CN110104979A - A method of gangue lightweight aggregate is prepared using belt sintering - Google Patents

A method of gangue lightweight aggregate is prepared using belt sintering Download PDF

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CN110104979A
CN110104979A CN201910407232.1A CN201910407232A CN110104979A CN 110104979 A CN110104979 A CN 110104979A CN 201910407232 A CN201910407232 A CN 201910407232A CN 110104979 A CN110104979 A CN 110104979A
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sintering
gangue
lightweight aggregate
crushed
preparing
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CN110104979B (en
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朱德庆
潘建
郭正启
李启厚
杨聪聪
李紫云
梁钟仁
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Anhui Huaihai New Material Co ltd
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Central South University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02Treatment
    • C04B20/04Heat treatment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, comprising the following steps: broken: bulk gangue being crushed to -8mm, obtains broken gangue;Mixing: broken gangue and compound additive, fuel and water are sufficiently mixed, blending ore is obtained;Granulation: bead is made in blending ore in pelletising drum;Sintering: by raw material bead, cloth, igniting, down draft sintering and exhausting are cooling in strand exhaust sintering machine, obtain sintering feed;Broken and classification: sintering feed is crushed and is sieved, lightweight aggregate is obtained.The gas permeability that mixture granulation performance can either be strengthened in method of the invention, improve mixture, improve the function of sintering usage factor and yield rate, have effects that fluxing agent, foaming agent again, reduction system liquid phase forming temperature and promotion gangue lightweight aggregate expansion, to optimize lightweight aggregate institutional framework, its intensity is significantly improved, energy consumption is reduced.

Description

A method of gangue lightweight aggregate is prepared using belt sintering
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste technical field of comprehensive utilization, and in particular to a kind of to prepare the light bone of gangue using belt sintering The method of material.
Background technique
Gangue yield accounts for the 15~20% of coal yield, and China is maximum coal production and consumption in the world State, and maximum gangue producing country in the world.2017,34.45 hundred million tons of China calculated, gangue yield is up to accordingly 6.5 hundred million tons or so.Currently, the method for gangue comprehensive utilization has very much, such as the comprehensive utilization recycling of coal gangue power generation, gangue Charcoal, coal gangue baked brick, cement raw material, devitrified glass, paveio(u)r etc..Although these technologies can be such that gangue obtains centainly Utilization in degree, but handle the gangue that gangue amount is limited, can not much digest flood tide stockpiling and generate.In gangue Contain a large amount of SiO2、Al3O2、Fe2O3, elements, chemical composition and the physico-chemical property such as CaO it is very close with clay, be suitable for Make lightweight aggregate.But in gangue contained a large amount of carbon residue, organic matter and sulfur content to the intensity of lightweight aggregate, heap density and Water imbibition has adverse effect on, and therefore, gangue needs are further processed, and improves its physical and chemical performance.Currently, China produces coal Spoil lightweight aggregate is still in the junior stage, and processing method is broadly divided into two kinds, i.e. sintering process produces porous sintered material and revolution Kiln method produces dilatancy gangue lightweight aggregate.Either sintering process or kiln process are all directly with untreated raw material High-temperature concretion is carried out, lightweight aggregate is caused to cause internal stress to increase because generating gas in pyroprocess, so that explosion causes at powder Yield rate is low.In addition, current sintering process and kiln process poor product quality, the uniformity is low and enlarged can not produce, thus The gangue storage of flood tide can not be consumed on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yield high, intensity height, uniform quality and environmental friendly use belt sintering system The method of standby gangue lightweight aggregate.
This method that gangue lightweight aggregate is prepared using belt sintering of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1) it is crushed: bulk gangue being crushed to -8mm, obtains broken gangue;
2) it mixes: gangue broken in step 1) being sufficiently mixed with compound additive, fuel and water, is obtained Blending ore;
Wherein: compound additive is made of the following components according to mass percent:
Sodium humate 30%~50%, magnetic iron ore 10%~20%, lime stone 10%~30%, surplus are quick lime;
3) it pelletizes: raw material bead is made in blending ore obtained in step 2) in pelletising drum;
4) be sintered: by the raw material bead in step 3) in strand exhaust sintering machine cloth, igniting, down draft sintering and exhausting It is cooling, obtain sintering feed;
5) it is crushed and is classified: the sintering feed in step 4) being crushed and sieved, lightweight aggregate is obtained.
