CN104062231B - A kind of for testing the apparatus and method for of shear strength between fiber composite layer - Google Patents
A kind of for testing the apparatus and method for of shear strength between fiber composite layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104062231B CN104062231B CN201410327568.4A CN201410327568A CN104062231B CN 104062231 B CN104062231 B CN 104062231B CN 201410327568 A CN201410327568 A CN 201410327568A CN 104062231 B CN104062231 B CN 104062231B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of for testing the apparatus and method for of shear strength between fiber composite layer, and equipment includes base, outside framework, lower bolster, fastening bolt, upper cushion block, pressure head, bracing frame and bearing.Fibrous composite test specimen is in the tested interlayer generation failure by shear specified to utilize this equipment can ensure that.The method is suitable for the measurement that various unidirectional fibre strengthens the interface shear strength of polymer matrix composites.The making of test specimen is required low by apparatus and method for provided by the present invention, simple to operate, reliable test result, and repeatability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test equipment, be used for testing between fiber composite layer shearing particularly to one strong
The apparatus and method for of degree.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced composites have high specific strength and specific modulus, have extensively at various engineering fields in recent years
Ground application.The mechanical property of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, depends primarily on resin matrix, reinforcing fiber
And the adhesive property at interface；Meanwhile, the interfacial bond property of composite is weakest link, easily by ring
Border is corroded, and causes its endurance quality to be degenerated.
The method of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material Interlaminar shear strengths mainly has short beam shear method of testing, V
The methods such as type groove short beam method, product word beam method and double gap test piece compression verifications, but said method all cuts both ways.
Though as short beam shear method of testing is relatively simple, but it occur frequently that bending failure in short beam is tested, even can occur
Stretch, compress, the complicated failure mode such as shearing, cause test result can not accurately reflect the boundary of composite
Face adhesive property；It is and V-groove short beam method test fixture is more complicated, higher to the position accuracy demand of loading head,
Test time-consuming consumptive material, and test specimen makes complexity；Product word beam shear test block method, fixture is complicated, processes test specimen
Required precision is high, takes material during test fee；The requirement on machining accuracy pole of the test specimen of double gap test piece compression verification methods
Height, owing to two incision leading edge in practice can not be in same interlayer plane, so test data are multiple interlayers
The most weak interlayer performance, and interlayer shear and tension and compression mixing failure mode easily occur, it is difficult to be designated
The Interlaminar shear strengths of interlayer.
Therefore, how there are better method and equipment to characterize the interface of unidirectional fibre enhancing resin composite materials
Adhesive property, it would be highly desirable to solve.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of equipment for testing shear strength between fiber composite layer and side
Method.
Equipment provided by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: one is used for testing fiber composite material
Material interlaminar shear strength equipment, including base, outside framework, lower bolster, fastening bolt, upper cushion block, pressure head,
Bracing frame, bearing and test specimen, outside framework is fixing with the left end of base upper surface to be connected, bracing frame and table on base
The right-hand member in face is fixing to be connected, and pressure head is hinged with bracing frame by bearing, and the side of outside framework is provided with rectangular opening groove,
For limiting the horizontal movement of upper cushion block, the height on rectangular opening bottom land limit less than the center of bearing, outside framework interior
Bottom surface, side has downwards groove, is used for fixing lower bolster, and the upper surface of test specimen and the center of bearing are in same level
On face, the top of outside framework is provided with fastening bolt, is provided with cushion block and lower bolster in outside framework, and test specimen is by tight
Fixing bolt is fixed between cushion block and lower bolster, the width of upper cushion block both sides jut and the width of rectangular opening groove
Spend identical so that upper cushion block can only be vertically moving, and outside framework, lower bolster and upper cushion block are near bracing frame
The one side in 7 directions is all in same perpendicular.
The present invention also has the feature that
The lower surface of the described pressure head to test specimen applying downward pressure and the center of bearing are in same level；
When the lower surface of pressure head is horizontal, the space between lower limb and the top edge of upper cushion block of pressure head is little
In 0.1mm, it is ensured that test specimen occurs failure by shear in the perpendicular specified；Pressure head is near the one side of outside framework
There is gradient, it is ensured that pressure head does not contact outside framework during running downwards, and the upper surface of pressure head is provided with one
Projection.
