CN104074580A - Monitoring system and method for the pollutants produced by automobile exhaust emissions in the air pollutants - Google Patents
Monitoring system and method for the pollutants produced by automobile exhaust emissions in the air pollutants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring system and method for the pollutants produced by automobile exhaust emissions in the air pollutants. The standard emission database of all automobile types is established, OBD monitoring and diagnosis devices are mounted on all automobiles for transmitting automobile emission data, and a remote-control data monitoring center monitors automobile exhaust by analyzing the automobile data and notifies a driver the emission is excessive. Compared with the prior art, the method and system has the advantages that the automobile exhaust emission situation is analyzed through the engine data during driving, the automobile exhaust emission can be monitored in real time, emission of the automobiles with the OBD monitoring and diagnosis devices are monitored for 7*24 hours in an uninterrupted manner, emission data can be counted, automobiles with abnormal emission can be found and necessarily controlled in proper time, the automobile owner can be contacted timely to repair the automobiles according to the problems, and the atmosphere pollution caused by automobile abnormity can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
Monitoring management field is measured in the pollution of atmosphere that the present invention relates to be caused by motor vehicle exhaust emission, particularly a kind of to the supervisory system of the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant and method.
Background technique
At present, the fuel that most of automobile uses is gasoline and diesel oil, and the major part in its composition is to consist of the material that is called as HC (Hydro Carbon).If there is no impurity perfect combustion in fuel completely, the C in fuel by with atmosphere in O2 react and generate CO2, H only can generate H2O, can not produce harmful matter.
But, in fact in fuel, contain impurity, in addition, because at in-engine partial combustion, so can discharge various harmful matters, the harmful matter of discharge mainly contains following several:
In generation nineteen fifty, U.S.'s California has caused serious pollution of atmosphere because of automobile exhaust.The HC that automobile produces and NOx receive sunlight and react, and can produce the acidification materials such as ozone.According to CARB (Carifolnia Air Resources Board) California air resource office investigation, show, the harmful gas discharge capacity of travelling at an automobile of L.A. (Los Angeles) is NOx5.3g/mile, HC8.6g/mile.Thus, nineteen sixty has been promulgated world's automobile pollution of atmosphere method that prevents the earliest at California, and starts to be from that time generalized to countries in the world.
From nineteen sixty California in the whole world, adopted at first after motor vehicle emission relevant regulations, just more and more stricter to the restriction of noxious gas emission.But the improvement of pollution of atmosphere does not but make progress.This is mainly because the increase of the volume of traffic etc., but learns according to the investigation result of California, and fault and deteriorated vehicle are not repaired and directly continued to use is the Another reason that causes pollution of atmosphere to aggravate.
Therefore, the noxious gas emission regulation while only relying on new car is inadequate, also needs the exhaust impaired condition in using process to make assurance.
That is to say, exhaust restriction is when manufacturing applicable (also having part to make regular check on) only, and in addition, during not to common enforcement, generation can not cause the restriction regulation of the fault that exhaust quality worsens.
Similarly, for the motor vehicle exhaust emission situation of current sternness, domestic each local government department has been used multiple monitoring method, take Beijing as example:
One, purchase laser remote sensing inspection vehicle, utilized laser telemetry science and technology regulatory measure, forbidden to Huang mark car, violate odd-and-even license plate rule and the set out on a journey Motor Vehicle that travels of exceeding standard is effectively supervised, greatly improved the supervision usefulness to road driving vehicular emission.
Two, completed the construction of I/M institutional network supervisory systems, utilized wireless radio-frequency reading and writing information of vehicles and tail gas detection record, can distinguish quickly and easily by the Motor Vehicle of environmental requirement third pary certification.
Three, build the vehicular emission laboratory with world technology, carry out new car conformity, by conforming to property of car, checking and vehicular emission correlative study work, for vehicular emission from now on, supervise decision-making foundation is provided.
Except monitoring, domestic each local government department has been carried out multiple management method for automobile exhaust pollution, take Beijing as example, strengthens vehicle emission pollution supervision:
One, strict new car management.Carry out state's four emission standards in real earnest, to against regulation will not checking in.
