CN104076299B - Fault detection device and method for ship navigation lights - Google Patents
Fault detection device and method for ship navigation lights Download PDFInfo
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- CN104076299B CN104076299B CN201410259118.6A CN201410259118A CN104076299B CN 104076299 B CN104076299 B CN 104076299B CN 201410259118 A CN201410259118 A CN 201410259118A CN 104076299 B CN104076299 B CN 104076299B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault detection device and method for ship navigation lights. The fault detection device comprises a multiplexer comprising a plurality of sets of switches, a signal generator, an operation amplifier and a sampling resistor connected in a loop of the navigation lights. The two ends of the sampling resistor are respectively connected with two channels in two groups of the multiplexer through current-limiting resistors, and the channels connected with one end of the sampling resistor and the channels connected with the other end of the sampling resistor correspond in a one-to-one mode and are connected at the same time. The common ports of the two channels, connected with the sampling resistor, of the multiplexer are connected with the two input ends of the operation amplifier respectively, so that the multiplexer transmits signals at the two ends of the sampling resistor to the two input ends of the operation amplifier respectively. The output end of the signal generator is connected with the address end of the multiplexer to control gating of each channel of the multiplexer. The fault detection device and method can be used for detecting faults of the alternating current navigation light and the direct current navigation light, and have the advantages of being high in accuracy and safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of safety of ship technical field of lighting fixtures, particularly to a kind of ship navigation lamp event
Barrier detection device and method.
Background technology
Ship navigation lamp be boats and ships night or sighting distance bad time in order to represent self-position and the direction of motion, it is simple to
The signal lights dodge mutually, identified.Navigation lights is the visual plant of marine operation safety, is mutual between boats and ships
Distinguish the dynamic important symbol of navigation mutually, be the important evidence determining to take Anti-collision Actions.Thus it is guaranteed that boat
It is highly important that portable lighter reliablely and stablely works, and once navigation lights breaks down and will cause around or passing
Boats and ships are misunderstood, and are likely to result in unnecessary personal damage and property loss, so must be in driver's cabin or control
Room processed can be monitored the working condition of each road naval light at any time, can be in time when navigation lights breaks down
It is detected reliably, to notify that operator take measures to avoid affecting the normal/cruise of boats and ships in time.Cause
This, it is necessary to there is a kind of detection device of lamp failure reliably independently each navigation lights can be carried out real time operation
Status monitoring, rear class equipment, driver's cabin or control room can be output signals to reliably when a failure occurs it so that
Take corresponding measure.
Traditional ship navigation lamp, uses Control, by navigation lights and relay and driver's cabin
Display lamp is connected, if so navigation lights breaks down, then the display lamp in driver's cabin changes accordingly,
Thus indicate the state of navigation lights.But can make during this control mode not only navigation lights itself fail
Obtain display lamp to change, and the fault of circuit relay electrical equipment and display lamp also can make display lamp generation phase
Should change, the accuracy of the most this traditional approach detection is the highest.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is that the shortcoming overcoming prior art is with not enough, it is provided that a kind of accuracy is high
Ship navigation lamp failure detector, and this device both can be suitably used for alternating current navigation lights, can be suitably used for
Unidirectional current navigation lights.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ship realized by above-mentioned ship navigation lamp failure detector
Oceangoing ship navigation lights fault detection method.
The first object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of ship navigation lamp failure detector,
Including including multiplexer, signal generator, the operational amplifier of many group switches and being connected to navigation lights
Sample resistance in loop；
Described sample resistance two ends are connected by the wherein passage in two groups of current-limiting resistance and multiplexer,
Wherein the two ends of sample resistance are all connected with two paths by current-limiting resistance, and it is logical that sample resistance one end is connected
The passage one_to_one corresponding that road is connected with the other end simultaneously turns on；Wherein sample resistance two ends are simultaneously turned on
Wherein two paths is defined as pair of channels, and the passage that additionally two-way simultaneously turns on is defined as second pair of passage；
The concatenation operation respectively of the common port of two groups of passages that described multiplexer is connected with sample resistance is amplified
Two inputs of device, to be transferred to fortune respectively by described multiplexer by the signal at sample resistance two ends
Calculate two inputs of amplifier；
The outfan of described signal generator is connected with the address end of multiplexer, for controlling first to logical
Road and the gating of second pair of passage.
Preferably, described multiplexer is double four-way imitating switch, including two group of four paths, is respectively
1Y group and 2Y group；
First end of sample resistance by current-limiting resistance respectively with a-road-through road and 2Y Zu mono-tunnel of 1Y group
Passage connects；Second end of described sample resistance by current-limiting resistance respectively with a-road-through road and the 2Y of 1Y group
The a-road-through road of group connects；
The a-road-through of the 2Y group that the a-road-through road of the 1Y group that the first end of sample resistance connects and the second end connect
Road simultaneously turns on, and this two paths is defined as the pair of channels of sample resistance；First end of sample resistance
The a-road-through road of the 1Y group that the a-road-through road of the 2Y group connected and the second end connect simultaneously turns on, and is led to by this two-way
Road is defined as second pair of passage of sample resistance；
1Y group four paths of described double four-way imitating switch and the common port of 2Y group four paths respectively with fortune
Two inputs calculating amplifier connect.
