CN104049100B - Micron-size particle autorotation speed test method and device in liquid swirling flow field - Google Patents
Micron-size particle autorotation speed test method and device in liquid swirling flow field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micron-size particle autorotation speed test method and device in a liquid swirling flow field, and provides the micron-size particle autorotation speed test method in the liquid swirling flow field. The method comprises the steps that (1) transparent or semi-transparent particles which are equal in diameter, are arranged in a center symmetry mode and are provided with two inner cores are selected as autorotation test particles; (2) a high-speed image pickup system is adopted for recording the two-dimensional movement process of the particles in the liquid swirling flow field, and an image sequence of particle movement is obtained; (3) the autorotation speed of the particles is determined by analyzing the overlapping and separating frequency of projections of the two inner cores in the particles in the obtained image sequence. The invention further provides the micron-size particle autorotation speed test device in the liquid swirling flow field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fluid-particle two-phase flows field tests, it is related to micron particles rotation in a kind of test liquid eddy flow field
The method and device of speed.Specifically, there is provided a kind of using equal diameters, be centrosymmetrically arranged the transparent of two kernels or
The method and apparatus of micron particles rotational velocity in translucent particulate and high speed video system combined test liquid cyclone field.
Background technology
In Fluid-particle two-phase flows, suspended particulate while following fluid and do macroscopical displacement movement, because flow field has speed
Degree gradient, so as to also there is the rotary motion around its own instantaneous axis in suspended particulate unbalance stress.Numerous researchs show,
Grain not only produces impact to itself kinetic characteristic around the rotary motion of its own instantaneous axis, simultaneously to solid phase particles field and
The flow field of surrounding also produces impact.For a long time, because the complexity of particle spinning motion and tested person technical conditions limit, right
In Shearing Flow particle rotation motion research mainly based on theoretical research, experimental study be also mainly for height glue
Particle spinning motion in degree, simple shear flowing, particle scale is also in Centimeter Level.Micron particles are revolved in eddy flow field
The research changed one's profession for and its affect have not been reported.
The problem that in research multiphase flow, the rotary motion characteristic of particle initially encounters is exactly accurately to measure the rotating speed of particle, mesh
Before have some scholars to be attempted in this respect.
The vast grade of Luo Zhong (" particle rotation physical property in recirculating fluidized bed ", Luo Zhongyang, Wu Xuecheng, Wang Qinhui, Gao Qiong, Fang Mengxiang,
Cen Kefa, " Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering ", the 10th phase of volume 2005,56,1869-1874) using high-speed digital transmission equipment and high-power swash
The test system that light is constituted is studied to bed endoparticle revolving property on cold conditions fluid bed experiment porch.Testing particle is
Average grain diameter is 500 microns of pure white transparent reflecting glass Beads, shooting frame frequency be 5000 frames/second, image resolution ratio be 640 ×
480.It differentiates the rotation of particle by particle surface special, the fixing speck in surface in irregular shape or pattern, records particle
Rotating speed reaches as high as 2000r/s, mean speed 300r/s.
(" the particle rotating speed method of discrimination based on circumference intensity profile cross-correlation ", Wu Xuecheng, Wang Qinhui, the white horse with a black mane such as Wu Xuecheng
Zhong Yang, Fang Mengxiang, Cen Kefa, " Proceedings of the CSEE ", the 8th phase of volume 2008,28,71-76) develop one kind and be based on
The computerized algorithm of particle circumference intensity profile cross-correlation is used for the differentiation of particle rotating speed in institute's bat fluid bed flow field figure picture.The party
Method carries out the identification of particle, screening and positioning in image, and then the circumference gray scale according to particle using digital image processing techniques
The rotating speed of distribution change calculations particle in two images.
