Electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch that a kind of nickel steel fiber and stainless steel metal fibre are compound and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to functional composite material field, relate to for preventing and treating the electromagnetic shielding plastic of electromagenetic wave radiation and inhibition electromagnetic interference, more specifically say electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch that a kind of nickel steel fiber and stainless steel metal fibre are compound and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the progress of electronic technology and electronics, the progress of technology and the raising of people's quality of life have been brought.But along with the use of electronics, consequent electromagenetic wave radiation has all brought great harm and hidden danger to the safe handling of electronics and the mankind's health.Electromagnetic shielding material is effectively to administer electromagnetic harm, the important means of shielding electromagnetic interference.
Engineering plastics generally do not have electroconductibility and magnetic diffusivity, therefore there is no the function of electromagnetic shielding.In order to realize electromagnetic shielding, often in electronic product, need to install additional by metallic substance to make shielding case or gauze screen, or utilize metallic substance to make the shell of electronic product.Install shielding case/net additional the Design and manufacture of electronics has been brought to cost rising, working efficiency reduction etc. unfavorable factor.Utilize that metal shell causes that product weight increases the weight of, shaping difficulty and cost improves and the series of problems such as corrosion-resistant of metal.
The specific conductivity of material and magnetic permeability are the keys of constituent material electromagnet shield effect.Along with the specific conductivity of material and the raising of magnetic permeability, can realize the reflection loss of electromagenetic wave radiation and absorption loss, reach the object of electromagnetic shielding.Utilization adds the method for conductive filler material in the matrix of plastics, can be that engineering plastics have certain electroconductibility and magnetic diffusivity, thereby realize the electromagnet shield effect of engineering plastics self.The general method adopting, is mainly to utilize carbon fiber or the Stainless Steel Fibre of conduction to prepare conductive plastics as conductive filler material at present.But, in actual fabrication process, electromagnetic property as the fiber of conductive filler material is one of key affecting electromagnetic shielding plastic electromagnet shield effect, and can the distribution of electro-conductive fiber in plastics be form another key that conductive network is realized plastics conduction.Generally speaking, if by steel fiber directly with plastic granule mixed injection molding, steel fiber, by reunion occurring and can not forming good conductive network, often can not reach the object of electromagnetic shielding.So metal fibre conductive filler, before mixing with plastic granule, must carry out the pre-treatment of surface-coated.Pretreated object is to form the uniform coat of one deck on steel fiber surface, and assurance steel fiber was not reunited in the early stage of injection moulding, in injection moulding process, under the effect of temperature and pressure, top coat melting, steel fiber is opened overlap joint, and forms good conductive network.In order to guarantee this performance, coated material select and preparation has significant importance.
Chinese patent 201210098259.5 " preparation method of Stainless Steel Fibre resin base compound conductive plastic " and Chinese patent 201010140117.1 " preparation method of the conductive plastic base particle that contains Stainless Steel Fibre " have all been reported the method for utilizing Stainless Steel Fibre to prepare conductive plastic base particle material, but in these methods: (1) is all to utilize single Stainless Steel Fibre as the basal component of conductive filler material, because stainless steel has different weave constructions, generally there is austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel and duplex stainless steel.Austenitic stainless steel contains higher nickel content, and raw materials cost is expensive, and is nonferromugnetic material, hertzian wave be there is no to the function of absorption loss; (2) relative conductivity of Stainless Steel Fibre is approximately 1/10 of nickel, is difficult to obtain very high effectiveness of shielding; (3) in patent 201010140117.1, need to carry out the coated of twice macromolecular material to Stainless Steel Fibre, and the coated material complex chemical composition adopting, be difficult to control.In patent 201210098259.5, adopted epoxy emulsion and coupling agent complex treatment liquid to carry out coating, had equally certain chemical complicacy, after applying, needed to carry out drying and processing simultaneously, actual production has certain difficulty.Above-mentioned two kinds of preparation methods need to prepare voluntarily chemical coated material, have brought difficulty to the actual preparation of master batch.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that invention will solve
The present invention starts with from the characteristic of metallic substance, it is object that the simplification production process of take improves material property, proposed to utilize the screening component of conjugated fibre of nickel steel fiber and ferritic stainless steel steel fiber as conductive filler material, to obtain the electromagnetic shielding plastic with good electromagnet shield effect and cost performance, the invention provides compound electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch of a kind of nickel steel fiber and stainless steel metal fibre and preparation method thereof.Wherein nickel steel fiber has superior electrical conductivity energy and magnetic property cooperation and excellent antioxidant property, and ferrite stainless steel fiber has ferromagnetic property and lower raw materials cost.Because two kinds of fibers all show certain ferromagnetic characteristic, can realize and obtaining on the basis that requires electromagnet shield effect, reduce electromagnetic reflection loss is increased electromagnetic absorption loss, reach the effect that reduces reflection electromagnetic wave secondary pollution.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch that a kind of nickel steel fiber of the present invention and stainless steel metal fibre are compound, the two kinds of steel fibers of nickel steel fiber and stainless steel metal fibre of take are screening component material, with TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester, carry out the coated pre-treatment in surface respectively, the pellet of two kinds of steel fibers after coated is made to electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch.