Further, described double four-way imitating switch is CD4052 chip.
Preferably, the outfan of described signal generator passes sequentially through the second optocoupler and toggle switch with multichannel again
Connect with the address end of device；By toggle switch by low level signal, high level signal or signal generator
The square-wave signal produced sends the address end of multiplexer to, to control the connection of each passage of multiplexer.
Described signal generator is mainly made up of TL555C chip, and described second optocoupler is TLP185 chip.
Preferably, between input forward end and the backward end of described operational amplifier, connection has an electric capacity, institute
The input forward end stating operational amplifier connects big negative power end by the biasing resistor of 8.2M Ω；Described computing is put
The outfan of big device connects the first optocoupler；Described operational amplifier is OP07C chip, described first optocoupler
For TLP185 chip.
Preferably, being connected to the sample resistance in navigation lights loop described in is one section of snakelike cabling on pcb board.
The second object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of ship navigation lamp fault detection method,
Step is as follows:
S1, first determine whether it ship navigation lamp loop is alternating current or unidirectional current；
If alternating current, then enter step S2；
If unidirectional current, then enter step S3；
S2, according to the annexation of passage in sample resistance two ends and multiplexer, determine multiplexer
The control signal of address end, makes the pair of channels of sample resistance or second pair of channel conductive；Then by the
Pair of channels or the second pair of passage two that the signal at sample resistance two ends is respectively transmitted to operational amplifier are defeated
Enter end；Enter step S4；
S3, according to the annexation of passage in sample resistance two ends and multiplexer, determine multiplexer
The control signal of address end, makes the pair of channels of sample resistance and second pair of passage alternate conduction, then leads to
Cross pair of channels and second pair of passage is transferred to operation amplifier by what the signal at sample resistance two ends replaced respectively
In two inputs of device；Enter step S4；
S4, signal according to operational amplifier output terminal judge whether navigation lights breaks down；
If the square-wave signal of outfan one low and high level checker of output of operational amplifier, then it represents that boat
Portable lighter normal operation, does not breaks down；
If operational amplifier output terminal exports one and is always low level signal, then it represents that navigation lights runs not
Normally, navigation lights breaks down.
Preferably, described multiplexer is double four-way imitating switch CD4052 chip, leads to including Liang Zu tetra-tunnel
Road, respectively 1Y group and 2Y group；Wherein four paths of 1Y group be respectively 1Y0,1Y1,1Y2 and
1Y3, corresponding the 12nd of CD4052 chip, 14,15 and 11 pins；Four paths of 2Y group are respectively
2Y0 group, 2Y1,2Y2 and 2Y3, corresponding the 1st of CD4052 chip, 5,2 and 4 pins；CD4052
Two address ends of chip are respectively S1 and S0, the 9th and 10 pins of corresponding CD4052 chip；
First end of sample resistance is connected with 1Y0 passage and 2Y1 passage respectively by current-limiting resistance, the second end
It is connected with 1Y1 passage and the 2Y0 group passage of CD4052 chip respectively by current-limiting resistance；1Y0 passage and
2Y0 group passage is the pair of channels of sample resistance, and 1Y1 passage and 2Y1 passage are the second of sample resistance
To passage；
When navigation lights loop is alternating current, in described step S2 by CD4052 chip address end S1 and
S0 is all set to low level or CD4052 chip address end S1 and S0 correspondence respectively is set to low level and height
Level；When CD4052 chip address end S1 and S0 is all set to low level, first pair of channel conductive, take
The signal of the first end of sample resistance is by the first input end of 1Y0 channel transfer to operational amplifier, sampling electricity
The signal of the second end of resistance is by the second input of 2Y0 group channel transfer to operational amplifier；Work as CD4052
When chip address end S1 and S0 is respectively low level and high level, second pair of channel conductive, sample resistance
The signal of the first end is by the second input of 2Y1 channel transfer to operational amplifier, the first of sample resistance
The signal of end is by the first input end of 1Y1 channel transfer to operational amplifier；
When navigation lights loop is unidirectional current, CD4052 chip address end S1 is by described step S2
Low level, by signal generator input square-wave signal to address end S0, when address end S0 is low level,
First pair of channel conductive, the first end signal of sample resistance is by the of 1Y0 channel transfer to operational amplifier
One input, the second end signal of sample resistance is defeated by the second of 2Y0 group channel transfer to operational amplifier
Enter end；When address end S0 is high level, second pair of channel conductive, the first end signal of sample resistance passes through
2Y1 channel transfer passes through 1Y1 to the second input of operational amplifier, the second end signal of sample resistance
Group channel transfer is to the first input end of operational amplifier；By the square-wave signal of address end S0, will sampling electricity
The signal at resistance two ends is alternately sent to two inputs of operational amplifier.
