CN104010354B

CN104010354B - Sensor, telemeter and wireless sensor system and its application method

Info

Publication number: CN104010354B
Application number: CN201310401624.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑启洪; 李泽晨
Original assignee: See Mdt Infotech Ltd In Shanghai
Current assignee: SECH Intelligent Equipment (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2013-09-05
Filing date: 2013-09-05
Publication date: 2018-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-05
Also published as: CN104010354A

Abstract

The present invention relates to sensing system, discloses a kind of sensor, telemeter and wireless sensor system and its application method.The wireless sensor system of the present invention includes telemeter and at least one sensor, the sensor and telemeter switch between digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern, wherein digital communication mode is used to find and activate sensor of interest according to destination address coding with whether preset address coding matches, the analog sensed signal that analog sensed pattern is used for transmission sensor of interest is measured with extracting sensitivity to be measured, remaining sensor is in holding state without reflection sense signal, piece choosing is carried out to sensor using only geocoding, the conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area can fundamentally be avoided, and provide larger address capability using limited code length, the reliable capacity sensor and measurement accuracy and speed improved in frequency range, reduce power consumption, expand communication range, sensor is set to can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.

Description

Sensor, telemeter and wireless sensor system and its application method

Technical field

The present invention relates to sensing system, more particularly to sensor, telemeter and wireless sensor system and its user Method.

Background technology

Multiple wireless sensers coexisted in the comunication area are numbered and give differentiation in monitoring process can be uniformly It is called sensor multiple access technology, it has also become one of core of wireless sensor network technology.Take this, can be by surveyed each sensitive amount Get up with the sensors association of particular number, to determine the processing mode of sensitivity amount, calibration factor, physical location and to be surveyed Object etc., and it is especially advantageous for system operation condition monitoring and maintenance.Especially to wireless sourceless sensor, how in no outside Multiple access function is merged under condition of power supply, is the technological challenge that must cope with.

The prior art has a variety of passive wireless sensors with RFID tag.Chinese patent It is in parallel on surface acoustic wave wireless sensor that No.CN200920108024.3 and No.CN200910084149.1 discloses one kind The technology of multiple delaying type reflecting gratings.Reflecting grating in the technology can form multiple with passing in the time domain of sensor launches signal Sensor numbers corresponding peak value.The binary logical values of this are judged with the presence or absence of reflection peak according to particular moment, so as to Form multidigit geocoding.The limitation of the technology is, as long as first, sensor is in telemetering equipment communication, regardless of whether Need to be accessed, it is respectively formed the reflected signal comprising geocoding and sensitive amount, so as to be formed to other similar sensings in area The conflict of device, and can not determine address and sensitive amount.Second, geocoding need realized in lithographic process, cost it is higher and It can not rewrite.For foregoing first limitation, to avoid multisensor conflict, frequency division multiple access or time division multiple acess are may be used in combination, But cause system complexity to improve, while reduce the value of geocoding.Or such as United States Patent (USP) No.US7952482B2 and Alien frequencies Orthogonal injection grid are used in No.US2011/0285510A1 instead, so as to form orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal OFC-PN coded addresses Sequence, but it still suffers from obvious use and limits, i.e., it is necessary to the reflected signal clock of all the sensors when multiple sensors coexist Stringent synchronization, otherwise will appear from reflection peak dislocation and overlaps, greatly reduce the acutance of the auto-correlation function peak value of geocoding Cause to misread, and sensitive information can not normal extraction.And PN codes hold to ensure that auto-correlation function acutance sacrifices part code Amount, so the code word of finite length cannot be made full use of.

Sensor array is integrated into RFID modulators by the device in Chinese patent No.CN200780009331.X.It will Each sensor is connected with independent logic gates, forms easy analog to digital signal converter.The two of these logic gates into State processed changes and inverts with connected sensor states, forms digital pulse sequence in order, and encoded to distant as measurement Device reflection is surveyed, reflected signal is pure digi-tal communication code signal.Telemetering equipment encodes according to measurement after receiving and solves each sensing Device state.Device limitation is that first, only at default sensitive amount threshold value open/close state reversion occurs for each sensor, for up to Fine measurement purpose, needs multiple similar sensors in parallel and sets different sensitive amount threshold values, improve complexity and cost；Secondly, Logic gates needs to obtain direct current supply from RFID power restorers, and with the raising of monitoring resolution ratio and sensitive amount number And power needed for increasing, can monitoring distance so as to reduce；In addition, measurement is encoded with geocoding in the lump in the device reflected signal Reflection, when multiple type sensors coexist, does not provide and keeps away contention mechanism, therefore the device is simply possible to use in telemetry communication area The sensor of individualism, and each sensor can not be uniquely accessed in area and when depositing multiple sensors.

Chinese patent No.CN201180032851.9 discloses a kind of method.This method integrates numeral RFID and simulation Sensor reader, reduces cost and complexity.Wherein RFID reader reads address, simulated impedance observation circuit measurement sensing Resistance, inductance or capacitance at device antenna.This method can obtain sensing respectively in identical or different frequency, identical or different time Device address and sensitive amount reflected signal.But this method has following limitation.First, when simulated impedance observation circuit works, Multiple sensors co-existed in same communication area while reflect simulated impedance signal, inevitably formed it is interfering with each other, Impenetrably location coding is distinguished.Secondly, real part resistance and the imaginary part reactance of monitoring reflected signal impedance, such survey are only capable of Wavelength period of the amount in by wireless signal transmission paths is influenced to cause the phase of surveyed complex impedance not know, limit monitor away from From, precision and sensitive amount quantity, therefore it is only applicable to sensor and near-field coupling application that telemetering equipment relative position is fixed, and It is not to be adapted to medium and long distance remote measurement, and cannot external more than three sensors.

The content of the invention

, can it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of sensor, telemeter and wireless sensor system and its application method The conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area is fundamentally avoided, reliably improves the capacity sensor in frequency range and measurement Precision and speed, moreover, reducing power consumption, expand communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.

In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention disclose a kind of sensor, including：

RFID tag, under digital communication mode, digital communication is carried out with telemeter, and according to from telemeter The digital communication signal of reception, judges whether preset address coding matches with the destination address coding of telemeter, if mismatching, Digital communication mode is maintained, if matching, sensor is sensor of interest, and the RFID tag of sensor of interest turns on first Switch is so that sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern, under analog sensed pattern, the RFID tag of sensor of interest First switch is turned off after analog sensed module has reflected analog sensed signal so that sensor of interest is switched back into digital communication mould Formula；

First switch, the analogue communication on or off analog sensed module and telemeter；And

Analog sensed module, under analog sensed pattern, reflecting analog sensed signal to telemeter.

Embodiments of the present invention also disclose a kind of telemeter, including：

Second switch, for selecting analog transceiver link or radio frequency identification front end to communicate with sensor；

Radio frequency identification front end；

Analog transceiver link, under analog sensed pattern, with radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor and from target Sensor receives analog sensed signal and the analog sensed signal is sent to controller；And

Controller, under digital communication mode, control second switch to be thrown to radio frequency identification front end, and controls radio frequency to know Other front end is encoded with whether the preset address of sensor coding matches according to destination address to find sensor of interest, is finding mesh After marking sensor, controller control second switch is thrown to analog transceiver link so that telemeter enters analog sensed pattern, in mould Intend under sensing modes, after the analog sensed signal of sensor of interest is received, control second switch is thrown to radio frequency to be known controller Other front end is so that telemeter switches back into digital communication mode.

Embodiments of the present invention also disclose a kind of wireless sensor system, including such as telemeter above and at least one A such as sensor above.

Embodiments of the present invention also disclose a kind of application method of sensor, sensor include RFID tag, First switch and analog sensed module, first switch are used for the analogue communication of on or off analog sensed module and telemeter； Application method comprises the following steps：

Under digital communication mode, RFID tag carries out digital communication with telemeter, and is received according to from telemeter Digital communication signal, judge whether preset address coding matches with the destination address of telemeter coding, if mismatching, maintenance number Word communication pattern, if matching, sensor are sensor of interest, the RFID tag conducting first switch of sensor of interest so that Sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern；

Under analog sensed pattern, analog sensed module reflects analog sensed signal to telemeter, and RFID tag exists The analog sensed module turns off first switch so that sensor of interest is switched back into digital communication mould after having reflected analog sensed signal Formula.

Embodiments of the present invention also disclose a kind of application method of telemeter, and telemeter includes second switch, radio frequency Identify front end, simulation receives link and controller, second switch is used to select analog transceiver link or radio frequency identification front end with passing Sensor communicates；Application method comprises the following steps：

Controller control second switch is thrown to radio frequency identification front end so that telemeter enters digital communication mode；

Whether controller controls radio frequency identification front end to be encoded according to destination address and is matched with the preset address of sensor coding To find sensor of interest, and after sensor of interest is found, controller control second switch throw to analog transceiver link so that Telemeter enters analog sensed pattern；

Analog transceiver link radio frequency electromagnetic irradiation sensor, and receive analog sensed signal from sensor of interest and incite somebody to action The analog sensed signal is sent to controller；

Controller after the analog sensed signal of sensor of interest is received, throw to radio frequency identification front end by control second switch So that telemeter switches back into digital communication mode, and radio frequency identification front end is controlled to find next sensor of interest.

Compared with prior art, the main distinction and its effect are embodiment of the present invention：

The wireless sensor system of the present invention includes telemeter and at least one sensor, and the sensor and telemeter exist Switch between digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern, wherein digital communication mode is used for according to destination address coding with preset Whether location coding is matched to find and activate sensor of interest, and analog sensed pattern is used for transmission the analog sensed of sensor of interest Signal is to extract sensitive amount to be measured, remaining sensor is in holding state without reflection sense signal, using only geocoding pair Sensor carries out piece choosing, you can fundamentally avoids the conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area, telemeter can be with each sensing Device communicates one by one, and provides larger address capability using limited code length, reliably improves the capacity sensor in frequency range And measurement accuracy and speed, moreover, using analog signal extract it is to be measured it is sensitive measure, avoid using complicated energy consumption digitlization and Corresponding framer circuit, reduces power consumption, expands communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.

