CN104075754B - Magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method of photon crystal micro cavity is filled based on magnetic fluid - Google Patents
Magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method of photon crystal micro cavity is filled based on magnetic fluid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method of filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid。By two distinct types of magnetic fluid being filled in respectively in a photon crystal wave-guide flat board in the airport of two zoness of different, form the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades, the output spectrum of such photon crystal wave-guide arises that two separate resonance paddy (corresponding two resonance wavelengths)。Change along with external magnetic field or temperature, all can there is change in various degree in two kinds of refractive indexs filling magnetic fluid, so that two resonance wavelengths in photon crystal wave-guide output spectrum are moved, and two resonance wavelengths are inconsistent to the sensitivity of magnetic fluid variations in refractive index。Finally, dual wavelength matrix method is adopted, according to the anti-variable quantity releasing external magnetic field and temperature of the amount of movement of two resonance wavelengths, it is achieved measure while magnetic field and temperature。Can be calculated, the changes of magnetic field amount of minimum detectable is 1.333Oe, and the temperature variation of minimum detectable is 0.301K。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic field and temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid, belong to photoelectric detection technology field。
Background technology
Magnetic field is the basic physical parameters of a lot of natural phenomena, the field etc. that the pinpoint accuracy of automobile and aircraft is navigated and location, medical biotechnology detection and disease detection, the acquisition of abnormal small-signal, exploration danger and the mankind can not arrive, these are required for using magnetic field sensor。So the research of Measurement Method for Magnetic Field is constantly subjected to people extensive concern (document 1. Jiang Zhi roc, Zhao Wei, Qu Kaifeng, the development of magnetic field measurement technology and application [J], electrical measurement and instrument, 2008,45 (508): 1-5,10.)。Although the widely used magnetic field sensor based on Hall effect is easy to use, low price, but precision is not high, and temperature stability is bad。And based on magneto-optic effect optical magnetic field sensors due to its there is safety anti-explosive, electromagnetism interference, light weight, fast response time, measurement scope is big, can carry out the excellent specific properties such as real-time remote monitoring and become magnetic field measurement technology (the document 2.C.L.Tien of current most study, H.W.Chen, C.C.Hwang, etal.Magneticfieldsensorbasedondouble-sidedpolishedfiber-Bragggratings [J] .MeasurementScience&Technology, 2009,20 (7): 075202 (1-6) .)。
Magnetic fluid is that magnetic nanoparticle is evenly dispersed in a kind of stable colloidal liquid formed in base fluid by surfactant, and it not only has the magnetic of solid magnetic material but also has the mobility of liquid。As a kind of novel functional material, magnetic fluid has a lot of unique magneto-optical property, such as (document 3.Y.Zhao such as birefringence effect, Faraday effect, thermal lensing effect and tunable refractive index characteristics, Y.Zhang, R.Lv, etal.Novelopticaldevicesbasedonthetunablerefractiveindex ofmagneticfluidandtheircharacteristics [J], JournalofMagnetismandMagneticMaterials, 2011,323 (23): 2987-2996.)。Utilize the tunable refractive index characteristic of magnetic fluid, magnetic fluid refractive index under different magnetic field effect can change, and then the output generation respective change of system can be caused, based on this, a lot of optical magnetic field measuring methods in recent years by succession propose (document 4. fourth stand. based on the fibre optic magnetic field sensing Study of An [D] of magnetic fluid and FBG. Wuhan University of Technology, 2012;Document 5.R.Gao, Y.Jiang, andS.Abdelaziz.All-fibermagneticfieldsensorsbasedonmagne ticfluid-filledphotoniccrystalfibers [J] .OpticsLetters, 2013,38 (9): 1539-1541;Document 6.R.Lv, Y.Zhao, D.Wang, Q.Wang.Magneticfluid-filledopticalfiberfabry-p é rotsensorformagneticfieldmeasurement [J] .IEEEPhotonicsTechnologyLetters, 2014,26 (3): 212-219.), a kind of new technique and new approaches are provided for highly sensitive magnetic-field measurement。This method not only has the advantage of traditional optical magnetic field sensor, also has the excellent specific properties such as simple to operate, structure is little, sensitivity is high。But in reality is measured, the change of ambient temperature is a factor can not ignore, owing to the change of temperature can cause the refractive index of magnetic fluid that unpredictable change (document 7.Y.F.Chen occurs equally, S.Y.Yang, W.S.Tse, etal.Thermaleffectonthefield-dependentrefractiveindexoft hemagneticfluidfilm.AppliedPhysicalLetters, 2003,82 (20): 3481-3483, May2003.), namely magnetic field and Temperature cross-over sensitivity phenomenon, so can be substantially reduced the precision of magnetic-field measurement。