(Rotational diffusion of particles in turbulence is (in vortex for Colin R.Meyer
The rotation dispersion of particle), arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.0150,2013) etc. surveyed using three-dimensional particle image speed
Amount technology (SPIV) tests the rotary motion of spheric granules and ellipsoid particle in a symmetrical tank diameter.Spherical particle diameters are
8mm, ellipsoid particle aspect and minor axis are 16mm and 8mm respectively, and density is 1007kg/m3.Spheric granules and ellipsoid in flow field
The Reynolds number of grain is 22 and 63 respectively.The temporal resolution (camera shooting frame frequency) of test is 14.773Hz.Its test obtains
Spheric granules rotational velocity is [Ωx,Ωy,Ωz]=[- 0.012, -0.029,0.021] Rad/s, ellipsoid particle rotational velocity is
[Ωx,Ωy,Ωz]=[- 0.024, -0.052,0.011] Rad/s.
The raising of technique for taking is greatly facilitated particle and rotates testing research, and the identification rotating for particle remains one
Individual larger problem.And conventional researcher's one side is by marking in particle surface, this results in from transfer to test particle
Size will not be too little, and mark and also have very big difficulty；The exactly direct selection of another aspect has surface can distinguishing feature
Grain is studied, and this surface characteristics disunity, and identification is also than relatively low.
So far, for the rotational velocity of micron particles in low viscosity high reynolds number fluid in liquid-solid micro- cyclone,
A kind of effective measuring method is not yet developed in this area.
Content of the invention
The invention provides micron particles rotational velocity method of testing and device in a kind of novel liquid cyclone field, from
And solve problems of the prior art.
On the one hand, the invention provides micron particles rotational velocity method of testing, the method in a kind of liquid cyclone field
Comprise the following steps：
(1) select equal diameters, be centrosymmetrically arranged the transparent or semitransparent particulate of two kernels as from transfer to test
Grain；
(2) adopt the two dimensional motion process of particulate in high speed video system recording liquid eddy flow field, obtain particle movement
Image sequence；
(3) by the overlap of two kernels projections analyzed in the image sequence of gained in particulate with separate frequency and determine
The rotational velocity of particulate.
In one preferred embodiment, the shell from transfer to test particle of selection is transparent or translucent spherical,
Interior bag two dark colors, equal diameters, the kernels being centrosymmetrically arranged, diameter is less than 500 microns, and deformation coefficient is less than 5%.
Another preferred embodiment in, be 90 degree to the resolving accuracy of particulate rotation angle.
Another preferred embodiment in, the maximum tangential velocity of described liquid cyclone field is not more than 10m/s.
On the other hand, the invention provides micron particles rotational velocity test device, this dress in a kind of liquid cyclone field
Put including：
The cyclonic separation experimental provision of testing liquid eddy flow field is provided；
For recording the high speed video system of the two dimensional motion process of particulate；
The cold light source of the light irradiating testing liquid eddy flow field is provided；
High speed video system controls the computer with data storage.
In one preferred embodiment, described cyclonic separation experimental provision is a circulatory system, including：For filling
The fluid reservoir of liquid storage body, the turbulence pump for liquid supercharging being connected with fluid reservoir, vortex pump discharge is divided into two-way, a road fluid
Through return valve return fluid reservoir, a road through flow valve and plus grain device after enter test use micro- cyclone, from micro- cyclone apex with
Bottom fluid out all returns fluid reservoir；Wherein, the inlet pressure of described micro- cyclone is 0.1-0.3MPa, and fluid temperature is not
Higher than 50 DEG C, nominal diameter is not more than 40mm, and surface is pure.
Another preferred embodiment in, the shooting frame frequency of described high speed video system is not less than 5000fps, minimum
Time for exposure is not more than 10 microseconds, and resolution ratio is not less than 800 × 600；Described high speed video system adopts micro-lens.
Another preferred embodiment in, described cold light source is high power white light cold light source, light emission color temperature be 5500
～8000K, luminous flux is not less than 12000Lm.
Another preferred embodiment in, before described plus grain device is arranged on the import of micro- cyclone, opened by two
Close valve to control plus grain and release test particulate.
Another preferred embodiment in, described cyclonic separation experimental provision adopts the little turbulence pump of output pulsation.