In the step 1), it is crushed and uses jaw crusher;Preferably, particle size after cracking accounts for 100% to -8mm, and -0.5mm is accounted for 10%~25%.
In the step 2), blending ore is made of the following components according to mass percent: compound additive 5~15%, combustion Expect 3~4%, water 5%~6.5%, surplus is gangue;Fuel is one of semi-coke, bituminous coal and anthracite, granularity -5mm Grade accounts for mass percent not less than mass percent shared by 75% and -1mm grade not higher than 20%, and it is not low to fix carbon content In 65%.
In the step 3), the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 30~40rpm, Granulation time is 3~5min;Pelletization spray Watering is divided into 1%~2%, and Granulation time is too short, and mixture, which can not adhere to, grows up, and gas permeability is poor;Granulation time is too long, influences Production efficiency;Prepared bead granularity should account for 65% or more for+3mm grade, and the control of bead total Water is 6%-8%;It is small Ball gas permeability resistance is less than 60Pa.
In the step 4), specific sintering process, comprising the following steps: after sintered cup middle berth enters grate-layer material, be put into Raw material bead (material to be sintered) carries out cloth, and cloth height is 700~1000mm, natural gas fired is then used, then 10 It is sintered under the suction pressure of~14kPa, when sintered discharge gas temperature rises to suction pressure when maximum temperature is begun to decline It is lowered to 5kPa to be cooled down, heat sinter will be obtained after cooling 5min and drawn off, room temperature is further cooled in air, obtains Sintering feed.
The firing temperature is 1150~1250 DEG C, and light a fire 6~8kPa of negative pressure, and the duration of ignition is 1min~3min.
The strand exhaust sintering machine is being provided with continuous pressure roller, continuous pressure roller at sintering ignition cover position 10m The uniform external pressurized field of force in surface of sintering feed can be given, the pressure field intensity is 4000~6000N/m2
230~260 DEG C of middle low temperature hot wind can be generated in the exhausting cooling procedure, middle low temperature hot wind can be passed into In the sintering petticoat pipe of sintering machine, the time that low temperature hot wind is passed through sintering machine accounts for the 30%~40% of sintering time length.
In the step 5), sintering feed is crushed to -16mm using jaw crusher, then using vibrating screen to broken Coal gangue sintering material is sieved, and obtains the coal gangue sintering mine of 5~16mm as lightweight aggregate, and -5mm sintering feed is used as and returns Mine.
In step 2) of the invention, compound additive joined, the use of the compound additive can be effectively improved mixed The granulating efficiency, raising mixture ventilation and the improvement sintering usage factor that close material, improve lightweight aggregate at the intensity for improving lightweight aggregate Porosity and reduce its density, principle mainly includes the following aspects:
Organic binder in compound additive is sodium humate, in terms of main function includes following four: (1) rotten to plant Sour sodium belongs to the macromolecule organic containing aromatic hydrocarbon, and thermal stability is strong, more conducively promotion green-ball (prepared bead in step 3) Burst temperature;(2) Na in sodium humate+It can be activated at high temperature, so that the electronics of its own is transferred to bastard coal Carbon residue surface in stone causes carbon structure distortion and defect, the combustion reaction of carbon is accelerated, to reduce gangue carbon left; 3) sodium humate is decomposed to form the oxide of sodium, Na under the high temperature conditions2O, can be with SiO in gangue as a kind of fluxing agent2、 Al2O3, the substances such as CaO form the sodium salt of low melting point, reduce sintering system liquid phase forming temperature, improve system amount of liquid phase, be conducive to Stomata that is suitable, being relatively large in diameter is formed, to form ideal porous structure, improves lightweight aggregate intensity and porosity;(4) rotten Sodium phytate decomposes at high temperature, generates gas, can be used as a kind of foaming agent, improves the porosity of lightweight aggregate, reduces specific gravity.
