CN104072189A - Method for preparing light porous sintering material by red mud and plant residues - Google Patents
Method for preparing light porous sintering material by red mud and plant residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN104072189A CN104072189A CN201410321014.3A CN201410321014A CN104072189A CN 104072189 A CN104072189 A CN 104072189A CN 201410321014 A CN201410321014 A CN 201410321014A CN 104072189 A CN104072189 A CN 104072189A
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- red mud
- plant residue
- light porous
- agglomerated material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a light porous sintering material by red mud and plant residues. The method comprises the following steps: by using the red mud with the water content being less than or equal to 65wt% and the plant residues with the water content being less than 70wt%, preparing and mixing materials; rolling and mixing; moulding; and sintering to obtain the light porous sintering material. The method which utilizes waste red mud and plant residues wide in source and large in output can produce serial products such as water permeable paving products, filtering products, products for sound absorbing materials, catalytic products, light panels or heat-insulating and sound-proofing bricks which are wide in purpose and high in value with low cost. The method has industrial competitiveness and good investment economical benefit. Meanwhile, not only are a lot of clay resources and non-renewable fuel coal as building materials and chemical product raw materials saved to realize industrial emission reduction of Co2, but also the pollution of waste pollutants red mud and plant residues to water, soil and air can be effectively solved, and secondary disasters are prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to manufacture the method for light porous agglomerated material, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing industrial waste red mud and plant residue to manufacture light porous agglomerated material.
Background technology
Red mud is to extract the fines strong basicity solid waste producing in alumina process taking bauxite as raw material, and one ton of aluminum oxide of every production, approximately produces 0.8～2 ton of red mud.The red mud producing according to extraction process difference is called Bayer process red mud, red mud from sintering process and integrated process red mud.The physical properties of red mud is: particle diameter 0.088～0.25mm, proportion 2.7～2.9, unit weight 0.8～1,1200～1250 DEG C of fusing points.Red mud mineralogical composition complexity, essential mineral is aragonite and calcite, and content is 60～65%, is secondly opal, gibbsite, pyrrhosiderite, what content was less is titanium ore, spathic iron ore, urao, water glass, sodium aluminate and caustic soda, and pH value is generally more than 13.Its chemical composition has difference with bauxite grade and extraction process, is roughly:
Bayer process red mud: CaO 2～8%, SiO
23～20%, Al
2o
310～20%, Fe
2o
330～60%, MgO 0.8～1.5%, Na
2o 2～10%, K
2o 0.2～1.5%, TiO
2trace～10%, loss on ignition 10～15%;
Red mud from sintering process: CaO 46～49%, SiO
220～23%, Al
2o
35～7%, Fe
2o
37～10%, MgO 1.2～1.6%, Na
2o 2.5～3%, K
2o 0.2～0.5%, TiO
22.5～3%, loss on ignition 6～10%;
Integrated process red mud: CaO 43.7～47%, SiO
220～21%, Al
2o
35.4～7.5%, Fe
2o
36.2～7.5%, MgO 0.5～1.3%, Na
2o 2.8～8%, K
2o 0.5～0.8%, TiO
26.1～7.7%.
China is alumina producing big country, within 2009, produces aluminum oxide and just reaches 2,378 ten thousand tons, accounts for 30% of Gross World Product, nearly 3,000 ten thousand tons of the red mud of generation.At present, red mud comprehensive utilization still belongs to global problem, in the world red mud is mainly adopted to the processing mode of storing up earthing.China red mud comprehensive utilization recent two decades obtains the great attention of each side, has carried out interdisciplinary, multi-field comprehensive utilization technique research work, is existingly utilizing red mud to manufacture mainly to assault fortified position aspect porous sintered material research direction as follows:
1, producing building brick: coal is brick with the extrusion moulding of biaxial rneader mixing auger, dry difficulty, transform shape is large, and more seriously because alkali content is high, general scum becomes mildewed, and is repelled by user.
2, Chemical bond ceramic composite, with the red mud dry powder Substitute For Partial porcelain mud materials after impurity elimination, oven dry, grinding, produce ceramic composite, its impurity elimination, oven dry, grinding energy are high, because of red mud chemical composition feature and fluctuation large, pottery color and luster, intensity, yield rate control difficulty, cause salable product cost significantly to rise.
