CN104049649B - The model control method of furnace temp - Google Patents
The model control method of furnace temp Download PDFInfo
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- CN104049649B CN104049649B CN201310081313.XA CN201310081313A CN104049649B CN 104049649 B CN104049649 B CN 104049649B CN 201310081313 A CN201310081313 A CN 201310081313A CN 104049649 B CN104049649 B CN 104049649B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to production field of metallurgy, particularly relate to a kind of temperature control method for heating furnace.A model control method for furnace temp, first based on production actual achievement data, sets up the combustion gas statistical sample under each single product steady production rhythm in heating furnace; Then set up furnace temperature linear distribution curve and product temperature trace model and obtain a certain control section furnace temperature initial set value in conjunction with product type in heater parameters and stove; Calculate the gas flow standard value of this control section and gas flow calculating value again and be combined with the gas flow measured value of this control section the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor comparing and arrange and obtain this control section, finally utilizing temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor to calculate the final setting value of furnace temperature of this control section.The present invention can effectively be alleviated because heating furnace thermal load changes the problem such as measurement of furnace temperature precision exception, control of industrial furnace home exception, energy dissipation caused, and is a kind of imbody of commercial production Precise control, Environment Management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to production field of metallurgy, particularly relate to a kind of temperature control method for heating furnace.
Background technology
Burning control in heating furnace, is finally to realize the reasonable distribution of gas flow in each control section, determines that the thermal load of each control section meets the requirement of control of industrial furnace home.In the heating furnace process control that automaticity improves day by day, generally all realize the automatic adjustment of gas flow by controlling furnace temperature.Along with product specification is expanded, the requirement of market to product quality increases day by day, has higher requirement to the Precise control of heating furnace production run.Because of the impact of the factors such as furnace apparatus characteristic, method for controlling combustion, when product specification is many, rhythm of production changes, in stove, the change of thermal load may affect the measurement of furnace temperature precision of heating furnace, make it can not go out the actual working of a furnace by accurate response, cause the actual tapping temperature fluctuation of product, affect product quality, cause energy dissipation.
Exactly because the variation of product specification, in heating furnace, to load in mixture the phenomenon of heating more and more general for different product.Therefore, by temperature information and flow information being organically combined, realize furnace temperature Precise control under different thermal load, to improving the quality of products, economize energy is significantly.Regrettably, the furnace temperature of current heating furnace controls automatically, is benchmark mainly with single factors, only controls according to product temperature inverse furnace temperature, do not consider to measure gas flow, the problem such as the measurement of furnace temperature precision caused exception, control of industrial furnace home exception, energy dissipation.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of model control method of furnace temp, in-furnace temperature information and gas flow information combine by this control method, can effectively alleviate because heating furnace thermal load changes the problem such as measurement of furnace temperature precision exception, control of industrial furnace home exception, energy dissipation caused.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of model control method of furnace temp, comprise the following steps: first based on production actual achievement data, set up the combustion gas statistical sample under each single product steady production rhythm in heating furnace, by product index and combustion gas statistical sample one_to_one corresponding to characterize the best working of a furnace in actual production process; Then in heating furnace based on each control section actual measurement furnace temperature, set up the furnace temperature linear distribution curve of heating furnace length direction, and to utilize in stove product type in product temperature trace model, heater parameters and stove to obtain a certain control section furnace temperature initial set value; Corresponding combustion gas statistical sample to calculate this control section gas flow standard value and gas flow calculating value in conjunction with product temperature trace model in stove is called again according to the product index in this control section; Gas flow standard value and gas flow calculating value are combined with the gas flow measured value of this control section the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor comparing and arrange and obtain this control section, finally utilize correlation parameter in temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor and stove to calculate this control section furnace temperature modified value, furnace temperature modified value generation is melted down the final setting value of furnace temperature that warm initial set value obtains this control section.