Provided by the present invention comprise the following steps for testing the method for shear strength between fiber composite layer:
1) test specimen prepares: be perpendicular on the both sides that cylinder or rectangle unidirectional fibre strengthen resin composite materials test specimen
Machine direction respectively cuts one piece, it is ensured that two tangent planes are parallel；
2) test specimen is installed: selecting the lower bolster of respective heights, test specimen is placed on lower bolster, covers cushion block,
Adjust the position of test specimen so that it is the shear surface specified is just at upper cushion block edge, and tightens fastening bolt, Gu
Determine test specimen, and determine the height of test specimen with bearing centre in same level；
3) test specimen test: and this test equipment is placed on the base of universal testing machine, adjust the level of equipment
Position makes the bossing of pressure head be in the center of effort of universal testing machine, utilizes convex to pressure head of universal testing machine
Play part and apply pressure, and record load-displacement curve, after test specimen destroys, stop test；
4) data analysis: the interlaminar shear strength of test specimen equal to peak load divided by test specimen shear surface width with
Highly product.
Present invention can ensure that test specimen destroys at the tested interlayer specified.The method is suitable for various unidirectional fibre
Dimension strengthens the measurement of the interface shear strength of polymer matrix composites, by adjusting the height of lower bolster, can survey
Obtain the interface shear strength of the test specimen of differing heights.The making of test specimen is wanted by apparatus and method for provided by the present invention
Asking low, simple to operate, success rate is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the right elevation of outer frame portion；
Fig. 4 is the assembling schematic diagram of lower bolster and outside framework；
Fig. 5 is upper cushion block schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Substantive distinguishing features and the marked improvement of the present invention it is further elucidated with below by accompanying drawing:
A kind of for testing the equipment of shear strength between fiber composite layer, including base 1, outside framework 2,
Lower bolster 3, fastening bolt 4, upper cushion block 5, pressure head 6, bracing frame 7, bearing 8 and test specimen 9, its feature
It is: outside framework 2 is fixing with the left end of base 1 upper surface to be connected, bracing frame 7 and the right side of base 1 upper surface
End is fixing to be connected, and pressure head 6 is hinged with bracing frame 7 by bearing 8, and the side of outside framework 2 is provided with rectangular opening groove,
For limiting the horizontal movement of upper cushion block, the height on rectangular opening bottom land limit is less than the center of bearing 8, outside framework 2
Inside bottom surface have downwards groove, be used for fixing lower bolster 3, the center of the upper surface of test specimen 9 and bearing 8
In same level, the top of outside framework 2 is provided with fastening bolt 4, be provided with in outside framework cushion block 5 and under
Backing plate 3, test specimen 9 is fixed between cushion block 5 and lower bolster 3 by fastening bolt 4, upper cushion block 5 both sides
The width of jut is identical with the width of rectangular opening groove so that upper cushion block 5 can only be vertically moving, outward
Framework 2, lower bolster 3 and upper cushion block 5 one side near bracing frame 7 direction is all in same perpendicular.
The lower surface of the described pressure head 6 to test specimen applying downward pressure and the center of bearing 8 are in same level
On；When the lower surface of pressure head 6 is horizontal, the top edge of the lower limb of pressure head 6 and upper cushion block 5 it
Between space less than 0.1mm, it is ensured that in the perpendicular specified, there is failure by shear in test specimen 9；Pressure head 6 leans on
The one side of nearly outside framework has gradient, it is ensured that pressure head 6 does not contact outside framework, pressure head during running downwards
The upper surface of 6 is provided with a projection.
Provided by the present invention comprise the following steps for testing the method for shear strength between fiber composite layer:
1) test specimen prepares: be perpendicular on the both sides that cylinder or rectangle unidirectional fibre strengthen resin composite materials test specimen
Machine direction respectively cuts one piece, it is ensured that two tangent planes are parallel；
2) test specimen is installed: selecting the lower bolster 3 of respective heights, test specimen is placed on lower bolster 3, covers pad
Block 5, adjusts the position of test specimen 9 so that it is the shear surface specified is just at upper cushion block 5 edge, and tightens tight
Fixing bolt 4, fixing test specimen 9, and determine the height of test specimen 9 with bearing 8 center in same level；
3) test specimen test: and this test equipment is placed on the base of universal testing machine, adjust the level of equipment
Position makes the bossing of pressure head 6 be in the center of effort of universal testing machine, utilizes universal testing machine to pressure head 6
Bossing apply pressure, and record load-displacement curve, after test specimen destroys, stop test；
4) data analysis: the interlaminar shear strength of test specimen equal to peak load divided by test specimen shear surface width with
Highly product.
