CN104064779A - Modular microbial fuel cell electrode reactor - Google Patents
Modular microbial fuel cell electrode reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104064779A CN104064779A CN201410337889.2A CN201410337889A CN104064779A CN 104064779 A CN104064779 A CN 104064779A CN 201410337889 A CN201410337889 A CN 201410337889A CN 104064779 A CN104064779 A CN 104064779A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modular microbial fuel cell electrode reactor which is easy to install and expand, convenient for water inlet and efficient in reaction. The electrode reactor is formed by installing single electrode bodies on a shell, and suspension single electrodes and filling type single electrodes can be separately used or can be used in a mixed way according to actual demands. The invention also provides a lead wire capable of connecting a plurality of electrode reactors, so that the plurality of electrode reactors can be used in a combined way in actual application. The electrode reactor can be applied to anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) sewage treatment, and is capable of enhancing denitrification under the condition that an original AAO treatment technology is not influenced and producing electric energy while eliminating pollution.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to new forms of energy and sewage treatment area, specific design a kind of installation simple, easily expand, conveniently intake, react efficient electrode of microbial fuel cell and pile.
Background technology:
Microbiological fuel cell is a kind of device that utilizes microbe the chemical energy in organic substance to be changed into electric energy.Be attached to microbial action on electrode in substrate, the electronics of generation is passed to negative electrode by anode through external circuit, and is finally combined with electron acceptor.Microbiological fuel cell reaction condition gentleness, pollution-free and efficient energy utilization rate make it have broad application prospects in waste water treatment and new energy development field.In small test, assemble a new microbiological fuel cell generally using folding carbon fiber felt as anode carrier, that uses small pieces carries platinum carbon paper as cathode carrier.And in actual sewage is processed, folding carbon fiber felt specific area is low, reaction poor efficiency easily swings in Continuous Flow, makes the biomembrane that adheres to unstable above.And year platinum carbon paper of sheet is easily broken, the effective response area of plate-like cathode is little simultaneously, makes whole microbiological fuel cell reaction efficiency low.
For the problem that may run in actual production, design a kind of install simple, easily expand, conveniently intake, react that efficient electrode of microbial fuel cell piles is necessary.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention has designed a kind of installation and simply, has easily expanded, conveniently intake, reacts efficient electrode of microbial fuel cell heap.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack, formed by shell (1), electrode monomer (2,3), monomer fixture (4) and conducting wire (5), it is characterized in that: shell (1) is made up of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7), inner lead (8), electrode stack connecting portion (9), electrode monomer (2, 3) be positioned at shell (1) inside, be divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3), both can be used alone and also can mix use, floated electrode monomer (2) is by support (10), titanium silk (11) and carbon fiber, the one end such as graphite fibre can be connected with titanium silk and electric conducting material (12) composition of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend, filled type electrode monomer (3) is by electrode monomer shell (13) and inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, electric conducting material (14) composition of the stackable bigger serface such as graphite foam, conducting wire (5) is made up of connector (15) and wire (16), connector (15) comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18) composition, wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), and multiple electrode stack link together by conducting wire (5).
Shell described in the present invention (1) is made up of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7), inner lead (8), electrode stack connecting portion (9); Shell body (6) uses high-strength corrosion-resisting insulating material, and shell body is hollow space framework; Upper each fixing 1-500 the monomer connecting portion (7) below of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, electrode monomer (2,3) is fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locates, and with this, electrode monomer (2,3) is fixed on shell (1); An electrode stack connecting portion (9) is each side fixed on shell body (6) top, electrode stack connecting portion (9) adopts double-decker, skin is erosion resisting insulation material, internal layer is anti-corrosion electric conducting material, ectonexine is fixed together, and skin is fixed on shell body (6); The monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer after connecting successively by inner lead (8) again, inner lead (8) is selected the good and corrosion resistant metal wire of electric conductivity, as titanium silk etc.; The connector (15) of conducting wire (5) can be piled in connecting portion (9) by electrode insertion, and two electrode stack connect by conducting wire (5).
Electrode monomer described in the present invention (2,3) is divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3); Floated electrode monomer (2) can be connected with titanium silk by support (10), titanium silk (11) and the one end such as carbon fiber, graphite fibre and the electric conducting material (12) of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend forms; Support (10) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting electric conducting material, is shaped as rectangle or approximate rectangle sheet structure, and support (10) can be fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locate; Fixing titanium silk (11) in the middle of two supports (10), the one end such as the upper fixed carbon fiber of titanium silk (11), graphite fibre can be connected and the electric conducting material (12) of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend with titanium silk, can adhere to the microbe with electro-chemical activity; Filled type electrode monomer (3) is made up of the electric conducting material (14) of the stackable bigger serfaces such as electrode monomer shell (13) and inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam, electrode monomer shell (13) adopts anti-corrosion and high strength electric conducting material, electrode monomer shell (13) can be fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locate, the upper distribution 5-500 aperture of electrode monomer shell (13), convenient water inlet; The electric conducting material (14) of the stackable bigger serfaces such as inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam can be divided into anode filling and negative electrode is filled, it is characterized in that it can be both the traditional electrode materials such as carbon fiber felt or graphite granule that anode is filled, and also can adopt the emerging electrode material such as carbon nano-tube, Graphene; It can be both the biocompatible class material identical with anode that negative electrode is filled, and can be also to carry the affine class materials of oxygen such as platinum carbon paper.
