CN104046762A - Quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure gas cylinder - Google Patents
Quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure gas cylinder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quenching method of a major-diameter thick-wall pressure gas cylinder. Based on a numerical simulation technique, under the premise that a major-diameter thick-wall pressure gas cylinder can obtain satisfactory tissues and an inner cavity can release pressure completely and according to the temperature change of characteristic nodes of the body of the pressure gas cylinder and distribution of tissues, the invention provides a quenching and cooling method in which intermittent mist spraying is carried out on the inner surface of the gas cylinder and continuous water spraying is carried out on the outer surface of the gas cylinder when the gas cylinder rotates. The gas cylinder rotates to improve the cooling uniformity of the gas cylinder. The inner surface of the gas cylinder is cooled in a mist spraying manner to reduce the temperature difference of the inner and outer surfaces of the cylinder body so as to reduce the quenching stress, improve the hardenability and reduce the deformation of the cylinder body. The mist spraying pause process of the inner surface is beneficial to good pressure release effect of vapor in the inner cavity of the gas cylinder. By means of the method disclosed by the invention, the quenched major-diameter thick-wall pressure gas cylinder can obtain good tissue distribution, small deformation and residual stress, so that the quenching quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat treating method of pressure cylinder, particularly a kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, belongs to heat treatment technics field.
Background technology
Along with the widespread use of Sweet natural gas, for the demand of the major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder of splendid attire and transport of compressed natural, increasing year by year.Because the long term operation of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder is in the fatigue environment of loading and unloading, bear very large pulsating stress, stress-strain is complicated, presents high stress level.The formulation of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder quenching technology is of paramount importance link in pressure cylinder thermal treatment process, and its final quality and use properties are played to key effect.The features such as major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder has that quality is large, bottle is long, diameter is large and bottleneck size is relatively little, its thermal treatment process is often very complicated.Traditional gas cylinder quenching technology is that gas cylinder is directly quenched in groove; its martensitic transformation amount is low; bottle through hardening completely; surfaces externally and internally is cooling can not carry out simultaneously; often can cause that Hardness Distribution is uneven, unrelieved stress is excessive, the problems such as moderate finite deformation easily occur bottle, so the quenching that in traditional slot, quenching technology is only applicable to the minor diameter pressure cylinder of small volume is produced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, make gas cylinder obtain afterwards good tissue distribution, less distortion and unrelieved stress in quenching, improve gas cylinder quality.
Design of the present invention is such: gas cylinder is heated above austenitic temperature Ac3 30-50 ℃ from process furnace, and after being fully incubated, by traveling crane to quenching on stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle stretches into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts rotation, and gas cylinder starts to carry out internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quench cooled.Because major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder bottleneck diameter and body size differ larger, be to guarantee the fully pressure release in spray process of gas cylinder inner chamber, keep internal pressure stable, the internal surface process with stop-spraying of need repeatedly spraying.The arrangement of time of internal surface spraying and stop-spraying is by numerical simulation technology, by setting up the mathematical model of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder quenching process, grid model, material therefor data and analog parameter is rationally set, calculate gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray process simulation.Guaranteeing that gas cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue and inner chamber fully under the prerequisite of pressure release, according to the transformation situation of the temperature variations of bottle characteristic node in analog result and tissue, through many experiments analysis, establish final internal surface spray time and unflowing time, establish its final quenching technology.
