CN104074934A - Two-gear automatic speed changing system for electric automobile - Google Patents
Two-gear automatic speed changing system for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104074934A CN104074934A CN201310660221.7A CN201310660221A CN104074934A CN 104074934 A CN104074934 A CN 104074934A CN 201310660221 A CN201310660221 A CN 201310660221A CN 104074934 A CN104074934 A CN 104074934A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- clutch
- gear
- brake
- speed changing
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
- F16H57/10—Braking arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02034—Gearboxes combined or connected with electric machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
- F16H2057/087—Arrangement and support of friction devices in planetary gearings, e.g. support of clutch drums, stacked arrangements of friction devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-gear automatic speed changing system for an electric automobile. The two-gear automatic speed changing system for the electric automobile is mainly formed by a motor, a planet mechanism, a clutch A, a brake B, a control unit and a speed changing box body, wherein the motor is connected with a motor rotor shaft. The two-gear automatic speed changing system for the electric automobile is characterized in that one end of the clutch is connected with the motor rotor shaft; the other end is connected with a gear ring of the planet mechanism; a sun gear of the planet mechanism which is served as an input end is connected with the motor rotor shaft; a planet frame which is served as an input end of a speed change box is connected with a driving axle; the brake is connected with the gear ring of the planet mechanism; the control unit in signal connection with a clutch driving mechanism, a brake driving mechanism and a motor controller; the clutch driving mechanism, the brake driving mechanism and the motor controller are connected with the clutch, the brake and the motor. The two-gear automatic speed changing system for the electric automobile achieves direct-gear and speed-reducing-gear transmission due to the fact that the planet mechanism, the clutch and the brake are matched in utilization and reverse gear is achieved due to reverse rotation of the motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to used for electric vehicle Transmission System, particularly relate to a kind of used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system.
Technical background
Because global energy reduces and the aggravation of environmental pollution day by day, electric vehicle becomes the focus that people pay close attention to.Compare with traditional combustion engine, electric vehicle traction electric machine has wider operating range, and during motor low speed when permanent torque and high speed the characteristic of permanent power be more suitable for vehicle operating demand.In recent years, for electric vehicle and can keep the automatic transmission of high efficiency transmission to become study hotspot.The manual gear speed changer (MT) occurring the earliest, realizes the conversion of gear by clutch and manual shift shift fork, this speed changer has simple in structure, compact appearance, and transmission efficiency is high, and reliability is high, and low cost and other advantages is applied comparatively extensive.But because vehicle is in shift process, necessary cut-off clutch, causes power interruption, affected power character and the ride comfort of vehicle, and manual shift has caused driver fatigue frequently.So automatic speed changing is the development trend of transmission for vehicles, the relative manual transmission of automatic transmission has the performances such as higher vehicle security, travelling comfort.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of for motor-driven electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system, in the advantage that keeps automatic transmission power gear shifting simultaneously, the shortcoming that while overcoming existing automatic transmission transmission of power, power is interrupted.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention has adopted following technological scheme:
A used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system, is mainly comprised of motor, planetary mechanism, clutch A, break B, control unit and gearbox casing; Motor is connected with rotor axis of electric; One end of clutch is connected with rotor axis of electric, and the other end is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism; The sun gear of planetary mechanism is connected with rotor axis of electric as input end, and planet carrier is connected with ransaxle as the output terminal of gearbox; Break is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism; Control unit is connected with clutch drive, break driving mechanism and electric machine controller signal respectively, and clutch drive, break driving mechanism and electric machine controller are connected with clutch, break and motor respectively.
For further realizing the object of the invention, preferably, described clutch is diaphragm spring clutch, hydraulic frictional lamella clutch or magnetic clutch.
Described break is caliper disc brake, hydraulic frictional chip break or electromagnetic brake.
