CN104064779B - Modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack - Google Patents
Modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN104064779B CN104064779B CN201410337889.2A CN201410337889A CN104064779B CN 104064779 B CN104064779 B CN 104064779B CN 201410337889 A CN201410337889 A CN 201410337889A CN 104064779 B CN104064779 B CN 104064779B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention has designed a kind of installation and simply, has easily expanded, conveniently intake, reacts efficient modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack. Electrode stack is arranged on shell and is formed by electrode monomer, can select separately according to actual needs floated electrode monomer or filled type electrode monomer, also can mix use. The present invention has designed the conducting wire that can connect multiple electrode stack simultaneously, in practical application, many electrode stack can be used in combination. The present invention can be applicable in AAO sewage disposal, can be in not affecting former AAO treatment process strengthened denitrification, can also produce electric energy removing in polluting.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to new forms of energy and sewage treatment area, specific design simple, the easily expansion of a kind of installation, convenient water inlet,React efficient electrode of microbial fuel cell heap.
Background technology:
Microbiological fuel cell is a kind of device that utilizes microorganism the chemical energy in organic matter to be changed into electric energy. Be attached to electrodeOn microbial action in substrate, the electronics of generation is passed to negative electrode by anode through external circuit, and is finally combined with electron acceptor.Microbiological fuel cell reaction condition gentleness, pollution-free and efficient energy utilization rate make it at wastewater treatment and new energy developmentField has broad application prospects. In small test, assembling a new microbiological fuel cell generally does folding carbon fiber feltFor anode carrier, that uses small pieces carries platinum carbon paper as cathode carrier. And in actual sewage is processed, folding carbon fiber felt is than tableArea is low, and reaction poor efficiency easily swings in Continuous Flow, makes the biomembrane that adheres to unstable above. And year platinum of sheetCarbon paper is easily broken, and the effective response area of plate-like cathode is little simultaneously, makes whole microbiological fuel cell reaction efficiency low.
For the problem that may run in actual production, design is a kind of installs simple, easy expansion, convenient water inlet, reaction efficientlyElectrode of microbial fuel cell heap be necessary.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention has designed a kind of installation and simply, has easily expanded, conveniently intake, reacts efficient electrode of microbial fuel cell heap.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack, by shell (1), electrode monomer (2,3), monomer fixture (4) and conducting wire (5) composition, it is characterized in that: shell (1) is connected by shell body (6), monomerPortion (7), inner lead (8), electrode stack connecting portion (9) composition; Electrode monomer (2,3) is positioned at shell (1) inside,Be divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3), both can be used alone and also can mix use, floated electricityUtmost point monomer (2) can be connected with titanium silk by support (10), titanium silk (11) and the one end such as carbon fiber, graphite fibre and the other end canConductive material (12) composition of the bigger serface freely suspending, filled type electrode monomer (3) is by electrode monomer shell (13)Conductive material (14) composition of the stackable bigger serfaces such as the carbon granule, carbon felt, graphite foam of filling with inside; LeadLine (5) is made up of connector and wire (16), and connector comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18) composition,Wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), and multiple electrode stack are connected to one by conducting wire (5)Rise.
Shell described in the present invention (1) is connected by shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7), inner lead (8), electrode stackPortion (9) composition; Shell body (6) uses high-strength corrosion-resisting insulating materials, and shell body is hollow space framework; Shell body (6)Upper each fixing 1-500 monomer connecting portion (7) below, monomer connecting portion (7) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, electrodeMonomer (2,3) is fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locates, and makes electrode monomer (2,3) with thisBe fixed on shell (1); An electrode stack connecting portion (9) is each side fixed on shell body (6) top, and electrode stack connectsPortion (9) adopts double-decker, and skin is erosion resisting insulation material, and internal layer is anti-corrosion electric conducting material, and ectonexine is fixed together,Skin is fixed on shell body (6); The monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top by inner lead (8) successivelyAfter connection, be connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer, inner lead (8) is selected electric conductivity well and corrosion resistant metal is led againLine, as titanium silk etc.; The connector of conducting wire (5) can be piled in connecting portion (9) by electrode insertion, and two electrode stack are by leadingLine (5) connects.