3, heat insulating refractory material: fire refractory materials by the red mud Substitute For Partial refractory mortar after impurity elimination, oven dry, grinding, or the red mud powder of processing with impurity elimination ovendry power mill and fire-resistant light aggregate and refractory mortar add whipping agent roasting and produce heat insulating refractory material, because the fusing point of red mud own is on the low side, impurity elimination, oven dry, grinding energy are higher again, and do not make substantial breakthroughs.
Above-mentioned all, though there is the input of national huge scientific research and development fund, because the characteristic of red mud and shortage have the gordian technique of industrial competitiveness, China's red mud comprehensive utilization ratio is only 4%, and accumulative total volume of cargo in storage reaches 3,000,000,000,000 tons.Red mud is stored up in a large number, and both land occupation, pollution water and soil, wasted again resource.
On the other hand, a large amount of plant residues thrown aside landfill or igniting burn as straw straw, both caused environmental pollution and potential safety hazard, produced again more serious water and soil and atmospheric pollution and secondary disaster.
Secondly, the functional porous sheet material of existing pottery or ceramic-like or special section are all to select limited meticulous porcelain mud, do pore-creating agent through foaming or adding expensive organic resin, after moulding, in professional ceramic kiln, adopt combustion gas, fuel oil or electrothermal method calcining, or calcine and make with bavin, the coal-fired radiation heating of high-quality; Existing perforated brick adopts cementitious materials foaming or makes the barren concrete of porous, or adopts aluminium powder foaming steam curing process to produce.These processing methodes are not only the limited natural resources of waste, have increased environmental pollution, more make cost occupy high, apply limited.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of technique simple, low investment, less energy-consumption, and comprehensive utilization red mud and plant residue are produced the method with industrial competitiveness, broad-spectrum light porous agglomerated material.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
Manufacture a method for light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue, taking red mud and plant residue as main raw material, by the batching of getting the raw materials ready, spreading mixing, moulding, calcining, make light porous agglomerated material; The mass ratio of described red mud and plant residue is red mud: plant residue=97～50:3～50; Described calcining refers in tunnel furnace, annular kiln, stoving oven or electric furnace, at 900 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and in oxidizing atmosphere, weak oxide atmosphere, reducing atmosphere or weak reducing atmosphere, thermal treatment 1～48h.
Further, after moulding, before sending into and calcining in tunnel furnace, annular kiln, stoving oven or electric furnace, first moulding sample is placed on to retort furnace pilot scale and burns, to optimize optimum calcinating temperature scope.
Further, described red mud water ratio is≤65 wt%; Naturally after storing up, the red mud of the water ratio < 15wt% of dry sclerosis need be got the raw materials ready through comminution pretreatment, and the pre-treatment of need dewatering of the red mud of water ratio > 65 wt% is got the raw materials ready.Adopting red mud is the physical propertys such as the plasticoviscosity of utilizing red mud particle diameter thin, fabulous (can spreading sticky and plant residue) and low melting point (1200～1250 DEG C) as main raw material, due to the fabulous plasticity-of moisture red mud, adopt and force to roll extruding hybrid technique, can save a large amount of oven dry and grinding energy, simultaneously, so that moulding and utilize the low investment Industrial Stoves such as tunnel furnace, annular kiln and existing porcelain brick production line significantly reduces the useless cost of investment of profit.
Further, described plant residue is one or more in vinasse, the dregs of a decoction, methane slag, manioc waste, husk, bagasse, straw, linen-cotton beans pod stalk chip, corn and Chinese sorghum class stalk chip, wood chip etc., water ratio < 70 wt%.Derive from mineralogical composition and the chemical composition of bayer's process, sintering process or integrated process red mud and have pore-creating concurrently and make after the mixed rolling evenly of carbon functional plant residue, pyrolysis gasification burning forms passage, hole or carbonization pyrolysis gasification and produces activated carbon completely, manufactures economically the porous sintered material of different qualities and different purposes.And the heat that plant residue organic cracking gasification, and combustion produces, can be used as unique thermal source in stable sintering process or part of heat energy with fuel saving cost, reduces production energy consumption and production cost.