Magnetic iron ore in compound additive, in terms of effect mainly includes following two: (1) magnetic iron ore supplying gangue preparation Lightweight aggregate is in oxidizing atmosphere in sintering process, and height temperate zone can reduce the heating load of external heat source with oxidation heat liberation, reduce energy Consumption;(2) magnetic iron ore (Fe3O4) in continuous pallettype sintering machine roasting oxidation at bloodstone (Fe2O3), it can be with SiO2、Al2O3, the objects such as CaO Matter forms the ferrite of low melting point, and the liquid phase maturing temperature range of lightweight aggregate can be made to broaden, and firing temperature reduces, convenient for control System reduces energy consumption and cost, increases micropore amount, reduces bulk density.
Calcareous material is lime stone and quick lime in compound additive, and main function is: lime stone pyrolytic generates CO2And CaO, CO2The pore amount of lightweight aggregate can be increased as ingredient of getting angry;Meanwhile newly generated CaO activity is greatly, roasts in high temperature Burning process and SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3Low-melting compound is generated Deng by solid phase reaction, reduces system liquid phase forming temperature, from And reduce firing temperature;And after digestion of fetching water, granularity and thin Ca is presented as a kind of inorganic binder in quick lime (OH)2Colloidal solid, the Ca (OH) being scattered in mixture extensively2With very strong hydrophily, so that ore particle is leaned on lime particle Closely, and necessary capillary force is generated, promotes blending ore granulation, improves the gas permeability of blending ore;Additionally due to calcium oxide digestion is put Heat improves the temperature of mixture, reduces the formation that sintering process crosses wet bands, sintering process gas permeability is improved, so as to improve burning Tie yield and quality.
Positive effect and innovation of the invention is:
1) this method for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering of the present invention uses belt sintering method, usually One 600m2Continuous pallettype sintering machine can handle 6,000,000 tons of gangue year, be expected to thoroughly eliminate the gangue of flood tide, solve its band The environmental problem come, and high performance lightweight aggregate is produced, quality raw materials are provided for building trade, the recycling of gangue is realized, increases Value, minimizing and innoxious.
2) a kind of compound additive is prepared according to the component property of gangue in method of the invention, the compound additive With multiple functions, the gas permeability that mixture granulation performance can either be strengthened, improve mixture, improve sintering usage factor and at The function of product rate, and have effects that fluxing agent, foaming agent, reduce system liquid phase forming temperature and promote gangue lightweight aggregate swollen It is swollen, to optimize lightweight aggregate institutional framework, its intensity is significantly improved, reduces energy consumption.
3) the characteristics of in the technique of belt sintering of the invention according to gangue, continuous pressure is equipped on continuous pallettype sintering machine Roller during can re-sintering, increases an external pressurized field of force, is conducive to close between mineral grain during coal gangue sintering Contact, promotes the progress of solid phase reaction, provides good object phase condition for the formation of liquid phase;At the same time, it is caused certainly by pressurization Secret skill art avoids the parenchymatous formation of macropore in gangue lightweight aggregate, and promotes a large amount of appearance of mesoporous thick-walled structure, To improve the intensity of gangue lightweight aggregate.
4) in sintering process of the invention, by the low temperature hot wind in exhausting cooling procedure, hot air circulation has been carried out, burning is utilized The cooling middle low temperature hot waste gas of knot mine strengthens the coal gangue sintering of high scaling loss, reduces the energy source of coal gangue sintering, reduces Solid fuel consumption saves production cost, reduces the discharge of sintering process gas, is good for the environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Process flow chart Fig. 1 of the invention;
Fig. 2 strand exhaust sintering process flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment and comparative example, by taking the gangue in somewhere as an example, chemical analysis is as follows: SiO256.96%, CaO 22.38%, MgO 0.38%, Al2O322.38%, C 2.38%, S 0.16%, LOI (loss on ignition) 12.14%.
In following instance, it is quality hundred shared by 85% and -1mm grade that semi-coke granularity -5mm grade used, which accounts for mass percent, Score is 6%, and the fixed carbon content of semi-coke is 82%;Quick lime granularity is less than 0.5mm.
The process flow of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, specific belt sintering technique is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment one
(1) it is crushed: gangue being crushed by -8mm100%, -0.5mm15% by jaw crusher, obtains coal gangue powder Material.
(2) ingredient, mixing: gangue powder, the semi-coke for being 3.5% with addition of mass ratio, compound additive (sodium humate 35%, magnetic iron ore 15%, lime stone 30% and quick lime 20%) additive amount is 5% and mass ratio is 5% water, then in circle 3min is strongly mixed in cylinder mixing machine, obtains blending ore.