Brief description
Carry out as described in detail below according to combining accompanying drawing, the purpose of the present invention and feature will be apparent from, accompanying drawing
In：
Fig. 1 is to be distributed the transparent of two kernels according to the interior bag equal diameters of one embodiment of the present invention, Central Symmetry
Or the spinning motion method of discrimination schematic diagram of translucent particulate, wherein A is front view, and B is top view.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic according to particulate rotation in the test liquid eddy flow field of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is according to particulate in the liquid-solid micro- cyclone of test optical quartz glass of another embodiment of the present invention certainly
The schematic device turning.
Fig. 4 is the micro- cyclone of optical quartz glass of the offer liquid cyclone field according to an embodiment of the invention
Structural representation.
Specific embodiment
Present inventor finds after in-depth study have passed through extensively, in liquid-solid micro- cyclone endoparticle
Except doing the revolution motion of macroscopic view around eddy flow field center, there is also the spinning motion around its instantaneous axis, and particle rotation
Motion has also had influence on the separating property of cyclone；But because field of swirler is especially complex, particle is in high-speed motion, because
This test eddy flow field in particulate there is great difficulty, on the one hand limited by technical conditions, general high-speed figure camera resolution with
Shooting speed is all difficult to meet require, and the sign difficulty of another aspect particle spinning motion is also very big.For with present on ask
Topic, inventor summarizes conventional achievement in research, to rotate easy identification particulate as breach, develops using high-speed digital photography skill
Art tests the method and device of particulate spinning motion in eddy flow field, thus completing the present invention.
The technology design of the present invention is as follows：
The transparent or semitransparent particulate using equal diameters, being centrosymmetrically arranged two kernels and high speed video system combination
The rotational velocity of micron particles in test liquid eddy flow field.Method of testing includes：With equal diameters, it is centrosymmetrically arranged two
The transparent or semitransparent particulate of kernel is as from transfer to test particle；Using transparent in high speed video system recording liquid eddy flow field or
The two dimensional motion process of translucent particulate, obtains the image sequence of particle movement；By two in particulate in analysis of the image sequence
The overlap of individual kernel projection to determine the rotational velocity of particulate with separating frequency.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for particulate rotational velocity in a kind of liquid-solid micro- cyclone of test, should
Method includes：
(1) using equal diameters, it is centrosymmetrically arranged the transparent or semitransparent particulate of two kernels as from transfer to test particle；
(2) adopt the two dimensional motion process of transparent or semitransparent particulate in high speed video system recording liquid eddy flow field, obtain
Obtain the image sequence of particle movement；
(3) by the overlap of the two kernels projection in particulate in analysis of the image sequence with separate frequency and determine particulate
Rotational velocity.
It is preferred that described from transfer to test particle shell be transparent or translucent spheric granules, interior bag two dark colors, diameters
Inner core particles that are equal, being centrosymmetrically arranged, housing diameter is less than 500 microns, and has high monodispersity, i.e. deformation coefficient
(CV value) is less than 5%.
In the present invention, by the overlap of the two kernels projection in particulate in analysis of the image sequence with separate frequency Lai true
Determine the rotational velocity of particulate, be 90 degree to test particle rotation angle explanation precision.
It is preferred that the described maximum tangential velocity from transfer to test particle in liquid cyclone field is not more than 10m/s.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the device of particulate rotational velocity in a kind of liquid-solid micro- cyclone of test, should
Device includes：
The cyclonic separation experimental provision of stable liquid eddy flow field can be provided, for shooting the high-speed figure of particulate rotational velocity
Camera, provides the high-power cold light source of strong white light, and the computer controlling high-speed figure camera and data storage.