Further, in described batching, add auxiliary material, add-on is 0～35% of main raw material quality.
Further, described auxiliary material is one or more in whipping agent, fusing assistant, sintering agent, solidifying agent, catalyzer, coal gangue, coal, phosphorus slag, cullet etc.Wherein, whipping agent can be commercially available micro foam agent etc., and fusing assistant can be boride, feldspar, glass powder etc., and sintering agent can be halogenide etc.; Solidifying agent can be cement, lime, pyrophyllite powder etc., and catalyzer can be containing compounds such as rare earth, titanium, vanadium, strontium, copper, chromium.Sintering agent/fusing assistant in harmful alkali sodium and potassium and the auxiliary material that is difficult in red mud separate is if feldspar, boride, glass powder etc. are as fluxing burning component, and acting in conjunction, to improve coking property, reduces firing temperature.
Further, described spreading mix adopt crushing mill or repeatedly extrusion machine carry out spreading mixing and homogeneous.
Further, described moulding adopts compression molding, extrusion molding, roll forming or slurry casting moulding.
Further, described oxidizing atmosphere refers to that in waste gas, oxygen level is the calcination atmosphere of 8～18 v/v%; Weak oxide atmosphere refers to that in waste gas, oxygen level is the calcination atmosphere of 1～7 v/v%; Reducing atmosphere refers to that in stove, CO concentration is the calcination atmosphere of 7～21 v/v%; Weak reducing atmosphere refers to that in stove, CO concentration is the calcination atmosphere of 1～6 v/v%.While firing not containing the porous material of gac as floor file porous permeable material, infrared porous ceramic plate, thermal storage and energy accumulation porous material etc., adopt oxidizing atmosphere to calcine; While firing containing a small amount of gac porous material as filtration and infiltration porous material, sound-absorbing porous material etc., adopt weak oxide atmosphere or weak reducing atmosphere calcining; Fire containing gac porous material as employing reducing atmosphere calcinings such as catalysis cellular ceramic substrate materials.
Can be tabular, brick shape, tubbiness or different form according to the shape of the light porous agglomerated material of the inventive method manufacture, comprise floor file water-permeable plate or brick, filtration and infiltration porous material is as plate, brick, bucket or special-shaped material for filtration and infiltration, catalytic treatment uses cellular ceramic substrate material as porous plate, brick or special-shaped catalytic material, sound-absorbing porous material is as acoustic board, brick or special-shaped sound-absorbing part, thermal storage and energy accumulation porous material, infrared porous pottery urn burner plate and lightweight heat-proof sound-absorbing material are as lightweight panels or brick etc.
In the present invention, the per-cent that does not indicate especially unit is mass percent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) technique simple, invest little, industrial scale is also changeable, and the inventive method is that semi-wet method technique is difficult for airborne dust, the environmental issue of generation is easy to process, and is beneficial to popularization.
(2) research shows, after plant residue and red mud spreading mix, show good plastic molding characteristic, and after plant residue is wrapped by red mud, according to the variation of temperature and oxygen level, can small portion pyrolysis gasification generate gac, most of pyrolysis gasification only remaining a small amount of gac or completely pyrolysis gasification oxidation after-flame leave cavity or passage.Utilize source is wide, output is large waste red mud and plant residue, can be with low cost production purposes wide and be worth higher water-permeable product floor file for, filter use product, product for sound-absorbing material, the series product such as product, lightweight panels or heat-insulating sound-insulating brick for catalysis.The product that utilizes the inventive method manufacture depending on selecting materials, proportioning is different with processing parameter, its design unit weight is adjustable, gac content is adjustable, intensity is adjustable, water-permeable is adjustable; When adsorption filtration sewage, the clearance of organic and inorganic thing is high, and the material after adsorption filtration is had to fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal treatment 2h, organic and inorganic thing clearance > 90% in sewage after ten circulations; Sound absorbing coefficient and thermal conductivity also can design modifyings; Add the porous plate of catalyzer in 400 DEG C of containers, contaminants in gas clearance > 99%; Because plant residue organic cracking gasification, and combustion produces heat, after recovery, can save 30～100% fuel consumption.The product of the inventive method manufacture is equal to/is better than existing portioned product on market, and a large amount of product innovations can be provided, and has industrial competitiveness, has good investment economy.