Further, the preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch that a kind of nickel steel fiber of the present invention and stainless steel metal fibre are compound, its concrete step is:
Step 1, the coated pre-treatment in nickel steel fiber surface
Nickel steel fiber is carried out to the coated pre-treatment in surface by encasing system, wherein: encasing system comprises steel fiber reel, entrance guide wheel, well heater, container, outlet circular hole, outlet guide wheel and take-up roller, TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester is housed in described container, the two ends of this container are respectively equipped with entrance circular hole and outlet circular hole, the outside of described container is provided with well heater, and this well heater is for the TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of heating container inside; One side of container upper inlet circular hole is provided with steel fiber reel and entrance guide wheel, and a side of container upper outlet circular hole is provided with outlet guide wheel and take-up roller;
Nickel steel fiber passes entrance guide wheel, entrance circular hole, outlet circular hole, outlet guide wheel successively from steel fiber reel, the large 0.1-0.3 millimeter of diameter of the aperture ratio nickel steel fiber of this outlet circular hole, the TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of internal tank is heated to 180 ℃-210 ℃, when nickel steel fiber passes container, surface is wrapped by one deck TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester, coated pretreated nickel steel fiber is wound on take-up roller, nickel steel fiber after to be covered is cooled to after self-vulcanizing, and cutting off into length is the nickel steel fiber cylindrical pellets of 3-6 millimeter;
Step 2, the coated pre-treatment in stainless steel metal fibre surface
Stainless steel metal fibre is carried out to the coated pre-treatment in surface by encasing system, stainless steel metal fibre is passed entrance guide wheel successively from steel fiber reel, entrance circular hole, outlet circular hole, outlet guide wheel, the large 0.1-0.3 millimeter of diameter of the aperture ratio stainless steel metal fibre of this outlet circular hole, the TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of internal tank is heated to 180 ℃-210 ℃, when stainless steel metal fibre is passed container, surface is wrapped by one deck TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester, coated pretreated stainless steel metal fibre is wound on take-up roller, stainless steel metal fibre after to be covered is cooled to after self-vulcanizing, cutting off into length is the stainless steel metal fibre cylindrical pellets of 3-6 millimeter, described stainless steel metal fibre is ferritic stainless steel steel fiber,
Step 3, prepare composite shielding component pellet
Stainless steel metal fibre pellet after nickel steel fiber pellet after step 1 is cut off and step 2 are cut off mixes according to the ratio of weight 1:9 to 9:1, and mixing pellet is put into drum mixer mixing 5-15 minute, makes composite shielding component pellet;
Step 4, prepare electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch
After step 3 completes, in drum mixer, add engineering plastics, wherein: the weight ratio of composite shielding component pellet and engineering plastics is 1:1, mix again after 5-15 minute, putting into forcing machine extrudes at 220 ℃-260 ℃, it is the particle of 10 millimeters that the sticking plaster of extruding is cut off into length, obtains electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch.
Further, in step 1 and step 2, the inner TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of container (4) is all heated to 200 ℃.
Further, in step 4, forcing machine is extruded at 240 ℃.
Further, the engineering plastics in step 4 are ABS or PC or PVC or PP.
A kind of nickel steel fiber of the present invention and the compound electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch of stainless steel metal fibre, be prepared from by above-mentioned preparation method.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following unusual effect:
The electromagnetic shielding plastic that utilizes nickel steel fiber prepared by the present invention and the compound electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch of stainless steel metal fibre to manufacture, according to the GJB GJB6100-2008 of the People's Republic of China (PRC), test, through Coaxial Test Method, test, in the range of frequency of 30MHz-1500MHz, its effectiveness of shielding can reach 40-70dB, more than electromagnetic absorption loss is partly reached to 10-30%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of steel fiber surface encasing system in the present invention;
Label declaration in schematic diagram: 1, steel fiber reel; 2, entrance guide wheel; 3, well heater; 4, container; 5, outlet circular hole; 6, outlet guide wheel; 7, take-up roller.