(3) pelletize: blending ore is through belt-conveying into drum pelletizer, and in pelletization, spraying mass ratio is 1.5% Moisture, and the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 35rpm, Granulation time 3min, obtains raw material bead.Raw material bead, granularity+3mm Mass ratio is 68%, water content 7.0% or so, the gas permeability resistance 57Pa of raw material.
(4) be sintered: raw material bead is fitted into sintered cup, passes through roller cloth at continuous pallettype sintering machine (bed depth 700mm) Material is then lighted a fire (wherein duration of ignition 2.5min, 1200 DEG C of firing temperature, light a fire negative pressure 6KPa), then carries out exhausting Sintering and cooling (wherein down draft sintering negative pressure 12KPa;Exhausting 5min cooling time, cooling negative pressure 5KPa), it can be obtained bastard coal Stone heat sinter;When down draft sintering, continuous pressure roller is being placed away from the sintering feed surface at sintering ignition cover position 10m, is giving and burns The uniform external pressurized field of force 4500N/m in the surface of ramming material2.About 260 DEG C or so of the middle Low Temperature Thermal that the cooling process of exhausting can generate Wind can be passed into sintering machine petticoat pipe, ventilation time 5min;Remaining cooling hot wind of exhausting can be used for boiler power generation.Finally It takes out heat sinter and obtains sintering feed after room temperature is cooling.
(5) it is crushed and is classified: sintering feed is crushed, sieve, obtain the finished product gangue lightweight aggregate of 5~16mm, and -5mm Powder of returning mine.
It is sintered usage factor 1.21t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 175Kg/t.Product is examined according to GBT17431-2010 Can, bulk density 788Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 5.2MPa, water absorption rate 5.9%, indices are all satisfied national standard.
Embodiment two
(1) it is crushed: gangue being crushed by -8mm100%, -0.5mm20% by jaw crusher, obtains coal gangue powder Material.
(2) ingredient, mixing: gangue powder, the semi-coke for being 3.3% with addition of mass ratio, compound additive (sodium humate 45%, magnetic iron ore 15%, lime stone 20% and quick lime 20%) additive amount is 10% and mass ratio is 5% water, then in circle 3min is strongly mixed in cylinder mixing machine, obtains composite ore.
(3) pelletize: blending ore is through belt-conveying into drum pelletizer, and in pelletization, spraying mass ratio is 1.5% Moisture, and the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 30rpm, Granulation time 4min, obtains raw material bead.Raw material bead granularity+3mm matter Amount is than being 74%, water content 6.8% or so, the gas permeability resistance 52Pa of raw material.
(4) be sintered: raw material bead is fitted into sintered cup, passes through roller cloth at continuous pallettype sintering machine (bed depth 700mm) Material is then lighted a fire (wherein duration of ignition 3min, 1150 DEG C of firing temperature, light a fire negative pressure 6KPa), then carries out exhausting burning Knot and cooling (wherein down draft sintering negative pressure 12KPa;Exhausting 5min cooling time, cooling negative pressure 5KPa), it can be obtained gangue Heat sinter;When down draft sintering, continuous pressure roller is being placed away from the sintering feed surface at sintering ignition cover position 10m, is giving and is sintered The uniform external pressurized field of force 4500N/m in the surface of material2.About 230 DEG C or so of the middle low temperature hot wind that the cooling process of exhausting can generate, Sintering machine petticoat pipe, ventilation time 5min can be passed into;Remaining cooling hot wind of exhausting can be used for boiler power generation.Finally take out heat Sinter obtains sintering feed after room temperature is cooling.
(5) it is crushed and is classified: cold sinter is crushed, sieve, obtain the finished product sinter of 5~16mm, as gangue The powder of returning mine of lightweight aggregate and -5mm.
It is sintered usage factor 1.30t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 159Kg/t.Product is examined according to GBT17431-2010 Can, bulk density 765Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 5.7MPa, water absorption rate 5.2%, indices are all satisfied national standard.
Embodiment three
(1) it is crushed: gangue being crushed by -8mm100%, -0.5mm18% by jaw crusher, obtains coal gangue powder Material.