Embodiment 1
In order to better illustrate equipment and the method for testing of the present invention, execute example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specifically to this
Bright it is described in further detail.A kind of test equipment, is used for testing unidirectional fibre and strengthens polymer matrix composites
Interlaminar shear strength, specifically include that base 1, outside framework 2, lower bolster 3, be used for adjust on test specimen 9
The height on surface；Fastening bolt 4, applies downward power with fixing test specimen 9 to one end of test specimen 9；Upper cushion block
5, the load of fastening bolt 4 is delivered to test specimen 9 surface uniformly；Pressure head 6, for test specimen 9
Apply downward power, make test specimen 9 along specifying interlaminar failure；Bracing frame 7, is used for supporting one end of pressure head；Axle
Hold 8, one end of pressure head 6 is fixed on bracing frame 7.
Outside framework 2 is fixed on base, and side has rectangular opening groove, for limiting the horizontal movement of cushion block 5,
The following height of rectangular opening groove is slightly below bearing 8 center, facilitates practical operation.At the bottom of the inner side of outside framework 2
Face down and have groove, be used for fixing lower bolster 3.
As shown in Figure 4, the size of the downward jut of lower bolster 3 and the groove size of outside framework 2 inside bottom surface
Identical, make lower bolster 3 just be fixed on outside framework 2, it highly meets test specimen 9 when being placed on lower bolster 3,
The center of the upper surface of test specimen 9 and bearing 8 is on a horizontal plane.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the width of the both sides jut of upper cushion block 5 just with the rectangular opening of outside framework 2 side
The width of groove is the same so that upper cushion block 5 can only be vertically moving.
Fastening bolt 4 is at the top of outside framework 2, and can apply pressure to by tightening fastening bolt 4
Cushion block 5, fixing test specimen 9.
The one side in the close bracing frame direction of outside framework 2, lower bolster 3 and upper cushion block 5 is at same perpendicular
In.
The lower surface of pressure head 6 and bearing 8 center are in same level, it is ensured that pressure head 6 malleation is at test specimen 9
On.
As in figure 2 it is shown, when pressure head 6 lower surface is horizontal, with upper pad at the lower limb A of pressure head 6
Space at the lower limb B of block is less than 0.1mm, it is ensured that test specimen occurs failure by shear in the face specified, and not
It is to destroy in the range of one.
As in figure 2 it is shown, there is certain gradient pressure head 6 side, it is ensured that the downward running of pressure head 6 does not connects
Touch outside framework 2.
The side of pressure head 6 tilts should be the least, and the end face of pressure head 6 has one to highlight simultaneously, and this highlights and answers
The narrowest, the pressure that common guarantee universal testing machine records can accurately reflect the shearing on surface of fracture；
The A point of pressure head 6 is more than 200 to the distance at bearing 8 center and the ratio of maximum displacement during test specimen destruction,
Guarantee pressure head 6 is during running downwards, and the impact on test specimen of baroclining is ignored, and test specimen is mainly cut
Cut through bad.
The hardness of the part of the force of whole equipment must be enough, in case making experimental result during test
Become impact
A kind of method of testing, is used for testing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material interface shear strength, and its feature exists
In, utilize above-mentioned ultimate fibre to strengthen the interlaminar shear strength test equipment of polymer matrix composites, including walking as follows
Rapid:
1) test specimen prepares: unidirectional fibre strengthens resin composite materials material and is perpendicular to machine direction and cuts one piece
The cylinder of specified altitude or rectangular coupon, it is ensured that two sections are parallel；
2) test specimen is installed: selecting the lower bolster of respective heights, test specimen is placed on lower bolster, covers cushion block,
Adjust the position of test specimen so that it is the shear surface specified is just at upper cushion block edge, and tightens fastening bolt,
Fixing test specimen, and determine that height of specimen and bearing centre are in same level；
3) test specimen test: and this test equipment is placed on the base of universal testing machine, adjust the level of equipment
Position makes the bossing of pressure head be in the center of effort of universal testing machine, utilizes universal testing machine to pressure head
Bossing apply pressure, and record load-displacement curve, after test specimen destroys, stop test；
4) data analysis: the interlaminar shear strength of test specimen equal to peak load divided by test specimen shear surface width with
Highly product.