Two, strengthen managing with car.Strict road driving vehicular emission checks, takes road inspection to look into night, remote sensing detects, the modes such as mouthful inspections of going to the capital, the supervision of reinforcement to Huang mark car, freight and the vehicular discharge of going to the capital.
Three, the emergent oversight mechanism of setting up unified supervision, joint law enforcement, localized management, well-concerted interaction, obviously improves automobile pollution control ability.
Four, strengthen ability to supervise construction.Substantially set up take I/M institutional network supervisory systems as relying on, vehicular emission laboratory looks into as technical support, remote sensing examination of law enforcement Yu Lujian road the efficient supervisory system complementing one another, vehicular emission ability to supervise obviously strengthens.
But current inspective regulation method or Shortcomings part, be mainly reflected in following three aspects:
One, real-time:
The method of current various monitoring and improvement all can not obtain the emissions data of vehicle in real time, and accurate evaluation is carried out in the pollution of atmosphere that cannot make car for vehicular discharge, and the inspection of assault formula can only be controlled the discharge of Vehicular exhaust within a period of time.
Two, all vehicles:
Existing inspective regulation method can only be when new car be registered the license, and during vehicle annual test, and to being examined emission from vehicles, assesses during site inspection, cannot monitor for all vehicles.
Three, data statistics:
There is no at present data analysis and the excavation of Vehicular exhaust monitoring, thereby provide data basis to the formulation of various relevant policies.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to carry out quantitative monitoring and analysis for the part being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in existing pollution of atmosphere, and the vehicle that exhaust emissions is exceeded standard carries out effectively supervision and improvement is wanted, and provides a kind of to the supervisory system of the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant and method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention implements according to following technological scheme:
Supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant, comprises vehicle-mounted OBD monitoring diagnosis device and remote monitoring center.
Further, described OBD monitoring diagnosis device is comprised of OBD Interface Module, control module and wireless transport module three parts.
Further, described OBD Interface Module connects car running computer, and control module is connected with OBD Interface Module, and control module is connected with wireless transport module, and wireless transport module is connected to remote monitoring center; Its
Described OBD Interface Module connects car running computer and reads information of vehicles, comprises the each several part parameter of engine speed, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, the adjustment of short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor;
Storage model database and Mishap Database in described control module, data analysis and monitoring to the transmission of OBD Interface Module, and by OBD Interface Module, vehicle is controlled;
To the data of the data of OBD Interface Module transmission and control module, the mode by wireless transmission intercoms with remote monitoring center described wireless transport module mutually.
Further, described model database is through choosing the vehicle of all vehicles, under different operating modes, measure and record the discharge value of each constituent element in tail gas, the each several part parameter of setting up engine speed under different operating modes, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, the adjustment of short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor forms with the corresponding relation of each constituent element of exhaust emissions respectively.
Further, described wireless transport module can adopt GPRS or WCDMA wireless transmission method and remote monitoring center to communicate.
Further, described remote monitoring center comprises remote monitoring server and administration interface.
Further, described remote monitoring server receives the data that OBD monitoring diagnosis device sends by wireless transport module, and administration interface shows real-time vehicle and exhaust emissions information thereof.
A monitoring method to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant, comprises the following steps:
(1) choose the vehicle of all vehicles, under different operating modes, measure and record the discharge value of each constituent element in tail gas, the each several part parameter of setting up engine speed under different operating modes, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, the adjustment of short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor forms with the corresponding relation of each constituent element of exhaust emissions respectively, composition model database;
(2) data and the fault message thereof of OBD monitoring diagnosis device monitoring motor, compile and with model database and fault data in information compare, calculate real-time exhaust emissions data, these data comprise the concrete numerical value of the tail gas constituent element of NOx (NO, NO2), CO, CO2, HC, PM, SOx; Or motor is carried out to power supply, and igniting, fuel delivery is controlled, and records driving cycle number of times;
(3) data of analysis are sent to remote monitoring server by wireless transport module;
(4) remote monitoring center receives the exhaust emissions data of each chassis or the exhaust emissions information of deterioration in real time, to exhaust emissions data and the information collected, remote monitoring center can real-time collecting, gather, arrange relevant data, and by the data report relevant departments that analyze, the vehicle that exhaust emissions is worsened, be convenient to vehicle supervision department and track in time the vehicle owner or driver, supervise it to carry out as early as possible the repairing of dependent failure phenomenon, guarantee the up to standard of exhaust emissions.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The emission status of the data analysis Vehicular exhaust of motor during by Vehicle Driving Cycle, can carry out real-time monitoring to the discharge of Vehicular exhaust, to installing the 7*24 hour continual exhausting control of vehicle all-weather of OBD monitoring diagnosis device additional, statistics emissions data, the discharge vehicle that notes abnormalities, and in due course, vehicle is carried out to necessary control, and can contact in time car owner, for vehicle problem, keep in repair, prevent from causing pollution of atmosphere because of vehicle abnormality.