Based on production actual achievement data, set up the combustion gas statistical sample under single product steady production rhythm in heating furnace, combustion gas statistical sample comprises the necessary gas flow that index is product correspondence in jth control section of i
, section end target temperature
, output
, actual measurement gas flow
, combustion gas utilization factor
, the unique index that wherein product index i is concrete steel grade, specifically specification is corresponding;
In formula:
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, the mean specific heat between jth control section temperature in outlet target temperature;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in;
for fuel gases calorific value;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the hourly output of each control section;
。
Describedly call corresponding combustion gas statistical sample according to the product index in this control section and calculate the gas flow standard value of this control section in conjunction with product temperature trace model in stove and gas flow calculating value is specially,
,
,
for under current production status, the gas flow standard value needed for jth control section,
for under current production status, the gas flow calculating value needed for jth control section;
In formula:
for under current production status, index be the product of i in jth control section, the corresponding gas flow standard value needed for hourly output;
for under current production status, product index i is in the hourly output of jth control section;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the hourly output of each control section;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the actual measurement gas flow of jth control section;
In formula:
for under current production status, product index i is in the hourly output of jth control section;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, the mean specific heat between jth control section temperature in outlet target temperature;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, in the combustion gas utilization factor of jth control section;
for under current production status, index is that the product of i is in jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in;
for fuel gases calorific value.
The temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor that described setting obtains this control section is specially, first, and the flow adjustment of setting jth control section
with fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor
scope; Standard gas flow deviate
, calculate gas flow deviate
, variation tendency value
, wherein
for under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of jth control section,
for under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of a upper Measuring Time; Then, according to
,
with
numerical relation setting scope in rule of thumb choose flow adjustment
with fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor
numerical value, finally obtain the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor of jth control section under current production status
.
Describedly utilize correlation parameter in temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor and stove to calculate this control section furnace temperature modified value to be specially
In formula:
for under current production status, the combustion gas comprehensive utilization ratio of jth control section;
for air-fuel ratio;
for under current production status, in jth control section, remove other thermal loss outside flue gas and product absorption heat;
for flue gas generates coefficient;
for under current production status, the flue gas specific heat that in jth control section, thermocouple measuring temperature is corresponding;
for fuel gases calorific value;
for under current production status, jth control section standard gas flow deviate;
for temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor;
for under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of jth control section.
The model control method of furnace temp of the present invention is when carrying out Control for Kiln Temperature, in-furnace temperature information and gas flow information are combined, can effectively alleviate because heating furnace thermal load changes the problem such as measurement of furnace temperature precision exception, control of industrial furnace home exception, energy dissipation caused, be a kind of imbody of commercial production Precise control, Environment Management; Be particularly suitable for that product specification is many, rhythm of production changes fast heating furnace.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's statement.
Embodiment 1
A model control method for furnace temp, comprises the following steps:
Step one, first based on production actual achievement data, set up the combustion gas statistical sample under each single product steady production rhythm in heating furnace, by product index and combustion gas statistical sample one_to_one corresponding to characterize the best working of a furnace in actual production process; Content is as follows:
Single product steady production rhythm: steel grade and the specification of carrying out heating products in heating furnace are just the same, and product index is i, and heating furnace take out steel even pace, the unique index that concrete steel grade, concrete specification are corresponding;
index be the single product of i under steady production state, product arrives the actual achievement temperature at jth control section section end, and this temperature is followed the tracks of by product temperature in stove and obtained;
index be the single product of i under steady production state, in the necessary gas flow of jth control section, namely heat up absorb gas flow corresponding to heat;
, in formula:
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, the mean specific heat between jth control section temperature in outlet target temperature;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in;
for fuel gases calorific value;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the hourly output of each control section, under single product steady production state, the hourly output of each control section is equal,
, wherein:
for product weight in jth control section,
for the length of jth control section, v is stepping rate; For steady production rhythm, be uniform distribution in stove, namely
constant, so the hourly output of each control section is equal;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the combustion gas utilization factor of jth control section,
, wherein:
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, in the actual measurement gas flow of jth control section.
Step 2, then in heating furnace, based on each control section actual measurement furnace temperature, set up the furnace temperature linear distribution curve of heating furnace length direction; In production scene, according to the physical size of product, the discrete differential method of 1 dimension or 2 dimensions can be adopted to carry out solving of heat-conduction equation.Like this, in conjunction with furnace apparatus layout, in stove based on each control section actual measurement furnace temperature, the furnace temperature linear distribution curve of heating furnace length direction can be set up; Based on product heat-conduction equation, iterative is carried out by the discrete differential equation corresponding to heat-conduction equation, realize product temperature in stove to follow the tracks of, calculate jth control section furnace temperature initial set value by industrial control computer according to the necessary furnace temperature of different product in control section
, this is ripe prior art.