In the present invention, cyclonic separation experimental provision is a circulatory system, including：One is used for filling the liquid storage of liquid storage body
Tank, the turbulence pump for liquid supercharging being connected with fluid reservoir, vortex pump discharge is divided into two-way, and a road fluid returns through return valve
Fluid reservoir, a road through flow valve and adds the entrance test micro- cyclone of optical quartz glass after grain device, from the micro- eddy flow of quartz glass
Device top and bottom fluid out all returns fluid reservoir；It is respectively provided with pressure in the micro- cyclone inlets of quartz glass and two outlets
Table, is additionally provided with flowmeter and control valve in its import and top exit.Concrete testing procedure is as follows：
I () starts the turbulence pump of cyclonic separation experimental provision, adjust flow valve and return valve reaches measurement condition bar
Part, obtains stable eddy flow field in the micro- cyclone of optical quartz glass；
(ii) high power white light cold light source, strong illumination eddy flow field region to be measured are opened；
(iii) to plus grain device load test particle, and to micro- cyclone inlets discharge particle；
(iv) in control computer, triggering high-speed figure camera carries out shooting record image；
The transmission of (v) high-speed figure camera data, storage and data analysis.
It is preferred that described high-speed figure camera acquisition parameters should meet simultaneously resolution ratio 800 × 600 and more than, frame frequency
5000fps and more than, time for exposure 10 microsecond and following, to obtain time enough and spatial resolution.
It is preferred that described high-speed figure camera adopts micro-lens.
It is preferred that described high power white light cold light source luminous colour temperature is 5500～8000K, luminous flux is more than 12000Lm,
So that particle imaging clearly.
It is preferred that the micro- nominal diameter of hydroclone of described optical quartz glass is not more than 40mm, surface must be pure；Its operation
Pressure is 0.1MPa-0.3MPa, not higher than 50 DEG C of temperature.
It is preferred that described cyclonic separation experimental provision adopts the less turbulence pump of output pulsation, using flow valve and backflow
Valve is coordinated to control, and improves the Flow-rate adjustment precision into cyclone in a subtle way, to reduce flowed fluctuation, makes the micro- eddy flow of optical quartz glass
Device inward turning flow field is stable.
It is preferred that before described plus grain device is arranged on the micro- cyclone inlets of quartz glass, being controlled plus grain by two switch valves
With release test particulate.
Describe methods and apparatus of the present invention below according to accompanying drawing in detail.
Fig. 1 is to be distributed the transparent of two kernels according to the interior bag equal diameters of one embodiment of the present invention, Central Symmetry
Or the spinning motion method of discrimination schematic diagram of translucent particulate, wherein A is front view, and B is top view.As shown in figure 1, according to micro-
The overlap of two kernel projections of intragranular and the rotation separating differentiation particle, the resolving accuracy of particle rotational angle is 90 degree, its
Middle n be in particulate spinning motion photo sequence two kernels overlapping with separate number of times.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic according to particulate rotation in the test liquid eddy flow field of one embodiment of the present invention.As
Shown in Fig. 2, in eddy flow field, mainly it is subject to eddy flow field tangential velocity U from the spinning motion of transfer to test particletImpact, according to tangential velocity
Feature, and position relationship in eddy flow field for the particle is it may be determined that particle sense of rotation；Particle rotational velocity ωpComputational methods are such as
Under：
ωp=θ/τ (1)
θ=n pi/2 (2)
τ=m/f (3)
Wherein, θ is particulate rotation angle, and n is two kernels of particle in one group of photo sequence that high speed video system 2 shoots
Overlapping with separate number of times, τ is record particle rotation time, and m is to record particle spinning motion number of pictures, and f is high-speed camera system
System shoots frame frequency；
Particle coordinate x, y and z be can determine that according to the photo that high speed video system 2 shoots.