Electrode monomer described in the present invention (2,3) is divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3); OutstandingFloating electrode monomer (2) can be connected with titanium silk by support (10), titanium silk (11) and the one end such as carbon fiber, graphite fibre and anotherConductive material (12) composition of the bigger serface that one end can freely suspend; Support (10) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conduction materialMaterial, is shaped as rectangle or approximate rectangle sheet structure, and support (10) can be fixed on monomer by monomer fixture (4) and connectMeeting portion (7) locates; Fixing titanium silk (11) in the middle of two supports (10), the upper fixed carbon fiber of titanium silk (11), graphite fibre etc.One end can be connected and the conductive material (12) of the bigger serface that the other end can freely suspend with titanium silk, can adhere to and have electrochemistryActive microorganism; Filled type electrode monomer (3) is by electrode monomer shell (13) and inner carbon granule, carbon felt, stone of fillingConductive material (14) composition of the stackable bigger serfaces such as China ink foam, electrode monomer shell (13) adopts corrosion-resistant high-strengthDegree conductive material, electrode monomer shell (13) can be fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locate, electrodeThe upper distribution 5-500 aperture of monomer shell (13), convenient water inlet; Inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam etc. canThe conductive material (14) of bigger serface of piling up can be divided into that anode is filled and negative electrode is filled, and it is characterized in that anode filling both canThink the traditional electrode such as carbon fiber felt or graphite granule material, also can adopt the emerging electrode material such as CNT, Graphene;It can be both the biocompatible class material identical with anode that negative electrode is filled, and can be also to carry the affine class materials of oxygen such as platinum carbon paper.
Monomer fixture (4) described in the present invention adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, and monomer fixture (4) can be byElectrode monomer (2,3) and monomer connecting portion (7) are fixed together, because of support (10), electrode monomer shell (13), monomerFixture (4) and monomer connecting portion (7) are conductive material, and the monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is also logicalCross inner lead (8) and be connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer, can complete electronics from electrode monomer (2,3) to electrode stackThe transmission of connecting portion (9).
Conducting wire described in the present invention (5) is made up of connector and wire (16), and connector comprises connector shell (17)And metal joint (18) composition, wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20); Conducting wire (5)Function be electronics transmission between electrode stack; Connector shell (17) adopts the corrosion-resistant material of insulation, connector shell (17)Hold metal joint (18) first half, Lower Half can firmly be inserted in the electrode stack connecting portion (9) on shell (1); Wire(16) be made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), wire sheath (19) adopts erosion resisting insulation material, inPortion's titanium silk (20) has good electric conductivity.
Modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack described in the present invention, is characterized in that: according to the electrode monomer in electrode stack(2,3) upper oxidation or reduction reaction of occurring, electrode stack can be divided into anode electrode heap and cathode electrode heap; Anode electrode heap occursOxidation reaction, electron transport route is: electrode monomer (2,3)---monomer fixture (4)---monomer connecting portion (7)---inner lead (8)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---conducting wire (5); There is reduction reaction, electricity in cathode electrode heapSub-pipeline is: conducting wire (5)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---inner lead (8)---monomer connecting portion (7)---monomer fixture (4)---electrode monomer (2,3).
