects, be conducive to obtaining such as good thermo-efficiency, prevent lining erosion, reduce industrial accident, reduce power consumption, save production cost.
In the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method also can comprise the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to measurement in real time on the basis of above-mentioned first exemplary embodiment.Such as, after every heat has been smelted, detect the actual (real) thickness of dross layer.The actual (real) thickness of dross layer can adopt Infrared survey instrument to measure.And when dross layer record thickness be greater than thickness H, reduction processing is carried out to dross layer, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is less than thickness H, process is thickened to dross layer.
Specifically, reduction processing realizes at least one item in means (3) by means (1) below.Wherein, means (1) are for control in feeding quantity × 1.3 ~ 1.6MWh/t by smelting ton material power consumption, and (being preferably feeding quantity × 1.4 ~ 1.55MWh/t), to improve the heat excessively of smelting.Means (2) join carbon ratio (such as reducing into stove material, the carbon ratio of joining entering stove material is reduced by 10% ~ 30%, for example, when normal ratio of components is ilmenite concentrate: during reductive agent=100:11 ~ 13, reducing after joining carbon ratio can be ilmenite concentrate: reductive agent=100:8 ~ 10), to increase slag fluidity.Means (3) for add CaO in electric furnace, and the add-on of control CaO account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be no more than 10%.All enter stove material refer to the whole materials added in single heat in electric furnace.
Described thicken process realized at least one item in means (10) by means (4).Wherein, means (4) be control all enter in stove material the mass percentage sum of MgO and CaO be no more than 3%.Means (5) are for controlling overheated coefficient as being more than or equal to 1 and being less than 1.3.Means (6) for add material to burner hearth edge, and improve material added by burner hearth edge join carbon ratio.Preferably, the carbon ratio of joining of material added by burner hearth edge can be increased to ilmenite concentrate: reductive agent=100:15 ~ 20.Means (7) for add carbonaceous reducing agent (such as, coke) making foamed slag in stove in electric furnace in material melting process, have a power failure cooling dross subsequently.Preferably, in stove during material melting 70 ~ 90wt%, in electric furnace, carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag is added.Means (8) are added carbonaceous reducing agent, to improve splashing dross to the dross layer weak part in edge after having gone out slag iron or in smelting process.Namely above molten bath, add partial material after means (9) material in stove melts completely to form thin material tectum, make heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer.Preferably, for the formation of the tectal partial material of thin material account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be 3 ~ 8%.Means (10) smelt the titanium slag of 3 ~ 5 stoves more of high grade than the titanium slag of current heat 3 ~ 7% in follow-up heat.
In the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method realizes in the following way.
According to electric furnace electrode diameter d
1with Ji Xin garden d
2, furnace diameter d
3determine rational dross layer thickness benchmark.All there is hot-zone in stove and cold-zone due to the layout in electrode diameter and Ji Xin garden in smelting titanium slag with electric stove, is reinforcedly positioned at hot-zone then material melting fast response is fast, and cold-zone material then melts and even forms the whole stove material of bridging phenomena impair slowly.Better dross layer thickness designs at edge, electric furnace cold-zone by contriver, draws better dross layer thickness H=(0.8-1.2) × (d of electric furnace according to the theoretical travel path of heat energy in electric furnace in conjunction with existing titanium slag electric furnace practical situation simultaneously
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).The dross layer thickness that this method obtains controls all to achieve good metallurgical effect in repeatedly implementing.Under normal circumstances, H is not less than zero.If calculation result H is negative value, then should consider that reducing power transmission load avoids causing stove to claim damage.
Dross layer thickness can carry out actual measurement by Infrared survey instrument.
Dross layer adopts following means to control time blocked up: what (1) rationally raising was smelted crosses heat, and overheated coefficient controls about 1.3 ~ 1.6; (2) reduce into furnace charge carbon mixing than increasing slag fluidity; (3) suitably add CaO, the per-cent that stove total amount accounts for all feed stock for blast furnace total amounts that enters of control CaO is no more than 10%, reduces molten bath viscosity and strengthens scrubbing dross layer.
