CN104087697A - Method for maintaining slag adhering layer of titanium slag smelting electric furnace - Google Patents
Method for maintaining slag adhering layer of titanium slag smelting electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for maintaining a slag adhering layer of a titanium slag smelting electric furnace. The method for maintaining the slag adhering layer of the titanium slag smelting electric furnace comprises that the actual thickness H of the slag adhering layer in the electric furnace is controlled to be (0.8-1.2)*(d3/2-2*d1-d2/2). The method for maintaining the slag adhering layer of the titanium slag smelting electric furnace also comprises a step of measuring the actual thickness of the slag adhering layer in real time, the slag adhering layer is thinned under the condition that the actual thickness of the slag adhering layer is more than H, and the slag adhering layer is thickened under the condition that the actual thickness of the slag adhering layer is less than H. The method for maintaining the slag adhering layer of the titanium slag smelting electric furnace has the beneficial effects that thickness H of a good slag adhering layer is given by combining factors such as slag adhering mechanism in smelting of the titanium slag smelting electric furnace, structure of the titanium slag smelting electric furnace and heat distribution condition of the titanium slag smelting electric furnace; means corresponding to different slag adhering layer conditions are flexible and diversified and can be selected according to the actual situation and field conditions; operation is simple, normal production is not influenced; the slag adhering layer can be in an optimal thickness range for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to titanium slag technical field of smelting, specifically, relate to and a kind ofly can safeguard the method in appropriate thickness that is formed at the dross layer on electric furnace inwall in titanium slag smelting process.
Background technology
Conventionally, titanium slag electric furnace is the visual plant that forms titanium slag (for example, titanium slag, common titanium slag etc.) containing titanium ore for smelting.The maintenance of titanium slag electric furnace dross layer is smelted and is had vital effect titanium slag.
At present, dross layer is safeguarded more employing empirical data, and maintenance effects is poor.The quality of dross layer is directly connected to the technico-economical comparison that titanium slag is smelted, dross layer is crossed thin lining erosion, the burner hearth of easily causing and is become the position reduction of tapping a blast furnace of slagging tap greatly, cause that the quantity of slag is on the low side, tapping temperature is crossed high situation, even cause structure deteriorate, dross layer is blocked up easily cause the long-term run at high level of electrode, the bed of material thick, affect material effect and cause power consumption to increase.Good dross layer can ensure good thermo-efficiency, prevents lining erosion, reduces industrial accident, reduces power consumption, save production cost.
The patent documentation that publication number is CN103820600A provides a kind of dross layer maintaining method of smelting titanium slag with electric stove, the method comprises: the low carbon ratio of joining that the proportioning that adopts furnace charge and coke is 100:10 forms molten bath fast, control FeO >=15% in slag, control titanium slag liquid level temperature >=1720 DEG C; On the section top, molten bath forming, criticize and add coke according to 100～200Kg/, the electrode position 300～1000mm that will go up, drops to while adding coke front position and again adds coke until electrode position, repeats 2～3 times; In molten bath section, in the edge in molten bath, adopt feeding raw materials from more than one places; Molten bath with cinder notch and the just right position of iron mouth, adopting increases by 3%～4% mixed carbon comtent than normal coke mixed carbon comtent and adds coke; At other feed location place, edge, adopt than the mixed carbon comtent of normal coke mixed carbon comtent increase by 2%～3% and add coke, wherein, the proportioning that normal coke mixed carbon comtent is furnace charge and coke is 100:12; Voltage≤the 320V of power transmission; The strict tapping temperature of controlling; Shorten the refining time that under later stage high temperature, grade is adjusted.But the method fails to provide the appropriate one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of dross layer, and can not carry out accommodation according to the variation in thickness of dross layer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve at least one in prior art above shortcomings.
For example, one of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that can make titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintain appropriate thickness.