Step 3, again combination product temperature trace information, calculate gas flow standard value and the gas flow calculating value of each control section under heating furnace current production status; First, under calculating current production status, product index i is in the hourly output of jth control section
,
, wherein:
for under current production status, index be i product jth control section product weight; Then calculate, under current production status, the gas flow standard value needed for jth control section
with under current production status, the gas flow calculating value needed for jth control section
; Finally calculate the combustion gas comprehensive utilization ratio of jth control section under current production status
,
;
In formula:
for under current production status, index be the product of i in jth control section, the corresponding gas flow standard value needed for hourly output;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the actual measurement gas flow of jth control section;
In formula:
for under current production status, product index i is in the hourly output of jth control section;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, the mean specific heat between jth control section temperature in outlet target temperature;
for under current production status, index is that the product of i is in jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in;
for fuel gases calorific value.
Step 4, in addition gas flow standard value and gas flow calculating value are combined with the gas flow measured value of this control section compare, carry out condition adjudgement, then the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor obtaining this control section is set according to comparative result, in order to realize the differential adjustment of the gas flow under different conditions to furnace temperature; First, the flow adjustment of jth control section is set
with fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor
scope, such as desirable
,
; Standard gas flow deviate
, calculate gas flow deviate
, variation tendency value
, wherein
for under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of jth control section,
for under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of a upper Measuring Time; Then, according to
,
with
numerical relation setting scope in rule of thumb choose flow adjustment
with fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor
concrete numerical value; Finally obtain the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor of jth control section under current production status
.
If
with
jack per line, is just namely being all or is being all negative, illustrates that the working of a furnace similarity that product temperature trace information and gas flow information characterize is high, now flow adjustment
can choose in the scope of setting and get higher value; Otherwise, flow adjustment
get smaller value.
Utilize
with
relation, in the scope of setting, choose the occurrence of fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor, as follows:
| A | B | |
| C | D |
A: current actual gas flow is bigger than normal, and actual gas flow is increase trend, fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor gets higher value;
B: current actual gas flow is less than normal, and actual gas flow is increase trend, fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor gets smaller value;
C: current actual gas flow is bigger than normal, and actual gas flow is reduction trend, fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor gets smaller value;
D: current actual gas flow is less than normal, and actual gas flow is reduction trend, fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor gets higher value;
Step 5, finally utilize correlation parameter in temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor and stove to calculate this control section furnace temperature modified value, furnace temperature modified value generation is melted down the final setting value of furnace temperature that warm initial set value obtains this control section, the final setting value of furnace temperature of jth control section
specifically be calculated as follows:
=
-
Wherein,
In formula:
for the furnace temperature modified value of jth control section;
For the furnace temperature initial set value of jth control section;
for air-fuel ratio;
for under current production status, in jth control section, remove other thermal loss outside flue gas and product absorption heat; Conveniently regulate, be set to 0 in an embodiment, then all by regulating
characterize;
for flue gas generates coefficient, can characterize with the ratio of the exhaust gas volumn of actual measurement with input air, gas quantity sum, also can calculate according to air and gas component;
for under current production status, the flue gas specific heat that in jth control section, thermocouple measuring temperature is corresponding.
For certain heating furnace of our factory's practical application, this heating furnace effective furnace length 46m, is divided into stove rear, preheating section, the section of adding, two sections of adding, soaking zone etc. 5 sections, wherein preheating section, the section of adding, two sections of adding, soaking zone etc. 4 sections are control section, and corresponding j is 1,2 respectively, 3,4; Combustion gas adopts mixed gas, and calorific value is 2120kcal/m
3, air-fuel ratio
be 2.18; Flue gas generates coefficient
be 0.948; Suppose that two product manipulative indexings are respectively 1,2, and in stove, product substance is consistent with distributing mode, and tapping temperature is 1200 DEG C when in forehearth, heating steel grade comprises 2 kinds; Being the product of index 2 in the middle part of stove rear to the section of adding, is the product of index 1 to soaking zone in the middle part of the section of adding; Current stepping rate v is 19.82m/h.