If it is possible to a kind of method proposing magnetic field and temperature simultaneously measuring, so it is possible not only to improve the precision of magnetic-field measurement, and the cross sensitivity problem of magnetic field and temperature can be solved, it is achieved magnetic field and measurement while two parameters of temperature。This novel measurement apparatus can widen optical magnetic field sensors application in magnetic-field measurement field significantly, has very major and immediate significance。Additionally, this system additionally provides a kind of two-parameter method measured simultaneously, size and the cost of two-parameter measurement system can be substantially reduced。
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
It is an object of the invention to solve in conventional magnetic field sensors the problems such as not high, the certainty of measurement temperature influence of precision, it is proposed to a kind of simple in construction, be easily achieved, highly sensitive, volume is little, good stability and the method that can simultaneously magnetic field and temperature be measured。
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of magnetic field and temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid, it is characterized in that: two distinct types of magnetic fluid is filled in respectively in a photon crystal wave-guide flat board in the airport of two zoness of different, form the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades, the output spectrum of such photon crystal wave-guide arises that two separate resonance paddy (resonance wavelengths corresponding to different)。When external magnetic field or temperature change, all can there is change in various degree in the refractive index of two kinds of magnetic fluids, ultimately result in photon crystal wave-guide output spectrum two resonance wavelengths to be moved, and two resonance wavelengths are inconsistent to the sensitivity of magnetic fluid variations in refractive index。Finally, dual wavelength matrix method is adopted, it is possible to demodulate the variable quantity of external magnetic field and temperature according to the amount of movement of two resonance wavelengths, it is achieved magnetic field and measurement while temperature。
In such scheme, described photon crystal wave-guide is air bridge structure, and airport is triangular arranged, and the radius of airport is r=0.32a(wherein a=447nm is the lattice paprmeter of photonic crystal, i.e. spacing between adjacent vacant pore), duct width is=1.9052a, selected background media is ordinary silicon material, and its thickness is h=220nm, and effective refractive index is n=2.87。
In such scheme, the two kinds of magnetic fluids filled are volumetric concentration respectively be 1.8% water base Fe3O4(being designated as 1# magnetic fluid) and mass concentration are the water base Fe of 0.85emu/g3O4(being designated as 2# magnetic fluid), for 1# magnetic fluid, its magneto-optic coefficient (that is, the refractive index of magnetic fluid is with the rate of change in magnetic field) is KH1=1.50×10-5RIU/Oe, thermo-optical coeffecient (that is, the refractive index variation with temperature rate of magnetic fluid) is KT1=-6.64×10-5RIU/K, and for 2# magnetic fluid, its magneto-optic coefficient is KH2=1.71×10-5RIU/Oe, thermo-optical coeffecient is KT2=-7.56×10-5RIU/K。
In such scheme, two described different filling regions are radius respectively is r110 adjacent vacant pores (1# fills region) of=0.32a and radius are r210 adjacent vacant pores (2# fills region) of=0.30a, they are all in close proximity to waveguide and are positioned at the side of waveguide。
In such scheme, two described cascade-connection photon crystal microcavitys are 1# magnetic fluid is filled in 1# fill region formation 1# photon crystal micro cavity respectively, 2# magnetic fluid is filled in 2# simultaneously and fills region formation 2# photon crystal micro cavity, the resonance wavelength of 1# photon crystal micro cavity1Near 1520nm, its refractive index sensitivity is K1The resonance wavelength of=500nm/RIU, 2# photon crystal micro cavity2Near 1545nm, its refractive index sensitivity is K2=520nm/RIU。
In such scheme, when magnetic field suffered by the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades is increased to 200Oe by 50Oe, the refractive index of 1# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.3440 by 1.3420, simultaneously, the refractive index of 2# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.4650 by 1.4623, by can be calculated resonance wavelength1Changes of magnetic field sensitivity be 0.0075nm/Oe, resonance wavelength2Changes of magnetic field sensitivity be 0.0089nm/Oe。
In such scheme, when temperature suffered by the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades is increased to 60K by 8K, the refractive index of 1# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.3385 by 1.3427, simultaneously, the refractive index of 2# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.4635 by 1.4671, by can be calculated resonance wavelength1Temperature change sensitivity be-0.0332nm/K, resonance wavelength2Temperature change sensitivity be-0.0393nm/K。