(2) ingredient, mixing: gangue powder, the semi-coke for being 3.2% with addition of mass ratio, compound additive (sodium humate 45%, magnetic iron ore 15%, lime stone 20% and quick lime 20%) additive amount is 15% and mass ratio is 5% water, then in circle 3min is strongly mixed in cylinder mixing machine, obtains blending ore.
(3) pelletize: blending ore, into drum pelletizer, in pelletization, sprays the water that mass ratio is 2% through belt-conveying Point, and the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 35rpm, Granulation time 4min, obtains raw material bead.Raw material bead granularity+3mm quality Than being 79%, water content 7.1% or so, the gas permeability resistance 46Pa of raw material.
(4) be sintered: raw material bead is fitted into sintered cup, passes through roller cloth at continuous pallettype sintering machine (bed depth 700mm) Material is then lighted a fire (wherein duration of ignition 3min, 1200 DEG C of firing temperature, light a fire negative pressure 6KPa), then carries out exhausting burning Knot and cooling (wherein down draft sintering negative pressure 12KPa;Exhausting 5min cooling time, cooling negative pressure 5KPa), it can be obtained gangue Heat sinter;When down draft sintering, continuous pressure roller is being placed away from the sintering feed surface at sintering ignition cover position 10m, is giving and is sintered The uniform external pressurized field of force 4500N/m in the surface of material2.About 240 DEG C or so of the middle low temperature hot wind that the cooling process of exhausting can generate, Sintering machine petticoat pipe, ventilation time 5min can be passed into;Remaining cooling hot wind of exhausting can be used for boiler power generation.Finally take out heat Sinter obtains sintering feed after room temperature is cooling.
(5) it is crushed and is classified: cold sinter is crushed, sieve, obtain the finished product sinter of 5~16mm, as gangue The powder of returning mine of lightweight aggregate and -5mm.
It is sintered usage factor 1.38t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 151Kg/t.Product is examined according to GBT17431-2010 Can, bulk density 715Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 6.1MPa, water absorption rate 4.9%, indices are all satisfied national standard.
Example IV
(1) it is crushed: gangue being crushed by -8mm100%, -0.5mm18% by jaw crusher, obtains coal gangue powder Material.
(2) ingredient, mixing: gangue powder, the semi-coke for being 3.2% with addition of mass ratio, compound additive (sodium humate 45%, magnetic iron ore 15%, lime stone 20% and quick lime 20%) additive amount is 15% and mass ratio is 5% water, then in circle 3min is strongly mixed in cylinder mixing machine, obtains blending ore.
(3) pelletize: blending ore, into drum pelletizer, in pelletization, sprays the water that mass ratio is 2% through belt-conveying Point, and the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 35rpm, Granulation time 4min, obtains raw material bead.Raw material bead granularity+3mm quality Than being 79%, water content 7.1% or so, the gas permeability resistance 46Pa of raw material.
(4) be sintered: raw material bead is fitted into sintered cup, passes through roller cloth at continuous pallettype sintering machine (bed depth 700mm) Material is then lighted a fire (wherein duration of ignition 3min, 1250 DEG C of firing temperature, light a fire negative pressure 6KPa), then carries out exhausting burning Knot and cooling (wherein down draft sintering negative pressure 12KPa;Exhausting 5min cooling time, cooling negative pressure 5KPa), it can be obtained gangue Heat sinter;When down draft sintering, continuous pressure roller is being placed away from the sintering feed surface at sintering ignition cover position 10m, is giving and is sintered The uniform external pressurized field of force 5500N/m in the surface of material2.About 240 DEG C or so of the middle low temperature hot wind that the cooling process of exhausting can generate, Sintering machine petticoat pipe, ventilation time 5min can be passed into;Remaining cooling hot wind of exhausting can be used for boiler power generation.Finally take out heat Sinter obtains sintering feed after room temperature is cooling.
(5) it is crushed and is classified: cold sinter is crushed, sieve, obtain the finished product sinter of 5~16mm, as gangue The powder of returning mine of lightweight aggregate and -5mm.
It is sintered usage factor 1.39t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 142Kg/t.Product is examined according to GBT17431-2010 Can, bulk density 705Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 6.3MPa, water absorption rate 4.7%, indices are all satisfied national standard.
Comparative example 1
(1) it is crushed: gangue being crushed by -8mm100%, -0.5mm18% by jaw crusher, obtains coal gangue powder Material.