Described diaphragm spring clutch is mainly comprised of clutch housing, diaphragm spring, platen, friction plate, release bearing and swing arm; Rotor axis of electric is connected with clutch by spline, and clutch housing 4 is screwed on gear ring, and release bearing is movably arranged on rotor axis of electric, and swing arm is flexibly connected with release bearing.
Described caliper disc brake is mainly comprised of brake casing, brake disc, brake calipers and piston; Brake casing and gear box casing are connected, brake disc is connected with gear ring by pin, and brake disc is between two brake caliperss, and two brake caliperss are connected with two-piston respectively, piston is positioned at cylinder body, and the cylinder body of piston is connected with hydraulic drive mechanism, air pressure driving mechanism or motor-driven mechanism.
In the present invention, rotor axis of electric is connected with the sun gear of planetary mechanism and one end of clutch as input end, and the gear ring of planetary mechanism is connected with gearbox casing by break, and planet carrier is connected with ransaxle as output terminal.When clutch combination, break disconnect, planetary mechanism and rotor axis of electric together rotate, and power is exported to ransaxle through planet carrier by 1:1; When clutch disconnects, break in conjunction with time, the gear ring of planetary mechanism is braked, power is exported through planet carrier, reduction speed ratio is by the structures shape of planetary mechanism; When motor reversal, can realize and reversing gear.
With respect to prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1) automatic transmission of the present invention power failure-free in power transmission process, no matter clutch is in conjunction with still disconnecting all dynamic transmission.
2) used for electric vehicle two-shift automatic speed variator involved in the present invention is simple in structure, power-interruption free during transmission of power, and without synchronizer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of embodiment's 1 used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system.
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system architecture schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For understanding better the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system, is mainly comprised of motor 7, planetary mechanism, clutch A, break B, control unit ECU and gearbox casing; Motor 7 is connected with rotor axis of electric 8; One end of clutch A is connected with rotor axis of electric, and the other end is connected with the gear ring 14 of planetary mechanism; The sun gear 17 of planetary mechanism is connected with rotor axis of electric as input end, and planet carrier 15 is connected with ransaxle 19 as the output terminal of gearbox, and ransaxle 19, by semiaxis 20, is connected with two wheels 6 respectively; Break B is connected with the gear ring 14 of planetary mechanism as braking member, with this, controls the element motion of planetary mechanism.Control unit is connected with clutch drive, break driving mechanism and electric machine controller signal respectively, and clutch drive, break driving mechanism and electric machine controller are connected with clutch, break and motor respectively.This used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system is used in conjunction with by planetary mechanism, clutch A and break B can realize direct gear, the gear transmission of slowing down, and during motor reversal, can realize and reversing gear.
As shown in Figure 2, the clutch A of used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system adopts diaphragm spring clutch, and this diaphragm spring clutch is mainly comprised of clutch housing 4, diaphragm spring 3, platen 2, friction plate 1, release bearing 5 and swing arm 6; Rotor axis of electric 8 is connected with clutch by spline, coaxially rotates together, and clutch housing 4 is screwed on gear ring 14, and release bearing 5 is movably arranged on rotor axis of electric 8, and swing arm 6 is flexibly connected with release bearing 5, and motor 7 is connected with rotor axis of electric 8;
Break B adopts caliper disc brake, mainly brake casing 9, brake disc 10, brake calipers 11 and piston 12, consists of.Caliper disc brake housing and gear box casing 18 are connected, brake disc 10 is connected with gear ring 14 by pin 13, brake disc 10 is between two brake caliperss 11, two brake caliperss 11 are connected with two-piston 12 respectively, piston is positioned at cylinder body, and the cylinder body of piston can be connected with hydraulic drive mechanism, air pressure driving mechanism or motor-driven mechanism.
When motor 7 does not turn round, the large end of diaphragm spring 3 produces impacting force to platen 2, makes clutch in impaction state, clutch and tooth 14 combinations, and break B disconnects.Now, the gear ring 14 in planetary mechanism is rigidly connected by spline 15 with sun gear 16, and the gear ratio of speed changer is 1.