Further, described signal generator outfan is by the address end of toggle switch with CD4052 chip
S0 connects, and wherein the address end S1 of CD4052 chip connects 0V low level all the time；The 1st of toggle switch
Pin is connected with signal generator outfan, and the 2nd pin is connected with the address end S0 of CD4052 chip, the
3 pins connect high level or low level；Toggle switch action makes the 2nd pin and the 1st pin or the 3rd pin
Connection.
When navigation lights loop is alternating current, toggle switch action connection miniature slide switch the 2nd and the 3rd draws
Foot, low level signal or high level signal are sent to address end S0 by signal generator all the time so that first
To passage or second pair of channel conductive；
When navigation lights loop is unidirectional current, toggle switch action connection miniature slide switch the 1st and the 2nd draws
Foot, square-wave signal is sent to address end S0 by signal generator all the time so that pair of channels and second is to logical
Road alternate conduction.
Further, the frequency of the square wave of described signal generator output is 50HZ.
The present invention has such advantages as relative to prior art and effect:
(1) present invention uses sample resistance to extract the voltage signal in navigation lights loop, and multiple by multichannel
With device, the signal at sample resistance two ends is sent to two inputs of operational amplifier, passes through operational amplifier
Judge the voltage swing at sample resistance two ends in navigation lights loop, thus the letter exported by operational amplifier
Number determine whether navigation lights breaks down, there is the advantage that accuracy is high.
(2) ship navigation lamp failure detector of the present invention is suitable for detection exchange navigation lights and direct current simultaneously
The fault of navigation lights, when sample resistance of the present invention is by pair of channels and second pair of passage in multiplexer
When being connected with operational amplifier, in the case of alternating current, it is possible to the voltage of two ends alternate is embodied in
The outfan of operational amplifier, in the case of galvanic, can replace the voltage at sample resistance two ends
Be transferred to two inputs of operational amplifier, by sample resistance under DC case wherein one end voltage begin
Embodied by operational amplifier more than the situation of the other end eventually；Therefore the present invention can completely compatible exchange
Whether navigation lights and direct current navigation lights, export square-wave signal by operational amplifier and judge whether navigation lights goes out
Existing fault, has that accuracy of judgement degree is high and advantage intuitively.
(3) the address end of ship navigation lamp failure detector multiplexer of the present invention is by toggle switch even
Connect the outfan of signal generator, low level signal or high level signal, controlled height electricity by toggle switch
The square-wave signal that flat, low level or signal generator produce is input to the address end of multiplexer, with control
Apparatus of the present invention processed detect for direct current navigation lights or exchange navigation lights, and therefore the present invention can be by dialling
The action of dynamic switch makes detection device be applicable to AC or DC circuit, has easy to control, efficiently
Advantage.
(4) signal of the signal generator output of ship navigation lamp failure detector of the present invention is by the second light
Being input to the address end of multiplexer after coupling again, the signal of operational amplifier output is by after the first optical coupling
It is re-used as finally exporting, by multiplexer and signal generator being isolated after the second optocoupler, passes through
The first symplectic operational amplifier of light isolates with output, it is to avoid influence each other, and improves boats and ships boat further
The accuracy of portable lighter failure detector and safety.
(5) one section of snakelike cabling on the sample resistance pcb board of ship navigation lamp failure detector of the present invention,
Without using extra resistance, and snakelike cabling mode can be used to increase copper cash when carrying out PCB layout
Length, controls the size of sampling resistor, the advantage with simple in construction.
(6) positive input of ship navigation lamp failure detector operational amplifier of the present invention passes through one
The resistance of 8.2M Ω is connected to negative power end, so that detection device is when first energising or navigation lights are not enabled on,
Compensation deals to two input self offset voltages of operational amplifier, namely make operational amplifier
Positive input superposition all the time one is more than the voltage of offset voltage, it is ensured that positive input is consistently greater than reversely
Input, it is to avoid random phenomenon now occurs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of ship navigation lamp failure detector of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is ship navigation lamp failure detector circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of signal generator part in ship navigation lamp failure detector of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of ship navigation lamp fault detection method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but the embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is not limited to this.