The invention provides a kind of titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method.Described dross layer maintaining method is controlled at the dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace in the scope of the thickness H in formula 1, and formula 1 is H=(0.8-1.2) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2), wherein, d
1for electric furnace electrode diameter, d
2for electric furnace Ji Xin garden, d
3for furnace diameter.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described dross layer maintaining method also can comprise the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to real-time measurement, be greater than thickness H at the actual (real) thickness of dross layer, dross layer is carried out to reduction processing, be less than thickness H at the actual (real) thickness of dross layer, dross layer is thickened to processing.Wherein, described reduction processing realizes by means (1) at least one item in means (3), and wherein, means (1) are for being controlled at feeding quantity × 1.3～1.6MWh/t by a smelting ton material power consumption, to improve the heat of crossing of smelting; Means (2) are for reducing into furnace charge carbon mixing ratio, to increase slag fluidity; Means (3) are for to add CaO in electric furnace, and the add-on of controlling CaO account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be no more than 10%.Described thicken to process by means (4) realize at least one in means (10), wherein, means (4) enter the quality percentage composition sum of MgO and CaO in stove material and are no more than 3% for control is all; Means (5) for by overheated coefficient control for being more than or equal to 1 and be less than 1.3; Means (6) are for to add material to burner hearth edge, and improve the carbon ratio of joining that place, burner hearth edge adds material; Means (7) for to add carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag in material melting process in stove in electric furnace, and cooling dross subsequently has a power failure; Means (8) are for adding carbonaceous reducing agent at the dross layer weak part having gone out after slag iron or in smelting process in edge, to improve the dross of splashing; Means (9) material in stove adds partial material to form thin material tectum after melting completely above molten bath, makes heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer; Means (10) are smelted 3～5 stoves than the titanium slag of the titanium slag of current heat of high grade 3～7% in follow-up heat.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises: in conjunction with factors such as dross mechanism, titanium slag electric furnace structure and the electric furnace heat distribution situations of titanium slag electrosmelting, provided thickness H=(0.8-1.2) × (d of good dross layer
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2); Process accordingly means for different dross layer situations various, can select according to practical situation and field condition; Simple to operate, do not affect normal production; Can make dross layer maintain for a long time preferred thickness range.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, describe titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method of the present invention in detail in connection with exemplary embodiment.
In the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method is controlled at the dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace in the scope of the thickness H in formula 1 all the time, and formula 1 is H=(0.8-1.2) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2), wherein, d
1for electric furnace electrode diameter, d
2for electric furnace Ji Xin garden, d
3for furnace diameter.Preferably, H=(0.9-1.1) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).By the gauge control of dross layer in the scope of thickness H, can obtain good dross layer, reach good dross layer maintenance effects, be conducive to obtain such as good thermo-efficiency, prevent lining erosion, reduce industrial accident, reduce power consumption, texts saves production cost.
In the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method also can comprise the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to real-time measurement on the basis of above-mentioned the first exemplary embodiment.For example, after every heat has been smelted, detect the actual (real) thickness of dross layer.The actual (real) thickness of dross layer can adopt Infrared survey instrument to measure.And the thickness that records at dross layer is greater than thickness H, and dross layer is carried out to reduction processing, is less than thickness H at the actual (real) thickness of dross layer, and dross layer is thickened to processing.
Specifically, reduction processing can realize by means (1) at least one item in means (3) below.Wherein, means (1) are for smelting ton material power consumption is controlled to feeding quantity × 1.3～1.6MWh/t, and (being preferably feeding quantity × 1.4～1.55MWh/t), to improve the heat of crossing of smelting.Means (2) (are for example joined carbon ratio for reducing into stove material, the carbon ratio of joining that enters stove material is reduced to 10%～30%, for example, when normal ratio of components is ilmenite concentrate: when reductive agent=100:11～the 13, reduction can be ilmenite concentrate after joining carbon ratio: reductive agent=100:8～10), to increase slag fluidity.Means (3) are for to add CaO in electric furnace, and the add-on of controlling CaO account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be no more than 10%.All enter stove material refer to the whole materials that add in electric furnace in single heat.