The enforcement of this monitoring and improvement method, will directly play positive role to improving local pollution of atmosphere, by the real-time monitoring to vehicle exhaust, impels the burning of the middle vehicle motor that travels more abundant, can directly reduce the discharge of PM in tail gas.
For the quantitative analysis of motor vehicle exhaust emission, contribute to relevant departments to formulate scientific and reasonable reduction of discharging policy, farthest save social resources, reduce environmental protection cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of OBD monitoring diagnosis device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, in illustrative examples and the explanation of this invention, is used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant of the present invention, comprises vehicle-mounted OBD monitoring diagnosis device and remote monitoring center.
Further, described OBD monitoring diagnosis device is comprised of OBD Interface Module, control module and wireless transport module three parts.
Further, described OBD Interface Module connects car running computer, and control module is connected with OBD Interface Module, and control module is connected with wireless transport module, and wireless transport module is connected to remote monitoring center; Its
Described OBD Interface Module connects car running computer and reads information of vehicles, comprises the each several part parameter of engine speed, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, the adjustment of short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor;
Storage model database and Mishap Database in described control module, data analysis and monitoring to the transmission of OBD Interface Module, and can to vehicle, control by OBD Interface Module;
To the data of the data of OBD Interface Module transmission and control module, the mode by wireless transmission intercoms with remote monitoring center described wireless transport module mutually.
Further, described model database is through choosing the vehicle of all vehicles, under different operating modes, measure and record the discharge value of each constituent element in tail gas, and the each several part parameter of setting up the adjustment of engine speed under different operating modes, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor forms with the corresponding relation of each constituent element of exhaust emissions respectively.
Further, described wireless transport module can adopt GPRS or WCDMA wireless transmission method and remote monitoring center to communicate.
Further, described remote monitoring center comprises remote monitoring server and administration interface.
Further, described remote monitoring server receives the data that OBD monitoring diagnosis device sends by wireless transport module, and administration interface shows real-time vehicle and exhaust emissions information thereof.
A kind of monitoring method to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant, comprise the following steps: the vehicle of choosing all vehicles, under different operating modes, measure and record the discharge value of each constituent element in tail gas, and the each several part parameter of setting up the adjustment of engine speed under different operating modes, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor forms with the corresponding relation of each constituent element of exhaust emissions respectively, composition model database; Data and the fault message thereof of OBD monitoring diagnosis device monitoring motor, compile and with model database and fault data in information compare, thereby calculate real-time exhaust emissions data, these data comprise the concrete numerical value of the tail gas constituent element of NOx (NO, NO2), CO, CO2, HC, PM, SOx; Or motor is carried out to power supply, and igniting, fuel delivery is controlled, and records driving cycle number of times; The data of analysis are sent to remote monitoring server by wireless transport module; Remote monitoring center receives the exhaust emissions data of each chassis or the exhaust emissions information of deterioration in real time, for exhaust emissions data and the information collected, remote monitoring center can real-time collecting, gather, arrange relevant data, and by the data report relevant departments that analyze, the vehicle worsening for exhaust emissions, be convenient to vehicle supervision department and track in time the vehicle owner or driver, supervise it to carry out as early as possible the repairing of dependent failure phenomenon, guarantee the up to standard of exhaust emissions.
Concrete, system construction drawing of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, this vehicle exhaust monitoring management system has fault diagnosis system, data collection system, data analysis system and data management system, in the control gear of OBD monitoring diagnosis device, store Mishap Database and model database, data management system comprises library file management, storehouse operation and technical documentation, thereby data management system is set up engineering data base by administrative model database and Mishap Database; Fault diagnosis system is obtained fault message by system diagnostics module, and is analyzed with the fault data in Mishap Database, finds out the fault that vehicle is corresponding; Data collection system is responsible for collecting each vehicle (discharge) standard and fault mode, and compares by the information in data analysis system and model database; OBD monitoring diagnosis device sends to the information of detection and diagnosis by communication module the administration interface of remote monitoring server.