Embodiment
For further understanding content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch that a kind of nickel steel fiber of the present invention and stainless steel metal fibre are compound, using two kinds of steel fibers of nickel steel fiber and stainless steel metal fibre as screening component material (as conductive filler material component), with TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester, carry out the coated pre-treatment in surface respectively, the pellet of two kinds of steel fibers after coated is made to electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch.Its concrete step is:
Step 1, the coated pre-treatment in nickel steel fiber surface
Nickel steel fiber is carried out to the coated pre-treatment in surface by encasing system, wherein: encasing system comprises steel fiber reel 1, entrance guide wheel 2, well heater 3, container 4, outlet circular hole 5, outlet guide wheel 6 and take-up roller 7 (as shown in Figure 1), TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester is housed in described container 4, the two ends of this container 4 are respectively equipped with entrance circular hole and outlet circular hole 5, the outside of described container 4 is provided with well heater 3, this well heater 3 is for the TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of heating container 4 inside, TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester starts fusing at 170 ℃, 170 ℃-210 ℃ is liquid, for double bond structure, one side of container 4 upper inlet circular holes is provided with steel fiber reel 1 and entrance guide wheel 2, and a side of container 4 upper outlet circular holes 5 is provided with outlet guide wheel 6 and take-up roller 7,
Nickel steel fiber passes entrance guide wheel 2 successively from steel fiber reel 1, entrance circular hole, outlet circular hole 5, outlet guide wheel 6, the large 0.1-0.3 millimeter of diameter of the aperture ratio nickel steel fiber of this outlet circular hole 5, to make the top coat can be even as far as possible, the TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of container 4 inside is heated to 180 ℃-210 ℃, when nickel steel fiber passes container 4, surface is wrapped by one deck TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester, coated pretreated nickel steel fiber is wound on take-up roller 7, nickel steel fiber after to be covered is cooled to after self-vulcanizing, cutting off into length is the nickel steel fiber cylindrical pellets of 3-6 millimeter.
Step 2, the coated pre-treatment in stainless steel metal fibre surface
Stainless steel metal fibre is carried out to the coated pre-treatment in surface by encasing system, stainless steel metal fibre is passed entrance guide wheel 2 successively from steel fiber reel 1, entrance circular hole, outlet circular hole 5, outlet guide wheel 6, the large 0.1-0.3 millimeter of diameter of the aperture ratio stainless steel metal fibre of this outlet circular hole 5, the TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester of container 4 inside is heated to 180 ℃-210 ℃, now TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester is molten state, when stainless steel metal fibre is passed container 4, surface is wrapped by one deck TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester, coated pretreated stainless steel metal fibre is wound on take-up roller 7, stainless steel metal fibre after to be covered is cooled to after self-vulcanizing, cutting off into length is the stainless steel metal fibre cylindrical pellets of 3-6 millimeter, described stainless steel metal fibre is ferritic stainless steel steel fiber.
Step 3, prepare composite shielding component pellet
Stainless steel metal fibre pellet after nickel steel fiber pellet after step 1 is cut off and step 2 are cut off mixes according to the ratio of weight 1:9 to 9:1, and mixing pellet is put into drum mixer mixing 5-15 minute, makes composite shielding component pellet.
Step 4, prepare electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch
After step 3 completes, in drum mixer, add engineering plastics (such as ABS, PC, PVC, PP etc.), wherein: the weight ratio of composite shielding component pellet and engineering plastics is 1:1, mix again after 5-15 minute, putting into forcing machine extrudes at 220 ℃-260 ℃, it is the particle of 10 millimeters that the sticking plaster of extruding is cut off into length, obtains electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch.