Described thicken to process by means (4) at least one item in means (10) realize.Wherein, means (4) for control all enter in stove material the quality percentage composition sum of MgO and CaO be no more than 3%.Means (5) for by overheated coefficient control for being more than or equal to 1 and be less than 1.3.Means (6) are for to add material to burner hearth edge, and improve the carbon ratio of joining that place, burner hearth edge adds material.The carbon ratio of joining that preferably, place, burner hearth edge can be added to material is increased to ilmenite concentrate: reductive agent=100:15～20.Means (7) for example, for to add carbonaceous reducing agent (, coke) making foamed slag in material melting process in stove in electric furnace, and cooling dross subsequently has a power failure.Preferably, in stove material melting when 70～90wt%, in electric furnace, add carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag.Means (8) are for adding carbonaceous reducing agent at the dross layer weak part having gone out after slag iron or in smelting process in edge, to improve the dross of splashing.Means (9) material in stove adds partial material to form thin material tectum after melting completely above molten bath, makes heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer.Preferably, be used to form the tectal partial material of thin material account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be 3～8%.Means (10) are smelted 3～5 stoves than the titanium slag of the titanium slag of current heat of high grade 3～7% in follow-up heat.
In the 3rd exemplary embodiment of the present invention, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method realized in the following way.
According to electric furnace electrode diameter d
1he Jixin garden d
2, furnace diameter d
3determine rational dross layer thickness benchmark.Smelting titanium slag with electric stove is because the layout in electrode diameter He Jixin garden all exists hot-zone and the cold-zone in stove, is reinforcedly positioned at hot-zone material melting fast response is fast, and cold-zone material melts and even forms slowly bridging phenomenon and affect whole stove material.Contriver designs better dross layer thickness at edge, electric furnace cold-zone, and the theoretical travel path according to heat energy in electric furnace draws better dross layer thickness H=(0.8-1.2) × (d of electric furnace simultaneously in conjunction with existing titanium slag electric furnace practical situation
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).The dross layer thickness that this method obtains has all been obtained good metallurgical effect in being controlled at and repeatedly implementing.Under normal circumstances, H is not less than zero.If calculation result H is negative value, should considers to reduce power transmission load and avoid causing stove to claim damage.
Dross layer thickness can carry out actual measurement by Infrared survey instrument.
Dross layer adopts following means to control when blocked up: (1) rationally improves the heat of crossing of smelting, and overheated coefficient is controlled at 1.3～1.6 left and right; (2) reduce into furnace charge carbon mixing than increasing slag fluidity; (3) suitably add CaO, the per-cent that stove total amount accounts for all feed stock for blast furnace total amounts that enters of controlling CaO is no more than 10%, reduces molten bath viscosity and strengthens scrubbing dross layer.
When mensuration dross layer is partially thin, can take following measures: (1) is controlled into the MgO of furnace charge, CaO total amount and is no more than 3%, reduce scrubbing dross layer; (2) control and smelt overheated coefficient in 1.0～1.3 left and right; (3) take edge feed in raw material or manually get rid of and expect to burner hearth edge from porthole, require to improve the reinforced proportioning in edge according to refining cinder grade (" normally joining carbon ratio " refers to the suitable carbon ratio of joining of smelting corresponding grade titanium slag higher than normally joining carbon ratio simultaneously, it can be determined according to charge composition, smelting condition, titanium slag grade etc. conventionally, for example, Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate is smelted 74% grade acid-dissolved titanium slag, normal ratio of components can be ilmenite concentrate: reductive agent=100:11～13) 5 some left and right, make the edge formation dross of splashing; (4) take artificially to manufacture foamy slag, quick cooling dross mode, in stove, material goes up by liquid level to adding coke in stove while being melted to 80% left and right fast, and cooling dross afterwards has a power failure; (5) taked out after slag iron, edge weak part manually adds coke and adds coke midway and combine with smelting, and improves the dross of splashing; (6) taking the thin bed of material to cover smelts, make heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer, for example, (material in stove (being to add material in stove) adds a small amount of compound after melting completely, normally add material in stove for example, ilmenite concentrate is with addition of nut coke, and proportioning is by normal proportioning), to form thin material tectum, cause loss thereby avoid heat to be passed to dross layer along slag surface; (7) artificial 3～5 stoves of deliberately smelting, higher than normal grade 5% left and right titanium slag, make dross layer form higher-grade dross, reduce its fusion loss.