(2) ingredient, mixing: gangue powder, with addition of mass ratio be 4.0% semi-coke and mass ratio be 5% water, then 3min is strongly mixed in trommel mixer, obtains blending ore.
(3) pelletize: blending ore, into drum pelletizer, in pelletization, sprays the water that mass ratio is 2% through belt-conveying Point, and the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 40rpm, Granulation time 5min, obtains raw material bead.Granularity+3mm the matter of raw material bead Amount is than being 60%, water content 7.1% or so, the gas permeability resistance 75Pa of raw material.
(4) be sintered: raw material bead is fitted into sintered cup, passes through roller cloth at continuous pallettype sintering machine (bed depth 700mm) Material is then lighted a fire (wherein duration of ignition 3min, 1250 DEG C of firing temperature, light a fire negative pressure 6KPa), then carries out exhausting burning Knot and cooling (wherein down draft sintering negative pressure 12KPa;Exhausting 5min cooling time, cooling negative pressure 5KPa), it can be obtained gangue Heat sinter;When down draft sintering, continuous pressure roller is being placed away from the sintering feed surface at sintering ignition cover position 10m, is giving and is sintered The uniform external pressurized field of force 5500N/m in the surface of material2.About 260 DEG C or so of the middle low temperature hot wind that the cooling process of exhausting can generate, Sintering machine petticoat pipe, ventilation time 5min can be passed into;Remaining cooling hot wind of exhausting can be used for boiler power generation.Finally take out heat Sinter obtains sintering feed after room temperature is cooling.
(5) it is crushed and is classified: sintering feed is crushed, sieve, obtain the finished product gangue lightweight aggregate of 5~16mm with -5mm's It returns mine powder.
It is sintered usage factor 1.21t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 187Kg/t.Product is examined according to GBT17431-2010 Can, bulk density 788Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 4.8MPa, water absorption rate 7.5%.
Comparative example 2:
(1) it is crushed: gangue being crushed by -8mm100%, -0.5mm25% by jaw crusher, obtains coal gangue powder Material.
(2) ingredient, mixing: gangue powder, the semi-coke for being 3.2% with addition of mass ratio, compound additive (sodium humate 45%, magnetic iron ore 15%, lime stone 20% and quick lime 20%) additive amount is 15% and mass ratio is 5% water, then in circle 3min is strongly mixed in cylinder mixing machine, obtains blending ore.
(3) pelletize: blending ore, into drum pelletizer, in pelletization, sprays the water that mass ratio is 2% through belt-conveying Point, and the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 35rpm, Granulation time 4min, obtains raw material bead.Raw material bead granularity+3mm quality Than being 79%, water content 7.1% or so, the gas permeability resistance 46Pa of raw material.
(4) be sintered: gangue raw material bead passes through roller cloth at continuous pallettype sintering machine (bed depth 700mm), then It is lighted a fire (wherein duration of ignition 3min, 1250 DEG C of firing temperature, light a fire negative pressure 6KPa), then down draft sintering and cooling (its Middle sintering negative pressure 12KPa;Cooling time, 5min, cooled down negative pressure 5KPa) gangue heat sinter is obtained, take out heat sinter, room After temperature is cooling, sintering feed is obtained.
(5) it is crushed and is classified: sintering feed is crushed, sieve, obtain the finished product gangue lightweight aggregate of 5~16mm with -5mm's It returns mine powder.
It is sintered usage factor 1.26t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 161Kg/t.Product is examined according to GBT17431-2010 Can, bulk density 735Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 5.3MPa, water absorption rate 6.7%.
By comparative example 1 it is found that when not adding compound additive, granulating efficiency is poor, mixture ventilation resistance Up to 75Pa is sintered usage factor 1.21t/m2The cylindrical compress strength of h, solid fuel consumption 187Kg/t, aglite is 4.8MPa;And from 1~embodiment of embodiment 3 it is found that with compound additive dosage increase, mixture ventilation resistance is gradually It reduces, has improved breathability, when compound binding agent increases to 15%, mixture ventilation resistance is only 46Pa, and sintering utilizes system Number is improved to 1.38t/m2H, solid fuel consumption are to be reduced to 151Kg/t, the cylindrical compress strength of gangue lightweight aggregate improve to 6.1MPa.Therefore, it illustrates that compound additive can not only improve mixture ventilation, improves coal gangue sintering performance, simultaneously It can be improved the intensity of gangue aglite.