Embodiment
As it is shown in figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of ship navigation lamp failure detector, many including including
Multiplexer 4, signal generator 3, the operational amplifier 5 of group switch and be connected to navigation lights place circuit and return
Sample resistance 1 in road；Sample resistance 1 two ends by current-limiting resistance 2 and multiplexer 4 wherein in two groups
Passage connect, wherein the two ends of sample resistance 1 are all connected with two paths, sample resistance 1 by current-limiting resistance 2
The passage one_to_one corresponding that the passage that one end is connected is connected with the other end simultaneously turns on；Wherein by sample resistance 1
The wherein two paths that two ends simultaneously turn on is defined as pair of channels, and the passage that additionally two-way simultaneously turns on is fixed
Justice is second pair of passage；The common port of two groups of passages that multiplexer 4 is connected with sample resistance 1 connects respectively
Connect two inputs of operational amplifier, with by described multiplexer respectively by the letter at sample resistance two ends
Number it is transferred to two inputs of operational amplifier；
The outfan of signal generator 3 passes sequentially through the second optocoupler 8 and miniature slide switch 7 and multiplexer 4
Address end connect, for controlling the connection of each passage of multiplexer 4.
Wherein the sample resistance of the present embodiment is one section of snakelike cabling on pcb board, adopts when carrying out PCB layout
Copper cash length is increased with snakelike cabling mode.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the multiplexer used in the present embodiment is double four-way imitating switch CD4052
Chip, including two group of four paths, respectively 1Y group and 2Y group；Wherein four paths of 1Y group are respectively
For 1Y0,1Y1,1Y2 and 1Y3, corresponding the 12nd of CD4052 chip, 14,15 and 11 pins；2Y
Four paths of group are respectively 2Y0 group, 2Y1,2Y2 and 2Y3, corresponding the 1st of CD4052 chip, 5,
2 and 4 pins.The wherein corresponding 12nd pin 1Z of the common port of 1Y group four paths, 2Y group four paths
The corresponding 3rd pin 2Z of common port；9th pin S1 of CD4052 chip and the 10th pin S0 is address end,
The truth table of this chip is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
In the present embodiment the first end of sample resistance by the current-limiting resistance R5 of 1K Ω respectively with the one of 1Y group
The a-road-through road 2Y1 of paths 1Y0 and 2Y group connects；Second end of the sample resistance limit by 1K Ω
Leakage resistance R6 is connected with the a-road-through road 1Y1 of 1Y group and the a-road-through road 2Y0 group of 2Y group respectively；Take
The a-road-through road of the 2Y group that the a-road-through road 1Y0 of the 1Y group that the first end of sample resistance connects and the second end connect
2Y0 group simultaneously turns on, and this two paths is defined as the pair of channels of sample resistance；The of sample resistance
The a-road-through road 1Y1 of the 1Y group that the a-road-through road 2Y1 of the 2Y group that one end connects and the second end connect leads simultaneously
Logical, this two paths is defined as second pair of passage of sample resistance；And the CD4052 chip of the present embodiment
Address end S1 is set to low level all the time, can lead with the pair of channels and second pair of passage ensureing the present embodiment
Logical.Certainly the present embodiment can be from 1Y0 and 2Y0,1Y1 and 2Y1,1Y2 and 2Y2 and 1Y3 and 2Y3
In optional two pairs of passages as the pair of channels of sample circuit and second pair of passage；Such as select 1Y0 and 2Y0
As pair of channels, 1Y2 and 2Y2 is as second channel, and now the first end of sample resistance passes through current limliting
Resistance via 1Y0 and 2Y2 connects；Second end is connected with 1Y2 and 2Y0 group by current-limiting resistance；Logical
Cross CD4052 chip address end control respective channel to turn on.
The common port 1Z of 1Y group four paths and the common port 2Z of 2Y group four paths respectively with operation amplifier
The first input end of device and the second input connect.The wherein first input end of operational amplifier in the present embodiment
For reverse input end, the second input is positive input.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the operational amplifier of the present embodiment is OP07C chip, and the input of OP07C chip is just
Having a 0.1 μ F anti-impulse disturbances electric capacity 11 to connecting between end and backward end, this electric capacity C11 is used for anti-pulse
Interference.Additionally the input forward end of OP07C chip is connected with negative power end by 8.2M Ω biasing resistor R2；
The outfan of OP07C chip connects the first optocoupler TLP185, by TLP185 pair by 1K Ω resistance R3
The signal of OP07C chip output is isolated, to obtain output signal more accurately.Wherein biasing resistor
R2 makes to detect device when first energising or navigation lights are not enabled on, to two inputs self of operational amplifier
The compensation deals of offset voltage, namely make the positive input superposition all the time of operational amplifier be more than
The voltage of offset voltage, it is ensured that positive input is consistently greater than reverse input end, it is to avoid now occur random existing
As.When navigation lights is properly functioning, as long as the electric current flowing through sample resistance is more than certain numerical value, allow for taking
The voltage of sample resistance is more than the voltage of superposition, thus normal circuit operation；Additionally this biasing resistor is multiple with multichannel
The internal resistance of the passage being strobed with device constitutes a bleeder circuit, and this resistance is added to the most greatly operation amplifier
The voltage of device positive input is the least, and the navigation lights power that namely device is able to detect that is the least, but
The voltage of final superposition can not the offset voltage of less-than operation amplifier self.