It is efficient that the present invention installs simply, easily expands, conveniently intakes, reacts. Electrode stack is arranged on group on shell by electrode monomerBecome, can select separately according to actual needs floated electrode monomer or filled type electrode monomer, also can mix use. Its moduleChange design, can, according to need of production, select the electrode stack of suitable species and quantity, save high customization cost. The present invention is sameTime designed the conducting wire that can connect multiple electrode stack, can arbitrarily arrange in pairs or groups, convenient connection. The present invention can be applicable to AAOIn sewage disposal, can be in not affecting former AAO treatment process strengthened denitrification, removing in polluting and can also produceElectric energy.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of the electrode stack of the floated electrode monomer of employing (2);
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of the electrode stack of employing filled type electrode monomer (3);
Fig. 4 is the schematic perspective view of shell (1);
Fig. 5 is the generalized section on shell body (6) top;
Fig. 6 is the profile on shell (1) top;
Fig. 7 is the profile of shell (1) bottom;
Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of floated electrode monomer (2);
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of filled type electrode monomer (3);
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view of monomer fixture (4);
Figure 11 is the schematic perspective view of conducting wire (5).
Element numbers explanation in figure: 1 is shell; 2 is floated electrode monomer; 3 is filled type electrode monomer; 4 is monomer solidDetermine part; 5 is conducting wire; 6 is shell body; 7 is monomer connecting portion; 8 is inner lead; 9 is electrode stack connecting portion; 10 areSupport; 11 is titanium silk; 12 can be connected with titanium silk large than table that the other end can freely suspend for the one end such as carbon fiber, graphite fibreThe conductive material of area; 13 is electrode monomer shell; 14 is that inner carbon granule of filling, carbon felt, graphite foam etc. are stackableThe conductive material of bigger serface; ; 16 is wire; 17 is connector shell; 18 is metal joint; 19 is wire sheath; 20Inner titanium silk.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment mono-:
As shown in Figure 2, adopt the electrode stack of floated electrode monomer (2), comprising: shell (1), floated electrode monomer (2),Monomer fixture (4). Shell (1) as shown in Figure 4, comprises that shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7) are connected with electrode stackPortion (9). Shell body (6) adopts PE material, is of a size of 100cm*100cm*100cm, and what every limit was high 5cm is hollow rectangularBody. According to Fig. 4 punching, hole external diameter 3cm, pitch of holes 20cm. Monomer connecting portion (7) is selected nut, by aperture 3cm, opposite side5cm, the nut of thick 1cm aligns fixing by Fig. 6, Fig. 7 with hole. Electrode stack connecting portion (9) adopts double-deck bottomless hollow cylinder, outerLayer uses PE material, and internal layer uses aluminum alloy material, and by external diameter 3cm, the electrode stack connecting portion (9) of long 5cm is fixed on by Fig. 6In aperture. Inner lead (8) is selected titanium silk, and according to titanium silk connected with outer casing (1) front side, top nut and electrode stack for Fig. 6The inner aluminium alloy of connecting portion (9) is connected. Make floated electrode monomer (2) according to Fig. 8, adopt up and down long 100cm, wideThe aluminum alloy sheet of 5cm is as support (10), and over both sides the hole of footpath 3cm. The titanium silk (11) of 90cm is vertically fixed on up and downOn two aluminum alloy sheets, the one end such as the upper fixed carbon fiber of titanium silk (11), graphite fibre can be connected with titanium silk and the other end can be freeThe conductive material (12) of the bigger serface suspending. As Figure 10, monomer fixture (4) is selected screw, external diameter 3cm, pitch0.2cm, long 5cm. According to Fig. 2 assembling, alignd with the hole on shell (1) in the hole of floated electrode monomer (2), by spiral shellSilk is screwed into.
Embodiment bis-:
As shown in Figure 3, adopt the electrode stack of filled type electrode monomer (3), comprising: shell (1), filled type electrode monomer (2),Monomer fixture (4). Shell (1) is identical with embodiment mono-housing (1). Make filled type electrode monomer (3) according to Fig. 9,Electrode monomer shell (13) adopts aluminum alloy material, and the long 90cm of middle hollow cuboid part, wide 5cm, high 90cm are upper and lowerThe each horizontal-extending 5cm in left and right, extended spot punching, aperture is 3cm, front-back is respectively opened 25 holes, aperture 5cm. By carbon granule,The conductive material of the stackable bigger serfaces such as carbon felt, graphite foam is put in electrode monomer shell (13) as packing material.As Figure 10, monomer fixture (4) is selected screw, external diameter 3cm, pitch 0.2cm, long 5cm. According to Fig. 3 assembling, will fillAlign with the hole of shell (1) in the hole of formula electrode monomer (3), screw is screwed into.