By embodiment 3 and 4 it is found that with the pressure in the additional field of force is applied in pressure sintering by 4500N/m2It increases to 5500N/m2, sintering solid energy consumption is reduced to 142Kg/t by 151Kg/t, the cylindrical compress strength of lightweight aggregate be 6.1MPa improve to 6.3MPa。
By comparative example 2 and embodiment 3 it is found that when sintering process does not have hot air circulation sintering and pressure sintering, sintering is utilized Coefficient 1.26t/m2H, solid fuel consumption 161Kg/t, aglite bulk density are 735Kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength 5.3MPa, Water absorption rate is 6.7%;After increasing hot air circulation sintering and pressure sintering technology, sintering usage factor increases to 1.38t/m2· H, solid fuel consumption are reduced to 151Kg/t, and the cylindrical compress strength of aglite is increased to 6.1MPa, and indices significantly improve.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, comprising the following steps:
1) it is crushed: bulk gangue being crushed to -8mm, obtains broken gangue;
2) it mixes: gangue broken in step 1) being sufficiently mixed with compound additive, fuel and water, is mixed Mine;
Wherein: compound additive is made of the following components according to mass percent:
Sodium humate 30%~50%, magnetic iron ore 10%~20%, lime stone 10%~30%, surplus are quick lime;
3) it pelletizes: raw material bead is made in blending ore obtained in step 2) in pelletising drum;
4) be sintered: by the raw material bead in step 3), cloth, igniting, down draft sintering and exhausting are cold in strand exhaust sintering machine But, sintering feed is obtained;
5) it is crushed and is classified: the sintering feed in step 4) being crushed and sieved, lightweight aggregate is obtained.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that the step It is rapid 1) in, be crushed use jaw crusher;Particle size after cracking accounts for 100% to -8mm, and -0.5mm accounts for 10%~25%.
3. the method according to claim 1 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that the step It is rapid 2) in, blending ore is made of the following components according to mass percent: compound additive 5~15%, fuel 3~4%, water 5% ~6.5%, surplus is gangue.
4. the method according to claim 1 or 3 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that institute It states in step 2), fuel is one of semi-coke, bituminous coal and anthracite, and granularity -5mm grade accounts for mass percent and is not less than Mass percent shared by 75% and -1mm grade is not higher than 20%, fixes carbon content and is not less than 65%.
5. the method according to claim 1 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that the step It is rapid 3) in, the revolving speed of drum pelletizer is 30~40rpm, Granulation time is 3~5min;Pelletization spray water is divided into 1%~ 2%, prepared raw material bead granularity is that+3mm grade should account for 65% or more, raw material bead total Water control for 6%~ 8%;Bead gas permeability resistance is less than 60Pa.
6. the method according to claim 1 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that described Cloth height be 700~1000mm, firing temperature be 1150~1250 DEG C, light a fire 6~8kPa of negative pressure, the duration of ignition be 1min~ 3min;The negative pressure of down draft sintering is 10~14kPa;The cooling negative pressure of exhausting is 5kPa, and exhausting cooling time is 5min.
7. the method according to claim 1 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that described Strand exhaust sintering machine is being provided with continuous pressure roller at sintering ignition cover position 10m, can be to sintering feed in sintering The uniform external pressurized field of force in surface.
8. the method according to claim 7 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that described Impressed pressure field intensity is 4000~6000N/m2
9. the method according to claim 1 or 6 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that institute 230~260 DEG C of middle low temperature hot wind can be generated in the exhausting cooling procedure stated, and middle low temperature hot wind can be passed into continuous pallettype sintering machine Petticoat pipe in, the time that low temperature hot wind is passed through sintering machine accounts for the 30%~40% of sintering time length;But its waste heat of remaining hot wind Wind generates electricity for boiler.
10. the method according to claim 1 for preparing gangue lightweight aggregate using belt sintering, which is characterized in that described In step 5), sintering feed is crushed to -16mm using jaw crusher, is then sieved using vibrating screen to broken sintering feed Point, the coal gangue sintering material of 5~16mm is obtained as lightweight aggregate, and -5mm sintering feed is used as and returns mine.
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