Monomer fixture (4) described in the present invention adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, monomer fixture (4) can be by electrode monomer (2, 3) and monomer connecting portion (7) be fixed together, because of support (10), electrode monomer shell (13), monomer fixture (4) and monomer connecting portion (7) are conductive material, the monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is also connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer by inner lead (8), can complete electronics from electrode monomer (2, 3) to the transmission of electrode stack connecting portion (9).
Conducting wire described in the present invention (5) is made up of connector (15) and wire (16), connector (15) comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18) composition, and wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20); The function of conducting wire (5) has been electronics transmission between electrode stack; Connector shell (17) adopts the corrosion-resistant material of insulation, connector shell (17) holds metal joint (18) first half, and Lower Half can firmly be inserted in the electrode stack connecting portion (9) on shell (1); Wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), and wire sheath (19) adopts erosion resisting insulation material, and inner titanium silk (20) has good conductivity.
Modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack described in the present invention, is characterized in that: according to upper oxidation or the reduction reaction of occurring of the electrode monomer in electrode stack (2,3), electrode stack can be divided into anode electrode heap and cathode electrode heap; There is oxidation reaction in anode electrode heap, electron transport route is: electrode monomer (2,3)---monomer fixture (4)---monomer connecting portion (7)---inner lead (8)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---conducting wire (5); There is reduction reaction in cathode electrode heap, electron transport route is: conducting wire (5)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---inner lead (8)---monomer connecting portion (7)---monomer fixture (4)---electrode monomer (2,3).
It is efficient that the present invention installs simply, easily expands, conveniently intakes, reacts.Electrode stack is arranged on shell and is formed by electrode monomer, can select separately according to actual needs floated electrode monomer or filled type electrode monomer, also can mix use.Its modularized design, can, according to need of production, select the electrode stack of suitable species and quantity, saves high customization cost.The present invention has designed the conducting wire that can connect multiple electrode stack simultaneously, can arbitrarily arrange in pairs or groups, conveniently connect.The present invention can be applicable in AAO sewage disposal, can be in not affecting former AAO treatment process strengthened denitrification, can also produce electric energy removing in polluting.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of the electrode stack of the floated electrode monomer of employing (2);
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of the electrode stack of employing filled type electrode monomer (3);
Fig. 4 is the schematic perspective view of shell (1);
Fig. 5 is the generalized section on shell body (6) top;
Fig. 6 is the profile on shell (1) top;
Fig. 7 is the profile of shell (1) bottom;
Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of floated electrode monomer (2);
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of filled type electrode monomer (3);
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view of monomer fixture (4);
Figure 11 is the schematic perspective view of conducting wire (5).
Element numbers explanation in figure: 1 is shell; 2 is floated electrode monomer; 3 is filled type electrode monomer; 4 is monomer fixture; 5 is conducting wire; 6 is shell body; 7 is monomer connecting portion; 8 is inner lead; 9 is electrode stack connecting portion; 10 is support; 11 is titanium silk; 12 can be connected with titanium silk the electric conducting material of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend for the one end such as carbon fiber, graphite fibre; 13 is electrode monomer shell; 14 is the electric conducting material of the stackable bigger serfaces such as inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam; 15 is connector; 16 is wire; 17 is connector shell; 18 is metal joint; 19 is wire sheath; 20 inner titanium silks.