(3) comprehensive utilization red mud and plant residue are main manufacture building materials and Chemicals, can save a large amount of clay resources and non-renewable fire coal, realize industry CO
2reduce discharging.
(4) can effectively dissolve waste pollutant red mud and plant residue water, soil, atmospheric pollution to environment and prevent secondary disaster.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
embodiment 1
Starting material: main raw material is selected red mud from sintering process (naturally draining moisture content 36.3 wt%) and plant residue (the centrifuge dehydration vinasse of brewery, moisture content 52 wt%; Husk, moisture content 2 wt%), auxiliary material is selected coal gangue (average Lower heat value 942kcal/kg, makes powder with Raymond mill) and solidifying agent cement.
By red mud 1500kg, plant residue 500kg(wherein, vinasse 200kg, husk 300kg) with auxiliary material 400kg(wherein, colliery powder 340kg, cement flour 60kg) through batching, wheel roll over spreading be mixed into homogeneous hygrometric state material; Make respectively the block fragment of brick material of 240*115*53mm and be pressed into 30*300*300mm plate with hydropress containing wet stock mixed, the sclerosis of code heap; The fragment of brick making and plate material are first tested with retort furnace, selected firing temperature is after 950～1130 DEG C of scopes, by brick-shaped material kiln dolly in load-out tunnel together with plate-like material, enter tunnel furnace 980 DEG C～1080 DEG C high temperature section, under the weak oxide atmosphere of 1～3 v/v %, calcine 70min at control oxygen content of waste gas, make sintered perforated brick and porous plate.
Perforated brick shape material tests result: size 229*110*49, unit weight 0.69 g/cm
3, gac content 4.3%, resistance to compression 8.9 MPa, anti-folding 2.5MPa; The tabular material tests result of porous: size 27*282*283, unit weight 0.72 g/cm
3, gac content 3.1%, resistance to compression 8.1 MPa, anti-folding 2.4MPa.
Be laid on ground with perforated brick and the plate of above-mentioned sintering, permeable speed reaches 2100g/m
2min, shows fabulous water-permeable; Clearance>=98.6% while being used for filtering sewage, show that adsorption filtration ability is good, one deck perforated brick or porous plate can filter out clear water, and have fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal treatment 2h, and after ten circulations, in sewage, organic and inorganic thing clearance still can reach 96.5%; Perforated brick and porous plate earth are embedded in to ball milling machine room and demonstrate good acoustically effective, 10m place noise drops to 69.7db from 90db, and sound absorbing coefficient 1000Hz is that 0.81,2000Hz is 0.91; For building heat preservation and insulation and the capacity 500kg/m of demonstration by laying bricks or stones
3aerated Concrete is suitable, and thermal conductivity is 0.13w/mk.
embodiment 2
Starting material: main raw material is selected Bayer process red mud (naturally drain and stored up sclerosis, moisture content 14.7 wt%) and plant residue (the centrifuge dehydration vinasse of brewery, moisture content 47 wt%), does not add auxiliary material.
By red mud 1500kg(red mud precrushing), vinasse 500kg rolles over spreading through wheel and is mixed into homogeneous hygrometric state material; Make respectively the block fragment of brick material of 240*115*53mm and be pressed into 30*300*300mm plate with extrusion machine containing wet stock, code heap mixed; The fragment of brick making and plate material are first tested with retort furnace, selected firing temperature is after 920～1080 DEG C of scopes, by brick-shaped material kiln dolly in load-out tunnel together with plate-like material, enter tunnel furnace 960 DEG C～1060 DEG C high temperature section, under the oxidizing atmosphere of controlling oxygen content of waste gas 9～11 v/v%, calcine 1.5h, make sintered perforated brick and porous plate.
Perforated brick shape material tests result: size 232*111*50, unit weight 0.67 g/cm
3, gac content 0.3%, resistance to compression 9.9 MPa, anti-folding 2.9MPa; The tabular material tests result of porous: size 26*287*289, unit weight 0.71g/cm
3, gac content 0%, resistance to compression 9.6MPa, anti-folding 3.2MPa.