Under current production status, the following table 1 of each control section actual measurement gas-flow value:
| Control section | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| (m 3/h) | 10350 | 13600 | 7610 | 1218 |
| (m 3/h) | 10300 | 12950 | 7600 | 1250 |
Table 1
Under current production status, follow the tracks of according to product temperature in stove, obtain different product as shown in table 2 in each control section temperature in:
Table 2
Each control section furnace temperature initial set value of Industry Control setting
, as shown in table 3 below:
| Control section j | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Setting furnace temperature T (j) | 1005℃ | 1190℃ | 1250℃ | 1210℃ |
Table 3
Under single product steady production rhythm, index be 1,2 hourly output corresponding to product be respectively 280 tons, 250 tons, corresponding stepping rate v is respectively 19.82m/h, 17.69m/h, temperature during product introduction No. 1 control section is 450 DEG C, foundation combustion gas sample statistics information as following table 4:
Table 4
Wherein, index be the single product of i under steady production state, in the necessary gas flow of jth control section
be calculated as follows:
Under the current production status of heating furnace, calculate the gas flow standard value V needed for each control section
3(j) and the gas flow calculating value V needed for each control section
4(j).
Under current production status, product substance is consistent with distributing mode, and therefore the hourly output of each control section is equal, is 280 tons; Adopt formula:
Computation index be the product of i in jth control section, corresponding hourly output
see the following form 5:
Table 5
Under current production status, index be the product of i in jth control section, the corresponding gas flow standard value needed for hourly output
be calculated as follows:
The combustion gas comprehensive utilization ratio of jth control section under current production status
be calculated as follows:
| Control section j | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 0.6294 | 0.5160 | 0.5081 | 0.3523 |
Deduct each control section temperature in control section section end target temperature, can obtain as under current production status, index is that the product of i is in jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in
; As follows:
Under current production status, index be the product of i in jth control section, the corresponding gas flow calculating value needed for hourly output
be calculated as follows:
Under current production status, the gas flow calculating value needed for jth control section:
Condition adjudgement, determines the flow adjustment of each control section from two aspects
.
| j | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 46 | -176 | 110 | 18 | |
| -366 | -103 | 194 | 77 | |
| 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| j | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 46 | -176 | 110 | 18 | |
| 50 | 640 | 10 | -32 | |
| 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 |
| j | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.64 | 0.24 |
Correlation parameter in temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor and stove is utilized to calculate this control section furnace temperature modified value
, be specifically calculated as follows:
By furnace temperature modified value
in generation, returns control section furnace temperature initial set value
, obtain the final setting value of furnace temperature of this control section
=
-
Setting value rounds, and therefore obtains revised design temperature:
| Control section j | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Initial set value | 1005℃ | 1190℃ | 1250℃ | 1210℃ |
| Final setting value | 1005℃ | 1193℃ | 1242℃ | 1206℃ |
Claims (4)
1. the model control method of a furnace temp, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: first based on production actual achievement data, set up the combustion gas statistical sample under each single product steady production rhythm in heating furnace, by product index and combustion gas statistical sample one_to_one corresponding to characterize the best working of a furnace in actual production process; Then in heating furnace based on each control section actual measurement furnace temperature, set up the furnace temperature linear distribution curve of heating furnace length direction, and to utilize in stove product type in product temperature trace model, heater parameters and stove to obtain a certain control section furnace temperature initial set value; Corresponding combustion gas statistical sample to calculate this control section gas flow standard value and gas flow calculating value in conjunction with product temperature trace model in stove is called again according to the product index in this control section; Gas flow standard value and gas flow calculating value are combined with the gas flow measured value of this control section the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor comparing and arrange and obtain this control section, finally utilize correlation parameter in temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor and stove to calculate this control section furnace temperature modified value, furnace temperature modified value generation is melted down the final setting value of furnace temperature that warm initial set value obtains this control section;
Describedly utilize correlation parameter in temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor and stove to calculate this control section furnace temperature modified value to be specially
In formula: Δ T
,j furnace temperature modified value that () is jth control section;
κ (j) under current production status, the combustion gas comprehensive utilization ratio of jth control section;
for air-fuel ratio;
ξ (j), under current production status, removes other thermal loss outside flue gas and product absorption heat in jth control section;
μ is that flue gas generates coefficient;
C
p' under current production status, the flue gas specific heat that in jth control section, thermocouple measuring temperature is corresponding;
Q is fuel gases calorific value;
Δ V (j) under current production status, jth control section standard gas flow deviate;
α (j) is temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor;
V
5(j) under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of jth control section.