Further, the direct piece of telemeter selects sensor of interest, if sensor itself preset address coding and destination address Coding is different, then the sensor maintains digital communication mode and keeps silent, if identical, which is switched to analog sensed Pattern and reflection sense signal, in this way, helping to reduce the time of traversal all the sensors, improve telemetry frequency.

Further, each sensor also can actively send itself preset address coding and not receive analog sensed instruction Under, preset address coding is sent after random delay again, whether telemeter contains conflict according to geocoding or whether match certainly Plan send digital communication instruction or analog sensed instruction, each sensor according to whether receive analog sensed instruction and each whether Recently geocoding is sent to decide whether switching working mode；In sensor scale is smaller, by reasonable delay algorithm simultaneously By the fully long time, telemeter can travel through each sensor in its comunication area one by one, can reduce the complexity of sensor circuit And reduce the interference of telemeter average emitted power and neighbouring telemeter.

Further, by configuring radio frequency rectifier, energy storing members and RF passive probe in the sensor respectively from electromagnetism Take and electricity and detected in irradiation so that sensor is not required to direct current supply, avoid using complicated energy consumption digitlization and accordingly into Frame circuit, without dormancy and wake-up, non-active operation, greatly reduces power consumption on the whole, expands communication range, makes sensor Available for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.

Further, larger address capability can be provided by limited code length, and each geocoding can be classified with further Each analog sensed module in sensor is traveled through, so as to specifying analog sensed module individually to enable.

Further, by sensor emission radiofrequency signal and receive reflected signal come extract it is to be measured it is sensitive measure, avoid Digitlization and corresponding framer circuit of the sensor using complicated energy consumption, without dormancy and wake-up, non-active operation on the whole, significantly Power consumption is reduced, expands communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle distance measuring.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of sensor in first embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 2 is a kind of structure diagram of sensor in second embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram of sensor in second embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 4 is a kind of structure diagram of telemeter in third embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 5 is a kind of structure diagram of telemeter in four embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 6 is a kind of structure diagram of telemeter in four embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 7 is a kind of structure diagram of wireless sensor system in fifth embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 8 is a kind of knot of the multi-address passive wireless sensor system with chip select functionality in fifth embodiment of the invention Structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 9 is a kind of flow chart of the application method of sensor in sixth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 10 is a kind of flow chart of the application method of telemeter in eighth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 11 is the signaling time-sequence that a kind of direct piece of wireless sensing system selects application method in tenth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 12 is a kind of signaling time-sequence of wireless sensing system active reporting application method in tenth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 13 is aerial interface data transmission during piece choosing method direct using Figure 11 in the tenth embodiment according to the present invention Sequential；

Figure 14 is that sensor DC power becomes during piece choosing method direct using Figure 11 in the tenth embodiment according to the present invention Change.

Embodiment

In the following description, many ins and outs are proposed in order to make reader more fully understand the application.But this Even if the those of ordinary skill in field is appreciated that without these ins and outs and many variations based on following embodiment And modification, it can also realize each claim of the application technical solution claimed.

To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with implementation of the attached drawing to the present invention Mode is described in further detail.

First embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of sensor, and Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of sensor.On as shown in Figure 1, Stating sensor includes RFID tag, first switch and analog sensed module, wherein：

RFID tag is used under digital communication mode, and digital communication is carried out with telemeter, and according to from telemeter The digital communication signal of reception, judges whether preset address coding matches with the destination address coding of telemeter, if mismatching, Digital communication mode is maintained, if matching, sensor is sensor of interest, and the RFID tag of sensor of interest turns on first Switch is so that sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern, under analog sensed pattern, the RFID tag of sensor of interest First switch is turned off after analog sensed module has reflected analog sensed signal so that sensor of interest is switched back into digital communication mould Formula.

It is appreciated that above-mentioned RFID tag might not turn off above-mentioned first once having reflected in analog sensed signal Switch, can also turn off above-mentioned first switch, which is more than simulation after the scheduled time of analog sensed pattern is entered The transmission time of transducing signal.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that above-mentioned digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern can be operated in identical frequency or difference Frequency, exemplary operation bandwidth are 1MHz to 20MHz.

Above-mentioned RFID tag preset address coding, it is local compared with being encoded with the destination address that telemeter is selected When location matches, sensor is selected and switches to analog sensed pattern carries the sensitive analog answer signal for measuring information to reflect； When sensor is in the telemeter comunication area but is not selected, analog answer signal is not reflected in standby state of intercepting, no The normal communication and remote measurement of the selected sensor of interference.

First switch is used for the analogue communication of on or off analog sensed module and telemeter.The first switch is in numeral Communication pattern switches when being changed to analog sensed pattern.

Analog sensed module is used under analog sensed pattern, reflects analog sensed signal to telemeter.

The sensor time-division between digital communication and analog sensed pattern switches, and wherein digital communication mode is used to determine Chip select address simultaneously activates the selected sensor of institute, and analog sensed pattern is used to measure the reflection analog signal of analog sensed module and carries Take sensitive amount to be measured.

For the application suitable for different scales, it is proposed that two kinds of different addressing control machines for the sensor System.Mechanism is selected using direct piece in large-scale application, and sensor active reporting mechanism is used in minisystem.Specifically Say on ground：

The sensor can be selected using direct piece, and RFID tag is used under digital communication mode, from telemeter Destination address coding is received, and judges whether destination address coding matches with preset address coding, if mismatching, maintains numeral Communication pattern, otherwise sensor is sensor of interest, and the RFID tag of the sensor of interest sends answer signal to remote measurement Device, and first switch is turned on so that sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern.

The direct piece of telemeter selects sensor of interest, and into its comunication area, all the sensors are sent with destination address coding Piece choosing instruction, sensor ratio is encoded compared with itself preset address coding with the destination address in the command content, if sensor itself Preset address coding is different from destination address coding, then the sensor maintains digital communication mode, keeps standby and intercepts state, if It is identical, then the sensor response telemeter and analog sensed pattern is switched to, while also to trigger telemeter logical from numeral for the response Letter pattern is changed to analog sensed pattern, in this way, helping to reduce the time of traversal all the sensors, improves telemetry frequency.

Alternatively, the sensor can also use active reporting, and RFID tag is used under digital communication mode, Digital communication instruction is received from telemeter, and then actively sends preset address coding to telemeter, telemeter judges whether to look for To with the preset address of destination address codes match coding, if not there is matching, after random delay, RFID tag again to Telemeter sends preset address and encodes and judge whether telemeter sends analog sensed instruction, if there is matching, telemeter sends mould Intend sensing instruction, while RFID tag judges whether to send out in the pre-determined threshold duration before receiving analog sensed instruction Preset address coding is passed through, if so, then sensor is sensor of interest, the RFID tag of the sensor of interest turns on first Switch so that sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern, otherwise sensor maintains digital communication mode.

Telemeter sends global operating mode instruction, including digital communication instruction or analog sensed instruction, each sensor into After entering the telemeter comunication area, itself preset address coding is each actively sent and in the case where not receiving analog sensed instruction, with each After being independently arranged random delay from the basis of previous delivery time, preset address coding is sent again, and telemeter is compiled according to address Code whether the global operating mode instruction of conflict decision modification, i.e., send analog sensed and refer to from sending digital communication instruction and be switched to Order, each sensor is according to whether receiving analog sensed instruction and each whether sending geocoding recently to decide whether to switch Itself operating mode.In sensor scale is smaller, by reasonable delay algorithm and by the fully long time, telemeter can be by One travels through each sensor in its comunication area, can reduce the complexity of sensor chip select circuit and reduce telemeter average emitted work( The interference of rate and neighbouring telemeter.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that in the other embodiment of the present invention, other communication modes are can also use to be sought Location controls.

As optional embodiment, sensor has multiple analog sensed modules, and first switch is multithrow switch, for selecting Select the analog sensed module with telemeter analogue communication.Furthermore, it is to be understood that in the other embodiment of the present invention, it is above-mentioned First switch can also be the single-throw switch of multiple interconnections.

When sensor has multiple analog sensed modules, the preset multilevel address coding of RFID tag is corresponding respectively to pass Sensor and its analog sensed module, after destination address codes match of the preset address coding with telemeter is confirmed, radio frequency identification Label is selected, and is thrown according to secondary address coding-control first switch to selected analog sensed module so that target senses Device enters analog sensed pattern.In general, preset address coding has a length of 8 to 256 of exemplary code.

Multiple analog sensed modules on same sensor independently can gradually be monitored by multilevel address coding, that is, pass through ground Location coding middle part demal section chooses particular sensor, and allows other sensors to be in standby and intercept state, then compiled by address In code remaining code segment addressing this choose some on sensor to pop one's head in.

Larger address capability can be provided by limited code length, and each geocoding can be classified further to travel through sensor In each analog sensed module, so as to specify analog sensed module individually enable.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that the present invention other embodiment in, can also be used code division, time-division or frequency division etc. other Various combinations realize one or more telemeters to being monitored while sensor in each comunication area and preventing from conflicting.Specifically Say, multiple modules that analog sensed module array includes further can realize multiple access with frequency division or time division way, will pass through Belong to sensor address coding and monitor multiple modules at the same time；Or multiple sensors can be also divided into some groups, every group using identical Geocoding simultaneously can together be chosen while is monitored, and each sensor uses different frequency or different time-gap with erosion control in group It is prominent, i.e., conflict in group is avoided by frequency division multiple access or time division multiple access protocol, and then only encoded between different groups by different address It can exempt to conflict, to further improve system response time and capacity.

In this way, multiple sensors can coexist in the comunication area of a telemeter at the same time, each sensor by geocoding or Working frequency or working time slot are with anti-collision.In addition, it may further comprise multiple telemeters, by select interval comunication area scope or Working frequency or working time slot are with anti-collision.