Be laid on ground with perforated brick and the plate of above-mentioned sintering, permeable speed reaches 1450g/m
2min, shows fabulous water-permeable; The clearance > 98% of organic and inorganic thing while being used for filtering sewage, show that adsorption filtration ability is good, one deck perforated brick or porous plate can filter out clear water, and have fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal treatment 2h, after ten circulations, in sewage, organic and inorganic thing clearance still reaches 96%; Perforated brick and porous plate earth are embedded in to ball milling machine room and demonstrate good acoustically effective, doorway and outdoor 10m place noise drop to 79db from 117db, and sound absorbing coefficient 1000Hz is that 0.81,2000Hz is 0.91; Be used for building by laying bricks or stones and demonstrate heat preservation and insulation and capacity 500kg/m
3aerated Concrete is suitable, and thermal conductivity is 0.059w/mk.
embodiment 3
Starting material: main raw material is selected red mud from sintering process (naturally draining moisture content 31.3 wt%) and plant residue (the centrifuge dehydration vinasse of brewery, moisture content 52 wt%; Waste wood, moisture content 3 wt%), auxiliary material is selected fusing assistant Feldspar Powder.
To be red mud 1400kg, plant residue 600kg(wherein, vinasse 240kg, waste wood 360kg) with auxiliary material Feldspar Powder 200kg through batching, wheel roll over spreading be mixed into homogeneous hygrometric state material; By mixed homogeneous hygrometric state material, first with retort furnace test, selected firing temperature, after 950～1100 DEG C of scopes, then is pressed into 30*300*300mm plate with porcelain brick production line press; By the tabular material obtaining in porcelain brick production line tunnel furnace 1030 DEG C of high temperature section, control waste gas containing calcining 1h under the weak oxide atmosphere of oxygen 7 v/v %, make sintered porous plate.
The tabular material tests result of porous: size 28*286*289, unit weight 0.45g/cm
3, gac content 0%, resistance to compression 7.4MPa, anti-folding 2.3MPa.
Be laid on ground with the porous plate of above-mentioned sintering, permeable speed reaches 1650g/m
2min, shows fabulous water-permeable; While being used for filtering sewage, the sample rate of going of organic and inorganic thing reaches 98.3%, show that adsorption filtration ability is good, one deck porous plate can filter out clear water, and has fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal treatment 2h, and in ten sewage that circulate, organic and inorganic thing clearance still reaches 96%; Porous plate is embedded in to ball milling machine room and demonstrates good acoustically effective, outdoor 10m place drops to 92db from 121db, and sound absorbing coefficient 1000Hz is that 0.82,2000Hz is 0.93; Be used for building by laying bricks or stones and demonstrate heat preservation and insulation and capacity 500kg/m
3aerated Concrete is suitable, thermal conductivity 0.13w/mk.
embodiment 4
Starting material: main raw material is selected integrated process red mud (moisture content 51.1 wt%) and plant residue (manioc waste, moisture content 63 wt%; Straw and the cotton stalk pulverized, moisture content 4 wt%), auxiliary material is selected hard coal (average Lower heat value 5645kcal/kg, makes coal dust with Raymond mill) and solidifying agent lime.
By red mud 1340kg, plant residue 860kg(wherein manioc waste 160kg, cotton stalk considers 200kg, straw bits 500kg to be worth doing) and wherein coal dust 20kg, lime 60kg of auxiliary material 80kg() be mixed into homogeneous hygrometric state material through batching, wheel rolling spreading; Mixed hygrometric state material is injected in frame, add and be pressed into 240*600*600mm piece material with hydropress, code heap; By the piece material cutting making, first test with retort furnace, selected firing temperature is after 910～1100 DEG C of scopes, block material code is entered in 24 trolley kilns, in annular kiln, 950 DEG C～1050 DEG C high temperature section, in the reducing atmosphere of coal and sealing annular kiln air intake and venting hole, (in annular kiln, it is 0 that coal sealing kiln enters oxygen level after round, CO concentration is 7～21 v/v %) lower calcining 46h, makes sintered perforated brick.
Perforated brick shape material tests result: size 232*579*576, unit weight 0.39 g/cm
3, gac content 7.7%, resistance to compression 7.6MPa, anti-folding 2.3MPa.