As it is shown on figure 3, the signal generator of the present embodiment is TL555C chip, the outfan of signal generator
The address end S0 passing sequentially through the second optocoupler TLP185 and miniature slide switch U2 and CD4052 chip is connected,
Control signal is provided for CD4052 chip address end.Wherein the present embodiment miniature slide switch can use simply connected
3 feet, the 1st pin is connected with the outfan of signal generator by the second optocoupler TLP185, the 3rd pin
Connecing low level or high level signal source, the 2nd pin connects the address end S0 of CD4052 chip.Miniature stir
Switch and according to switch motion, the 2nd pin and the 1st pin or the 3rd pin are connected.Certainly in the present embodiment also
Other toggle switches commonly used can be used, as duplex 6 foot comprising 6 pins in Fig. 3 is stirred
Switch the most only uses the 1st to 3 pin.
In this year embodiment, when switch motion connects miniature slide switch the 2nd and the 3rd pin, the most all the time
Low level signal or high level signal are sent to address end S0；When switch motion connects miniature slide switch
1st and the 2nd pin, the square-wave signal through the second light-coupled isolation of the 50Hz that signal generator produces passes through
Miniature slide switch is sent to address end S0.
As it is shown on figure 3, power end the 8th pin of TL555C chip is connected to power access end in the present embodiment
One group of independence DVCC5V power supply in sub-J3 is individually powered, with avoid TL555C Yu CD4052, OP07C and
Navigation lights current supply circuit produces altogether, thus improves capacity of resisting disturbance.4th pin of TL555C and the 8th pin
Connecting, the 8th pin is connected by resistance R7 and the 7th pin, and the 8th pin also passes sequentially through resistance R7 and resistance
R8 is connected with the 2nd and 6 pins respectively, and the 2nd and 6 pins of TL555C are also by tantalum electric capacity C5 ground connection, TL555C
The 5th pin by ceramic condenser C6 ground connection, the 1st pin ground connection, the 3rd i.e. outfan of pin connects the second light
Coupling TLP185；Signal signal generator exported by the second optocoupler TLP185 be input to CD4052 chip
The signal of address end the 9th pin keep apart, to improve accuracy.The additionally CD4052 in the present embodiment
It is attached to another positive and negative 8V power supply of group with the power pins of OP07C individually power, to avoid from navigation lights
The forceful electric power interference in loop is incorporated into the second optocoupler outfan.
As shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment additionally provides a kind of inspection using above-mentioned ship navigation lamp failure detector
Survey method, detecting step is as follows:
S1, first determine whether it ship navigation lamp loop is alternating current or unidirectional current；
If alternating current, then enter step S2；
If unidirectional current, then enter step S3；
S2, according to the annexation of passage in sample resistance two ends and CD4052 chip, determine double four tunnels simulations
The control signal of switch address end, makes the pair of channels of sample resistance or second pair of channel conductive；Then lead to
Cross pair of channels or the signal at sample resistance two ends is respectively transmitted to operational amplifier by second pair of passage
Two inputs of OP07C；Enter step S4；
The most in this step, low electricity all it is set to when two address end the 9th pins of CD4052 chip and the 10th pin
At ordinary times, i.e. S1S0=00, first pair of channel conductive, the signal of the first end of sample resistance is passed by 1Y0 passage
Being passed to the reverse input end of operational amplifier, the signal of the second end of sample resistance is arrived by 2Y0 group channel transfer
The positive input of operational amplifier；
In this step, when two address end the 9th pins of CD4052 chip and the 10th pin be respectively low level and
During high level, i.e. S1S0=01, second pair of channel conductive, the signal of the first end of sample resistance is led to by 2Y1
Road is transferred to the positive input of operational amplifier, and the signal of the first end of sample resistance passes through 1Y1 channel transfer
Reverse input end to operational amplifier.I.e. pass through pair of channels or second pair of passage by sample resistance two
The signal of end is input to two inputs of operational amplifier, and in this case, the control signal of address end begins
The most constant, that only pair of channels is on state.
S3, according to the annexation of passage in sample resistance two ends and double four-way imitating switch, make sample resistance
Pair of channels and second pair of passage alternate conduction, then by pair of channels and the second pair of passage respectively
By in the signal at sample resistance two ends two inputs being transferred to operational amplifier alternately；Enter step S4；
In this step, two address end the 9th pins of CD4052 chip are set to low level, i.e. S1=0 is logical
Cross signal generator input low and high level square-wave signal alternately in the 10th pin address end S0, when address end
When S0 is low level, first pair of channel conductive, the first end signal of sample resistance passes through 1Y0 channel transfer to fortune
Calculating the reverse input end of amplifier, the second end signal of sample resistance passes through 2Y0 group channel transfer to operation amplifier
The positive input of device；When address end S0 is high level, second pair of channel conductive, the first of sample resistance
End signal is led to by the positive input of 2Y1 channel transfer to operational amplifier, the second end signal of sample resistance
Cross the 1Y1 group channel transfer reverse input end to operational amplifier；By the square-wave signal of address end S0, will
The signal at sample resistance two ends is alternately sent to two inputs of operational amplifier.In this case, address
The square-wave signal that control signal is signal generator output of end S0, now pair of channels and second pair of passage
The conducting replaced along with the change of address end S0 square-wave signal so that the signal at sample resistance two ends biography alternately
Deliver in two inputs of operational amplifier.