The sensor of present embodiment includes RFID tag, first switch and analog sensed module, wherein, radio frequency is known Distinguishing label judges that preset address coding and the destination address coding of telemeter are according to the digital communication signal received from telemeter No matching, the analogue communication of analog sensed module and telemeter is controlled with or off first switch, so that above-mentioned biography Sensor switches between digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern, and piece choosing is carried out to sensor using only geocoding, you can The conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area is fundamentally avoided, telemeter can communicate one by one with each sensor, and can Larger address capability is provided using limited code length, reliably improves the capacity sensor and measurement accuracy and speed in frequency range, Moreover, extracting sensitive amount to be measured using analog signal, the digitlization using complicated energy consumption and corresponding framer circuit are avoided, is reduced Power consumption, expands communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.

Second embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of sensor, and Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the sensor.Second embodiment party Formula is improved on the basis of first embodiment, is mainly theed improvement is that：It is whole by configuring radio frequency in the sensor Stream device, energy storing members and RF passive probe take electricity and are detected from electromagnetic irradiation respectively so that sensor is not required to direct current confession Electricity, avoids the digitlization using complicated energy consumption and corresponding framer circuit, without dormancy and wake-up, non-active operation on the whole, greatly Power consumption is reduced greatly, expands communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.Specifically：

As shown in Fig. 2, the sensor further includes radio frequency rectifier and energy storing members.

The radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation that radio frequency rectifier is used to receive from telemeter is converted to DC current with to energy storing members Charging.

Energy storing members are used to power to RFID tag and first switch.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that radio frequency rectifier, RFID tag and first switch integration packaging are to form Multiport chip.It will be appreciated, of course, that in the other embodiment of the present invention, radio frequency rectifier, RFID tag and the One switch can also individually be encapsulated as discrete component.

As optional embodiment, analog sensed module is RF passive probe, under analog sensed pattern, from distant Survey device and receive radiofrequency signal, and reflected signal is sent to telemeter.Under the analog sensed pattern, telemeter radio frequency continuous wave Encouraged in sensor EMR electromagnetic resonance or transmission in RF passive probe, and monitor above-mentioned probe radio frequency reflection signal characteristic or The arithmetic value of multiple signal characteristics is measured with solving corresponding sensitivity to be measured.

Above-mentioned RFID tag turns off first switch so that target to be passed after RF passive probe has sent reflected signal Sensor switches back into digital communication mode.

Preferably, RF passive probe be oscillator or transmission line type analog radio frequency passive probe, and RF passive is popped one's head in battle array Row include one or more oscillator or transmission line type analog radio frequency passive probes of parallel connection, are penetrated according to the modulation of its environment sensitive amount Frequency signal, without direct current supply.It is appreciated that RF passive probe can be used for measurement temperature, pressure, humidity or vibration etc. quick Sensibility reciprocal, alternatively, above-mentioned RF passive linear transducer array contain at least two RF passives probe and are used to distinguish measurement temperature, pressure By force, the sensitive amount such as humidity or vibration, reflected signal characteristic may include signal amplitude, frequency, phase, power, delay etc..

Furthermore, it is to be understood that in the other embodiment of the present invention, other direct currents or friendship can also be used in the sensor Power supply circuit is flowed, analog sensed module can also be used the analog sensed device that need to be powered, have no effect on technical scheme Realization.

The better embodiment of the present invention is formed after each improvement combination above, but respectively improves and can also use respectively.

As the preferable example of the present invention, multi-address passive as shown in Figure 3 is wireless numerical model analysis sensor construction Including：Integrated small size antenna 301, radio frequency rectifier 302, energy storing members 303, power distributing network 304, passive radio frequency sensing device Linear transducer array 306（Equivalent to analog sensed module）And radio frequency CDMA chip select circuit 308.Radio frequency CDMA piece choosing electricity Road 308 is by RFID tag 305 and digital-to-analog mode selector switch（That is first switch）307 compositions, the radio frequency identification Label 305 is encoded comprising preset address（ID）.

When implementing, antenna 301 be miniaturised integrated antenna, be in this example meander line idol loom, microband paste, inverted f or Slot antenna.Its radio frequency ground connection is connected with the ground potential of sensor, while is improved and fed by optional impedance matching network Efficiency.It is antenna integrated to be used for transmission or feedback communication and transducing signal, and for capturing the radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation from telemeter And to 308 wireless power of radio frequency CDMA chip select circuit.

Power distributing network 304 connects aerial signal tap, and microstrip line or metal jumper connection can be used, can be as needed To select the length of the microstrip line of power distributing network 304 or metal jumper and diameter or width.

Radio frequency CDMA chip select circuit 308 is by RFID tag 305 and digital-to-analog mode selector switch（I.e. First switch）307 compositions.The radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation captured by antenna 301 recovers direct current by radio frequency rectifier 302, and to storage Energy part 303 charges.Preferably, energy storing members 303 are capacitance or micro cell, reach rated operational voltage after charged, are known for radio frequency Distinguishing label 305 and numeral-simulation model switching switch 307 are powered, and keep power supply in the gap of radiofrequency signal shut-off.It is described to penetrate The preset address coding of frequency identification tag 305 has a length of 8 to 256 of exemplary code.Preferably, the radio frequency rectifier 302, number Word-simulation model switching switch 307 and RFID tag 305, which can be integrated in single integration packaging, forms multiport core Piece.It is appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention, radio frequency rectifier 302, digital-to-analog mode selector switch 307 and RFID tag 305 also can individually be encapsulated as discrete component.

In one embodiment, the RFID tag 305 parses the telemeter destination address that air interface obtains and compiles Code, by built-in acoustic convolver or comparator compared with the telemeter selected target geocoding received；When address matching, lead to Cross the reflected signal at built-in keyed amplitude modulation or frequency modulation device control antenna 301, and by digital-to-analog mode selector switch 307 Adjusted from open-circuit condition to passive radio frequency sensing device and pop one's head in and reflect analog sensed signal.If the sensor leads in telemeter Believe in area but selected activation when, intercept state in standby and keep digital-to-analog mode selector switch 307 as shape of opening a way State is without response telemeter.

In another embodiment, the RFID tag 305 actively sends preset address coding after the power is turned on；If pre- The instruction of telemeter pattern switching is received in fixed delay then controls digital-to-analog mode selector switch 307 to be adjusted from open circuit to passive Radio frequency sensor is popped one's head in.If not receiving switching command, one delay value of automated randomized generation, and enter standby state of intercepting and protect Digital-to-analog mode selector switch 307 is held as open-circuit condition and does not reply telemeter, when random delay is completed, again Attempt to send preset address coding.

Passive radio frequency sensing device linear transducer array 306 includes multiple passive RF probes for being used to measure sensitive amount in parallel. Each probe is according to the modulation of its environment sensitive amount or switched radio frequency signal, without direct current supply.The digital-to-analog pattern switching The single-throw switch of 307 or multiple interconnections is switched when the digital communication mode is changed to analog sensed pattern, by opening a way State is adjusted to select specific analog radio frequency passive probe to be connected to power distributing network 304.At this time, telemeter radio frequency continuous wave Captured by antenna 301, because the radio frequency rectifier 302 in analog sensed pattern and the input of RFID tag 305 are high resistant shape State, most of radiofrequency signal are sent to passive probe.The probe is oscillator or transmission line type passive radio frequency device, it uses quick The modulated radio signal that the change of sensibility reciprocal directly receives.Modulated radiofrequency signal is through delay or no-delay propagates back to antenna 301, and it is reflected towards telemeter.The probe is not required to direct current supply, avoids using analog to digital conversion and corresponding framer circuit, without not Sleep and wake up.

Preferably, the sensitive amount of the passive RF probe includes the environment parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, vibration.It is described The various features of modulated radio signal include amplitude, frequency, phase, power, delay etc..

Preferably, surface acoustic wave sensor, ferractor, bulk wave piezoelectric oscillator can be used in the passive RF probe Deng or its combination form.

Preferably, the sensor can also preset multiple addresses or multilevel address, respective sensor itself and institute's level respectively Multiple analog radio frequency passive probes of connection, so as to individually enabled to specifying probe.

It can realize that multiple passive sensors coexist and a variety of by integrated multiple access chip select functionality in passive wireless sensor Sensitivity measures independent remote measurement.

Also, the sensor non-active operation.Wherein it is used for the digital RF CDMA piece choosing electricity for determining selected state Road and multithrow switch for switching working mode recover work(by radio frequency rectifier and energy storing members from telemeter electromagnetic wave radiation Rate provides direct current supply.And analog radio frequency passive probe array includes multiple passive RFs for being used to measure sensitive amount in parallel and shakes Device or transmission line type probe are swung, it is measured direct modulated radio signal using sensitive, is not required to direct current supply, avoids being become using modulus Change, without dormancy and wake-up.Therefore sensor non-active operation on the whole.

Third embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of telemeter, and Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the telemeter.As shown in figure 4, The telemeter includes：

Second switch, for selecting analog transceiver link or radio frequency identification front end to communicate with sensor.

Radio frequency identification front end.

Analog transceiver link, under analog sensed pattern, with radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor and from target Sensor receives analog sensed signal and the analog sensed signal is sent to controller.It is appreciated that the present invention other In embodiment, which can not also use radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor, only be connect from sensor of interest Receive analog sensed signal.

It is appreciated that above-mentioned telemeter might not just switch back into digital communication immediately after analog sensed signal is received Pattern, can also switch back into digital communication mode, which is more than mould after the scheduled time of analog sensed pattern is entered Intend the transmission time of transducing signal.

Above-mentioned telemeter time-division between digital communication and analog sensed pattern switches, and wherein digital communication mode is used to determine Chip select address simultaneously activates the selected sensor of institute, and analog sensed pattern is used for the reflection simulation of the analog sensed module of measurement sensor Signal simultaneously extracts sensitive amount to be measured.

For the application suitable for different scales, corresponding to two kinds of sensor different addressing controlling mechanisms, telemeter Also mechanism correspondingly is selected using direct piece, or uses active reporting mechanism.