Concrete, the quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Gas cylinder is heated above after 30-50 ℃ of austenitic temperature Ac3 abundant insulation from process furnace, by traveling crane to quenching on stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle is stretched into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts rotation, to gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quench cooled, its internal surface spray process control method is as follows:
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the first time: when quenching process starts, to gas cylinder, adopt the mode of outside surface water spray, internal surface spraying to carry out cooling, so that gas cylinder exospheric temperature is down to rapidly below martensite point, after gas cylinder internal surface temperature is down to ferrite transformation starting point, internal surface spraying stops;
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the second time: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up to internal surface after vertex, start to carry out spray cooling for the second time, after internal surface temperature reaches ferrite transformation terminating point, internal surface spray cooling stops; Its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the third time: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up, to vertex, its internal surface is started to carry out spray cooling for the third time, when gas cylinder internal surface temperature initial lower than martensitic transformation
point, and internal surface temperature recovery to vertex after stop-spraying does not stop higher than martensitic transformation just
pointtime, internal surface spray cooling stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
The 4th time spray time is controlled: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up to vertex, again its internal surface is carried out to spray cooling the 4th time, until gas cylinder internal surface temperature vertex is cooled to tempering temperature.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is: the present invention is on the basis of numerical simulation, the mode that adopts stand to quench to major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, to adopting the quenching technology of gas cylinder inner surface radial direction intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray, intermittent spraying can regulate the temperature distribution of body in gas cylinder quenching process, reduces thermal stresses; Stop-spraying process has been adjusted the heat release of gas cylinder internal surface, is conducive to control the growing amount of gas cylinder internal water vapour, realizes the control of gas cylinder internal maximum gas pressure; Radially spraying can make internal surface uniform hardening, realizes hardness and is uniformly distributed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is embodiment of the present invention model meshes Division and feature node distribution plan.
Accompanying drawing 2 is each characteristic node temperature temporal evolution of embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder figure.
Accompanying drawing 3 is each characteristic node axial stress temporal evolution of embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder figure.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder quenches rear each stress of bottle along wall thickness direction distribution curve.
Accompanying drawing 5 is that embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder quenches rear body along wall thickness direction tissue distribution graphic representation.
Embodiment
The following examples are used for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment gas cylinder length is that 6000mm, wall thickness are that 38mm, external diameter are that 914mm, bottleneck external diameter are 270mm, and material is 30CrMo steel.Gas cylinder is heated to 900 ℃ from process furnace, after insulation 45min, by traveling crane to quenching on stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle stretches into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts rotation, gas cylinder starts to carry out internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quenches, and to guarantee the fully pressure release in spray process of gas cylinder inner chamber, keeps internal pressure stable.Concrete grammar is as follows:
Set up mathematical model and the gas cylinder grid model (its grid model as shown in Figure 1) of gas cylinder quenching process.Obtain mechanical property parameters and the thermal physical property parameter of 30CrMo steel and analog parameter is rationally set, gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray process simulation is calculated.Guarantee that gas cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue and inner chamber fully under the prerequisite of pressure release, according to the transformation situation of the temperature variations of bottle characteristic node in analog result and tissue, repeatedly model analysis, establishes final internal surface spray time and unflowing time.The intermittent spraying time establish according to as follows:
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the first time: when quenching process starts, adopt the mode of outside surface water spray internal surface spraying to carry out cooling, so that gas cylinder exospheric temperature is down to rapidly below martensite point to gas cylinder; After gas cylinder internal layer temperature is down to ferrite transformation starting point, internal surface spray cooling process stops, and its unflowing time continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex.
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the second time: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up, to vertex, its internal surface is started to carry out spray cooling for the second time; After internal surface temperature reaches ferrite transformation terminating point, internal surface spray cooling process stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex.
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the third time: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up, to vertex, its internal surface is started to carry out spray cooling for the third time; When gas cylinder internal surface temperature is lower than martensitic transformation starting point, and internal surface after stop-spraying temperature recovery to vertex during just not higher than martensite finish(ing) point Mf, internal surface spray cooling process stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex.
The 4th time spray time is controlled: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up, to vertex, again its internal surface is started to carry out to spray cooling the 4th time, until temperature vertex in gas cylinder is cooled to tempering temperature.