Be laid on ground with the perforated brick of above-mentioned sintering, permeable speed reaches 1350g/m
2min, shows fabulous water-permeable; While being used for filtering sewage, the clearance of organic and inorganic thing reaches 99.8%, show that adsorption filtration ability is good, one deck perforated brick can filter out clear water, and has fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal treatment 2h, and in ten circulating sewages, organic and inorganic thing clearance still reaches 98%; Perforated brick is built by laying bricks or stones in ball milling machine room and demonstrated good acoustically effective, and outdoor noise 10m place drops to 73db from 98db, and sound absorbing coefficient 1000Hz is that 0.83,2000Hz is 0.92; Thermal conductivity is 0.063w/mk.
embodiment 5
Starting material: main raw material is selected red mud from sintering process (naturally draining moisture content 26.8 wt%) and plant residue (waste wood, cotton stalk chip, moisture content 4.3 wt%), and auxiliary material is selected catalyzer rare earth nitrate and titanyl sulfate solution.
By auxiliary material 2.2kg(wherein, rare earth nitrate 0.73kg, the titanyl sulfate solution 1.47kg of 40 wt %) the water-soluble 1 wt% solution that is diluted to, and with plant residue 640kg(wherein, waste wood 440kg, cotton stalk bits 200kg) fully mix, natural absorption dehydration, then roll over spreading with red mud 1340kg through batching, wheel and be mixed into homogeneous hygrometric state material; Be pressed into 60*300*300mm plate containing wet stock with hydropress by mixed, code heap; The plate material making is first tested with retort furnace, selected firing temperature is after 950～1120 DEG C of scopes, by plate-like material load-out tunnel formula stoving oven special cart, enter gas calcining stove 1000 DEG C of high temperature section, under the weak reducing atmosphere of controlling CO concentration 3～5 v/v %, calcine 2h, make hole and contain the sintered porous plate with catalyst activity charcoal.
The tabular material tests result of porous: size 56*282*279, unit weight 0.49g/cm
3, gac content 8%, resistance to compression 8.7MPa, anti-folding 3.1MPa.
Be laid on ground with the porous plate of above-mentioned sintering, permeable speed reaches 1070g/m
2min, shows fabulous water-permeable; While being used for filtering sewage, the clearance of organic and inorganic thing reaches 99.8%, show that adsorption filtration ability is good, one deck porous plate can filter out clear water, and has fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal reductions processing 2h, and after ten circulations, in sewage, organic and inorganic thing clearance still reaches 96.1%; Porous plate is embedded in to ball milling machine room and demonstrates good acoustically effective, outdoor noise 10m place drops to 89db from 113db, and sound absorbing coefficient 1000Hz is that 0.82,2000Hz is 0.93; Thermal conductivity is 0.174w/mk; Cutting into slices with this porous block is that 8mm thin plate is placed in 400 DEG C of pipe containers, for catalyzed oxidation rubbish foreign odor thing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan, after porous catalyst material in these 400 DEG C of containers without any foreign odor, do not detect PM2.5, contaminants in gas clearance > 99.99%, has demonstrated catalyzed oxidation completely and has decomposed and gas filtration capacity.
embodiment 6
Starting material: main raw material is selected red mud from sintering process (moisture content 48 wt%) and plant residue (vinasse moisture content 57 wt%, the kaoliang stalk bits of pulverizing, moisture content 3 wt%; The beanpod bits of pulverizing, moisture content 3 wt %), auxiliary material is selected solidifying agent cement and pyrophyllite powder.
By red mud 100kg, plant residue 100kg(wherein, vinasse 40kg, kaoliang stalk bits 40kg, beanpod bits 20kg) with auxiliary material 60kg(wherein, cement 10kg, pyrophyllite powder 50kg) roll over spreading through batching, wheel and be mixed into homogeneous hygrometric state material; The hygrometric state material of homogeneous is injected in frame, be pressed into the piece material of 250*250*30 with hydropress, store up solidify after, be placed in and in electric furnace, be warming up to 400 DEG C of closed furnace doors, be warming up to 1020 DEG C, the lower constant temperature 22h of reducing atmosphere (CO concentration is 21v/v%) in severe depletion of oxygen in stove, then power-off is cooled to CO in 200 DEG C of eliminating stoves, takes out agglomerate material.