Direct piece is selected under mechanism, and the direct piece of telemeter selects sensor of interest, and into its comunication area, all the sensors send band Targetedly the piece choosing instruction of location coding, sensor ratio are compiled compared with itself preset address coding with the destination address in the command content Code, if sensor itself preset address coding is different from destination address coding, which maintains digital communication mode, that is, protects Hold it is standby intercept state, if identical, which is simultaneously switched to analog sensed pattern, while the response is also touched Hair telemeter is changed from digital communication mode to analog sensed pattern, in this way, help to reduce the time of traversal all the sensors, Improve telemetry frequency.

Specifically, controller is used under digital communication mode, and control radio frequency identification front end sends target to sensor Geocoding, and controlled after answer signal of the preset address coding with the sensor of interest of destination address codes match is received Second switch is thrown to analog transceiver link so that telemeter enters analog sensed pattern.

Radio frequency identification front end is used to receive answer signal from sensor of interest and the answer signal is sent to controller.

Under active reporting mechanism, telemeter sends global operating mode instruction, including digital communication instruction or analog sensed Instruction, after each sensor enters the telemeter comunication area, each actively sends itself preset address and encodes and do not receiving simulation Under sensing instruction, after being independently arranged random delay on the basis of respective previous delivery time, preset address coding is sent again, it is distant Surveying device, whether conflict decision changes global operating mode instruction according to geocoding, i.e., is switched to hair from transmission digital communication instruction Analog sensed is sent to instruct, each sensor is according to whether receiving analog sensed instruction and each whether sending geocoding recently Decide whether to switch itself operating mode.In sensor scale is smaller, by reasonable delay algorithm and by it is fully long when Between, telemeter can travel through each sensor in its comunication area one by one, can reduce the complexity of sensor chip select circuit and reduce distant Survey the interference of device average emitted power and neighbouring telemeter.

Specifically, controller is used under digital communication mode, and control radio frequency identification front end sends numeral to the comunication area Communication instruction, controller judge preset address coding that radio frequency identification front end received from sensor and destination address coding whether Match somebody with somebody, if mismatching, controller continues to control radio frequency identification front end to send digital communication instruction to the comunication area, and continues judgement and penetrate Whether the preset address coding of frequency identification front end receiver matches with destination address coding, if matching, controller control radio frequency is known Other front end sends analog sensed instruction to the comunication area, and controls second switch to throw to analog transceiver link so that telemeter enters mould Intend sensing modes.

Radio frequency identification front end is used to receive preset address coding from sensor.

The telemeter of present embodiment includes radio frequency identification front end, second switch, analog transceiver link and controller, its In, controller controls radio-frequency front-end to be encoded according to destination address with whether the preset address of sensor coding matches to find target Sensor, and throw second switch to analog transceiver link to carry out analogue communication with sensor of interest after finding, so that Above-mentioned telemeter switches between digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern, and piece is carried out to sensor using only geocoding Choosing, you can fundamentally avoid the conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area, telemeter can be led to one by one with each sensor Letter, and larger address capability is provided using limited code length, reliably improve the capacity sensor and measurement accuracy in frequency range With speed, moreover, extracting sensitive amount to be measured using analog signal, the digitlization using complicated energy consumption and corresponding framing electricity are avoided Road, reduces power consumption, expands communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle distance measuring.

Four embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of telemeter, and Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the telemeter.4th embodiment party Formula is improved on the basis of the 3rd embodiment, is mainly theed improvement is that：By to sensor emission radiofrequency signal And reflected signal is received to extract sensitive amount to be measured, digitlization and corresponding framer circuit of the sensor using complicated energy consumption are avoided, Without dormancy and wake-up, non-active operation, greatly reduces power consumption on the whole, expands communication range, can be used for sensor Near-field coupling and middle distance measuring.Specifically：

As shown in figure 5, above-mentioned analog transceiver link includes simulation receives link and analog transmissions link, second switch are also used Communicate in selection simulation receives link and analog transmissions link with sensor.

Simulate receives link to be used under analog sensed pattern, receive reflected signal from sensor of interest, and this is reflected Signal is sent to controller.

Controller is additionally operable under digital communication mode, and after sensor of interest is found, control second switch is thrown to simulation Launch link so that telemeter enters analog sensed pattern, under analog sensed pattern, controller controls the analog transmissions link Launch radiofrequency signal to sensor of interest, control second switch is thrown to simulation receives link, and is receiving sensor of interest After reflected signal, control second switch is thrown to radio frequency identification front end so that telemeter is switched back into digital communication mode.

Preferably, controller is additionally operable to control radio frequency identification front end to comunication area transmitting radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation with to sensor Charging.The radio frequency rectifier of sensor exports direct current from the irradiation electromagnetic wave rectification of the telemeter and charges for energy storing members, is passing RFID tag and first switch power supply are kept during sense device working pattern switching.

As the preferable example of the present invention, telemeter structure as shown in Figure 6 includes：High-gain aerial 611, number Word-analog channel switching switch（That is second switch）615th, digital RF code identification front end（ID TxR）612（That is radio frequency identification Front end）, analog radio-frequency signal transmitting link（SP Tx）613（That is analog transmissions link）And receives link（SP Rx）614（That is mould Intend receives link）, controller 616.The telemeter can the time-division switching between digital communication and analog sensed pattern.In digital communication Pattern, telemeter single-sensor according to needed for the ciphering activation of address.In analog sensed pattern, telemeter is swashed with radio frequency continuous wave Excited sensor, reflects analog signal Feature-solving sensitive amount to be measured by monitoring sensor.

During implementation, high-gain aerial 611 is completed the electromagnetic irradiation to comunication area inner sensor, is led to the signaling of each sensor Letter and the sensing remote measurement to choosing sensor.Digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 digital RF code identification front end 612, Analog radio-frequency signal transmitting link 613 and receives link switches between 614 termination, to be uniquely connected to high-gain aerial 611.

In digital communication mode, digital RF code identification front end 612 is the sensor first by electromagnetic irradiation 308 wireless power of radio frequency CDMA chip select circuit, and according to the instruction of controller 616, selected target sensor address coding. Preferably, digital RF code identification front end 612 sends destination address coding to the sensor, and waits respective sensor Response digital signal.Or preferably, digital RF code identification front end 612 is intercepted in the comunication area in air interface from sensor Geocoding broadcast, it is determined whether have a conflict, and whether be destination address coding, then send global schema's control instruction （Instructed including digital communication instruction or analog sensed）, with Lothrus apterus and destination address coding occur when drive sensor to enter Analog sensed pattern.In analog sensed pattern, digital RF code identification front end 612 is stopped.

When system enters analog sensed pattern, digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615, which is thrown to analog radio-frequency signal, launches Link 613.Analog radio-frequency signal launches link 613 under the instruction of controller 616, with default frequency, bandwidth and power irradiance Sensor.Preferably, analog radio-frequency signal transmitting link 613 is closed after the scheduled time, or keeps transmission state.Then number Word-analog channel switching switch 615 is thrown to analog radio-frequency signal receives link 614.The link intercepts the finger from air interface Determine the sensor reflected signal of frequency and bandwidth, time domain or frequency signal feature are extracted after digitlization, it is preferable that signal characteristic bag Include amplitude, frequency, phase, power, delay etc..Device 616 receives the data in order to control, and according to each signal characteristic or multiple signals The arithmetic value of feature is measured with solving corresponding sensitivity to be measured.Preferably, difference or time-domain and frequency-domain difference of signal characteristic etc. can be used Count value.

Fifth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of wireless sensor system, and Fig. 7 is the structure of the wireless sensor system Schematic diagram.The wireless sensor system includes the telemeter and at least one first or second described in the 3rd or the 4th embodiment Sensor described in embodiment.

Preferably, which further includes data center.

Telemeter is additionally operable to measure and corresponding destination address from the sensitive of the analog sensed signal extraction of sensor of interest Coding is sent to data center.

Data center is used to send power-on instruction to telemeter by data/address bus, and receives, stores and forward telemeter Sensitive amount and the destination address coding of transmission.

As the preference of the present invention, there is the wireless numerical model analysis sensing system of multi-address passive of chip select functionality Structure is as shown in Figure 8.The system includes numerical model analysis sensor and non-contacting telemeter.Sensor is by integrated small size antenna 301st, radio frequency rectifier 302, energy storing members 303, power distributing network 304, analog radio frequency passive probe array 306 and numeral are penetrated Frequency CDMA chip select circuit 308 forms.Telemeter includes high-gain aerial 611, digital-to-analog channel switching switch（I.e. Two switches）615th, digital RF code identification front end 612, analog radio-frequency signal transceiver 613,614, controller 616 and backstage Data center 617.The wireless sensor system is in digital communication operating mode and analog sensed Working mould using multisite switch The blended sensor system switched between formula.The system includes the sensor and telemeter of mixed mode.In digital communication mode, pass The radio frequency CDMA chip select circuit of sensor determines that piece selects state and decides whether switching working mode；In analog sensed pattern, The analog radio frequency passive probe array of sensor directly modulates reflected radio-frequency signal with sensitive amount.Telemeter is in digital communication mode It is lower to receive and dispatch communication signaling with digital RF code identification front end and control each working sensor state in the comunication area, in analog sensed Sensor is chosen using the irradiation of analog radio-frequency signal transceiver and intercept reflected signal characteristic or the arithmetic of multiple features under pattern Value, such as difference, difference etc., solve sensitive amount to be measured.

Said system time-division between digital communication and analog sensed pattern switches.In digital communication mode, pass through telemeter The signaling protocol such as direct piece choosing or sensor active transmission, according to single-sensor needed for the ciphering activation of address.Subsequent telemeter Analog sensed pattern is switched to sensor.Telemeter has encouraged analog radio frequency passive probe in sensor with radio frequency continuous wave Interior EMR electromagnetic resonance or transmission, probe directly modulation reflected signal, by monitoring reflected signal amplitude, frequency, phase, power, prolonging When etc. analog signal Feature-solving correspond to sensitive amount to be measured.Then, in telemeter controller 616 extract with sensor address pair Each sensitive amount answered is received, stores or forwarded by background data center 617, so that Back-up expert system or man-machine interface are determined Plan.The system can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement, it is allowed to and multiple sensors coexist in the comunication area and do not interfere with each other, and can Communicate one by one, it is reliable to improve frequency range inner sensor capacity and measurement accuracy and speed.Analog radio frequency passive probe used without Direct current supply is needed, without standby and wakeup process, also avoids the digitlization using complicated energy consumption and corresponding framer circuit.