Embodiment:
Embodiment mono-:
As shown in Figure 2, adopt the electrode stack of floated electrode monomer (2), comprising: shell (1), floated electrode monomer (2), monomer fixture (4).Shell (1) as shown in Figure 4, comprises shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7) and electrode stack connecting portion (9).Shell body (6) adopts PE material, is of a size of 100cm*100cm*100cm, every hollow cuboid that limit is high 5cm.According to Fig. 4 punching, hole external diameter 3cm, pitch of holes 20cm.Monomer connecting portion (7) is selected nut, by aperture 3cm, and opposite side 5cm, the nut of thick 1cm aligns fixing by Fig. 6, Fig. 7 with hole.Electrode stack connecting portion (9) adopts double-deck bottomless hollow cylinder, the outer PE material that uses, and internal layer uses aluminum alloy material, and by external diameter 3cm, the electrode stack connecting portion (9) of long 5cm is fixed in aperture by Fig. 6.Inner lead (8) is selected titanium silk, and is connected with titanium silk connected with outer casing (1) front side, top nut the aluminium alloy inner with electrode stack connecting portion (9) according to Fig. 6.Make floated electrode monomer (2) according to Fig. 8, adopt up and down long 100cm, the aluminum alloy sheet of wide 5cm is as support (10), and over both sides the hole of footpath 3cm.The titanium silk (11) of 90cm is vertically fixed on upper and lower two aluminum alloy sheets, and the one end such as the upper fixed carbon fiber of titanium silk (11), graphite fibre can be connected and the electric conducting material (12) of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend with titanium silk.As Figure 10, monomer fixture (4) is selected screw, external diameter 3cm, pitch 0.2cm, long 5cm.According to Fig. 2 assembling, alignd with the hole on shell (1) in the hole of floated electrode monomer (2), screw is screwed into.
Embodiment bis-:
As shown in Figure 3, adopt the electrode stack of filled type electrode monomer (3), comprising: shell (1), filled type electrode monomer (2), monomer fixture (4).Shell (1) is identical with embodiment mono-housing (1).Make filled type electrode monomer (3) according to Fig. 9, electrode monomer shell (13) adopts aluminum alloy material, the long 90cm of middle hollow cuboid part, wide 5cm, high 90cm, each horizontal-extending 5cm up and down, extended spot punching, aperture is 3cm, and front-back is respectively opened 25 holes, aperture 5cm.Put in electrode monomer shell (13) the electric conducting material of the stackable bigger serfaces such as carbon granule, carbon felt, graphite foam as packing material.As Figure 10, monomer fixture (4) is selected screw, external diameter 3cm, pitch 0.2cm, long 5cm.According to Fig. 3 assembling, alignd with the hole of shell (1) in the hole of filled type electrode monomer (3), screw is screwed into.
Embodiment tri-:
Be applied in AAO technique.AAO technique is the comprehensive of conventional activated sludge process, biological nitration and denitrification process and Biological Phosphorus Removal Processes.Because this technique is by anaerobism, anoxic and aerobic three kinds of different environmental condition alternate runs, in biological reaction pool, can there is the multiple microbes that are suitable for varying environment such as such as amphimicrobian zymogenous bacteria, denitrifying bacterium, aerobic phosphorous accumulating bacterium.Different types of microorganism species coexists in same sludge system, certainly exists different mud ages and carbon source battle between bacterium.Due to the existence of above-mentioned contradiction, system is difficult to the best growing condition of three kinds of bacterium of realizing difference in functionality, and therefore the nitric efficiency of this technique is generally not high.
Apply the present invention in AAO sewage disposal process, can remove the nitrogen-containing pollutant in sewage by enhancement microbiological, and produce certain electric energy.Anode electrode is stacked in to anaerobic pond, and cathode electrode is stacked in anoxic pond, is connected with external load by external circuit wire, forms closed-loop path.The startup stage of device, anode electrode material surface and cathode electrode surface can be adhered to the activated biomembrane of tool gradually.After stable operation, anode microbe is removed organic carbon and produces proton and electronics, and the electronics of generation passes to negative electrode by external circuit, the proton producing arrives negative electrode with current, under the catalytic action of negative electrode denitrifying microorganism, the denitrification of activated cathode, the NO in anoxic zone
3 -generate N with proton and electron reaction
2and H
2o, thus the N element in sewage is removed in strengthening, and produce electric energy.
According to AAO PROCESS FOR TREATMENT scale and Inlet and outlet water water quality situation, electrode stack scale is set.Adopt the electrode stack in embodiment mono-, be laid in that gallery is long 113 meters, wide 9.5 meters, in the sewage treatment plant of 6 meters of available depths, when laying, electrode stack connecting portion (9) line direction should with water (flow) direction level, identical electrodes heap spacing 100cm, for shortening anode heap and negative electrode space between piles, anode heap starts to arrange from anaerobic zone water outlet, negative electrode heap starts to arrange from anoxic zone water inlet, between electrode stack, connects and is finally connected with external load by conducting wire (5).
Process in biological reaction pool by the present invention's application and in the AAO process spent water of any pond shape, without pond body is changed, only be used in the biological hypoxia response of original sewage disposal pond and add suitable electrode stack, just can be in the process of disposing of sewage strengthened denitrification efficiency, be effectively applied to the sewage disposal of being rich in organic nitrogen pollutant.
