CN104046762B - A kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder - Google Patents
A kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104046762B CN104046762B CN201410291712.3A CN201410291712A CN104046762B CN 104046762 B CN104046762 B CN 104046762B CN 201410291712 A CN201410291712 A CN 201410291712A CN 104046762 B CN104046762 B CN 104046762B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder.Utilize numerical simulation technology, ensureing that major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue and inner chamber can under the prerequisite of abundant pressure release, according to the temperature variation of pressure cylinder body characteristic node and the distribution situation of tissue, propose and adopt intermittent spraying, outside surface to adopt the quenching and cooling method of continuous water spray to gas cylinder internal surface while gas cylinder rotates.Gas cylinder rotates the homogeneity can improving the cooling of gas cylinder body; Gas cylinder internal surface adopts spray cooling can reduce the body surfaces externally and internally temperature difference, thus reduces its quenching stress, improves its hardening capacity, and reduces body distortion; The stop-spraying process of internal surface is conducive to the abundant release of gas cylinder inner chamber water vapour.Utilize the present invention that major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder can be made to obtain good tissue distribution, less distortion and unrelieved stress after quenching, thus improve its quenching quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat treating method of pressure cylinder, particularly a kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, belongs to technical field of heat treatment.
Background technology
Along with the widespread use of Sweet natural gas, the demand for the major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder of splendid attire and transport of compressed natural is increasing year by year.Because the long term operation of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder is in the fatigue environment of loading and unloading, bear very large pulsating stress, stress-strain is complicated, presents high stress level.The formulation of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder quenching technology is of paramount importance link in pressure cylinder thermal treatment process, plays key effect to its final quality and use properties.Feature that major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder has that quality is large, bottle is long, diameter is large and bottleneck size is relatively little etc., its thermal treatment process is often very complicated.Traditional gas cylinder quenching technology is directly quenched in groove by gas cylinder; its martensitic transformation amount is low; bottle can not through hardening completely; surfaces externally and internally cooling can not be carried out simultaneously; often can cause that Hardness Distribution is uneven, unrelieved stress is excessive, bottle easily the problems such as moderate finite deformation occurs, the quenching that therefore in traditional slot, quenching technology is only applicable to the minor diameter pressure cylinder of small volume is produced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, enable gas cylinder obtain good tissue distribution, less distortion and unrelieved stress after quenching, improve gas cylinder quality.
Design of the present invention is such: gas cylinder is heated above austenitic temperature Ac330-50 DEG C from process furnace, and after being fully incubated, by traveling crane on quenching stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle stretches into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts to rotate, and gas cylinder starts to carry out internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quench cooled.Because major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder bottleneck diameter to differ comparatively large with body size, for ensureing that gas cylinder inner chamber can fully pressure release in spray process, keep internal pressure to stablize, internal surface need repeatedly be sprayed and the process of stop-spraying.The arrangement of time of internal surface spraying and stop-spraying is by numerical simulation technology, by setting up the mathematical model of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder quenching process, grid model, material therefor data and rationally arrange analog parameter, calculate gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray process simulation.Ensureing that gas cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue and inner chamber can under the prerequisite of abundant pressure release, according to the temperature variations of bottle characteristic node in analog result and the transformation situation of tissue, through many experiments analysis, establish final internal surface spray time and unflowing time, establish its final quenching technology.