Sintered material detected result: size 237*241*26mm, capacity 0.23g/cm
3, gac content 11.6%, resistance to compression 3.1MPa, anti-folding 1.2MPa.
Be laid on ground with above-mentioned agglomerate material, permeable speed reaches 2470g/m
2min, shows fabulous water-permeable; While being used for filtering sewage, the clearance of organic and inorganic thing reaches 99.99%, show that adsorption filtration ability is good, one deck perforated brick can filter out clear water, and has fabulous regenerative power at 500 DEG C of thermal treatment 2h, and in ten circulating sewages, organic and inorganic thing clearance still reaches 96%; Perforated brick is built by laying bricks or stones in ball milling machine room and demonstrated good acoustically effective, and outdoor noise 10m place drops to 61db from 97db, and sound absorbing coefficient 1000Hz is that 0.83,2000Hz is 0.93; Thermal conductivity is 0.039w/mk.
Claims (9)
1. a method of manufacturing light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue, is characterized in that: taking red mud and plant residue as main raw material, by the batching of getting the raw materials ready, spreading mixing, moulding, calcining, make light porous agglomerated material; The mass ratio of described red mud and plant residue is red mud: plant residue=97～50:3～50; Described calcining refers in tunnel furnace, annular kiln, stoving oven or electric furnace, at 900 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and in oxidizing atmosphere, weak oxide atmosphere, reducing atmosphere or weak reducing atmosphere, thermal treatment 1～48h.
2. manufacture according to claim 1 the method for light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue, it is characterized in that: after moulding, before sending into and calcining in tunnel furnace, annular kiln, stoving oven or electric furnace, first moulding sample is placed on to retort furnace pilot scale and burns, to optimize optimum calcinating temperature scope.
3. according to the method for manufacturing light porous agglomerated material described in claim 1 or 2 with red mud and plant residue, it is characterized in that: described red mud water ratio is≤65 wt%; Naturally after storing up, the red mud of the water ratio < 15wt% of dry sclerosis need be got the raw materials ready through comminution pretreatment, and the pre-treatment of need dewatering of the red mud of water ratio > 65 wt% is got the raw materials ready.
4. according to the method for manufacturing light porous agglomerated material described in claim 1～3 with red mud and plant residue, it is characterized in that: described plant residue is one or more in vinasse, the dregs of a decoction, methane slag, manioc waste, husk, bagasse, straw, linen-cotton beans pod stalk chip, corn and Chinese sorghum class stalk chip, wood chip, water ratio < 70 wt%.
5. according to the described method of manufacturing light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: in described batching, add auxiliary material, add-on is 0～35% of main raw material quality.
6. the method for manufacturing according to claim 5 light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is one or more in whipping agent, fusing assistant, sintering agent, solidifying agent, catalyzer, coal gangue, coal, phosphorus slag, cullet.
7. according to the described method of manufacturing light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue of one of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: described spreading mixing employing crushing mill or repeatedly extrusion machine carry out spreading mixing and homogeneous.
8. according to the described method of manufacturing light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue of one of claim 1～7, it is characterized in that: described moulding adopts compression molding, extrusion molding, roll forming or slurry casting moulding.
9. according to the described method of manufacturing light porous agglomerated material with red mud and plant residue of one of claim 1～8, it is characterized in that: described oxidizing atmosphere refers to that in waste gas, oxygen level is 8～18 v/v%; Weak oxide atmosphere refers to that in waste gas, oxygen level is 1～7 v/v%; Reducing atmosphere refers to that in stove, CO concentration is 7～21 v/v%; Weak reducing atmosphere refers to that in stove, CO concentration is 1～6 v/v%.
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Effective date of registration: 20161110 Address after: 410205 Hunan province Changsha Wenxuan High-tech Development Zone, Road No. 27 Lu Valley Yuyuan D3-101 building two floor Patentee after: CHANGSHA ZICHEN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 410013 Hunan province high tech Development Zone C2 group Binjiang fortune Silicon Valley building, room 5, building 510, room Patentee before: Yin Xiaolin |