It is noted that the preference of the present invention is above are only, in other embodiments of the invention, can also basis Actual conditions, combine different configuration of telemeter and sensor to be formed and meet the wireless sensor system of actual demand.

The wireless sensor system of present embodiment includes telemeter and at least one sensor, the sensor and remote measurement Device is passed by RFID tag, first switch and radio frequency identification front end, second switch in digital communication mode and simulation respectively Switch between sense pattern, wherein digital communication mode is used to find according to destination address coding with whether preset address coding matches And sensor of interest is activated, analog sensed pattern is used for transmission the analog sensed signal of sensor of interest to extract sensitivity to be measured Amount, remaining sensor are in holding state without reflection sense signal, can fundamentally be avoided using only different address coding The conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area, telemeter can communicate one by one with each sensor, and using limited code length Larger address capability is provided, reliably improves capacity sensor and measurement accuracy and speed in frequency range, moreover, using simulation Signal extraction sensitive amount to be measured, avoids the digitlization using complicated energy consumption and corresponding framer circuit, reduces power consumption, expand logical Believe scope, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling and middle distance measuring.

Sixth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of application method of sensor.Fig. 9 is the application method of the sensor Flow chart.

Sensor includes RFID tag, first switch and analog sensed module, and first switch is used on or off The analogue communication of analog sensed module and telemeter.As shown in figure 9, the application method of the sensor comprises the following steps：

In step 901, for the working sensor under digital communication mode, RFID tag carries out numeral with telemeter Communication.

Then into step 902, RFID tag judges presetly according to the digital communication signal received from telemeter Whether location is encoded matches with the destination address of telemeter coding, if mismatching, enters step 906, if matching, sensor is target Sensor, enters step 903.

In step 903, the RFID tag of sensor of interest turns on first switch so that sensor of interest enters mould Intend sensing modes；

Then into step 904, under analog sensed pattern, analog sensed module reflects the working sensor to telemeter Analog sensed signal.

Then into step 905, RFID tag turns off after the analog sensed module has reflected analog sensed signal First switch by sensor of interest to switch back into digital communication mode.

Communicate then into next round.

In step 906, sensor maintains digital communication mode, and state is intercepted in standby.

Wherein, in step 901,902,903 and 906, which is in digital communication mode, and in step 904 and In 905, which is in analog sensed pattern.

It is appreciated that above-mentioned digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern can be operated in identical frequency or different frequency, Exemplary operation bandwidth is 1MHz to 20MHz.

For the application suitable for different scales, it is proposed that two kinds of different addressing controlling mechanisms.In large-scale application Mechanism is selected using direct piece, and sensor active reporting mechanism is used in minisystem.Specifically：

Under digital communication mode, the application method of the sensor may comprise steps of：

RFID tag receives destination address coding from telemeter；

RFID tag judges whether destination address coding matches with preset address coding, if mismatching, maintains numeral Communication pattern, otherwise sensor is sensor of interest, and the RFID tag of the sensor of interest sends answer signal to remote measurement Device, and first switch is turned on so that sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern.

The direct piece of telemeter selects sensor of interest, if sensor itself preset address coding is different from destination address coding, Then the sensor maintains digital communication mode and keeps silent, if identical, which is switched to analog sensed pattern and anti- Transducing signal is penetrated, in this way, helping to reduce the time of traversal all the sensors, improves telemetry frequency.

Alternatively, under digital communication mode, the application method of the sensor can also comprise the following steps：

RFID tag receives digital communication instruction from telemeter；

RFID tag actively sends preset address coding after digital communication instruction is received to telemeter；

Telemeter judges whether to find to be encoded with the preset address of destination address codes match, if there is matching, is being prolonged at random Shi Hou, RFID tag encode to telemeter transmission preset address and judge whether telemeter sends analog sensed and refer to again Order, if there is matching, telemeter sends analog sensed instruction, while RFID tag judges whether to refer to receiving analog sensed Preset address coding is transmitted across in pre-determined threshold duration before order, if so, then sensor is sensor of interest, which senses The RFID tag conducting first switch of device is so that sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern, and otherwise sensor maintains numeral Communication pattern.

Each sensor actively sends itself preset address coding and in the case where not receiving sensing instruction, is sent out again after random delay Send preset address to encode, telemeter according to geocoding whether containing conflict or whether match decision send digital communication instruction or Analog sensed instructs, and each sensor is according to whether receiving analog sensed instruction and each whether sending geocoding recently to determine It is fixed whether to switch itself operating mode.In sensor scale is smaller, by reasonable delay algorithm and pass through the fully long time, Telemeter can travel through each sensor in its comunication area one by one, and the complexity and reduction telemeter that can reduce sensor circuit are averaged The interference of transmission power and neighbouring telemeter.

When sensor has multiple analog sensed modules, the preset multilevel address coding of RFID tag is corresponding respectively to pass Sensor and its analog sensed module.Under digital communication mode, which is confirming preset address coding and remote measurement After the destination address codes match of device, control first switch is thrown to selected analog sensed module so that sensor of interest enters Analog sensed pattern.In general, preset address coding has a length of 8 to 256 of exemplary code.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that the present invention other embodiment in, can also be used code division, time-division or frequency division etc. other Various combinations realize one or more telemeters to being monitored while sensor in each comunication area and preventing from conflicting.

In present embodiment, the RFID tag of sensor judges according to the digital communication signal received from telemeter Whether preset address encode to encode with the destination address of telemeter and match, and analog sensed is controlled with or off first switch The analogue communication of module and telemeter, so that the sensor switches between digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern, Piece choosing is carried out to sensor using only geocoding, you can the conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area is fundamentally avoided, Telemeter can communicate one by one with each sensor, and provide larger address capability using limited code length, reliably improve frequency Capacity sensor and measurement accuracy and speed in section, moreover, extracting sensitive amount to be measured using analog signal, avoid using multiple The digitlization of miscellaneous energy consumption and corresponding framer circuit, reduce power consumption, expand communication range, sensor is can be used for near-field coupling And middle distance measuring.

Present embodiment is can to implement with the corresponding method embodiment of first embodiment, present embodiment with first Mode is worked in coordination implementation.The relevant technical details mentioned in first embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, in order to Reduce and repeat, which is not described herein again.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment are also applicable in the first implementation In mode.

Seventh embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of application method of sensor.7th embodiment is in sixth embodiment On the basis of improved, mainly the improvement is that：Sensor is popped one's head in using radio frequency rectifier, energy storing members and RF passive Take and electricity and detected from electromagnetic irradiation respectively, be not required to direct current supply, avoid using complicated energy consumption digitlization and accordingly into Frame circuit, without dormancy and wake-up, non-active operation, greatly reduces power consumption on the whole, expands communication range, makes sensor Available for near-field coupling and middle long distance remote measurement.Specifically：

Sensor further includes radio frequency rectifier and energy storing members.The application method of the sensor is further comprising the steps of：

Radio frequency rectifier receives radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation from telemeter, is converted into DC current and charges to energy storing members, Energy storing members are powered to RFID tag and first switch.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that radio frequency rectifier, RFID tag and first switch can integration packaging with shape Into multiport chip.It will be appreciated, of course, that the present invention other embodiment in, radio frequency rectifier, RFID tag and First switch can also individually be encapsulated as discrete component.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that sensor can charge in telemeter once starting shooting, can also communicate with telemeter Shi Jinhang charges, and can also charge again having communicated with telemeter.

As optional embodiment, analog sensed module is popped one's head in for RF passive, under analog sensed pattern, the sensor Application method comprise the following steps：

RF passive probe receives radiofrequency signal from telemeter, and sends reflected signal to telemeter；

RFID tag turns off first switch so that target to be sensed after RF passive probe has sent reflected signal Device switches back into digital communication mode.

Preferably, RF passive probe is oscillator or transmission line type analog radio frequency passive probe, according to its environment sensitive Measure modulated radio signal.It is appreciated that RF passive probe can be used for the sensitive amount such as measurement temperature, pressure, humidity or vibration, instead Penetrating signal characteristic may include signal amplitude, frequency, phase, power, delay etc..

Present embodiment is can to implement with the corresponding method embodiment of second embodiment, present embodiment with second Mode is worked in coordination implementation.The relevant technical details mentioned in second embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, in order to Reduce and repeat, which is not described herein again.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment are also applicable in the second implementation In mode.

Eighth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of application method of telemeter.Figure 10 is the application method of the telemeter Flow chart.

The telemeter includes second switch, radio frequency identification front end, analog transceiver link and controller, and second switch is used to select Select analog transceiver link or radio frequency identification front end communicates with sensor.As shown in Figure 10, the application method bag of the telemeter Include following steps：

In step 1001, controller control second switch is thrown to radio frequency identification front end so that telemeter enters digital communication Pattern；

Then into step 1002, it is preset with sensor that controller controls radio frequency identification front end to be encoded according to destination address Whether geocoding is matched to find sensor of interest, and after sensor of interest is found, controller control second switch throw to Analog transceiver link is so that telemeter enters analog sensed pattern；

Then into step 1003, analog transceiver link is with radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor and from sensor of interest Receive analog sensed signal and the analog sensed signal is sent to controller；It is appreciated that in other embodiment party of the present invention In formula, which can not also use radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor, simply receive mould from sensor of interest Intend transducing signal.

Then into step 1004, controller after the analog sensed signal of sensor of interest is received, open by control second Pass is thrown to radio frequency identification front end so that telemeter switches back into digital communication mode.

Then into step 1005, next sensor of interest is found in controller control radio frequency identification front end.

It is appreciated that above-mentioned telemeter might not just switch back immediately to digital communication after analog sensed signal is received Pattern, can also switch back into digital communication mode, which is more than mould after the scheduled time of analog sensed pattern is entered Intend the transmission time of transducing signal.