S4, signal according to operational amplifier output terminal judge whether navigation lights breaks down；
If the square-wave signal of outfan one low and high level checker of output of operational amplifier, then it represents that boat
Portable lighter normal operation, does not breaks down；
If operational amplifier output terminal exports one and is always low level signal, then it represents that navigation lights runs not
Normally, navigation lights breaks down.
Wherein whether the detection method of the present embodiment can export low and high level side alternately by operational amplifier
Ripple signal judges whether navigation lights breaks down, and has that accuracy of judgement degree is high and advantage intuitively.Such as originally
Embodiment can connect a light emitting diode at the outfan of operational amplifier, if diode flicker, then
Represent that navigation lights is normal, otherwise can determine whether as navigation lights fault.
Wherein the operation principle of the present embodiment detection method is as follows:
When ship navigation lamp is in alternating current circuit loop, control to be 00 by CD4052 chip address end S1S0,
Making 1Y0 and the 2Y0 channel conductive being connected with sample resistance two ends, sample resistance the first end passes through 1Y0 passage
Being connected with the input backward end of operational amplifier, the second end is by the input forward of 2Y0 passage with operational amplifier
End connects；When in navigation lights loop, alternating current is normal, due to sample resistance both end voltage size alternate,
Therefore operational amplifier input forward end and the input backward end two also alternate of voltage swing then it are input to,
Export a square-wave signal, when the voltage inputting forward end is more than input backward end, the high electricity of outfan output
Flat；When the voltage inputting forward end is less than input backward end, outfan output low level.In like manner work as address
End S1S0 controls to be 01, when making 1Y1 and the 2Y1 channel conductive being connected with sample resistance two ends, and sample resistance two
The electric current of end is respectively transmitted to operational amplifier input forward end and input backward end by 1Y1 and 2Y1 passage,
Therefore when in navigation lights loop, alternating current is normal, operational amplifier output terminal output square-wave signal.This two
In the case of Zhong, when navigation lights breaks down, the electric current flowing through sample resistance in navigation lights loop is zero, now
Sample resistance both end voltage is equal, therefore by being input to the voltage of two inputs of operational amplifier by identical,
Now operational amplifier 5 carries out voltage ratio its outfan relatively rear one negative level signal of acquisition.
When the ship navigation lamp in the present embodiment is in DC circuit loop, in the present embodiment, by CD4052
Chip address end S1 is set to low level all the time, and another address end S0 is by the side of signal generator input 50HZ
Ripple signal so that the pair of channels that 1Y0,2Y0 are constituted can be handed over second pair of passage that 1Y1,2Y1 are constituted
For conducting, so that two inputs being sent to operational amplifier that the signal at sample resistance two ends is alternately；
When navigation lights normally works, the voltage of sample resistance wherein one end is consistently greater than the other end, herein such as sampling
Resistance the first terminal voltage is consistently greater than the second end, when the square wave of S0 input is low level, i.e. and 1Y0,2Y0 structure
The first pair of channel conductive become, now the signal of sample resistance the first end is sent to operational amplifier by 1Y0
Input backward end, the signal of the second end is sent to the input forward end of operational amplifier by 2Y0, and input is reversely
The voltage of end is more than the voltage of input forward end, the outfan output low level of operational amplifier；When S0 inputs
Square wave when being high level, second pair of channel conductive that i.e. 1Y1,2Y1 are constituted, now sample resistance the first end
Signal be sent to the input forward end of operational amplifier by 2Y1, the signal of the second end is sent to by 1Y1
The input backward end of operational amplifier, the voltage of input forward end is more than the voltage of input backward end, and computing is put
The outfan output high level of big device；Therefore when navigation lights under normal circumstances time, along with address end S0 input
Square-wave signal, the outfan output square-wave signal of operational amplifier.When navigation lights breaks down, and navigation lights returns
The electric current flowing through sample resistance in road is zero, and now sample resistance both end voltage is equal, is therefore input to computing
The voltage of two inputs of amplifier is the most equal, and now operational amplifier carries out voltage ratio its outfan relatively rear
Obtain a negative level signal.