After quenching by above-mentioned technique, curve is as shown in Figure 2 over time for each characteristic node temperature of gas cylinder, each characteristic node axial stress temporal evolution curve as shown in Figure 3, after quenching, along wall thickness direction distribution curve as shown in Figure 4, after quenching, martensitic stucture distributes as shown in Figure 5 bottle stress.From analog result, gas cylinder is pressed after the quenching of inner surface radial direction intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray quenching technology, and axial stress peak value is all in the safety range of material, and after quenching, unrelieved stress is less, and bottle distortion is less, the complete through hardening of bottle.
After major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder adopts the quenching technology of immersion in the groove that is widely used in middle small gas cylinder to quench, the tissue of gas cylinder and mechanical property can not meet service requirements, to the research of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder quenching technology seldom.The present invention is on the basis of numerical simulation, the mode that adopts stand to quench to major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, a kind of quenching method of internal surface intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder is provided, and after quenching, gas cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue distribution and the control to unrelieved stress to realization.
Claims (1)
1. a quenching method for major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, is characterized in that: gas cylinder is heated above austenitic temperature A from process furnace
c330-50 ℃ and fully after insulation, by traveling crane, to quenching on stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle is stretched into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts rotation, to gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quench cooled, its internal surface spray process control method is as follows:
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the first time: when quenching process starts, to gas cylinder, adopt the mode of outside surface water spray, internal surface spraying to carry out cooling, so that gas cylinder exospheric temperature is down to rapidly below martensite point, after gas cylinder internal surface temperature is down to ferrite transformation starting point, internal surface spraying stops;
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the second time: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up to internal surface after vertex, start to carry out spray cooling for the second time, after internal surface temperature reaches ferrite transformation terminating point, internal surface spray cooling stops; Its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
Spray time and unflowing time are controlled for the third time: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up, to vertex, its internal surface is started to carry out spray cooling for the third time, when gas cylinder internal surface temperature is lower than martensitic transformation starting point, and internal surface after stop-spraying temperature recovery to vertex during just not higher than martensite finish(ing) point Mf, internal surface spray cooling stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
The 4th time spray time is controlled: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up to vertex, again its internal surface is carried out to spray cooling the 4th time, until gas cylinder internal surface temperature vertex is cooled to tempering temperature.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105567916A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 扬州诚德钢管有限公司 | High-volume steel seamless gas cylinder heat treatment method |
| CN105586476A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-18 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength steel quenching technology optimizing method based on numerical simulation technique |
| CN105886715A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-08-24 | 标新科技（北京）有限公司 | Heat treatment method of liquefied petroleum gas steel bottle |
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| US4232853A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1980-11-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Steel stock cooling apparatus |
| CN101649384A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-17 | 管序荣 | Steel pipe water fog quenching device |
| CN102268517A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-12-07 | 大连海威热处理技术装备有限公司 | Air, air/water/frog, water spraying and water immersing combined and alternative quenching cooling system |
| CN102634733A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-15 | 北京工业大学 | Composite roll having uniform roll surface hardness and made of high-speed steel containing boron and method for manufacturing composite roll |
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2014
- 2014-06-26 CN CN201410291712.3A patent/CN104046762B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4232853A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1980-11-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Steel stock cooling apparatus |
| CN101649384A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-17 | 管序荣 | Steel pipe water fog quenching device |
| CN102268517A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-12-07 | 大连海威热处理技术装备有限公司 | Air, air/water/frog, water spraying and water immersing combined and alternative quenching cooling system |
| CN102634733A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-15 | 北京工业大学 | Composite roll having uniform roll surface hardness and made of high-speed steel containing boron and method for manufacturing composite roll |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105886715A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-08-24 | 标新科技（北京）有限公司 | Heat treatment method of liquefied petroleum gas steel bottle |
| CN105586476A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-18 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength steel quenching technology optimizing method based on numerical simulation technique |
| CN105586476B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-01-30 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength steel quenching technical optimization method based on numerical simulation technology |
| CN105567916A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 扬州诚德钢管有限公司 | High-volume steel seamless gas cylinder heat treatment method |
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