Wherein model database is by for any one vehicle, by existing technological means, according to national examination criteria, the instrument and equipment of use exhaust analyzer is recorded the concrete data of the exhaust emissions of normal discharge vehicle under different operating modes, the different operating modes here, refer in different engine, the different speed of a motor vehicle, different water temperatures, different air inflows, different fuel injection amounts, different ignition timing, different lambda sensor numerical value, different air-fuel ratio sensor numerical value, different short-term fuel oils is adjusted and long-term fuel oil is adjusted numerical value, the vehicle running state of different detonation sensor numerical value.Here the concrete data of exhaust emissions, refer at certain hour in the cycle or in one section of mileage, NOx (the NO that motor gives off, NO2), the concrete numerical value of the tail gas constituent element of CO, CO2, HC, PM, SOx, by the collection to above data, arrange and analyze, set up the correlation of exhaust emissions quantity corresponding to the different operating modes of vehicle.
As shown in Figure 2, OBD monitoring diagnosis device is comprised of OBD Interface Module, control module and wireless transport module, OBD Interface Module connects car running computer and reads information of vehicles, comprises the each several part parameter of engine speed, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, the adjustment of short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor;
Data analysis and the monitoring of control module to the transmission of OBD Interface Module, and can be by OBD Interface Module to vehicle power supply, ignition timing, fuel injection quantitys etc. carry out general control; Described wireless transport module intercoms by the mode of wireless transmission and the server of remote monitoring center mutually to the data of OBD Interface Module transmission and the data of control module.
When vehicle launch, by vehicle-mounted 16P diagnostic plug, be this device power supply, this device can enter working state.
When vehicular discharge level is during in normal condition: OBD Interface Module is responsible for communicating with control unit of engine by CAN bus or other modes, OBD Interface Module can read each sensor parameters of control unit of engine transmission in real time, each sensor includes but not limited to engine rotation speed sensor, vehicle speed sensor, cooling-water temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, intake manifold pressure sensor, intake flow sensor, throttle position sensor, battery tension, fuel injection pulsewidth, oil pressure sensor, gasoline pressure transducer, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, short-term fuel oil is adjusted, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor, three-element catalytic transformation efficiency, barometric pressure sensor.OBD Interface Module is transferred to control module by the engine data receiving.Control module is for the data that receive, classify and edit, then contrast with these vehicle effluent standard data that are stored in control module internal memory, thereby calculate real-time exhaust emissions data, these data comprise the concrete numerical value of the tail gas constituent element of NOx (NO, NO2), CO, CO2, HC, PM, SOx.Control module by the exhaust emissions data transmission obtaining to wireless transport module.Wireless transport module encapsulates according to predetermined form obtaining exhaust emissions data, and sends to remote monitoring server by GPRS or WCDMA wireless communication mode.Because the specific encapsulation format of data includes identification data, so remote monitoring server can be identified information of vehicles easily.
When vehicular discharge level is in an aggravated form: OBD Interface Module is responsible for communicating with control unit of engine by CAN bus or other modes, OBD Interface Module can not only read each sensor parameters of control unit of engine transmission in real time, can also read the fault message DTC being stored in control unit of engine, OBD Interface Module can be by the engine data receiving and fault DTC communication to control module.Control module is for the data that receive, classify and edit, according to pre-stored program in control module internal memory, determine whether and will carry out necessary engine control, include but not limited to vehicle power supply control, ignition timing adjustment, fuel injection quantity adjustment.And the driving cycle number of times after recording DTC and producing.Driving cycle refers to, the starting that comprises motor and the periodic duty state stopping.Control module is transferred to wireless transport module by the fault DTC information obtaining and to engine control state and driving cycle number of times.Wireless transport module will obtain DTC information and engine control state and driving cycle number of times be encapsulated according to predetermined form, and sends to remote monitoring server by GPRS or WCDMA wireless transmission method.Because the specific encapsulation format of data includes identification data, so remote monitoring server can be identified information of vehicles easily.