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme it can be seen that the method have the advantages that
1) this magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid that the present invention proposes, both had safety anti-explosive, electromagnetism interference, light weight, fast response time that traditional optical magnetic field sensor has, measurement scope is big, can carry out the excellent specific properties such as real-time remote monitoring, solve again traditional optical magnetic field sensor certainty of measurement and be subject to the problem of ambient temperature interference, substantially increase the precision of magnetic-field measurement。
2) this magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid that the present invention proposes, not only solves the cross sensitivity problem between magnetic field and temperature, also provides new technology and method for two-parameter measurement。
3) this magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid that the present invention proposes, achieve the two-parameter detection of individual system, greatly reduce cost, and the size of photon crystal micro cavity is only micron dimension, can be used for measurement space narrow and small or some need the occasion of spot measurement requirement。
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural parameters of the photon crystal micro cavity that following figure takes and the refractive index size of filling magnetic fluid are all identical with detailed description of the invention。
Fig. 1 is the cascade-connection photon crystal micro-cavity structure schematic diagram filled based on magnetic fluid；
Fig. 2 (a) be 2# fill region airport refractive index constant time, the output spectrum of cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity and 1# fill the relation curve between the airport refractive index in region, Fig. 2 (b) be 1# fill the airport refractive index in region constant time, the output spectrum of cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity and 2# fill the relation curve between the airport refractive index in region；
When Fig. 3 (a) changes for external magnetic field, the resonance wavelength of two photon crystal micro cavities1, λ2Variable quantity and magnetic field between relation curve, when Fig. 3 (b) changes for ambient temperature, the resonance wavelength of two photon crystal micro cavities1,λ2Variable quantity and temperature between relation curve。
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the concrete structure of the present invention, principle and sensing characteristics are described in further detail。
The present invention proposes a kind of magnetic field and temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid, is illustrated in figure 1 the structural representation of the cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity filled based on magnetic fluid。In this structure, airport is triangular arranged, and the radius of airport is r=0.32a(wherein a=447nm is the lattice paprmeter of photonic crystal, i.e. spacing between adjacent vacant pore), duct width is==1.9052a, selected background media is ordinary silicon material, and its thickness is h=220nm, and effective refractive index is n=2.87。In order to form the micro-cavity structure of two cascades, by the water base Fe that volumetric concentration is 1.8%3O4(being designated as 1# magnetic fluid) be filled in 1# as shown in Figure 1 fill region 10 airports (radius is r1=0.32a) middle formation 1# photon crystal micro cavity, by the water base Fe that mass concentration is 0.85emu/g3O4(being designated as 2# magnetic fluid) be filled in 2# as shown in Figure 1 fill region 10 airports (radius is r2=0.30a) middle formation 2# photon crystal micro cavity。Two microcavitys have different resonance wavelength (λ1And λ2), when a branch of wide spectrum optical is by waveguide, it would appear that two resonance paddy from the output spectra that waveguide end detects, correspond respectively to the resonance wavelength of two microcavitys。When 2# fills the refractive index n in region2Constant, 1# fills the airport refractive index n in region1Being changed to 1.355(change interval by 1.34 is 0.005) time, the output spectrum of cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity and n1Between relation curve such as shown in Fig. 2 (a), they are that the MEEP software emulation utilizing the Massachusetts Institute of Technology obtains, and abscissa is lambda1-wavelength λ, and vertical coordinate is normalized transmittance T。On the contrary, when 1# fills the refractive index n in region1Constant, 2# fills the airport refractive index n in region2Being changed to 1.355(change interval by 1.34 is 0.005) time, the output spectrum of cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity and n2Between relation curve such as shown in Fig. 2 (b)。Comparison diagram 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), we it appeared that: (1), when the refractive index filling hole increases, all can there is red shift in the resonance wavelength of two resonator cavitys, wherein the resonance wavelength of 1# photon crystal micro cavity1Near 1520nm, its refractive index sensitivity is K1The resonance wavelength of=500nm/RIU, 2# photon crystal micro cavity2Near 1545nm, its refractive index sensitivity is K2=520nm/RIU；(2) when one of them airport refractive index filling region changes, only can affect the microcavity resonance wavelength filling place, region to be moved, without affecting the resonance characteristic of another one microcavity, that is, the photon crystal micro cavity resonance paddy of two cascades is independent from, it is possible to use as two independent sensors。