Following measures can be taked: (1) controls to be no more than 3% into MgO, CaO total amount of furnace charge, reduces scrubbing dross layer when mensuration dross layer is partially thin; (2) control to smelt overheated coefficient about 1.0 ~ 1.3; (3) reinforced or artificial the getting rid of from porthole in edge is taked to expect to burner hearth edge, require raising edge to feed in raw material according to refining cinder grade higher than normally joining carbon ratio, (" normally joining carbon ratio " refers to that smelting corresponding the suitable of grade titanium slag joins carbon ratio to proportioning simultaneously, it can be determined according to charge composition, smelting condition, titanium slag grade etc. usually, for example, Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate smelts 74% grade acid-dissolved titanium slag, normal ratio of components can be ilmenite concentrate: reductive agent=100:11 ~ 13) about 5 points, make edge form splashing dross; (4) take artificially to manufacture foamy slag, cooling dross mode, adds coke when material is melted to about 80% in stove and liquid level is gone up fast in stove fast, and have a power failure cooling dross afterwards; (5), after having taked out slag iron, edge weak part manually adds coke and adds coke combine with smelting midway, improves splashing dross; (6) take the thin bed of material to cover to smelt, make heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer, such as, in stove, (namely material (i.e. added material in stove) adds a small amount of compound after melting completely, normally add material in stove such as, ilmenite concentrate is with addition of nut coke, and proportioning is by normal proportioning), to form thin material tectum, thus avoid heat to be passed to dross layer along slag surface causing loss; (7) artificial 3 ~ 5 stoves of deliberately smelting are higher than normal grade about 5% titanium slag, make dross layer form higher-grade dross, reduce its fusion loss.
In this example, in primary smelting process, can there are 3 ~ 6 reinforced processes in titanium slag electric furnace, except edge is reinforced, also can add material from main feed point (electrode is just to seat), alternate feed point (between electrode).
Below provide the concrete example of application exemplary embodiment of the present invention to be further described method of the present invention.
Example 1
Method of the present invention is smelted on unit 25500kVA titanium slag smelting 2# electric furnace at Flos Bombacis Malabarici titanium slag and applies.Electric stove hearth diameter 9200mm, electrode diameter 1000mm, pole heart circle 3100mm.Control according to H=1050 ± 50mm.Smelt mineral: Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate, control grade TiO
2content 74%, detection period one month.Dross layer is scrubbed because the main Problems existing of Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate smelting titanium slag is.First smelt 78% titanium slag 5 stove in order to improve original dross layer grade with Yunnan ilmenite concentrate in the detection period initial stage, the dross melting layer avoiding later stage smelting high calorie to bring comes off.There are the partially fickle condition of dross layer 3 times, without partially thick situation by Infrared survey observation in the smelting process of month.Adopt following means: reduce calcium-magnesium content with addition of 30% cloud ore deposit; First batch of material edge adds the compound totally 10 tons that ore deposit and coke proportioning are 100:20; In stove, adding coke when material is melted to about 80% in stove makes liquid level go up fast, and have a power failure cooling dross afterwards; When power transmission amount reaches 90%, in the alternate position of electrode, each reinforced 1 ton of covering; Every sub-sampling adds about 20kg coke etc. from the dross layer weak part fire door edge.After above-mentioned process, after there is the partially fickle condition of dross layer for the first time, 3 stoves recover normal; After the partially fickle condition of dross layer appears in second time, 4 stoves recover normal, and after there is the partially fickle condition of dross layer for the third time, 2 stoves recover normal.Prove that this method is safeguarding that dross layer has outstanding effect and very little to normal Influence of production in stablizing.
Example 2
The method is smelted on 3# electric furnace at Flos Bombacis Malabarici titanium slag smeltery 25500kVA titanium slag and is applied, electric stove hearth diameter 9800mm, electrode diameter 1000mm, pole heart circle 3100mm.According to H=d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2 formulae discovery show that better dross layer thickness should control at 1350mm.Smelt mineral: Yunnan ilmenite concentrate+Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate pelletizing, control grade TiO
2content 74%, detection period one month.Early stage does not do higher-grade dross layer replacement work, and the partially thick situation of dross layer 1 time appears in the detection initial stage.Employing means: what (1) control was smelted crosses heat, and ton material power consumption controls about 1.5; (2) reduce into furnace charge carbon mixing than to 100:10, control to come out of the stove grade TiO
2content 73%; (3) single stove adds CaO, controls within 1 ton, reduces molten bath viscosity and strengthens scrubbing dross layer.Recover normal by above means dross layer 2 stove.Observing dross layer situation in time in smelting process and take corresponding adjustment means timely according to its variation tendency, there are not obvious dross layer abnormal conditions in the later stage.