In this example, in primary smelting process, can there is reinforced process 3～6 times in titanium slag electric furnace, except edge is reinforced, also can add material from main feed point (electrode is just to seat), alternate feed point (between electrode).
Below provide the concrete example of application exemplary embodiment of the present invention so that method of the present invention is further described.
Example 1
Method of the present invention is smelted on the 25500kVA of unit titanium slag smelting 2# electric furnace and applied at Flos Bombacis Malabarici titanium slag.Electric stove hearth diameter 9200mm, electrode diameter 1000mm, utmost point heart circle 3100mm.Control according to H=1050 ± 50mm.Smelt mineral: Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate, control grade TiO
2content 74%, detection period one month.The problem mainly existing due to Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate smelting titanium slag is scrubs dross layer.First smelt 78% titanium slag 5 stoves in order to improve original dross layer grade with Yunnan ilmenite concentrate in the detection period initial stage, the dross melting layer of avoiding later stage smelting high calorie to bring comes off.In the smelting process of month, observe and occur the partially fickle condition of dross layer 3 times by Infrared survey, without partially thick situation.Adopt following means: reduce calcium-magnesium content with addition of 30% cloud ore deposit; The first batch of material edge adds totally 10 tons of the compounds that ore deposit and coke proportioning are 100:20; In stove, material goes up by liquid level to adding coke in stove while being melted to 80% left and right fast, and cooling dross afterwards has a power failure; When power transmission amount reaches 90%, in the alternate position of electrode, each reinforced 1 ton of covering; The dross layer weak part of every sub-sampling from fire door edge adds about 20kg coke etc.After above-mentioned processing, occur for the first time after the partially fickle condition of dross layer, it is normal that 3 stoves recover; Occur for the second time after the partially fickle condition of dross layer, it is normal that 4 stoves recover, and occurs for the third time after the partially fickle condition of dross layer, and it is normal that 2 stoves recover.Proof this method is safeguarding that dross layer has outstanding effect and very little to normal Influence of production aspect stable.
Example 2
The method is smelted on 3# electric furnace and is applied at the Flos Bombacis Malabarici titanium slag 25500kVA of smeltery titanium slag, electric stove hearth diameter 9800mm, electrode diameter 1000mm, utmost point heart circle 3100mm.According to H=d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2 formula calculate better dross layer thickness should be controlled at 1350mm.Smelt mineral: Yunnan ilmenite concentrate+Flos Bombacis Malabarici ilmenite concentrate pelletizing, control grade TiO
2content 74%, detection period one month.Do not do higher-grade dross layer replacement work early stage, and the partially thick situation of dross layer 1 time appears in the detection initial stage.Employing means: (1) controls the heat of crossing of smelting, ton material power consumption is controlled at 1.5 left and right; (2) reduce into furnace charge carbon mixing and compare to 100:10, control the grade TiO that comes out of the stove
2content 73%; (3) single stove adds CaO, is controlled in 1 ton, reduces molten bath viscosity and strengthens scrubbing dross layer.Recover normal by above means dross layer 2 stove.Observing in time dross layer situation in smelting process and taked timely corresponding adjustment means according to its variation tendency, there are not obvious dross layer abnormal conditions in the later stage.