The signal of CD4052 chip address end can be controlled the most in the present embodiment, in step by toggle switch
In rapid S2, when the 3rd pin of the miniature slide switch that signal generator is connected connects low level, miniature stir
When switch motion connection the 2nd pin and 3 pin, then two address end the 9th pins of CD4052 chip and the 10th
When pin is all set to low level, i.e. S1S0=00, first pair of channel conductive.When signal generator connected micro-
When 3rd pin of type toggle switch connects high level, miniature slide switch action connection the 2nd pin and the 3rd pin
Time, then when two address end the 9th pins of CD4052 chip and the 10th pin are respectively low level and high level, i.e.
S1S0=01, second pair of channel conductive, so that the present embodiment device is suitable for when ship navigation lamp is in exchange
In circuit loop.In the present embodiment step 3, miniature slide switch action connection the 1st pin and the 2nd pin,
The square-wave signal of signal generator output is input in the end S0 of CD4052 address by miniature slide switch so that
Pair of channels and second pair of passage alternate conduction, so that the present embodiment device is suitable for working as ship's navigation
Lamp is in DC circuit loop.Therefore the present embodiment can be by miniature group of the connection of CD4052 chip address end
Dynamic switch makes the present embodiment detection device be applicable to AC and DC circuit.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-mentioned reality
Execute the restriction of example, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modification,
Substitute, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a ship navigation lamp failure detector, it is characterised in that include including many group switches many
Path multiplexer, signal generator, operational amplifier and the sample resistance being connected in navigation lights loop；
Described sample resistance two ends are connected by the wherein passage in two groups of current-limiting resistance and multiplexer,
Wherein the two ends of sample resistance are all connected with two paths by current-limiting resistance, and it is logical that sample resistance one end is connected
The passage one_to_one corresponding that road is connected with the other end simultaneously turns on；Wherein sample resistance two ends are simultaneously turned on
Wherein two paths is defined as pair of channels, and the passage that additionally two-way simultaneously turns on is defined as second pair of passage；
Sample resistance is often held the two paths connected by current-limiting resistance to be respectively from two groups of multiplexer to lead to
Road；
The concatenation operation respectively of the common port of two groups of passages that described multiplexer is connected with sample resistance is amplified
Two inputs of device, to be transferred to fortune respectively by described multiplexer by the signal at sample resistance two ends
Calculate two inputs of amplifier；
The outfan of described signal generator is connected with the address end of multiplexer, for controlling first to logical
Road and the gating of second pair of passage.
Ship navigation lamp failure detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described many
Path multiplexer is double four-way imitating switch, including two group of four paths, respectively 1Y group and 2Y group；
First end of sample resistance by current-limiting resistance respectively with a-road-through road and 2Y Zu mono-tunnel of 1Y group
Passage connects；Second end of described sample resistance by current-limiting resistance respectively with a-road-through road and the 2Y of 1Y group
The a-road-through road of group connects；
The a-road-through of the 2Y group that the a-road-through road of the 1Y group that the first end of sample resistance connects and the second end connect
Road simultaneously turns on, and this two paths is defined as the pair of channels of sample resistance；First end of sample resistance
The a-road-through road of the 1Y group that the a-road-through road of the 2Y group connected and the second end connect simultaneously turns on, and is led to by this two-way
Road is defined as second pair of passage of sample resistance；
1Y group four paths of described double four-way imitating switch and the common port of 2Y group four paths respectively with fortune
Two inputs calculating amplifier connect.
Ship navigation lamp failure detector the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described double
Four path analoging switch are CD4052 chip.
Ship navigation lamp failure detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described letter
The outfan of number generator passes sequentially through the second optocoupler and toggle switch and is connected with the address end of multiplexer；
Described toggle switch is also associated with high level or low level signal source, by the action of toggle switch by low level
The signal that signal, high level signal or signal generator produce sends the address end of multiplexer to, with
Control pair of channels and the strobe case of second pair of passage；
Described signal generator is mainly made up of TL555C chip, and described second optocoupler is TLP185 chip.
Ship navigation lamp failure detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fortune
Calculate to connect between input forward end and the backward end of amplifier and have an electric capacity, the input of described operational amplifier
Forward end is connected to negative power end by the biasing resistor of 8.2M Ω；The outfan of described operational amplifier connects to be had
First optocoupler；Described operational amplifier is OP07C chip, and described first optocoupler is TLP185 chip.
Ship navigation lamp failure detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described company
Being connected on the sample resistance in navigation lights loop is one section of snakelike cabling on pcb board.