2. the model control method of furnace temp as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: based on production actual achievement data, set up the combustion gas statistical sample under single product steady production rhythm in heating furnace, combustion gas statistical sample comprises the necessary gas flow V that index is product correspondence in jth control section of i
1(i, j), section end target temperature T (i, j), output P (i), actual measurement gas flow V
2(i, j), combustion gas utilization factor κ (i, j), the unique index that wherein product index i is concrete steel grade, specifically specification is corresponding;
In formula:
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, the mean specific heat between jth control section temperature in outlet target temperature;
Δ T
i,jfor index be the single product of i under steady production state, jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in;
Q is fuel gases calorific value;
P (i) for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the hourly output of each control section;
κ(i,j)＝V
1(i，j)/V
2(i，j)。
3. the model control method of furnace temp as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly call corresponding combustion gas statistical sample according to the product index in this control section and calculate the gas flow standard value of this control section in conjunction with product temperature trace model in stove and gas flow calculating value is specially
v
3(j) under current production status, the gas flow standard value needed for jth control section, V
4(j) under current production status, the gas flow calculating value needed for jth control section;
In formula: V
3(i, j) under current production status, index be the product of i in jth control section, the corresponding gas flow standard value needed for hourly output;
P (i, j) is under current production status, and product index i is in the hourly output of jth control section;
P (i) for index be the single product of i under steady production state in the hourly output of control section;
V
2(i, j) is actual measurement gas flow, and the implication of expression is, index be the single product of i under steady production state in the actual measurement gas flow of jth control section;
In formula: P (i, j) is under current production status, and product index i is in the hourly output of jth control section;
for index be the single product of i under steady production state, the mean specific heat between jth control section temperature in outlet target temperature;
κ (i, j) for index be the single product of i under steady production state, in the combustion gas utilization factor of jth control section;
Δ T '
i,jfor under current production status, index is that the product of i is in jth control section section end target temperature and the temperature difference of control section temperature in;
Q is fuel gases calorific value.
4. the model control method of furnace temp as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor that described setting obtains this control section is specially, first, flow adjustment δ (j) of jth control section and the scope of fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor γ (j) is set; Standard gas flow deviate Δ V (j)=V
5(j)-V
3j (), calculates gas flow deviate Δ V
1(j)=V
5(j)-V
4(j), variation tendency value Δ V
2(j)=V
5(j)-V
5 old(j), wherein V
5(j) under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of jth control section, V
5 old(j) under current production status, the actual measurement gas-flow value of a upper Measuring Time; Then, according to Δ V (j), Δ V
1(j) and Δ V
2j the numerical relation of () rule of thumb chooses the numerical value of flow adjustment δ (j) and fluctuations in discharge trend regulatory factor γ (j) in the scope of setting, finally obtain temperature adjustmemt regulatory factor α (j)=δ (the j) × γ (j) of jth control section under current production status.
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| CN104532212B (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2017-11-10 | 上海微世半导体有限公司 | The accuracy control method of the furnace temperature of LPCVD embryo deposits |
| CN104807036B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2018-01-19 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of temprature control method of continuous gas heating furnace |
| CN105334736B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-12-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of temperature control method for heating furnace of fractional model PREDICTIVE CONTROL |
| CN106197052B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-09-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of controlling security for chemical industry heating furnace |
| CN111950176B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2024-06-11 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Optimization method and optimization device for billet heating model and electronic equipment |
| CN115101139B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-09-15 | 南京安佰思生物科技有限公司 | Synthesis process of hydroxy pinacolone retinoic acid ester |
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