Fig. 3 is according to particulate in the liquid-solid micro- cyclone of test optical quartz glass of another embodiment of the present invention certainly
The schematic device turning.As shown in figure 3, this device includes：The cyclonic separation experimental provision of stable liquid eddy flow field can be provided, use
In the high speed video system 2 shooting particulate rotational velocity, provide the high power white light cold light source 3 of strong white light, and control at a high speed
The computer 4 of camera system and data storage；Wherein,
Cyclonic separation experimental provision includes a fluid reservoir 1-1, and in tank, liquid is pressurized through turbulence pump 1-2, by flow valve
1-3-1 and return valve 1-3-2 enters the flow of optical quartz glass micro- cyclone 1-5 to control；In the setting of micro- cyclone inlet
One particulate adds a device 1-4, is opened by valve 1-4-1, valve 1-4-2 close to plus grain device deposit a chamber and add grain, closed by valve 1-4-1,
Valve 1-4-2 leaves realization and throws in test particle to micro- cyclone 1-5 continuous uniform；One rectangular tube is set outside micro- cyclone 1-5
Water jacket 1-6, is full of and same liquid medium in fluid reservoir in rectangular tube water jacket, to reduce due to the light of micro- cyclone curved surfaces
Reflect the measure error brought；Micro- cyclone inlets and overflow outlet are provided with flowmeter and pressure gauge, set in underflow outlet
Put a pressure gauge；Also set up flow control valve 1-3-3 and 1-3-4 in overflow outlet and underflow outlet respectively.
Fig. 4 is the micro- cyclone of optical quartz glass of the offer liquid cyclone field according to an embodiment of the invention
Structural representation.As shown in figure 4, a and b is import length and height respectively, D is micro- cyclone shell of column internal diameter (nominal diameter), DoFor
Overflow pipe external diameter, doFor overflow bore, h is overflow pipe insertion depth, and H is shell of column height, duFor underflow outlet internal diameter, α is cone
Angle.
Main advantages of the present invention are：
The present invention using equal diameters, be centrosymmetrically arranged the transparent or semitransparent particulate of two kernels as from transfer to test
Particle, substantially increases the identification of particle spinning motion in eddy flow field；In conjunction with High-speed Photography Technology it is achieved that low viscosity,
The accurate measurement of micron particles in high turbulent flow eddy flow field.
Embodiment
The present invention is expanded on further with reference to specific embodiment.It should be appreciated, however, that these embodiments are only used for
The bright present invention and be not meant to limit the scope of the invention.The test method of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, generally
According to normal condition, or according to the condition proposed by manufacturer.Unless otherwise stated, all of percentage and number be by weight
Meter.
Embodiment 1
Using device as shown in Figure 3, test particulate in the micro- cyclone of optical quartz glass that nominal diameter is 25mm
Rotational velocity.Liquid medium is running water, normal temperature.Particle uses two diameter phases of interior bag of miniflow granulating technique synthesis
Deng, the translucent polymer spheric granules of Central Symmetry two kernels of distribution, mean particle size is 450 microns, deformation coefficient
For 3% it is considered that CV value has good monodispersity less than 5%, relative density is 1.15 to CV value.
Table 1 below shows that, under the device different operating pressure condition that application the inventive method records, nominal diameter is 25mm
Optical quartz glass micro- cyclone shell of column particulate rotational velocity.Table 2 below shows operating pressure when being 0.1MPa, tests particulate
Two-dimensional coordinate.
Table 1：Particulate rotational velocity under different operating pressure
| Operating pressure, MPa | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0.26 |
| Particulate rotational velocity, r/min | 26667 | 15240 | 12700 | 10160 | 15240 |
Table 2：Particulate two-dimensional coordinate
| y | z |
| 4.563 | 21.780 |
| 3.621 | 21.983 |
| 2.879 | 22.081 |
| 1.934 | 22.286 |
| 1.052 | 22.485 |
| 0.101 | 22.587 |
| -1.243 | 22.688 |
| -1.856 | 22.783 |
| -2.866 | 22.984 |
| -3.722 | 23.088 |
| -4.598 | 23.189 |
The all documents referring in the present invention are all incorporated as reference in this application, independent just as each document
It is incorporated as with reference to like that.In addition, it is to be understood that after the above-mentioned instruction content having read the present invention, those skilled in the art can
To make various changes or modifications to the present invention, these equivalent form of values equally fall within the model that the application appended claims are limited
Enclose.