7. a fault detection method based on the ship navigation lamp failure detector described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, step is as follows:
S1, first determine whether it ship navigation lamp loop is alternating current or unidirectional current；
If alternating current, then enter step S2；
If unidirectional current, then enter step S3；
S2, according to the annexation of passage in sample resistance two ends and multiplexer, determine multiplexer
The control signal of address end, makes the pair of channels of sample resistance or second pair of channel conductive；Then by the
Pair of channels or the second pair of passage two that the signal at sample resistance two ends is respectively transmitted to operational amplifier are defeated
Enter end；Enter step S4；
S3, according to the annexation of passage in sample resistance two ends and multiplexer, determine multiplexer
The control signal of address end, makes the pair of channels of sample resistance and second pair of passage alternate conduction, then leads to
Cross pair of channels and second pair of passage is transferred to operation amplifier by what the signal at sample resistance two ends replaced respectively
In two inputs of device；Enter step S4；
S4, signal according to operational amplifier output terminal judge whether navigation lights breaks down；
If the square-wave signal of outfan one low and high level checker of output of operational amplifier, then it represents that boat
Portable lighter normal operation, does not breaks down；
If operational amplifier output terminal exports one and is always low level signal, then it represents that navigation lights runs not
Normally, navigation lights breaks down.
Ship navigation lamp fault detection method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described many
Path multiplexer is double four-way imitating switch CD4052 chip, including two group of four paths, respectively 1Y group and
2Y group；Wherein four paths of 1Y group are respectively 1Y0,1Y1,1Y2 and 1Y3, corresponding CD4052 core
The 12nd of sheet, 14,15 and 11 pins；Four paths of 2Y group be respectively 2Y0 group, 2Y1,2Y2 and
2Y3, corresponding the 1st of CD4052 chip, 5,2 and 4 pins；Two address ends of CD4052 chip are respectively
For S1 and S0, the 9th and 10 pins of corresponding CD4052 chip；
First end of sample resistance is connected with 1Y0 passage and 2Y1 passage respectively by current-limiting resistance, the second end
It is connected with 1Y1 passage and the 2Y0 group passage of CD4052 chip respectively by current-limiting resistance；1Y0 passage and
2Y0 group passage is the pair of channels of sample resistance, and 1Y1 passage and 2Y1 passage are the second of sample resistance
To passage；
When navigation lights loop is alternating current, in described step S2 by CD4052 chip address end S1 and
S0 is all set to low level or CD4052 chip address end S1 and S0 correspondence respectively is set to low level and height
Level；When CD4052 chip address end S1 and S0 is all set to low level, first pair of channel conductive, take
The signal of the first end of sample resistance is by the first input end of 1Y0 channel transfer to operational amplifier, sampling electricity
The signal of the second end of resistance is by the second input of 2Y0 group channel transfer to operational amplifier；Work as CD4052
When chip address end S1 and S0 is respectively low level and high level, second pair of channel conductive, sample resistance
The signal of the first end is by the second input of 2Y1 channel transfer to operational amplifier, the first of sample resistance
The signal of end is by the first input end of 1Y1 channel transfer to operational amplifier；
When navigation lights loop is unidirectional current, CD4052 chip address end S1 is by described step S2
Low level, by signal generator input square-wave signal to address end S0, when address end S0 is low level,
First pair of channel conductive, the first end signal of sample resistance is by the of 1Y0 channel transfer to operational amplifier
One input, the second end signal of sample resistance is defeated by the second of 2Y0 group channel transfer to operational amplifier
Enter end；When address end S0 is high level, second pair of channel conductive, the first end signal of sample resistance passes through
2Y1 channel transfer passes through 1Y1 to the second input of operational amplifier, the second end signal of sample resistance
Group channel transfer is to the first input end of operational amplifier；By the square-wave signal of address end S0, will sampling electricity
The signal at resistance two ends is alternately sent to two inputs of operational amplifier.
Ship navigation lamp fault detection method the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that signal is sent out
Raw device outfan is connected with the address end S0 of CD4052 chip by toggle switch, wherein CD4052 chip
Address end S1 connect 0V low level all the time；1st pin of toggle switch is with signal generator outfan even
Connecing, the 2nd pin is connected with the address end S0 of CD4052 chip, and the 3rd pin connects high level or low level
Signal source；Toggle switch action makes the 2nd pin and the 1st pin or the connection of the 3rd pin；
When navigation lights loop is alternating current, toggle switch action connection miniature slide switch the 2nd and the 3rd draws
Foot, low level signal or high level signal are sent to address end S0 by signal generator all the time so that first
To passage or second pair of channel conductive；
When navigation lights loop is unidirectional current, toggle switch action connection miniature slide switch the 1st and the 2nd draws
Foot, square-wave signal is sent to address end S0 by signal generator all the time so that pair of channels and second is to logical
Road alternate conduction.
Ship navigation lamp fault detection method the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that
The frequency of the square wave of described signal generator output is 50HZ.
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| CN201410259118.6A CN104076299B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Fault detection device and method for ship navigation lights |
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| CN201410259118.6A CN104076299B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Fault detection device and method for ship navigation lights |
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| CN104597414A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-06 | 擎翌(上海)智能科技有限公司 | Signal lamp or street lamp parameter detection electric method |
| CN107505119B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-11-12 | 复旦大学 | Navigate by water intensity of illumination distribution rapid detection system and detection method |
| CN108761355B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2020-06-09 | 上海航安机场设备有限公司 | Fault lamp detection circuit and system |
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