Embodiment tri-:
Be applied in AAO technique. AAO technique is conventional activated sludge process, biological nitration and denitrification process and biological phosphate-eliminating workSkill comprehensive. Because this technique is by anaerobism, anoxic and aerobic three kinds of different environmental condition alternate runs, meeting in biological reaction poolThere is the multiple microorganisms that are suitable for varying environment such as such as amphimicrobian zymogenous bacteria, denitrifying bacterium, aerobic phosphorous accumulating bacterium. DifferentThe microorganism species of kind coexists in same sludge system, certainly exists different mud ages and carbon source battle between bacterium. Due to upperState the existence of contradiction, system is difficult to the best growing condition of three kinds of bacterium of realizing difference in functionality, therefore the nitric efficiency one of this techniqueAs not high.
Apply the present invention in AAO sewage disposal process, can remove the nitrogen-containing pollutant in sewage by enhancement microbiological, and produceRaw certain electric energy. Anode electrode is stacked in to anaerobic pond, and cathode electrode is stacked in anoxic pond, by external circuit wire and externalLoad connects, and forms closed-loop path. The startup stage of device, anode electrode material surface and cathode electrode surface can be adhered to graduallyThe activated biomembrane of tool. After stable operation, anode microorganism is removed organic carbon and produces proton and electronics, the electronics of generationPass to negative electrode by external circuit, the proton of generation arrives negative electrode with current, under the catalytic action of negative electrode denitrifying microorganism,The denitrification of activated cathode, the NO in anoxic zone3 -Generate N with proton and electron reaction2And H2O, thus strengthening is removed in sewageN element, and produce electric energy.
According to AAO PROCESS FOR TREATMENT scale and Inlet and outlet water water quality situation, electrode stack scale is set. Adopt the electrode stack in embodiment mono-,Be laid in that gallery is long 113 meters, wide 9.5 meters, in the sewage treatment plant of 6 meters of available depths, when laying, electrode stack connecting portion (9)Line direction should with water (flow) direction level, identical electrodes heap spacing 100cm, is to shorten anode heap and negative electrode space between piles, anode is piledStart to arrange from anaerobic zone water outlet, negative electrode heap starts to arrange from anoxic zone water inlet, leans on conducting wire (5) between electrode stackConnect and be finally connected with external load.
The present invention's application, with in the AAO process spent water processing biological reaction pool of any pond shape, without pond body is changed, is only usedIn the biological hypoxia response of original sewage disposal pond, add suitable electrode stack, just can be in the process of disposing of sewage strengthened denitrificationEfficiency, is effectively applied to the sewage disposal of being rich in organic nitrogen pollutant.