Concrete, the quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Gas cylinder is heated above austenitic temperature Ac330-50 DEG C and fully after insulation from process furnace, by traveling crane on quenching stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle is stretched into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts to rotate, to gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quench cooled, its internal surface spray process control method is as follows:
Spray time and unflowing time control for the first time: when quenching process starts, the mode that outside surface is sprayed water, internal surface is sprayed is adopted to cool to gas cylinder, to make gas cylinder exospheric temperature be down to below martensite point rapidly, after gas cylinder internal surface temperature is down to ferrite transformation starting point, internal surface spraying stops;
Second time spray time and unflowing time control: when the gas cylinder internal surface temperature internal surface to vertex that gos up starts to carry out second time spray cooling, internal surface spray cooling stopping after internal surface temperature reaches ferrite transformation finish point; Its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
Third time spray time and unflowing time control: start to carry out third time spray cooling to its internal surface, when gas cylinder internal surface temperature is initial lower than martensitic transformation to vertex when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up
point, and internal surface temperature recovery after stop-spraying is lucky not higher than martensite finish to vertex
pointtime, internal surface spray cooling stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
4th time spray time controls: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up to vertex, again carry out the 4th spray cooling, till gas cylinder internal surface temperature vertex is cooled to tempering temperature to its internal surface.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is: the present invention is on the basis of numerical simulation, major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder is adopted to the mode of stand quenching, to the quenching technology adopting gas cylinder inner surface radial direction intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray, intermittent spraying can regulate the temperature distribution of body in gas cylinder quenching process, reduces thermal stresses; The stop-spraying process adjusting heat release of gas cylinder internal surface, is conducive to the growing amount controlling gas cylinder internal water vapour, realizes the control of gas cylinder internal maximum gas pressure; Radial spraying can make internal surface uniform hardening, realizes hardness and is uniformly distributed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is embodiment of the present invention model meshes Division and feature Node distribution figure.
Accompanying drawing 2 is each characteristic node temperature of embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder variation diagrams in time.
Accompanying drawing 3 is each characteristic node axial stress of embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder variation diagrams in time.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that the rear each stress of bottle of embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder quenching is along wall thickness directional spreding curve.
Accompanying drawing 5 is that the rear body of embodiment of the present invention gas cylinder quenching is along wall thickness direction Tissue distribution profiles figure.
Embodiment
The following examples are for illustration of the present invention.
Embodiment gas cylinder length is 6000mm, wall thickness is 38mm, external diameter is 914mm, bottleneck external diameter is 270mm, and material is 30CrMo steel.Gas cylinder is heated to 900 DEG C from process furnace, after insulation 45min, by traveling crane on quenching stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle stretches into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts to rotate, gas cylinder starts to carry out internal surface intermittent spraying, the quenching of outside surface continuous water spray, to ensure that gas cylinder inner chamber can fully pressure release in spray process, keeps internal pressure stable.Concrete grammar is as follows:
Set up mathematical model and the gas cylinder grid model (its grid model as shown in Figure 1) of gas cylinder quenching process.Obtain mechanical property parameters and the thermal physical property parameter of 30CrMo steel and rationally analog parameter is set, gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray process simulation is calculated.Ensure that gas cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue and inner chamber can under the prerequisite of abundant pressure release, according to the temperature variations of bottle characteristic node in analog result and the transformation situation of tissue, repeatedly model analysis, establishes final internal surface spray time and unflowing time.The foundation that the intermittent spraying time establishes is as follows:
Spray time and unflowing time control for the first time: when quenching process starts, and adopt the mode of outside surface water spray internal surface spraying to cool, be down to below martensite point rapidly to make gas cylinder exospheric temperature to gas cylinder; After gas cylinder internal layer temperature is down to ferrite transformation starting point, internal surface spray cooling process stops, and its unflowing time continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex.
Second time spray time and unflowing time control: start to carry out second time spray cooling to its internal surface to vertex when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up; After internal surface temperature reaches ferrite transformation finish point, internal surface spray cooling process stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex.
Third time spray time and unflowing time control: start to carry out third time spray cooling to its internal surface to vertex when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up; When gas cylinder internal surface temperature is lower than martensitic transformation starting point, and internal surface after stop-spraying temperature recovery to vertex just not higher than martensite finish(ing) point Mf time, internal surface spray cooling process stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex.
4th spray time controls: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up again to start to carry out the 4th spray cooling to its internal surface to vertex, until by till in gas cylinder, thermal self-restraint stress is cooled to tempering temperature.