It may comprise steps of in step 1002：

Controller controls radio frequency identification front end to send destination address coding to sensor；

Radio frequency identification front end receives answer signal from sensor of interest and the answer signal is sent to controller；

Controller after answer signal of the preset address coding with the sensor of interest of destination address codes match is received, Control second switch is thrown to analog transceiver link so that telemeter enters analog sensed pattern.

Alternatively, can also comprise the following steps in step 1002：

Controller controls radio frequency identification front end to send digital communication instruction to the comunication area；

Radio frequency identification front end receives preset address coding from each sensor；

Controller judges whether the preset address coding of radio frequency identification front end receiver has conflict, alternatively, with destination address Whether coding matches, if having conflict or mismatch, controller continues to control radio frequency identification front end to send digital lead to the comunication area Letter instruction, and continue to judge whether the preset address coding of radio frequency identification front end receiver matches with destination address coding, otherwise control Device processed controls radio frequency identification front end to send analog sensed instruction to the comunication area, and control second switch throw to analog transceiver link with Telemeter is set to enter analog sensed pattern.

Each sensor actively sends itself preset address coding and in the case where not receiving analog sensed instruction, after random delay again Secondary transmission preset address coding, telemeter whether contains conflict according to geocoding or whether match decision transmission digital communication refers to Order or analog sensed instruction, each sensor is according to whether receiving analog sensed instruction and each whether sending geocoding recently To decide whether to switch itself operating mode.In sensor scale is smaller, by reasonable delay algorithm and by fully length Time, telemeter can travel through each sensor in its comunication area one by one, can reduce the complexity of sensor circuit and reduce remote measurement The interference of device average emitted power and neighbouring telemeter.

In present embodiment, the controller control radio-frequency front-end in telemeter encodes pre- with sensor according to destination address Put whether geocoding is matched to find sensor of interest, and after finding by second switch throw to simulation receives link with mesh Mark sensor and carry out analogue communication, so that above-mentioned telemeter switches between digital communication mode and analog sensed pattern, only Piece choosing is carried out to sensor using geocoding, you can the conflict of multiple sensors in the same comunication area is fundamentally avoided, it is distant Surveying device can communicate one by one with each sensor, and provide larger address capability using limited code length, reliably improve frequency range Interior capacity sensor and measurement accuracy and speed, moreover, extracting sensitive amount to be measured using analog signal, avoid using complexity The digitlization of energy consumption and corresponding framer circuit, reduce power consumption, expand communication range, make sensor can be used for near-field coupling and Middle distance measuring.

Present embodiment is can to implement with the corresponding method embodiment of the 3rd embodiment, present embodiment with the 3rd Mode is worked in coordination implementation.The relevant technical details mentioned in 3rd embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, in order to Reduce and repeat, which is not described herein again.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment are also applicable in the 3rd implementation In mode.

Ninth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of application method of telemeter.9th embodiment is in the 8th embodiment On the basis of improved, mainly the improvement is that：By to sensor emission radiofrequency signal and receive reflected signal come Sensitive amount to be measured is extracted, avoids digitlization and corresponding framer circuit of the sensor using complicated energy consumption, without dormancy and wake-up, Non-active operation on the whole, greatly reduces power consumption, expands communication range, makes sensor can be used for near-field coupling and middle long distance to survey Amount.

Specifically：

Above-mentioned analog transceiver link includes simulation receives link and analog transmissions link, and second switch is additionally operable to selection simulation Receives link and analog transmissions link communicate with sensor.

In step 1002, after sensor of interest is found, controller control second switch throw to analog transmissions link with Telemeter is set to enter analog sensed pattern；

It is further comprising the steps of after step 1002：

Controller control analog transmissions chain road direction sensor of interest transmitting radiofrequency signal；

Controller control second switch is thrown to simulation receives link, which receives from sensor of interest reflects The reflected signal is simultaneously sent to controller by signal；

Controller after the reflected signal of sensor of interest is received, control second switch throw to radio frequency identification front end so that Telemeter switches back into digital communication mode.

Moreover it is preferred that the application method of the telemeter is further comprising the steps of：

Controller controls radio frequency identification front end to the irradiation of comunication area transmitting radio-frequency electromagnetic to charge to sensor.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that telemeter can charge once starting shooting to sensor, can also be when communicating with sensor Charge, can also charge again to sensor having communicated with sensor to sensor.

Present embodiment is can to implement with the corresponding method embodiment of the 4th embodiment, present embodiment with the 4th Mode is worked in coordination implementation.The relevant technical details mentioned in 4th embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, in order to Reduce and repeat, which is not described herein again.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment are also applicable in the 4th implementation In mode.

Tenth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of application method of wireless sensor system, real it includes the six, the 7th Apply the application method of the telemeter described in the application method and the eight, the 9th embodiments of the sensor described in mode.

Preferably, which further includes data center, which passes through data/address bus at the beginning Power-on instruction is sent to telemeter.

The application method of the wireless sensor system is further comprising the steps of：

Telemeter will be sent out from the sensitive amount of the analog sensed signal extraction of sensor of interest and corresponding destination address coding Give data center；

The sensitive amount and destination address that data center receives, stores and forward telemeter to send encode.

Introduce the specifically used method of the wireless sensor system respectively below in conjunction with Figure 11 to Figure 14：

As the preference of the present invention, direct piece choosing method is used in multiple sensors out of same the comunication area, Choose according to presumptive address coding and activate sensor, and remote measurement its sensitivity amount.This method is related to data center, telemeter and more Signaling and response between the devices such as a sensor, and each device.When illustrating in this example by taking two sensors as an example, but implementing It is not limited to two sensors.Fig. 9 is the signaling time-sequence of the direct piece choosing method of this preference.

As shown in figure 11, during implementation, data center 617 sends power-on instruction by data/address bus to remote monitoring controller 616. Telemeter enters digital communication mode, and digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 is thrown to digital RF code identification front end 612.Its The 437MHz in preset frequency, such as the present embodiment, Electromagnetic Continuous amplitude photograph is launched through antenna 611 into the comunication area.0# is sensed Device and 1# sensors receive the electromagnetic irradiation, its built-in radio frequency rectifier 302 recovers direct current, and energy storing members 303 are filled Electricity, to complete sensor power on operation.Telemeter sends sensor addressing piece choosing instruction after the scheduled time, it is assumed that addressing 0# is passed Sensor.Addressing instruction is received by each sensor, and has respective RFID tag 305 compared with respective preset address coding. If identical, 0# sensors reflect answer signal by antenna 301 and confirm activation, and automatically by its digital-to-analog pattern switching Switch 307 is switched to selected sensing probe from open-circuit condition, and enters analog sensed pattern.And 1# sensors are not selected, because This intercepts state into standby, does not do response, does not also change working status.Telemeter is after activation confirmation signal is received, switching To analog sensed pattern, digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 is adjusted to analog radio-frequency signal transmitting link 613, the link According to predetermined frequency band, as 435MHz to 439MHz sends radio frequency continuous wave, each frequency point holding with predetermined stepping in the present embodiment 10 microseconds.After the completion of the irradiation of each frequency point, digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 switches to receives link 614, and intercepts 0# The simulated reflections signal of sensor.Controller 616 according in frequency band launch signal characteristic include amplitude, frequency, phase, power, Delay etc., which calculates the sensitive amount that RF passive probe measures, includes the parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, vibration（That is physical quantity number According to）, data center is reported in the lump with sensor address coding.Data center completes reception, storage and the forwarding of measured value.

0# sensors automatically switch back into digital communication mode after the scheduled time, and keep standby and intercept state.Telemeter Also digital communication mode is automatically switched back into, addresses 1# sensors.The response of 1# sensor activations and switching state, subsequent process are same On.

Take this, telemeter can travel through each sensor in its comunication area one by one.The feature of reflected signal used in this method is near Field coupling and middle long distance can be used reliably using lower, while allow multiple sensors coexist in the comunication area and do not interfere with each other, and It can communicate one by one, it is reliable to improve frequency range inner sensor capacity and measurement accuracy and speed.This method, which helps to reduce to travel through, to be owned Sensor time, and improve telemetry frequency.

As another preference of the present invention, active reporting method is used for multiple sensors out of same the comunication area In, address conflict is gradually reduced, sensor is chosen according to presumptive address coding, and remote measurement its sensitivity amount.This method is related to data The signaling and response between device, and each device such as center, telemeter and multiple sensors.In this example using two sensors as Example explanation, but it is not limited to two sensors during implementation.Figure 12 is the signaling time-sequence of the active reporting method of this preference.

As shown in figure 12, during implementation, data center 617 sends power-on instruction by data/address bus to remote monitoring controller 616. Telemeter enters digital communication mode, and digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 is thrown to digital RF code identification front end 612.Its The 437MHz in preset frequency, such as the present embodiment, Electromagnetic Continuous amplitude photograph is launched through antenna 611 into the comunication area.0# is sensed Device and 1# sensors receive the electromagnetic irradiation, its built-in radio frequency rectifier 302 recovers direct current, and energy storing members 303 are filled Electricity, to complete sensor power on operation.Telemeter sends digital communication instruction into the comunication area, and 0# sensors and 1# sensors are received Preset address coding is actively reflected after to instruction as activation and confirms response.Telemeter digital RF code identification front end judges With the presence or absence of address conflict.If there is conflict, electromagnetic irradiation is kept.Each sensor does not receive remote measurement within the scheduled wait time The analog sensed instruction of device, after being then independently arranged random delay on the basis of respective previous delivery time, each sends again Address.Telemeter constantly intercepts air interface signals, according to whether the global operating mode instruction of address conflict decision-making modification（Including Digital communication instruction and analog sensed instruction）If not conflicting, analog sensed instruction is sent.Just terminate that of transmission address A sensor, such as 0# sensors, switch into analog sensed pattern, by its digital-to-analog pattern according to analog sensed instruction Switching switch 307 is switched to selected sensing probe from open-circuit condition.And 1# sensors are still in delay idle at this time, therefore not Change working status.Telemeter is also switched to analog sensed pattern, and digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 is adjusted to simulate Emission of radio frequency signals link 613, the link is according to predetermined frequency band, as 435MHz to 439MHz is sent out with predetermined stepping in the present embodiment Radio frequency continuous wave is sent, each frequency point keeps 10 microseconds.After the completion of the irradiation of each frequency point, digital-to-analog channel switching switch 615 is cut Receives link 614 is shifted to, and intercepts the simulated reflections signal of 0# sensors.Controller 616 in frequency band according to launching signal characteristic Including amplitude, frequency, phase, power, delay etc. calculate the sensitive amount that RF passive probe measures include temperature, pressure, humidity, The parameters such as vibration, data center is reported to sensor address coding in the lump.Data center complete measured value reception, storage and Forwarding.