The nickel steel fiber and the compound electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch of stainless steel metal fibre that adopt preparation method of the present invention to make, when needs are made engineering plastics parts product, above-mentioned electromagnetic shielding plastic masterbatch and engineering plastics pellet are mixed according to 20-70% volume ratio, by injection moulding, make electronic product plastic shell or the cable outer cladding plastics (replacing existing metallic shield net) with different electromagnet shield effects.Wherein injection temperature need be greater than 220 ℃, with guarantee coating in injection moulding process under temperature pressure function, the dispersion of steel fiber, forms conductive network.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Adopt nickel steel fiber and ferritic stainless steel (Cr12) fiber.By TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester in the vessel in heating to 200 ℃ shown in Fig. 1.Two kinds of fibers carry out coating processing through the device shown in Fig. 1.After processing, steel fiber is cut off to the cylindrical pellets into about 5 millimeter.Nickel fiber pellet and ferrite stainless steel fiber pellet are mixed according to the ratio of weight 1:1, put into drum mixer and mix approximately 10 minutes, make composite shielding component pellet.In drum mixer, the ratio of 1:1 is put into ABS plastic pellet by weight, then mixes after 10 minutes, puts into forcing machine and extrudes at 240 ℃.The sticking plaster of extruding is cut off into the particle of 10 millimeter, obtained the masterbatch of ABS electromagnetic shielding plastic.The masterbatch of ABS electromagnetic shielding plastic and ABS plastic pellet, according to the ratio of volume ratio 40% (specifically referring to that the masterbatch of ABS electromagnetic shielding plastic and the volume ratio of ABS plastic pellet are 40%), are put into mixer and mixed, and mixing time is 10 minutes.Then the masterbatch mixing is put into injection moulding machine, at 240 ℃, carry out injection moulding, being injection molded into diameter is 115 millimeters, and thickness is the ABS plastic plate of 2 millimeters.The testing method of formulating according to the GJB GJB6100-2008 of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is carried out, and this sample its effectiveness of shielding in the range of frequency of 30MHz-1500MHz is 50-62dB after tested, and the loss of intensity that absorption portion causes is 20%.
Embodiment 2
Adopt nickel steel fiber and ferritic stainless steel (Cr12) fiber.By TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester in the vessel in heating to 200 ℃ shown in Fig. 1.Two kinds of fibers carry out coating processing through the device shown in Fig. 1.After processing, steel fiber is cut off to the cylindrical pellets into about 5 millimeter.Nickel fiber pellet and ferrite stainless steel fiber pellet are mixed according to the ratio of weight 2:1, put into drum mixer and mix approximately 10 minutes, make composite shielding component pellet.In drum mixer, the ratio of 1:1 is put into ABS plastic pellet by weight, then mixes after 10 minutes, puts into forcing machine and extrudes at 240 ℃.The sticking plaster of extruding is cut off into the particle of 10 millimeter, obtained the masterbatch of ABS electromagnetic shielding plastic.The masterbatch of electromagnetic shielding plastic and ABS plastic pellet, according to the ratio of volume ratio 40%, are put into mixer and mixed, and mixing time is 10 minutes.Then the masterbatch mixing is put into injection moulding machine, at 240 ℃, carry out injection moulding, being injection molded into diameter is 115 millimeters, and thickness is the ABS plastic plate of 2 millimeters.The testing method of formulating according to the GJB GJB6100-2008 of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is carried out, and this sample its effectiveness of shielding in the range of frequency of 30MHz-1500MHz is 62-70dB after tested, and the loss of intensity that absorption portion causes is 16%.
Embodiment 3
Adopt nickel steel fiber and ferritic stainless steel (Cr12) fiber.By TPEE thermoplastic elastic polyester in the vessel in heating to 200 ℃ shown in Fig. 1.Two kinds of fibers carry out coating processing through the device shown in Fig. 1.After processing, steel fiber is cut off to the cylindrical pellets into about 5 millimeter.Nickel fiber pellet and ferrite stainless steel fiber pellet are mixed according to the ratio of weight 1:2, put into drum mixer and mix approximately 10 minutes, make composite shielding component pellet.In drum mixer, the ratio of 1:1 is put into ABS plastic pellet by weight, then mixes after 10 minutes, puts into forcing machine and extrudes at 240 ℃.The sticking plaster of extruding is cut off into the particle of 10 millimeter, obtained the masterbatch of ABS electromagnetic shielding plastic.The masterbatch of electromagnetic shielding plastic and ABS plastic pellet, according to the ratio of volume ratio 48%, are put into mixer and mixed, and mixing time is 10 minutes.Then the masterbatch mixing is put into injection moulding machine, at 240 ℃, carry out injection moulding, being injection molded into diameter is 115 millimeters, and thickness is the ABS plastic plate of 2 millimeters.The testing method of formulating according to the GJB GJB6100-2008 of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is carried out, and this sample its effectiveness of shielding in the range of frequency of 30MHz-1500MHz is 45-53dB after tested, and the loss of intensity that absorption portion causes is 26%.