When motor 7 rotates, swing arm 6 drives release bearing 5 to move to right, and release bearing 5 promotes diaphragm spring 3 and moves to right, and platen 2 band movable friction plates 1 are separated with gear ring 14; In break B, control fluid simultaneously and enter in the cylinder body of piston through pipeline, promote brake calipers 11 and compress with brake disc 10, braking gear ring 14, planetary gears gear ring is braked, and sun gear is driving link, and planet carrier is output member.The gear ratio of this used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system is relevant to the structure of planetary mechanism, and can make the sun gear number of teeth is z
1, radius is r
1, rotating speed is n
1; The gear ring number of teeth is z
2, radius is r
2, rotating speed is n
2, the rotating speed of planet carrier is n
3.If
by single planetary pinion laws of motion n
1+ α n
2-(1+ α) n
3=0, velocity ratio is 1+ α, is gearing down.Suppose
time, the reduction speed ratio of used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system is 3.
When rotor axis of electric reverses, during cooperation that can be by Clutch and brake, realize and reversing gear.
In the present embodiment, rotor axis of electric is connected with the sun gear of planetary mechanism and one end of clutch as input end, and the gear ring of planetary mechanism is connected with gearbox casing by break, and planet carrier is connected with ransaxle as output terminal.When clutch combination, break disconnect, planetary mechanism and rotor axis of electric together rotate, and power is exported to ransaxle through planet carrier by 1:1; When clutch disconnects, break in conjunction with time, the gear ring of planetary mechanism is braked, power is exported through planet carrier, reduction speed ratio is by the structures shape of planetary mechanism; When motor reversal, can realize and reversing gear.As can be seen here, the present invention is for motor-driven electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system, in the advantage while that keeps automatic transmission power gear shifting, the shortcoming that while overcoming existing automatic transmission transmission of power, power is interrupted.
Embodiment 2
The clutch of used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system adopts hydraulic frictional lamella clutch, mainly by housing, piston, steel disc, friction plate, return spring, seal ring and snap ring, formed, the connection layout of remaining part is identical with embodiment 1, and the working principle of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1.The operating mechanism of hydraulic frictional lamella clutch adopts hydraulic type, with mechanical type operating mechanism ratio, has that surface friction drag is little, quality is little, in conjunction with the feature such as soft, but in implementation process, relates to the sealing problem of controlling fluid.
Embodiment 3
The clutch of used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system adopts magnetic clutch, mainly yoke, armature, flange, rivet and spring sheet, consists of.Magnetic clutch is compared with diaphragm spring clutch to be had response high speed, durability is strong and assembles the easy feature of safeguarding.Yoke is connected with rotor axis of electric by spline, and flange is connected with gear ring by key, produces magnetic flux adhesive armature during coil electricity, thereby produces friction torque, makes secondary part combination.The connection layout of remaining part is identical with embodiment 1, and the working principle of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, is not repeated herein.
Embodiment 4
Used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system clutch adopt magnetic clutch, break adopts electromagnetic brake, produces magnetic flux adhesive armature during coil electricity, thereby produces friction torque, make secondary part in conjunction with or braking.During work, needn't consider to control the sealing problem of fluid, the operating mechanism of clutch, break only need be realized switching electricity.The connection layout of remaining part is identical with embodiment 1, and the working principle of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, is not repeated herein.
Claims (5)
1. a used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system, is mainly comprised of motor, planetary mechanism, clutch A, break B, control unit and gearbox casing; Motor is connected with rotor axis of electric; It is characterized in that, one end of clutch is connected with rotor axis of electric, and the other end is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism; The sun gear of planetary mechanism is connected with rotor axis of electric as input end, and planet carrier is connected with ransaxle as the output terminal of gearbox; Break is connected with the gear ring of planetary mechanism; Control unit is connected with clutch drive, break driving mechanism and electric machine controller signal respectively, and clutch drive, break driving mechanism and electric machine controller are connected with clutch, break and motor respectively.