In sum, titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method of the present invention provided the thickness range of good dross layer; And propose and dross layer blocked up at dross layer in conjunction with dross layer thickness judgement and crossed the dross layer maintenance service in thin two kinds of situations, reach the good object of safeguarding dross layer by adjusting into modes such as charge composition, feed way, power transmission system, artificial dross and/or raw material controls, make dross layer remain at good thickness range, thereby improve every economic and technical norms of smelting titanium slag with electric stove.Compared with conventional art, method of the present invention comprises following advantage: 1, in conjunction with factors such as dross mechanism, titanium slag electric furnace structure and the electric furnace heat distribution situations of titanium slag electrosmelting, provided thickness H=(0.8-1.2) × (d of good dross layer
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2).It should be noted that, the dross layer thickness H that the present invention provides is suitable for conventional titanium slag electric furnace, is specially adapted to large-scale titanium slag electric furnace, is not suitable for small-sized uncovered electric furnace with low hood; 2, process accordingly means for different dross layer situations various, can select according to practical situation and field condition; 3, simple to operate, do not affect normal production.
Although described the present invention in conjunction with exemplary embodiment above, those of ordinary skill in the art should be clear, in the case of not departing from the spirit and scope of claim, can carry out various amendments to above-described embodiment.
Claims (5)
1. a titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method, is characterized in that, described dross layer maintaining method is controlled at the dross layer actual (real) thickness in electric furnace in the scope of the thickness H in formula 1, and formula 1 is H=(0.8-1.2) × (d
3/ 2-2 × d
1-d
2/ 2), wherein, d
1for electric furnace electrode diameter, d
2for electric furnace Ji Xin garden, d
3for furnace diameter.
2. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dross layer maintaining method also comprises the step of the actual (real) thickness of dross layer being carried out to real-time measurement, be greater than thickness H at the actual (real) thickness of dross layer, dross layer is carried out to reduction processing, be less than thickness H at the actual (real) thickness of dross layer, dross layer is thickened to processing, wherein
Described reduction processing realizes by means (1) at least one item in means (3), and wherein, means (1) are for being controlled at feeding quantity × 1.3～1.6MWh/t by a smelting ton material power consumption, to improve the heat of crossing of smelting; Means (2) are for reducing into furnace charge carbon mixing ratio, to increase slag fluidity; Means (3) are for to add CaO in electric furnace, and the add-on of controlling CaO account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be no more than 10%;
Described thicken to process by means (4) realize at least one in means (10), wherein, means (4) enter the quality percentage composition sum of MgO and CaO in stove material and are no more than 3% for control is all; Means (5) for by overheated coefficient control for being more than or equal to 1 and be less than 1.3; Means (6) are for to add material to burner hearth edge, and improve the carbon ratio of joining that place, burner hearth edge adds material; Means (7) for to add carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag in material melting process in stove in electric furnace, and cooling dross subsequently has a power failure; Means (8) are for adding carbonaceous reducing agent at the dross layer weak part having gone out after slag iron or in smelting process in edge, to improve the dross of splashing; Means (9) material in stove adds partial material to form thin material tectum after melting completely above molten bath, makes heat form downward transmission loop and reduce scrubbing of edge dross layer; Means (10) are smelted 3～5 stoves than the titanium slag of the titanium slag of current heat of high grade 3～7% in follow-up heat.
3. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described means (6) are increased to ilmenite concentrate for the carbon ratio of joining that place, burner hearth edge is added to material: reductive agent=100:15～20.
4. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described means (7) be in stove material melting when 70～90wt%, in electric furnace, add carbonaceous reducing agent making foamed slag.
5. titanium slag electric furnace dross layer maintaining method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the partial material in described means (9) account for all enter the mass percent of stove material total amount be 3～8%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106929631A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-07 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | The dross method that high-titanium blast furnace slag carbonization is smelted |
| CN115341108A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Maintenance method for slag layer of electric furnace |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101348845A (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-01-21 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for smelting titanium slag in electric furnace |
| CN103820600A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for adhering slag onto electric furnace for smelting titanium slag |
-
2014
- 2014-07-04 CN CN201410320384.5A patent/CN104087697B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101348845A (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-01-21 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for smelting titanium slag in electric furnace |
| CN103820600A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Method for adhering slag onto electric furnace for smelting titanium slag |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106929631A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-07 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | The dross method that high-titanium blast furnace slag carbonization is smelted |
| CN115341108A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Maintenance method for slag layer of electric furnace |
| CN115341108B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-12-12 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Maintenance method for slag layer of electric furnace |
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