0# sensors, which automatically switch back into digital communication mode after the scheduled time and keep standby, intercepts state, and by prolonging at random When postpone its next time reflection address time.Telemeter also automatically switches back into digital communication mode.If subsequent 1# sensors delay Complete, i.e., actively reflect address again, if Lothrus apterus, remote measurement is completed by the above process..

Delay algorithm is rationally being set and during sensor scale is smaller, by the fully long time, telemeter can one by one time Go through each sensor in its comunication area.This method can reduce sensor chip and select circuit complexity, reduce telemeter average emitted power Disturbed between neighbouring telemeter.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that in other embodiments of the invention, it can also use other communication modes and carry out piece choosing.

Figure 13 is air interface data transmission time sequence example according to the present invention, the direct piece of the invention according to Figure 11 The signaling time-sequence of choosing method.

During implementation, telemeter enters digital communication mode, and digital RF code identification front end is sent out through antenna into the comunication area Penetrate Electromagnetic Continuous amplitude photograph.0# sensors and 1# sensors receive the electromagnetic irradiation, complete power on operation.Telemeter is pre- Sensor addressing piece choosing instruction is sent after fixing time, it is assumed that addressing 0# sensors.t₁Moment addressing instruction is received by each sensor, And compared with being encoded with respective preset address.If identical, 0# sensors are in t₂Moment reflection answer signal confirms activation, and enters Analog sensed pattern.And 1# sensors are not selected, therefore state is intercepted into standby, do not do response, also do not change work shape State.t₃Moment telemeter switches to analog sensed pattern after activation confirmation signal is received, and analog radio-frequency signal transmitting link is pressed According to predetermined frequency band, radio frequency continuous wave is sent with predetermined stepping.After the completion of the irradiation of each frequency point, analog radio-frequency signal receives link is detectd Listen the simulated reflections signal of 0# sensors.Telemeter according in frequency band launch signal characteristic include amplitude, frequency, phase, power, Delay etc., which calculates the sensitive amount that RF passive probe measures, includes the parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, vibration, pre- with sensor Put geocoding and report to data center in the lump.Data center completes reception, storage and the forwarding of measured value.t₄Moment 0# is sensed Device automatically switches back into digital communication mode after the scheduled time, and keeps standby and intercept state.Telemeter also automatically switches at the same time Digital communication mode is returned, addresses 1# sensors.t₅Moment addressing instruction is received by each sensor, and is encoded with respective preset address Compare.t₆The sensor activation response of moment 1# and switching state.

Figure 14 is sensor DC power change example according to the present invention, and direct piece of the invention selects according to Figure 11 The signaling time-sequence of method.

During implementation, sensor receives telemeter electromagnetic irradiation and completes power on operation.t₁Moment, addressing instruction was by sensor Receive, and compared with preset address coding, digital RF CDMA chip select circuit acts power consumption P therebetween₁.Sensor is in t₂When Carve reflection answer signal and confirm activation, and enter analog sensed pattern, reflection electric circuit and switching action power consumption P₂。t₃Moment Telemeter switches to analog sensed pattern after activation confirmation signal is received, and analog radio-frequency signal launches link according to predetermined frequency Band, radio frequency continuous wave is sent with predetermined stepping.Sensor only needs to keep multithrow switch state to reflect analog signal, sensor Total power consumption P₃。t₄Moment sensor automatically switches back into digital communication mode after the scheduled time, and keeps standby and intercept state.Together When telemeter also automatically switch back into digital communication mode, address other sensors.t₅Moment addressing instruction is received by sensor, and Compared with being encoded with preset address, digital RF CDMA chip select circuit acts power consumption P therebetween₁。t₆Moment sensor decision-making its not It is selected, into holding state, stand-by power consumption P₄.It should be noted that t₃Radio frequency rectification in the analog sensed pattern that moment enters Device and RFID tag input are high-impedance state, therefore sensor total power consumption P₃It is very low, select process total far below piece Word radio frequency CDMA chip select circuit action power consumption P₁.That is, the passive RF probe of hybrid sensor does not increase in the present embodiment Power consumption, and the power consumption that the monitoring distance of system mainly has digital communication part determines, communication distance scope is big.

Present embodiment is can to implement with the corresponding method embodiment of the 5th embodiment, present embodiment with the 5th Mode is worked in coordination implementation.The relevant technical details mentioned in 5th embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, in order to Reduce and repeat, which is not described herein again.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in present embodiment are also applicable in the 5th implementation In mode.

It should be noted that in the claim and specification of this patent, such as first and second or the like relation Term is used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying There are any actual relationship or order between these entities or operation.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its Any other variant is intended to non-exclusive inclusion so that process, method, article including a series of elements or Equipment not only includes those key elements, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, Method, article or the intrinsic key element of equipment.In the absence of more restrictions, wanted by what sentence " including one " limited Element, it is not excluded that also there are other identical element in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

Although by referring to some of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention is shown and described, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that can to it, various changes can be made in the form and details, without departing from this hair Bright spirit and scope.

Claims

A kind of 1. sensor, it is characterised in that including：

RFID tag, under digital communication mode, carrying out digital communication with telemeter, and receive according to from telemeter Digital communication signal, judge whether preset address coding matches with the destination address of telemeter coding, if mismatch, Digital communication mode is maintained, if matching, the sensor are sensor of interest, the RFID tag of the sensor of interest First switch is turned on so that the sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern, under analog sensed pattern, the target senses The input of the RFID tag of device is high-impedance state, and the RFID tag of the sensor of interest is anti-in analog sensed module The first switch is turned off so that the sensor of interest is switched back into digital communication mode after shooting away analog sensed signal；

First switch, the analogue communication on or off analog sensed module and the telemeter；And

Analog sensed module, under analog sensed pattern, reflecting analog sensed signal to the telemeter；

The analog sensed module is popped one's head in for RF passive, under analog sensed pattern, radio frequency to be received from the telemeter Signal, and send reflected signal to the telemeter；

The RFID tag has sent in RF passive probe and the first switch is turned off after reflected signal with by institute State sensor of interest and switch back into digital communication mode.
2. sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the RFID tag is used in digital communication mode Under, receive destination address coding from the telemeter, and judge destination address coding and preset address coding whether Match somebody with somebody, if mismatching, maintain digital communication mode, otherwise the sensor is sensor of interest, and the radio frequency of the sensor of interest is known Distinguishing label sends answer signal to the telemeter, and turns on the first switch so that the sensor of interest enters simulation and passes Sense pattern.
3. sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the RFID tag is used in digital communication mode Under, digital communication instruction is received from the telemeter, and preset address coding actively then is sent to the telemeter, it is described distant Survey device judges whether to find to be encoded with the preset address of destination address codes match, described after random delay if not there is matching RFID tag encodes to telemeter transmission preset address and judges whether the telemeter sends analog sensed again Instruction, if there is matching, the telemeter sends analog sensed instruction, while the RFID tag judges whether receiving Preset address coding is transmitted across in pre-determined threshold duration before analog sensed instruction, if so, then the sensor passes for target Sensor, the RFID tag of the sensor of interest turn on the first switch so that the sensor of interest enters analog sensed Pattern, otherwise the sensor maintain digital communication mode.
4. sensor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that it is whole that the sensor further includes radio frequency Flow device and energy storing members；

The radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation that the radio frequency rectifier is used to receive from the telemeter is converted to DC current with to institute State energy storing members charging；

The energy storing members are used to power to the RFID tag and the first switch.
5. sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the radio frequency rectifier, RFID tag and first Integration packaging is switched to form multiport chip.
6. sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the RF passive probe is oscillator or transmission line type Analog radio frequency passive probe, the radiofrequency signal is modulated according to its environment sensitive amount.
7. sensor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the sensor has multiple simulations Sensing module, the first switch are multithrow switch, for selecting the analog sensed module with the telemeter analogue communication；

The preset multilevel address coding of RFID tag, corresponds to the sensor and its analog sensed module, true respectively Recognize preset address coding and after the destination address codes match of the telemeter, the RFID tag is selected, and according to First switch described in secondary address coding-control is thrown to selected analog sensed module so that the sensor of interest enters mould Intend sensing modes.
A kind of 8. telemeter, it is characterised in that including：

Second switch, for selecting analog transceiver link or radio frequency identification front end to communicate with sensor；

Radio frequency identification front end；

Analog transceiver link, under analog sensed pattern, being sensed with radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor and from target Device receives analog sensed signal and the analog sensed signal is sent to controller；And

Controller, under digital communication mode, controlling the second switch to throw to the radio frequency identification front end, and controls institute Radio frequency identification front end is stated according to destination address coding with whether the preset address coding of sensor matches to find sensor of interest, After the sensor of interest is found, the controller controls the second switch to throw to the analog transceiver link so that described Telemeter enters analog sensed pattern, and under analog sensed pattern, the radio frequency identification front end is stopped, and the controller exists After the analog sensed signal for receiving the sensor of interest, control the second switch to throw to the radio frequency identification front end so that The telemeter switches back into digital communication mode；

Under the analog sensed pattern, the analog sensed module hair of target simulation sensor described in the analog transceiver chain road direction Send radiofrequency signal and receive reflected signal, the analog sensed module is popped one's head in for RF passive.
9. telemeter according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the controller is used under digital communication mode, control Make the radio frequency identification front end and send destination address coding to the sensor, and receive preset address coding and the mesh Mark the matched sensor of interest of geocoding answer signal after control the second switch throw to the analog transceiver link with The telemeter is set to enter analog sensed pattern；

The radio frequency identification front end is used to receive the answer signal from the sensor of interest and is sent to the answer signal The controller.
10. telemeter according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the controller is used under digital communication mode, control Make the radio frequency identification front end and send digital communication instruction to the comunication area, the controller judges the radio frequency identification front end from biography Whether the preset address coding that sensor receives matches with destination address coding, if mismatching, the controller continues to control institute State radio frequency identification front end and send digital communication instruction to the comunication area, and continue to judge the radio frequency identification front end receiver presetly Whether location is encoded matches with destination address coding, if matching, the controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to lead to described Believe that area sends analog sensed instruction, and control the second switch to throw to the analog transceiver link so that the telemeter enters Analog sensed pattern；

The radio frequency identification front end is used to receive the preset address coding from the sensor.
11. the telemeter according to any one of claim 8 to 10, it is characterised in that the controller is additionally operable to control The radio frequency identification front end is irradiated to charge to the sensor to comunication area transmitting radio-frequency electromagnetic.
12. the telemeter according to any one of claim 8 to 10, it is characterised in that the analog transceiver link includes Receives link and analog transmissions link are simulated, the second switch is used to select the simulation receives link and the analog transmissions Link communicates with the sensor；

The simulation receives link is used under analog sensed pattern, receives reflected signal from sensor of interest, and this is reflected Signal is sent to the controller；

The controller is additionally operable under digital communication mode, after the sensor of interest is found, controls the second switch Throw to the analog transmissions link so that the telemeter enters analog sensed pattern, under analog sensed pattern, the control Device controls sensor of interest transmitting radiofrequency signal described in the analog transmissions chain road direction, controls the second switch to throw to the mould Intend receives link, and after the reflected signal of the sensor of interest is received, control the second switch to throw to the radio frequency Front end is identified so that the telemeter is switched back into digital communication mode.
A kind of 13. wireless sensor system, it is characterised in that including telemeter as claimed in claim 8 and it is at least one such as Sensor described in claim 1.
14. wireless sensor system according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the system also includes data center；

The telemeter is additionally operable to measure and corresponding destination address from the sensitive of the analog sensed signal extraction of sensor of interest Coding is sent to the data center；

The data center is used to send power-on instruction to the telemeter by data/address bus, and receives, stores and forward institute State sensitive amount and the destination address coding of telemeter transmission.
A kind of 15. application method of sensor, it is characterised in that the sensor include RFID tag, first switch and Analog sensed module, the first switch are used for the analogue communication of on or off analog sensed module and telemeter；It is described to make Comprised the following steps with method：

Under digital communication mode, the RFID tag and the telemeter carry out digital communication, and according to from telemeter Whether the digital communication signal of reception, judge that preset address coding is encoded with the destination address of the telemeter and match, if not Match somebody with somebody, maintain digital communication mode, if matching, the sensor are sensor of interest, the radio frequency identification marking of the sensor of interest Label turn on the first switch so that the sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern；

Under analog sensed pattern, the analog sensed module reflects analog sensed signal to the telemeter, and the radio frequency is known The input of distinguishing label is high-impedance state, and the RFID tag closes after the analog sensed module has reflected analog sensed signal The first switch of breaking by the sensor of interest to switch back into digital communication mode；

The analog sensed module is popped one's head in for RF passive, and under analog sensed pattern, the application method comprises the following steps：

The RF passive probe receives radiofrequency signal from the telemeter, and sends reflected signal to the telemeter；

The RFID tag turns off the first switch with by described in after RF passive probe has sent reflected signal Sensor of interest switches back into digital communication mode.
16. the application method of sensor according to claim 15, it is characterised in that described under digital communication mode Application method comprises the following steps：

The RFID tag receives destination address coding from the telemeter；

The RFID tag judges whether the destination address coding matches with preset address coding, if mismatching, maintains Digital communication mode, otherwise the sensor is sensor of interest, and the RFID tag of the sensor of interest sends response letter Number the telemeter is given, and turn on the first switch so that the sensor of interest enters analog sensed pattern.
17. the application method of sensor according to claim 15, it is characterised in that described under digital communication mode Application method comprises the following steps：

The RFID tag receives digital communication instruction from the telemeter；

The RFID tag actively sends preset address to the telemeter and compiles after the digital communication instruction is received Code；

The telemeter judges whether to find to be encoded with the preset address of destination address codes match, if not there is matching, random After delay, the RFID tag encodes to telemeter transmission preset address and judges whether the telemeter is sent out again Analog sensed is sent to instruct, if there is matching, the telemeter sends analog sensed instruction, while RFID tag judgement is Preset address coding is transmitted across in the no pre-determined threshold duration before receiving analog sensed instruction, if so, the then sensing Device is sensor of interest, the RFID tag of the sensor of interest turn on the first switch so that the sensor of interest into Enter analog sensed pattern, otherwise the sensor maintains digital communication mode.
18. the application method of the sensor according to any one of claim 15 to 17, it is characterised in that the sensor Radio frequency rectifier and energy storing members are further included, the application method is further comprising the steps of：

The radio frequency rectifier receives radio-frequency electromagnetic irradiation from the telemeter, is converted into DC current and to the energy storage Part charges, and the energy storing members are powered to the RFID tag and the first switch.
19. the application method of sensor according to claim 18, it is characterised in that the radio frequency rectifier, radio frequency are known Distinguishing label and first switch integration packaging are to form multiport chip.
20. the application method of sensor according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the RF passive probe is vibration Device or transmission line type analog radio frequency passive probe, the radiofrequency signal is modulated according to its environment sensitive amount.
21. the application method of the sensor according to any one of claim 15 to 17, it is characterised in that the sensor With multiple analog sensed modules, the first switch is multithrow switch, for selecting the mould with the telemeter analogue communication Intend sensing module；

The preset multilevel address coding of RFID tag, corresponds to the sensor and its analog sensed module respectively；

Under digital communication mode, the RFID tag is confirming the destination address of preset address coding and the telemeter After codes match, the first switch is controlled to throw to selected analog sensed module so that the sensor of interest enters simulation Sensing modes.
22. a kind of application method of telemeter, it is characterised in that the telemeter includes second switch, radio frequency identification front end, mould Intend receiving-transmitting chain and controller, the second switch is used to select analog transceiver link or radio frequency identification front end to carry out with sensor Communication；The application method comprises the following steps：

The controller controls the second switch to throw to the radio frequency identification front end so that the telemeter enters digital communication Pattern；

The controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to be encoded according to destination address and whether the preset address of sensor coding Sensor of interest is found in matching, and after the sensor of interest is found, the controller control the second switch throw to The analog transceiver link is so that the telemeter enters analog sensed pattern, under the analog sensed pattern, the radio frequency Identification front end is stopped；

The analog transceiver link receives analog sensed with radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor and from the sensor of interest The analog sensed signal is simultaneously sent to the controller by signal；

The controller controls the second switch to throw to described after the analog sensed signal of the sensor of interest is received Radio frequency identification front end is so that the telemeter switches back into digital communication mode, and it is next to control the radio frequency identification front end to find Sensor of interest；

" the analog transceiver link with radio frequency electromagnetic illuminated target sensor and from the sensor of interest receive simulation pass Sense signal simultaneously the analog sensed signal is sent to the controller " the step of in, target described in the analog transceiver chain road direction The analog sensed module of analog sensor sends radiofrequency signal and receives reflected signal, and the analog sensed module is RF passive Probe.
23. the application method of telemeter according to claim 22, it is characterised in that the controller controls the radio frequency The step of whether being matched with the preset address of sensor coding to find sensor of interest encoded according to destination address for identification front end In comprise the following steps：

The controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to send destination address coding to the sensor；

The radio frequency identification front end receives answer signal from the sensor of interest and the answer signal is sent to the control Device；

The controller is receiving answering for the sensor of interest of preset address coding and the destination address codes match After answering signal, the second switch is controlled to throw to the analog transceiver link so that the telemeter enters analog sensed pattern.
24. the application method of telemeter according to claim 22, it is characterised in that the controller controls the radio frequency The step of whether being matched with the preset address of sensor coding to find sensor of interest encoded according to destination address for identification front end In comprise the following steps：

The controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to send digital communication instruction to the comunication area；

The radio frequency identification front end receives the preset address coding from the sensor；

The controller judges whether the preset address coding of the radio frequency identification front end receiver matches with destination address coding, if Mismatch, then the controller continues to control the radio frequency identification front end to send digital communication instruction to the comunication area, and continues to sentence Whether the preset address coding of the disconnected radio frequency identification front end receiver matches with destination address coding, otherwise the controller control The radio frequency identification front end sends analog sensed instruction to the comunication area, and controls the second switch to throw to the simulation and receive Link is sent out so that the telemeter enters analog sensed pattern.
25. the application method of the telemeter according to any one of claim 22 to 24, it is characterised in that the user Method is further comprising the steps of：

The controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to the irradiation of comunication area transmitting radio-frequency electromagnetic to charge to the sensor.
26. the application method of the telemeter according to any one of claim 22 to 24, it is characterised in that the simulation is received Sending out link includes simulation receives link and analog transmissions link, the second switch be additionally operable to select the simulation receives link and The analog transmissions link communicates with the sensor；

The controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to be encoded according to destination address and whether the preset address of sensor coding Matching finds sensor of interest and after finding, and the telemeter and the sensor of interest enter the step of analog sensed pattern In rapid, after the sensor of interest is found, the controller control the second switch throw to the analog transmissions link with The telemeter is set to enter analog sensed pattern；

The controller controls the radio frequency identification front end to be encoded according to destination address and whether the preset address of sensor coding Matching finds sensor of interest and after finding, and the telemeter and the sensor of interest enter the step of analog sensed pattern It is further comprising the steps of after rapid：

The controller controls the analog transmissions chain road direction sensor of interest transmitting radiofrequency signal；

The controller controls the second switch to throw to the simulation receives link, and the simulation receives link is from sensor of interest Receive reflected signal and the reflected signal is sent to the controller；

The controller controls the second switch to throw to the radio frequency after the reflected signal of the sensor of interest is received Identify front end so that the telemeter switches back into digital communication mode.