In sum, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method of the present invention gives the thickness range of good dross layer; And judge to propose the dross layer maintenance service crossed at the blocked up and dross layer of dross layer in thin two kinds of situations in conjunction with dross layer thickness, reach into charge composition, feed way, power transmission system, the artificial mode such as dross and/or raw material control the object well safeguarding dross layer by adjusting, make dross layer remain at good thickness range, thus improve every economic and technical norms of smelting titanium slag with electric stove.Compared with conventional art, method of the present invention comprises following advantage: 1, in conjunction with dross mechanism, the factors such as titanium slag electric furnace structure and electric furnace heat distribution situation of titanium slag electrosmelting, give thickness H=(0.8-1.2) × (d of good dross layer
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).It should be noted that, the dross layer thickness H that the present invention provides is suitable for conventional titanium slag electric furnace, is specially adapted to large-scale titanium slag electric furnace, is not suitable for small-sized uncovered electric furnace with low hood; 2, process means accordingly for different dross layer situations various, can select according to practical situation and field condition; 3, simple to operate, do not affect normal production.
Although describe the present invention in conjunction with exemplary embodiment above, those of ordinary skill in the art should be clear, when not departing from the spirit and scope of claim, can carry out various amendment to above-described embodiment.
Claims (4)
1. a titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method, is characterized in that, the dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace controls in the scope of the thickness H in formula 1 by described dross layer maintaining method, and formula 1 is H=(0.8 ~ 1.2) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2), wherein, d
1for electric furnace electrode diameter, d
2for the Ji Xin garden of electric furnace, d
3for furnace diameter, and, described dross layer maintaining method also comprises the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to measurement in real time, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is greater than thickness H, reduction processing is carried out to dross layer, when the actual (real) thickness of dross layer is less than thickness H, process is thickened to dross layer, wherein
Described reduction processing is realized at least one item in means (3) by means (1), wherein, means (1) for smelting ton material power consumption is controlled in feeding quantity × 1.3 ~ 1.6MWh/t, with improve smelting cross heat; Means (2) for reducing into furnace charge carbon mixing ratio, to increase slag fluidity; Means (3) for add CaO in electric furnace, and the add-on of control CaO account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be no more than 10%;
Describedly thicken process and realized at least one item in means (10) by means (4), wherein, means (4) be control all enter in stove material the mass percentage sum of MgO and CaO be no more than 3%; Means (5) are for controlling overheated coefficient as being more than or equal to 1 and being less than 1.3; Means (6) for add material to burner hearth edge, and improve material added by burner hearth edge join carbon ratio; Means (7) for add carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag in stove in electric furnace in material melting process, have a power failure cooling dross subsequently; Means (8) are added carbonaceous reducing agent, to improve splashing dross to the dross layer weak part in edge after having gone out slag iron or in smelting process; Namely above molten bath, add partial material after means (9) material in stove melts completely to form thin material tectum, make heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer; Means (10) smelt the titanium slag of 3 ~ 5 stoves more of high grade than the titanium slag of current heat 3 ~ 7% in follow-up heat.
2. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described means (6) for added by burner hearth edge the carbon ratio of joining of material be increased to ilmenite concentrate: reductive agent=100:15 ~ 20.
3. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described means (7) are material melting 70 ~ 90wt% in stove, adds carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag in electric furnace.
4. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the partial material in described means (9) account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be 3 ~ 8%.
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| CN115341108B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-12-12 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Maintenance method for slag layer of electric furnace |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101348845A (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-01-21 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for smelting titanium slag with electric stove |
| CN103820600A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for adhering slag onto electric furnace for smelting titanium slag |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101348845A (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-01-21 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for smelting titanium slag with electric stove |
| CN103820600A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for adhering slag onto electric furnace for smelting titanium slag |
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