The method can ensure that test specimen destroys at the tested interlayer specified.The method is suitable for various unidirectional fibre
Dimension strengthens the measurement of the interlaminar shear strength of polymer matrix composites, by adjusting the height of lower bolster, can survey
Obtain the interlaminar shear strength of the test specimen of differing heights.
Claims (2)
1. for testing an equipment for shear strength between fiber composite layer, including base (1), outside framework (2),
Lower bolster (3), fastening bolt (4), upper cushion block (5), pressure head (6), bracing frame (7), bearing (8)
With test specimen (9), it is characterised in that: outside framework (2) is fixing with the left end of base (1) upper surface to be connected,
Bracing frame (7) is fixing with the right-hand member of base (1) upper surface to be connected, and pressure head (6) passes through bearing (8)
Hinged with bracing frame (7), the side of outside framework (2) is provided with rectangular opening groove, for limiting cushion block
Horizontal movement, the height on rectangular opening bottom land limit is less than the center of bearing (8), the inner side of outside framework (2)
Bottom surface has downwards groove, is used for fixing lower bolster (3), the upper surface of test specimen (9) and bearing (8)
Center in same level, the top of outside framework (2) is provided with fastening bolt (4), outside framework (2)
Inside being provided with cushion block (5) and lower bolster (3), test specimen (9) is fixed on pad by fastening bolt (4)
Between block (5) and lower bolster (3), the width of upper cushion block (5) both sides jut and rectangular opening groove
Width is identical so that upper cushion block (5) can only be vertically moving, outside framework (2), lower bolster (3)
And the one side that upper cushion block (5) is near bracing frame (7) direction is all in same perpendicular.
2., for testing a method for shear strength between fiber composite layer, have employed as claimed in claim 1
A kind of for testing the equipment of shear strength between fiber composite layer, it is characterised in that method is as follows:
1) test specimen prepares: be perpendicular on the both sides that cylinder or rectangle unidirectional fibre strengthen resin composite materials test specimen
Machine direction respectively cuts one piece, it is ensured that two tangent planes are parallel；
2) test specimen is installed: selecting the lower bolster (3) of respective heights, test specimen is placed on lower bolster (3), covers
Upper cushion block (5), adjusts the position of test specimen (9) so that it is the shear surface specified is just at upper cushion block (5) limit
Edge, and tighten fastening bolt (4), fixing test specimen (9), and determine height and the bearing (8) of test specimen (9)
Center is in same level；
3) test specimen test: and this equipment is placed on the base of universal testing machine, adjust the horizontal level of equipment
The bossing making pressure head (6) is in the center of effort of universal testing machine, utilizes universal testing machine to pressure head (6)
Bossing apply pressure, and record load-displacement curve, after test specimen destroys, stop test；
4) data analysis: the interlaminar shear strength of test specimen is equal to the peak load width divided by test specimen shear surface with high
Degree product.
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| CN201410327568.4A CN104062231B (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | A kind of for testing the apparatus and method for of shear strength between fiber composite layer |
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| CN201410327568.4A CN104062231B (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | A kind of for testing the apparatus and method for of shear strength between fiber composite layer |
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| CN104062231A CN104062231A (en) | 2014-09-24 |
| CN104062231B true CN104062231B (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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| CN105547851A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Compact device for testing interfacial shear strength of composite material and method for testing interfacial shear strength of composite material through device |
| CN106501174B (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-02-05 | 常熟理工学院 | The double interface shear strength test methods of aramid fiber rubber composite material |
| CN108535099A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-09-14 | 天津工业大学 | A method of interface shear strength between characterization high-performance fiber and non-transparent resin matrix |
| CN108037020B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device for testing interfacial shear strength between fiber composite rod layers |
| CN113218782B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2023-07-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device for testing interlaminar shear strength distribution of fiber composite material |
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| CN201548464U (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-08-11 | 长安大学 | Asphalt mixture shearing parameter tester |
| CN202024956U (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-11-02 | 江西省交通科学研究院 | Detector for bond immergence shear strength of road surface interlayer |
| CN102297812A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-12-28 | 长安大学 | Torsional shear test device for asphalt pavement material and structure |
| CN102830132B (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-04-09 | 郑州大学 | Stress monitoring-based fiber/polymer interfacial shear crystallization on-line detector |
| CN103234784B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2015-02-25 | 安徽首文碳纤维有限公司 | Sample making method for carbon fiber interlayer shearing strength test, and special die therefor |
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