Magnetic fluid is the stable colloid system that magnetic nanoparticle is formed in base fluid by surfactant disperse equably; when there is no externally-applied magnetic field; magnetic nanoparticle can be randomly dispersed in base fluid; but when applying certain external magnetic field; nano-particle in magnetic fluid will occur to assemble and formed with the magnetic linkage structure of certain forms arrangement along magnetic direction; and ambient temperature and magnetic field can affect formation and the arrangement regulation of magnetic linkage simultaneously, and then affect the refractive index of magnetic fluid。Table 1 is the refractive index n of the 1# magnetic fluid that experiment obtains1Refractive index n with 2# magnetic fluid2And the relation between external magnetic field H, when magnetic field is increased to 200Oe by 50Oe, n11.3440, n are changed to by 1.342021.4650 are changed to by 1.4623。The magneto-optic coefficient (that is, the refractive index of magnetic fluid is with the rate of change in magnetic field) obtaining 1# magnetic fluid after data are carried out linear fit is KH1=1.50×10-5The magneto-optic coefficient of RIU/Oe, 2# magnetic fluid is KH2=1.71×10-5RIU/Oe。Table 2 is the 1# magnetic fluid refractive index n that experiment obtains1Refractive index n with 2# magnetic fluid2And the relation between ambient temperature T, when temperature is risen to 60K by 8K, n11.3385, n are changed to by 1.342721.4635 are changed to by 1.4671。The thermo-optical coeffecient (that is, the refractive index variation with temperature rate of magnetic fluid) obtaining 1# magnetic fluid after data are carried out linear fit is KT1=-6.64×10-5The magneto-optic coefficient of RIU/K, 2# magnetic fluid is KT2=-7.56×10-5RIU/K。
The refractive index n of table 1.1# magnetic fluid1Refractive index n with 2# magnetic fluid2And the relation between external magnetic field H
The refractive index n of table 2.1# magnetic fluid1Refractive index n with 2# magnetic fluid2And the relation between ambient temperature T
| T(K) | 8 | 15 | 24.3 | 32 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| n1 | 1.3427 | 1.3422 | 1.3414 | 1.3409 | 1.3404 | 1.3395 | 1.3385 |
| n2 | 1.4671 | 1.4663 | 1.4655 | 1.4648 | 1.4642 | 1.4639 | 1.4635 |
As can be known from the above analysis, when external magnetic field or temperature action are on cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity, the refractive index of 1# magnetic fluid and 2# magnetic fluid can be caused to change, both variable quantities are designated as, then there is following relation:
(1)
And the variations in refractive index of photon crystal micro cavity airport can cause the movement of resonance wavelength, the amount of movement of two wavelength is designated as, relationship below can be drawn:
(2)
The quantitative relationship (as Suo Shi Fig. 3 (a)) between the amount of movement of external magnetic field and two resonance wavelengths and the quantitative relationship (as Suo Shi Fig. 3 (b)) between the amount of movement of ambient temperature and two resonance wavelengths can be obtained by formula (2)。For 1# photon crystal micro cavity, its resonance wavelength1Changes of magnetic field sensitivity be 0.0075nm/Oe, temperature change sensitivity is-0.0332nm/K；For 2# photon crystal micro cavity, its resonance wavelength2Changes of magnetic field sensitivity be 0.0089nm/Oe, temperature change sensitivity is-0.0393nm/K。
Can obtain according to double UV check theory:
(3)
Thus, when external magnetic field or temperature action are on cascade-connection photon crystal microcavity, we can pass through to monitor the anti-size releasing external magnetic field and temperature of amount of movement of two resonance wavelengths。The wavelength amount of movement considering current spectrogrph minimum detectable is 0.01nm, then the change of magnetic field strength amount of minimum detectable is 1.333Oe, and the temperature variation of minimum detectable is 0.301K。
Claims (7)
1. magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method of photon crystal micro cavity is filled based on magnetic fluid, it is characterized in that: two distinct types of magnetic fluid is filled in respectively in a photon crystal wave-guide flat board in the airport of two zoness of different, form the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades, the two region is designated as 1# respectively and fills region and 2# filling region, the output spectrum of such photon crystal wave-guide arises that two separate resonance paddy, and the two resonance paddy is corresponding to different resonance wavelength, when external magnetic field or temperature change, all can there is change in various degree in the refractive index of two kinds of magnetic fluids, in photon crystal wave-guide output spectrum two resonance wavelengths are finally made to be moved, and two resonance wavelengths are inconsistent to the sensitivity of magnetic fluid variations in refractive index, finally, adopt dual wavelength matrix method, the variable quantity of magnetic field and temperature can be demodulated according to the amount of movement of two resonance wavelengths, measure while realizing magnetic field and temperature。
2. magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: photon crystal wave-guide is air bridge structure, airport is triangular arranged, the lattice paprmeter of photonic crystal, i.e. spacing between adjacent vacant pore, the airport radius filling region for a=447nm, 2# is r2=0.30a, except 2# fill area is overseas, the radius in remaining air hole is r=0.32a, and duct width is d=1.9052a, and selected hosqt media is ordinary silicon material, and its thickness is h=220nm, and effective refractive index is n=2.87。
3. as claimed in claim 1 magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid, it is characterised in that: the two kinds of magnetic fluids filled are volumetric concentration respectively be 1.8% water base Fe3O4With the water base Fe that mass concentration is 0.85emu/g3O4, and it is designated as 1# magnetic fluid and 2# magnetic fluid respectively, for 1# magnetic fluid, its magneto-optic coefficient, i.e. the refractive index of magnetic fluid is with the rate of change in magnetic field, for KH1=1.50×10-5RIU/Oe, thermo-optical coeffecient, i.e. the refractive index variation with temperature rate of magnetic fluid, for KT1=-6.64×10-5RIU/K, and for 2# magnetic fluid, its magneto-optic coefficient is KH2=1.71×10-5RIU/Oe, thermo-optical coeffecient is KT2=-7.56×10-5RIU/K。
4. magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described 1# filling region is radius is r110 adjacent vacant pores of=0.32a, 2# filling region is radius is r210 adjacent vacant pores of=0.30a, they are all in close proximity to waveguide and are positioned at the side of waveguide。
5. magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: two described cascade-connection photon crystal microcavitys are 1# magnetic fluid is filled in 1# fill region formation 1# photon crystal micro cavity respectively, 2# magnetic fluid is filled in 2# simultaneously and fills region formation 2# photon crystal micro cavity, the resonance wavelength of 1# photon crystal micro cavity1Near 1520nm, its refractive index sensitivity is K1The resonance wavelength of=500nm/RIU, 2# photon crystal micro cavity2Near 1545nm, its refractive index sensitivity is K2=520nm/RIU。
6. magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when magnetic field suffered by the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades is increased to 200Oe by 50Oe, the refractive index of 1# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.3440 by 1.3420, simultaneously, the refractive index of 2# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.4650 by 1.4623, by can be calculated resonance wavelength1Changes of magnetic field sensitivity be 0.0075nm/Oe, resonance wavelength2Changes of magnetic field sensitivity be 0.0089nm/Oe。
7. magnetic field and the temperature simultaneously measuring method filling photon crystal micro cavity based on magnetic fluid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when temperature suffered by the photon crystal micro cavity of two cascades is increased to 60K by 8K, the refractive index of 1# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.3385 by 1.3427, simultaneously, the refractive index of 2# magnetic fluid is changed to 1.4635 by 1.4671, by can be calculated resonance wavelength1Temperature change sensitivity be-0.0332nm/K, resonance wavelength2Temperature change sensitivity be-0.0393nm/K。
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| US9903816B2 (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2018-02-27 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Photonic crystal sensor structure and a method for manufacturing the same |
| CN104773706B (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-06-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | Silica-based magnetic material substrate fabrication method |
| CN104991206B (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2018-03-30 | 东北大学 | A kind of Measurement Method for Magnetic Field based on Applications of surface plasmon resonance |
| CN108693489A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of magnetic field temperature dual sampling device based on photonic crystal |
| CN109884558B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-07-20 | 江苏大学 | Magnetic field sensor based on photonic crystal flat micro-cavity |
| CN110118730B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2021-11-30 | 曲阜师范大学 | Label-free biosensing method based on refractive index modulation time response |
| CN110456288B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2021-07-20 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic field measuring method based on magnetocaloric effect, magnetic field sensor and preparation method |
| CN110618322B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2022-01-25 | 南京邮电大学 | Electromagnetic cascade sensor based on two-dimensional photonic crystal |
| CN113959582B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-16 | 南京信息工程大学 | Temperature sensing measurement method of mirror image type one-dimensional photonic crystal model |
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