Remote monitoring center can receive the exhaust emissions data of each chassis or the exhaust emissions information of deterioration in real time, for exhaust emissions data and the information collected, remote monitoring center can real-time collecting, gather, arrange relevant data, and by the data report relevant departments that analyze, the vehicle worsening for exhaust emissions, be convenient to vehicle supervision department and track in time the vehicle owner or driver, supervise it to carry out as early as possible the repairing of dependent failure phenomenon, guarantee the up to standard of exhaust emissions.For the quantitative analysis of motor vehicle exhaust emission, also contribute to departments of government to formulate scientific and reasonable reduction of discharging policy, evaluate the environmental benefit that automobile produces, farthest save social resources, reduce environmental protection cost.Make the development of urban transportation and the goal coordination of environmental protection, for the enforcement of other detailed programs provides reliable information, the economic value of environmetal impact is included in to the economic analysis of project, for the formulation of decision process and relevant policies provides reference.
Technological scheme of the present invention is not limited to the restriction of above-mentioned specific embodiment, and the technology distortion that every technological scheme according to the present invention is made, within all falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the supervisory system of the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in pair atmospheric pollutant, is characterized in that: comprise vehicle-mounted OBD monitoring diagnosis device and remote monitoring center.
2. the supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described OBD monitoring diagnosis device is comprised of OBD Interface Module, control module and wireless transport module three parts.
3. the supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described OBD Interface Module connects car running computer, control module is connected with OBD Interface Module, control module is connected with wireless transport module, and wireless transport module is connected to remote monitoring center; Its
Described OBD Interface Module connects car running computer and reads information of vehicles, comprises the each several part parameter of engine speed, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, the adjustment of short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor;
Storage model database and Mishap Database in described control module, data analysis and monitoring to the transmission of OBD Interface Module, and can to vehicle, control by OBD Interface Module;
To the data of the data of OBD Interface Module transmission and control module, the mode by wireless transmission intercoms with remote monitoring center described wireless transport module mutually.
4. the supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described model database is through choosing the vehicle of all vehicles, under different operating modes, measure and record the discharge value of each constituent element in tail gas, and set up engine speed under different operating modes, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, short-term fuel oil is adjusted, long-term fuel oil adjustment, the each several part parameter of detonation sensor forms with the corresponding relation of each constituent element of exhaust emissions respectively.
5. according to the supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that: described wireless transport module adopts GPRS or WCDMA wireless transmission method and remote monitoring center to communicate.
6. the supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described remote monitoring center comprises remote monitoring server and administration interface.
7. the supervisory system to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described remote monitoring server receives the data that OBD monitoring diagnosis device sends by wireless transport module, administration interface shows real-time vehicle and exhaust emissions information thereof.
8. the monitoring method to the pollutant being produced by motor vehicle exhaust emission in atmospheric pollutant, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) choose the vehicle of all vehicles, under different operating modes, measure and record the discharge value of each constituent element in tail gas, and the each several part parameter of setting up the adjustment of engine speed under different operating modes, the speed of a motor vehicle, water temperature, air inflow, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, lambda sensor, air-fuel ratio sensor, short-term fuel oil, long-term fuel oil adjustment, detonation sensor forms with the corresponding relation of each constituent element of exhaust emissions respectively, composition model database;
(2) data and the fault message thereof of OBD monitoring diagnosis device monitoring motor, compile and with model database and fault data in information compare, calculate real-time exhaust emissions data, these data comprise the concrete numerical value of the tail gas constituent element of NOx (NO, NO2), CO, CO2, HC, PM, SOx; Or motor is carried out to power supply, and igniting, fuel delivery is controlled, and records driving cycle number of times;
(3) data of analysis are sent to remote monitoring server by wireless transport module;
(4) remote monitoring center receives the exhaust emissions data of each chassis or the exhaust emissions information of deterioration in real time, to exhaust emissions data and the information collected, remote monitoring center can real-time collecting, gather, arrange relevant data, and by the data report relevant departments that analyze, the vehicle that exhaust emissions is worsened, be convenient to vehicle supervision department and track in time the vehicle owner or driver, supervise it to carry out as early as possible the repairing of dependent failure phenomenon, guarantee the up to standard of exhaust emissions.
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