Claims (5)
1. a modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack, by shell (1), electrode monomer (2,3), monomer fixture (4)And conducting wire (5) composition, it is characterized in that: shell (1) by shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7), inner lead (8),Electrode stack connecting portion (9) composition; Shell body (6) uses high-strength corrosion-resisting insulating materials, and shell body is hollow space framework;Upper each fixing 1-500 the monomer connecting portion (7) below of shell body (6), monomer connecting portion (7) adopts high-strength corrosion-resisting to leadElectricity material, electrode monomer (2,3) is fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locates, and makes electrode with thisMonomer (2,3) is fixed on shell (1); The upper plane of shell body (6) is each side fixed an electrode stack connecting portion (9),Electrode stack connecting portion (9) adopts double-decker, and skin is erosion resisting insulation material, and internal layer is anti-corrosion electric conducting material, ectonexineBe fixed together, skin is fixed on shell body (6); The monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is led by insideLine (8) is connected with electrode stack connecting portion (9) internal layer after connecting successively again, and inner lead (8) selects electric conductivity good and resistance toCorroding metal wire titanium silk; In the connector electrode insertion heap connecting portion (9) of conducting wire (5), two electrode stack are by leadingLine (5) connects;
Electrode monomer (2,3) is positioned at shell (1) inside, is divided into floated electrode monomer (2) and filled type electrode monomer (3),Both use separately or mix and use, and floated electrode monomer (2) is by support (10), titanium silk (11) and bigger serfaceConductive material (12) composition, described conductive material (12) is carbon fiber, described carbon fiber one end is connected and another with titanium silkEnd freely suspends, and filled type electrode monomer (3) is by electrode monomer shell (13) and inner stackable bigger serface of fillingConductive material (14) composition, described conductive material (14) is carbon granule, carbon felt or graphite foam;
Conducting wire (5) is made up of connector and wire (16), and connector comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18),Wire (16) is made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), and multiple electrode stack are connected to one by conducting wire (5)Rise.
2. a kind of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: support (10)Adopt high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, be shaped as rectangle sheet structure, support (10) is fixing by monomer fixture (4)Locate at monomer connecting portion (7); Fixing titanium silk (11) in the middle of two supports (10), the upper fixed carbon fiber of titanium silk (11), carbonFiber surface adheres to the microorganism with electro-chemical activity; Electrode monomer shell (13) adopts anti-corrosion and high strength conductive material,Electrode monomer shell (13) is fixed on monomer connecting portion (7) by monomer fixture (4) and locates, electrode monomer shell (13)A upper distribution 5-500 aperture, convenient water inlet; The conductive material (14) of inner bigger serface of filling be divided into that anode is filled andNegative electrode is filled, and anode is filled to carbon fiber felt or graphite granule, or adopts CNT or Graphene electrodes material; Negative electrode is filled outFilling is the biocompatible class material identical with anode, or the affine class material of oxygen carries platinum carbon paper.
3. a kind of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: monomer fixture(4) adopt high-strength corrosion-resisting conductive material, monomer fixture (4) is by electrode monomer (2,3) and monomer connecting portion (7)Be fixed together, because support (10), electrode monomer shell (13), monomer fixture (4) and monomer connecting portion (7) areConductive material, the monomer connecting portion (7) of shell (1) front side, top is also by inner lead (8) and electrode stack connecting portion (9)Internal layer is connected, and completes the transmission of electronics from electrode monomer (2,3) to electrode stack connecting portion (9).
4. a kind of modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: conducting wire (5)Be made up of connector and wire (16), connector comprises connector shell (17) and metal joint (18), conducting wire (5)Function be electronics transmission between electrode stack; Connector shell (17) adopts the corrosion-resistant material of insulation, connector shell (17)Hold metal joint (18) first half, Lower Half is firmly inserted in the electrode stack connecting portion (9) on shell (1); Wire (16)Be made up of wire sheath (19) and inner titanium silk (20), wire sheath (19) adopts erosion resisting insulation material, inner titanium silk(20) there is good electric conductivity.
5. modular microfluidic biological fuel cell electrode stack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: according in electrode stackUpper oxidation or the reduction reaction of occurring of electrode monomer (2,3), electrode stack is divided into anode electrode heap and cathode electrode heap; Anode electrodeThere is oxidation reaction in heap, electron transport route is: electrode monomer (2,3)---monomer fixture (4)---monomer connecting portion(7)---inner lead (8)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---conducting wire (5); There is reduction reaction in cathode electrode heap,Electron transport route is: conducting wire (5)---electrode stack connecting portion (9)---inner lead (8)---monomer connecting portion (7)---monomer fixture (4)---electrode monomer (2,3).
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| CN101188306A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-05-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for microbe fuel battery and power generation by using straw stalk |
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