Claims (6)
1. a modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack, formed by shell (1), electrode monomer (2,3), monomer fixture (4) and conducting wire (5), it is characterized in that: shell (1) is made up of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7), inner lead (8), electrode stack connecting portion (9), electrode monomer (2, 3) be positioned at shell (1) inside, be divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3), both can be used alone and also can mix use, floated electrode monomer (2) is by support (10), titanium silk (11) and carbon fiber, the one end such as graphite fibre can be connected with titanium silk and electric conducting material (12) composition of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend, filled type electrode monomer (3) is by electrode monomer shell (13) and inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, electric conducting material (14) composition of the stackable bigger serface such as graphite foam, conducting wire (5) is made up of connector (15) and wire (16), connector (15) comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18) composition, wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), and multiple electrode stack link together by conducting wire (5).
2. shell according to claim 1 (1), is characterized in that: shell (1) is made up of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7), inner lead (8), electrode stack connecting portion (9); Shell body (6) uses high-strength corrosion-resisting insulating material, and shell body is hollow space framework; Upper each fixing 1-500 the monomer connecting portion (7) below of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, electrode monomer (2,3) is fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locates, and with this, electrode monomer (2,3) is fixed on shell (1); An electrode stack connecting portion (9) is each side fixed on shell body (6) top, electrode stack connecting portion (9) adopts double-decker, skin is erosion resisting insulation material, internal layer is anti-corrosion electric conducting material, ectonexine is fixed together, and skin is fixed on shell body (6); The monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer after connecting successively by inner lead (8) again, inner lead (8) is selected the good and corrosion resistant metal wire of electric conductivity, as titanium silk etc.; The connector (15) of conducting wire (5) can be piled in connecting portion (9) by electrode insertion, and two electrode stack connect by conducting wire (5).
3. electrode monomer according to claim 1 (2,3), is characterized in that: electrode monomer (2,3) is divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3); Floated electrode monomer (2) can be connected with titanium silk by support (10), titanium silk (11) and the one end such as carbon fiber, graphite fibre and the electric conducting material (12) of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend forms; Support (10) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting electric conducting material, is shaped as rectangle or approximate rectangle sheet structure, and support (10) can be fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locate; Fixing titanium silk (11) in the middle of two supports (10), the one end such as the upper fixed carbon fiber of titanium silk (11), graphite fibre can be connected and the electric conducting material (12) of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend with titanium silk, can adhere to the microbe with electro-chemical activity; Filled type electrode monomer (3) is made up of the electric conducting material (14) of the stackable bigger serfaces such as electrode monomer shell (13) and inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam, electrode monomer shell (13) adopts anti-corrosion and high strength electric conducting material, electrode monomer shell (13) can be fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locate, the upper distribution 5-500 aperture of electrode monomer shell (13), convenient water inlet; The electric conducting material (14) of the stackable bigger serfaces such as inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam can be divided into anode filling and negative electrode is filled, it is characterized in that it can be both the traditional electrode materials such as carbon fiber felt or graphite granule that anode is filled, and also can adopt the emerging electrode material such as carbon nano-tube, Graphene; It can be both the biocompatible class material identical with anode that negative electrode is filled, and can be also to carry the affine class materials of oxygen such as platinum carbon paper.
4. monomer fixture according to claim 1 (4), it is characterized in that: monomer fixture (4) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, monomer fixture (4) can be by electrode monomer (2, 3) and monomer connecting portion (7) be fixed together, because of support (10), electrode monomer shell (13), monomer fixture (4) and monomer connecting portion (7) are conductive material, the monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is also connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer by inner lead (8), can complete electronics from electrode monomer (2, 3) to the transmission of electrode stack connecting portion (9).
5. conducting wire according to claim 1 (5), it is characterized in that: conducting wire (5) is made up of connector (15) and wire (16), connector (15) comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18) composition, and wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20); The function of conducting wire (5) has been electronics transmission between electrode stack; Connector shell (17) adopts the corrosion-resistant material of insulation, connector shell (17) holds metal joint (18) first half, and Lower Half can firmly be inserted in the electrode stack connecting portion (9) on shell (1); Wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), and wire sheath (19) adopts erosion resisting insulation material, and inner titanium silk (20) has good conductivity.
6. modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: according to upper oxidation or the reduction reaction of occurring of the electrode monomer in electrode stack (2,3), electrode stack can be divided into anode electrode heap and cathode electrode heap; There is oxidation reaction in anode electrode heap, electron transport route is: electrode monomer (2,3)---monomer fixture (4)---monomer connecting portion (7)---inner lead (8)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---conducting wire (5); There is reduction reaction in cathode electrode heap, electron transport route is: conducting wire (5)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---inner lead (8)---monomer connecting portion (7)---monomer fixture (4)---electrode monomer (2,3).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN105810984A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-27 | 北京化工大学 | Membrane-less microbial fuel cell electrode device capable of combining wastewater treatment process |
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