By each characteristic node temperature of gas cylinder after the quenching of above-mentioned technique, curve is as shown in Figure 2 over time, change curve is as shown in Figure 3 in time for each characteristic node axial stress, after quenching, bottle stress along wall thickness directional spreding curve as shown in Figure 4, and after quenching, martensitic stucture distribution as shown in Figure 5.From analog result, after the quenching of inner surface radial direction intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray quenching technology pressed by gas cylinder, axial stress peak value is all in the safety range of material, and after quenching, unrelieved stress is less, and bottle distortion is less, the complete through hardening of bottle.
After major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder adopts the quenching technology quenching of the interior immersion of the groove being widely used in middle small gas cylinder, the microstructure and mechanical property of gas cylinder can not meet service requirements, little to the research of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder quenching technology.The present invention is on the basis of numerical simulation, major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder is adopted to the mode of stand quenching, provide a kind of quenching method of internal surface intermittent spraying outside surface continuous water spray of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, after quenching, gas cylinder can obtain satisfied tissue distribution and to realizing control to unrelieved stress.
Claims (1)
1. a quenching method for major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder, is characterized in that: gas cylinder is heated above austenitic temperature A from process furnace
c330-50 DEG C and fully after insulation, by traveling crane on quenching stand roller-way, inner spraying nozzle is stretched into gas cylinder internal, swiveling wheel starts to rotate, after the air cooling precooling of experience 60s, start gas cylinder internal surface intermittent spraying, outside surface continuous water spray quench cooled, its internal surface spray process control method is as follows:
Spray time and unflowing time control for the first time: when quenching process starts, the mode that outside surface is sprayed water, internal surface is sprayed is adopted to cool to gas cylinder, to make gas cylinder exospheric temperature be down to below martensite point rapidly, after gas cylinder internal surface temperature is down to ferrite transformation starting point, internal surface spraying stops;
Second time spray time and unflowing time control: when the gas cylinder internal surface temperature internal surface to vertex that gos up starts to carry out second time spray cooling, internal surface spray cooling stopping after internal surface temperature reaches ferrite transformation finish point; Its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
Third time spray time and unflowing time control: start to carry out third time spray cooling to its internal surface to vertex when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up, when gas cylinder internal surface temperature is lower than martensitic transformation starting point, and internal surface after stop-spraying temperature recovery to vertex just not higher than martensite finish(ing) point Mf time, internal surface spray cooling stops, and its unflowing time again continues to internal surface temperature and gos up to vertex;
4th time spray time controls: when gas cylinder internal surface temperature gos up to vertex, again carry out the 4th spray cooling, till gas cylinder internal surface temperature vertex is cooled to tempering temperature to its internal surface.
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| CN201410291712.3A CN104046762B (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2014-06-26 | A kind of quenching method of major-diameter thick-wall pressure cylinder |
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| CN104046762B true CN104046762B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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| CN105886715A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-08-24 | 标新科技（北京）有限公司 | Heat treatment method of liquefied petroleum gas steel bottle |
| CN105586476B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-01-30 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength steel quenching technical optimization method based on numerical simulation technology |
| CN105567916B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-05-29 | 扬州诚德钢管有限公司 | A kind of big volume seamless steel gas cylinder heat treatment method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4232853A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1980-11-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Steel stock cooling apparatus |
| CN101649384A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-17 | 管序荣 | Steel pipe water fog quenching device |
| CN102268517A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-12-07 | 大连海威热处理技术装备有限公司 | Air, air/water/frog, water spraying and water immersing combined and alternative quenching cooling system |
| CN102634733A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-15 | 北京工业大学 | Composite roll having uniform roll surface hardness and made of high-speed steel containing boron and method for manufacturing composite roll |
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2014
- 2014-06-26 CN CN201410291712.3A patent/CN104046762B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4232853A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1980-11-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Steel stock cooling apparatus |
| CN101649384A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-17 | 管序荣 | Steel pipe water fog quenching device |
| CN102268517A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-12-07 | 大连海威热处理技术装备有限公司 | Air, air/water/frog, water spraying and water immersing combined and alternative quenching cooling system |
| CN102634733A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-15 | 北京工业大学 | Composite roll having uniform roll surface hardness and made of high-speed steel containing boron and method for manufacturing composite roll |
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