2. used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described clutch is diaphragm spring clutch, hydraulic frictional lamella clutch or magnetic clutch.
3. used for electric vehicle two-gear automatic speed changing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described break is caliper disc brake, hydraulic frictional chip break or electromagnetic brake.
4. two-gear automatic speed changing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described diaphragm spring clutch is mainly comprised of clutch housing, diaphragm spring, platen, friction plate, release bearing and swing arm; Rotor axis of electric is connected with clutch by spline, and clutch housing 4 is screwed on gear ring, and release bearing is movably arranged on rotor axis of electric, and swing arm is flexibly connected with release bearing.
5. two-gear automatic speed changing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described caliper disc brake is mainly comprised of brake casing, brake disc, brake calipers and piston; Brake casing and gear box casing are connected, brake disc is connected with gear ring by pin, and brake disc is between two brake caliperss, and two brake caliperss are connected with two-piston respectively, piston is positioned at cylinder body, and the cylinder body of piston is connected with hydraulic drive mechanism, air pressure driving mechanism or motor-driven mechanism.
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CN201310660221.7A CN104074934A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Two-gear automatic speed changing system for electric automobile |
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CN201310660221.7A CN104074934A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Two-gear automatic speed changing system for electric automobile |
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Cited By (19)
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CN103935240A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-23 | 陈穗 | Four-wheel driven active-braking single-clutch electric automobile |
CN105150819A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-16 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | Dual-motor power device for electric vehicle |
CN105526318A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-04-27 | 吉林大学 | Electric drive system based on two-gear transmission device |
CN106523645A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-03-22 | 南京越博动力系统股份有限公司 | Transmission system of two-gear automatic transmission of electric automobile |
CN106608177A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 南京理工大学 | Hybrid power electric car driving system based on planetary gear mechanism |
CN106882039A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-06-23 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | A kind of two keep off pure electric vehicle power system |
CN106979328A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-25 | 重庆市綦江源泉机电有限公司 | Transmission Mechanism of Planetary Gear System clutch speed changer |
CN107054070A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-18 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | A kind of pure electric vehicle power system |
CN107763153A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-03-06 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The shift transmission of planetary gear type two for electric vehicle |
CN108223708A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 重庆硬核派传动科技有限公司 | A kind of three speed compare epicyclic transmission |
CN108223705A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 重庆硬核派传动科技有限公司 | A kind of three speed compare epicyclic transmission |
CN108944389A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-07 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | The coaxial electric drive system of multi gear |
CN110945267A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2020-03-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Transmission device |
CN110936811A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Electric drive axle and gear shifting method thereof |
CN112594369A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-04-02 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Reduction gear and car |
CN113028001A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Reduction gear and car |
CN113028000A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Hybrid vehicle and driving device thereof |
CN113700810A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-11-26 | 福建中青汽车技术有限公司 | High-reliability automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
CN114986276A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-02 | 无锡市明鑫机床有限公司 | Wind power bearing vertical mill processing equipment with self-adjusting station function |
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CN108944389B (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-10-30 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Multi-gear coaxial electric driving system |
CN110936811A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Electric drive axle and gear shifting method thereof |
CN113700810A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-11-26 | 福建中青汽车技术有限公司 | High-reliability automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
CN112594369A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-04-02 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Reduction gear and car |
CN113028001A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Reduction gear and car |
CN113028000A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Hybrid vehicle and driving device thereof |
CN114986276A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-02 | 无锡市明鑫机床有限公司 | Wind power bearing vertical mill processing equipment with self-adjusting station function |
CN114986276B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2024-02-20 | 无锡市明鑫机床有限公司 | Wind power bearing vertical mill processing equipment with station self-adjusting function |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |