CN104009275B - A kind of high power input coupler - Google Patents
A kind of high power input coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN104009275B CN104009275B CN201410225611.6A CN201410225611A CN104009275B CN 104009275 B CN104009275 B CN 104009275B CN 201410225611 A CN201410225611 A CN 201410225611A CN 104009275 B CN104009275 B CN 104009275B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high power input coupler.The present invention includes that a T-shaped tuner, its input and short-circuit end are positioned on same axis, and the axis of output is vertical with the axis of input；Output connects through high frequency forms and a coaxial cable；Wherein, T-shaped tuner is a pair of conductor structure, including inner conductor box insulated from each other and outer contact box, the input port of this inner conductor box electrically connects with the inner wire sealing of input coaxial cable, short circuit port electrically connects with the inner wire sealing of short-circuit end coaxial cable, output port seals with the inner wire of output coaxial cable and electrically connects；The input port of this outer contact box electrically connects with the outer conductor sealing of input coaxial cable, short circuit port electrically connects with the outer conductor sealing of short-circuit end coaxial cable, output port seals with the outer conductor of output coaxial cable and electrically connects；A short-circuit plunger it is provided with between the internal and external conductor of short-circuit end coaxial cable.The present invention can realize the on-line control of power transmission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high power input coupler, belong to microwave regime.
Background technology
High power input coupler is substantially a kind of microwave transmission element, and it is particle accelerator radio frequency superconductive system
One of critical component, in radio frequency superconductive system between power source and superconductor cavity, its major function is to be presented by microwave power
Deliver in superconductor cavity (see accompanying drawing 1), the most also utilize ceramic window that air and ultra-high vacuum environment are kept apart, undertaken from room temperature
The multi-functionals such as the low drain heat transition connection function to superconduction low temperature.
According to operating experience, high power input coupler is one of critical component extremely fragile in radio frequency superconductive system,
Once damaging, whole accelerator will be caused to run, the biggest financial resources and longer time need to be spent to go to repair it, cost is relatively
Height, loss are relatively big, and therefore it is always focus and the difficult point of accelerator radio frequency superconductivity.
Coaxial type and waveguide type structure is generally used in the world at present with the superconductor cavity power input coupler of type.But
No matter the power input coupler of which kind of structure type, is required for being attached power source with coupler main transmission line, and this is even
The structure design of fitting, or use door knob transformational structure [document 1, Mircea Stirbet, Fundamental Power
Couplers for the SNS Project,review of the SPL RF coupler CERN16-
17March2010], or use direct coupled structure [document 2, Q.S.Shu, J.Susta, G.F.Chen et all. " INNOVATIVE
MODULAR,MULTIPLE POWER LEVELS,325MHz SPOKES CAVITIES POWER COUPLERS”,
Proceedings of PAC07, New Mexico, USA], will power is the most unreflected is transferred in coupled apparatus,
But both of which fails to realize the on-line control of transmission performance, i.e. in the case of feed-in power, by the short circuit tune to coupler
Humorous device is adjusted, it is achieved power match is transmitted, and improves power transmission efficiency further.
In order to realize smoothly transitting of power source and coaxial line, take into account and provide water cooled pipeline, France into coupler inner wire
CEA research institution is that its neutron source accelerator IFMIF-EVEDA project have developed RFQ chamber power input coupler, and utilizes one
Individual coaxial plate forms isolated vacuum [document 4, S.Maebara, Tokai-JAEA, et all. " DESIGN OF AN
INPUT COUPLER FOR THE IFMIF/EVEDA RFQ LINAC”,Proceedings of IPAC’10,Kyoto,
Japan], entirely different with the patent content of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose the structure design of a kind of high power input coupler, this coupler can overcome biography
System coupler can not on-line control transmission shortcoming, it is achieved standing-wave ratio is the most adjustable and matching transmission.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of high power input coupler, it is characterised in that include a tuner, it includes input, short-circuit end and defeated
Go out end；Output connects through high frequency forms and a coaxial cable；Wherein, described tuner is a pair of conductor structure, including
Inner conductor box insulated from each other and outer contact box, the input port of this inner conductor box is led in input coaxial cable
Body seals electrical connection, the short-circuit port of this inner conductor box electrically connects with the inner wire sealing of short-circuit end coaxial cable, this internal layer
The output port of conductor box seals with the inner wire of output coaxial cable and electrically connects；The input port of this outer contact box is with defeated
The outer conductor entering to hold coaxial cable seals electrical connection, the short-circuit port of this outer contact box and the outer conductor of short-circuit end coaxial cable
Seal electrical connection, the output port of this outer contact box electrically connects with the outer conductor sealing of output coaxial cable；Described short circuit
It is provided with a short-circuit plunger between the internal and external conductor of end coaxial cable.
Further, described output connects through the high frequency forms containing Choke structure and a coaxial cable；Wherein,
Described Choke structure includes inner wire Choke structure, outer conductor Choke structure and coaxial flat ceramic sheet；Inner wire Choke
Structure and outer conductor Choke structure include the top and bottom being positioned at these coaxial flat ceramic sheet both sides respectively；Inner wire Choke
The upper end of structure, lower end seal with the inner wire of output coaxial cable respectively and electrically connect and same with this by a coaxial metal frame
Axle flat ceramic sheet is tightly connected, and the upper end of outer conductor Choke structure, lower end are close with the outer conductor of output coaxial cable respectively
Envelope is electrically connected and is tightly connected with this coaxial flat ceramic sheet by a coaxial metal frame.
Further, connect outside the described upper end of outer conductor Choke structure, the coaxial metal frame of lower end and be provided with one second
Coaxial circles column casing, it is tightly connected and is provided with cooling water intake and water outlet with the upper end of described outer conductor Choke structure, lower end
Mouthful.
Further, described coaxial flat ceramic sheet is alumina ceramic plate, its suction surface plating TiN film, and thickness is 5-
10nm。
Further, described tuner is T-shaped tuner, and its input and short-circuit end are positioned on same axis, defeated
The axis going out end is vertical with the axis of input.
Further, described inner wire Choke structure, outer conductor Choke structure are respectively the axis coaxle with output
Cylindrical structural.
Further, being connected with two water cooled pipelines in the inner wire of described short-circuit end coaxial cable is that output inner wire carries
Cooling Water loop.
Further, the coaxial cable characteristic impedance of described output is 50 ohm.
Further, described short-circuit plunger passes through helicitic texture between the inner and outer conductor of described short-circuit end coaxial cable
Fore-aft adjustable.
Further, be respectively provided with vacuum monitoring port near described high frequency forms in setting regions, ARC strikes sparks monitoring client
Mouth and electron stream monitor port.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is:
The coupler structure type of the present invention is coaxial type structure, and therefore T-type structure uses two-conductor type, thus ensures
The transmission of TEM wave mode.Incident power, after T-shaped conversion equipment, is shorted piston total reflection at short-circuit end and returns, turn to side
(90 degree of directions) exports from output；Wherein short-circuit end comprises a short-circuit plunger, moving back and forth by piston, it is possible to achieve
It is the most adjustable that power transmits, and on the other hand, short-circuit end is provided convenience for introducing water cooled pipeline；Visible T-shaped conversion equipment will
Input, output and short-circuit end are integrated together simultaneously, and have function that is the most adjustable and that be easy to cooling.Forms have employed
Choke (chokes) type structure designs, and this Choke structure is welded with the inside and outside window frame of forms, upper and lower by inner conductors
Choke and the optimization of outer conductor upper and lower Choke geometric parameter, it is possible to achieve the matching transmission near forms, reduce reflection and damage
Consumption, Choke type structure can be greatly reduced the difficulty of window welding simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high power input coupler position in radio frequency superconductive system and effect；
Fig. 2 is the high-frequency electromagnetic structure (air design sketch) of coupler；
Fig. 3 is the high-frequency electromagnetic structure of coupler；
Fig. 4 is the geometry (air design sketch) of T-shaped tuner；
Fig. 5 is the high frequency forms structure chart containing Choke structure；
Fig. 6 is the high-frequency electric field distribution map of coupler；
Fig. 7 is the high frequency magnetic field distribution map of coupler；
Fig. 8 is that power transmits S parameter figure；
Fig. 9 is the mechanical construction drawing of coupler；
Figure 10 is T-shaped box outer layer mechanical construction drawing；
Figure 11 is T-shaped box internal layer mechanical construction drawing；
Figure 12 is short circuit tuning plunger structure chart.
Drawing illustrates:
1, T-shaped tuner；2, the high frequency forms containing Choke structure；3,50 Ω coaxial transmission line；11, port；12, end
Mouthful；6 is short-circuit end；
A1, the length of T-shaped tuner outer layer；A2, the width of T-shaped tuner outer layer；A3, T-shaped tuner outer layer
Height；
B1, the length of T-shaped tuner internal layer；B2, the width of T-shaped tuner internal layer；B3, T-shaped tuner internal layer
Height；
D, T-shaped tuner outer layer and the spacing of internal layer；The internal diameter of the short pavement end of T-shaped tuner；T-shaped tune
The external diameter of the short pavement end of humorous device；L, the length of the short pavement end of T-shaped tuner；
G, forms inner wire containing Choke structure；H, forms outer conductor containing Choke structure；
K, coaxial plate potsherd；The most advanced and sophisticated distance to potsherd surface of dc, Choke.
Detailed description of the invention
1, use electromagnetic field of high frequency simulation calculation program, complete the size of coupler high-frequency structure as shown in accompanying drawing 2,3
Design and optimization, it is ensured that coupler realizes the matching transmission of microwave power at the operating frequencies.
The high-frequency electromagnetic model of the present invention as shown in Figures 2 and 3, mainly includes three parts, a T-shaped tuner
1, a set of high frequency forms 2 containing Choke structure and one section of 50 ohm coaxial transmission line 3.T-shaped tuner includes input
End, short-circuit end and output；Wherein, input and short-circuit end are positioned on same axis, and output axis hangs down with input axis
Directly, so that output power transmission direction is vertical with input power transmission direction.Microwave power from input port 11 (see figure
2) input, after T-shaped tuner 1, changes power transmission direction, by the coaxial plate forms 2 containing Choke structure, so
After export from port 12 and to load to superconductor cavity and particle beam.T-shaped tuner 1 serves three Main Functions: 1) conversion merit
Rate transmission direction, the input of T-shaped tuner, short-circuit end with output cleverly by the three of respective direction sections of coaxial lines simultaneously
Connect；2) (short-circuit plunger is arranged at inside and outside short-circuit end coaxial line to regulate the short-circuit plunger position of T-shaped tuner short-circuit end
Annular space between conductor), thus it is possible to vary the voltage standing wave ratio of coupler, make through-put power realize the most adjustable；3) T-shaped tune
Humorous apparatus structure is that coupler inner wire water-cooled is provided convenience, and in side, T-shaped tuner short circuit face, is connected with two water cooling tubes
Road, to reduce the rising of inner wire temperature.Additionally, T-shaped tuner structure is when coupler high-frequency structure optimizes, to centre frequency
The most sensitive with S parameter, by regulating physical dimension (see Fig. 4) and the short circuit position, face of T-shaped tuner structure, can be more
Quickly optimize the high-frequency structure of coupler；The geometric structure diamete of the most T-shaped tuner such as length, width and height, fillet, and interior,
The eccentric throw of outer T-shaped box can change in the simulation optimization stage, to reach to optimize the purpose of transmission, and finally determines T
The physical dimension of type tuner.
Microwave power, after T-shaped tuner structure, changes 90 ° of directions, becomes perpendicular with original transmission direction,
Continue to be transferred to the high frequency forms 2 containing Choke structure.Forms are critical components extremely fragile in coupler structure, this
In employ a coaxial plate alumina ceramic plate of high-purity to isolate air and vacuum, but the introducing of potsherd will be led
Causing transmission line impedance not mate, to this end, this structure have employed the ceramic forms containing Choke structure, its main body includes inner wire
Choke structure, outer conductor Choke structure and coaxial flat ceramic sheet, the atmospheric side of potsherd and inlet side are by inner wire
Choke, outer conductor Choke form, and inner wire Choke, outer conductor Choke structure are respectively by two cylinder-shaped thin wall metals
Frame welds with potsherd, and Choke structure here is formed after can be understood as common cylinder cylinder at one end cut-out entity
Choke structure, the distance at this choke structure structure tip to potsherd is dc, by optimize choke structure inside and outside diameter and away from
From parameters such as dc, can optimize the transmission near window, reduce reflection loss, this is the reflection introduced due to choke structure itself
Reflection with potsherd introducing is superimposed and offsets.The potsherd of the present invention and Choke structure and other parts of forms detailed
Connected mode is as shown in Figure 5.Compare common window structure, use above-mentioned Choke structure, not only can reduce window welding
Difficulty, and the Choke structure of inner and outer conductor can be good at the impedance matching that achieves near forms, the most significantly
Reduce the electromagnetic field intensity of window weld.We utilize 3D Numerical Calculation of Electromagnetic Fields program to be emulated high frequency forms
Optimize, that obtain it was concluded that at Choke structure tip electric field the strongest, along with the clearance distance dc at Choke tip to ceramic surface
Reduction (see Fig. 5), ceramic surface electric field at Choke tip increases suddenly, and dc is excessive but then, then mate change
Difference.Through repeatedly calculating, finally the selected dc optimized is 4mm.It is pointed out that different operating frequency, different potsherd are big
In the case of little, forms Choke structure can have zooming in or out in appearance and size, the dc size of optimization also incomplete phase
With.Through the coupler optimized, its high-frequency electric field and high frequency magnetic field distribution map the most as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, in figure, dark color is electricity
Field, magnetic field wave antinode position.Fig. 8 gives the coupler power transfer curve at operating frequency point of this structure, reflectance factor
S11 at centre frequency be-49dB, S21 be 0.9999 at centre frequency, well achieve matching transmission, bandwidth reaches
30MHz, beyond design objective requirement.
The frame for movement of this coupler is as shown in Figure 9.T-shaped tuner is made up of inside and outside two-layer conductor box, and internal layer is interior
Conductor, outer layer is outer conductor, is air between two-layer, and inner conductor box lid fastens with box body nut, and two-layer conductor box divides
Do not formed (see Figure 10, Figure 11) by box body and 1-2 end cap；Inner conductor box has three ports, respectively by screw thread and method
Orchid is connected with input inner wire, output inner wire, short-circuit end inner wire coupling；Outer contact box has three ports, point
Tong Guo screw thread and flange not be connected with input outer conductor, output outer conductor, short-circuit end outer conductor coupling.Short-circuit plunger (see
Moving horizontally Figure 12) can regulate the length in short circuit face so that transmission is the most adjustable；Short circuit one end, face is by short-circuit end
Conductor is connected with two water cooled pipelines and provides chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) (see Fig. 9) for output inner wire.T-shaped tuner output with contain
The forms of Choke structure use Flange joint, and whole window structure (Fig. 5) removes ceramic window off-chip, all employs high conductivity
Oxygenless copper material, is molded by welding procedures such as the weldering of hydrogen slice, vacuum drying oven solderings.Additionally, in order to reduce Secondary-emission multipbcation effect
Should, at window suction surface plating TiN film, film thickness monitoring is at 5-10nm.It is provided with 3 monitoring ports near forms, is respectively intended to prison
Survey vacuum, ARC sparking and electron stream to provide interlock protection signal.
2, use ANSYS program, coupler and window membe thereof are carried out heat, Stress Simulation analysis respectively, makes coupling
Device temperature rise and deformation under the power level of test meet use requirement.
Claims (8)
1. a high power input coupler, it is characterised in that include a tuner, it includes input, short-circuit end and output
End；Output connects through high frequency forms and a coaxial cable；Wherein, described tuner is a pair of conductor structure, including that
The inner wire of the inner conductor box of this insulation and outer contact box, the input port of this inner conductor box and input coaxial cable
Seal electrical connection, the short-circuit port of this inner conductor box electrically connects with the inner wire sealing of short-circuit end coaxial cable, this internal layer is led
The output port of body box seals with the inner wire of output coaxial cable and electrically connects；The input port of this outer contact box and input
The outer conductor sealing of end coaxial cable electrically connects, the short-circuit port of this outer contact box is close with the outer conductor of short-circuit end coaxial cable
Envelope electrical connection, the output port of this outer contact box seal with the outer conductor of output coaxial cable and electrically connect；Described short-circuit end
A short-circuit plunger it is provided with between the internal and external conductor of coaxial cable；Wherein, described short-circuit plunger passes through helicitic texture in described short circuit
Fore-aft adjustable between the inner and outer conductor of end coaxial cable.
2. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described output contains Choke structure through
High frequency forms and a coaxial cable connect；Wherein, described Choke structure includes inner wire Choke structure, outer conductor Choke
Structure and coaxial flat ceramic sheet；Inner wire Choke structure and outer conductor Choke structure include being positioned at this coaxial flat board pottery respectively
The top and bottom of ceramics both sides；The upper end of inner wire Choke structure, lower end are close with the inner wire of output coaxial cable respectively
Envelope electrical connection and being tightly connected with this coaxial flat ceramic sheet by a coaxial metal frame, the upper end of outer conductor Choke structure, under
End seals with the outer conductor of output coaxial cable respectively and electrically connects and by a coaxial metal frame and this coaxial flat ceramic sheet
It is tightly connected；Connect and be provided with one second concentric cylinder outside the described upper end of outer conductor Choke structure, the coaxial metal frame of lower end
Cylinder, it is tightly connected and is provided with cooling water intake and delivery port with the upper end of described outer conductor Choke structure, lower end.
3. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described coaxial flat ceramic sheet is aluminum oxide
Potsherd, its suction surface plating TiN film, thickness is 5-10nm.
4. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described inner wire Choke structure, outer conductor
Choke structure is respectively the cylindrical structural of the axis coaxle with output.
5. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described tuner is T-shaped tuning dress
Putting, its input and short-circuit end are positioned on same axis, and the axis of output is vertical with the axis of input.
6. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that lead in described short-circuit end coaxial cable
Internal be connected with two water cooled pipelines for output inner wire provide chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).
7. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the coaxial cable characteristic of described output
Impedance is 50 ohm.
8. high power input coupler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that setting regions near described high frequency forms
Inside it is respectively provided with vacuum monitoring port, ARC sparking monitoring port and electron stream monitoring port.
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| CN201410225611.6A CN104009275B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of high power input coupler |
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| CN201410225611.6A CN104009275B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of high power input coupler |
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| CN104009275B true CN104009275B (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104378906B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A kind of RF high power bonder |
| CN105246242B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-07-28 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | A kind of Spoke tunable superconductor resonators device |
| JP6814088B2 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2021-01-13 | 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 | High frequency coupler |
| CN108156744B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-02-21 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Power input coupler of double hot window type |
| CN108156745B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-11-15 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Power input coupler |
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| CN202026520U (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-02 | 北京大学 | High-vacuum high-power RF (radio frequency) coupler |
| CN202085387U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-12-21 | 北京大学 | Power radio frequency coupler |
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| US4933650A (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1990-06-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Microwave plasma production apparatus |
| US5319313A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1994-06-07 | Siemens Ag | Power coupler with adjustable coupling factor for accelerator cavities |
| EP0514832A2 (en) * | 1991-05-20 | 1992-11-25 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd | Linear accelerator operable in TE11N mode |
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