Claims (9)
1. micron particles rotational velocity method of testing in a kind of liquid cyclone field, the method comprises the following steps：
(1) select equal diameters, be centrosymmetrically arranged the transparent or semitransparent particulate of two kernels as from transfer to test particle；
(2) adopt the two dimensional motion process of particulate in high speed video system recording liquid eddy flow field, obtain the image of particle movement
Sequence；
(3) by the overlap of two kernels projections analyzed in the image sequence of gained in particulate with separate frequency and determine particulate
Rotational velocity.
2. the method for claim 1 is it is characterised in that the shell from transfer to test particle selecting is transparent or semi-transparent
Bright spherical, interior bag two dark colors, equal diameters, the kernels being centrosymmetrically arranged, diameter is less than 500 microns, and deformation coefficient
Less than 5%.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that be 90 degree to the resolving accuracy of particulate rotation angle.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that the maximum tangential velocity of described liquid cyclone field is not more than
10m/s.
5. micron particles rotational velocity test device in a kind of liquid cyclone field of the method for claim 1, this device
Including：
The cyclonic separation experimental provision of testing liquid eddy flow field is provided；
For recording the high speed video system (2) of the two dimensional motion process of particulate；
The cold light source (3) of the light irradiating testing liquid eddy flow field is provided；
High speed video system controls the computer (4) with data storage,
Wherein, described cyclonic separation experimental provision is a circulatory system, including：For filling the fluid reservoir (1-1) of liquid storage body, with
The connected turbulence pump (1-2) for liquid supercharging of fluid reservoir (1-1), turbulence pump (1-2) outlet is divided into two-way, a road fluid warp
Return valve (1-3-2) return fluid reservoir (1-1), a road through flow valve (1-3-1) and plus grain device (1-4) after enter test use micro- rotation
Stream device (1-5), from micro- cyclone (1-5) top and bottom, fluid out all returns fluid reservoir (1-1)；Wherein, described micro- rotation
The inlet pressure of stream device (1-5) is 0.1-0.3MPa, not higher than 50 DEG C of fluid temperature, and nominal diameter is not more than 40mm, and surface is pure
Only.
6. device as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that the shooting frame frequency of described high speed video system (2) is not less than
5000fps, the minimum exposure time is not more than 10 microseconds, and resolution ratio is not less than 800 × 600；Described high speed video system adopts micro-
Away from camera lens.
7. device as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that described cold light source (3) is high power white light cold light source, illuminant colour
Temperature is 5500～8000K, and luminous flux is not less than 12000Lm.
8. device as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that the described grain device (1-4) that adds is arranged on entering of micro- cyclone (1-5)
Before mouthful, controlled by two switch valves plus grain and release test particulate.
9. device as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that described cyclonic separation experimental provision adopts the little whirlpool of output pulsation
Stream pump (1-2).
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410323160.XA CN104049100B (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | Micron-size particle autorotation speed test method and device in liquid swirling flow field |
| US15/324,552 US10598585B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2015-06-15 | Synchronous high-speed photographing method and device for microparticle rotation in liquid cyclone field |
| RU2017103913A RU2665344C2 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2015-06-15 | Method and device of synchronous high-speed photographic rotation of microparticle in hydrocyclone field |
| PCT/CN2015/081425 WO2016004810A1 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2015-06-15 | Synchronous high speed photographing method and device for microparticle rotation in liquid cyclone field |
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| CN201410323160.XA CN104049100B (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | Micron-size particle autorotation speed test method and device in liquid swirling flow field |
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| US10598585B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2020-03-24 | East China University Of Science And Technology | Synchronous high-speed photographing method and device for microparticle rotation in liquid cyclone field |
| CN108632539A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-09 | 北京中嘉空间展示设计有限公司 | Integral type sends sample examination adornment to be taken pictures room |
| CN109633440B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2023-09-22 | 河北工业大学 | Motor drive testing device with microsecond-level real-time control data monitoring function |
| CN110940826B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-02-22 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for detecting tobacco shred movement speed in horizontal pipe dense-phase tobacco shred pneumatic conveying process |
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