CN104008466A - Method for determining pre-selected site of rainwater storage pond - Google Patents
Method for determining pre-selected site of rainwater storage pond Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining a pre-selected site of a rainwater storage pond and belongs to the technical field of municipal drainage. The method for determining the pre-selected site of the rainwater storage pond mainly comprises the steps that based on an SWMM model and the urban water logging prevention and treatment standard, the comprehensive evaluation indexes, namely the hazard indexes of accumulated water, of all nodes are obtained through conversion and calculation with the rainwater system nodes as evaluation objects, the position of the pre-selected rainwater storage pond as a target, the depth and the range and the time of the accumulated water around each node as evaluation factors and with the importance and the sensibility of the nodes and weighting considered, the ranking is conducted according to the hazard indexes of the accumulated water, a final result is obtained, and the node with the larger hazard index of the accumulated water is determined to be the pre-selected site of the rainwater storage pond. According to the method for determining the pre-selected site of the rainwater storage pond, more influence factors are considered, the obtained pre-selected site technical scheme is more reasonable, a quite good initial condition (scheme) is provided for later-stage layout optimization of the storage pond, and the working efficiency in the analysis and comparison process, namely the scheme optimization process, is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to municipal drainage technical field, more particularly, relate to definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond.
Background technology
Along with the continuous quickening of urbanization process and the impact of climate change, urban storm waterlogging problem becomes increasingly conspicuous.Storage pond, as alleviating one of effective measures of storm-water system ponding waterlogging, is more and more applied.The location positioning of storage pond in storm-water system, generally includes 3 links: [3] final position is determined in [1] pre-addressing (potential site selection)---[2] analyze relatively (scheme optimization)---.What the present invention paid close attention to is [1] pre-addressing link.Storm-water system is a huge nonlinear system, and in system, the position of storage pond is selected, and influence factor is a lot, is a very complicated technical matters.
In prior art, the pre-addressing (potential site selection) in external rainwater storage pond, based on basin outlet flood peak reduction number percent QP
max, in Drainage System somewhere, storage pond is set, calculate by model (HEC-1), if the basin of calculating outlet crest discharge number percent QP>=QP
maxthe potential site that this place is chosen as storage pond is (referring to Yeh C H, Labadie J W.Multiobjective watershed-level planning of storm water detention systems[J] .Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1997,123 (6): 336-343.).The domestic document that yet there are no the pre-addressing of storage pond.And storage pond location positioning (notes it not being the pre-addressing of link [1], but link [3] final position is determined), there is document to record (referring to horse turbulent waves, Zhang Xiaoxin, Wang Qiang. the urban rainwater system reform planing method based on model---as an example of Beijing olympic park area example [J]. water supply and drainage, 2009,34 (10): 115-118.), basic skills is to simulate by two-dimentional business prototype software (MIKE Flood), obtain possibility ponding point, these ponding points are all chosen as the final position of rain flood storage pond.And about the description of ponding point, can be referring to document (Zhang Xiaoxin, Wang Qiang, horse turbulent waves. Olympic Green area storm-water system research [J]. water supply and drainage, 2009,34 (11): 7-14.), ponding point is classified in the place that the excess surface water depth of water is greater than 0.15m by the document as, and shows the ponding time.Be abroad from basin macroscopic view according to the basin pre-addressing of outlet flood peak reduction number percent criterion, but the ponding situation of basin microcosmic internal node (inspection chamber) (depth of accumulated water, ponding scope, ponding time etc.) was not considered.Domestic and have no preliminary election location method, determine method although there is the final position of storage pond, but by be two-dimentional business software, all ponding points (referring to that the ponding depth of water is greater than 15cm) are all classified as to the final position of storage pond simultaneously, its design is unreasonable, and whole Project Cost expenditure is large.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical matters that invention will solve
The present invention is intended to overcome the defect of prior art, proposes definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond, for the pre-addressing of storage pond provides technical support.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond of the present invention, prevent and treat standard based on SWMM model and city waterlogging, taking storm-water system node as evaluation object, taking the position of preliminary election storage pond as target, with node depth of accumulated water around, ponding scope and ponding time are for evaluating the factor, consider the importance of node, susceptibility weighting, through conversion and calculating, draw the comprehensive evaluation index of each node---ponding hazard index, sort by ponding hazard index size, net result, the node determination that ponding hazard index is larger is the place of the pre-addressing of storage pond.
Definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1,
According to rainwater basin, storm-water system is designed and determines design of rainwater system parameter, the now design of storm-water system does not comprise the design of storage pond, and design of rainwater system parameter comprises: Rain Intensity Formula Based, design reoccurrence period, drainage ratio, ground inlet time, reduction coefficient;
According to the waterpower calculative determination storm-water system attribute data of storm-water system, storm-water system attribute data comprises: respectively design caliber, the gradient, invert elevation (IE), the buried depth of pipeline value of pipeline section, set up SWMM model according to storm-water system attribute data;
The SWMM model that the design storm of the corresponding reoccurrence period that the waterlogging standard of preventing and treating in city is specified has been set up as condition of raining input carries out storm-water system simulation;
Step 2,
The data of obtaining each node according to the analog result of the SWMM model in step 1, node data comprises: this section of water catchment area A
water catchment area, average ground inclination i, overflow volume V, overflow time t
overflow, wherein, node refers to the potential site point of storage pond;
Select depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, the ponding time t of node as the evaluation factor of the ponding extent of injury, according to the node data obtaining, according to transformation technology scheme, change into the concrete numerical value of evaluating factor depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, ponding time t; Wherein, transformation technology scheme is: this section of water catchment area with node represents ponding scope, average ponding thickness with the overflow volume of node within the scope of its ponding represents depth of accumulated water, represent the ponding time with node overflow time, that is: being calculated as of ponding time t, depth of accumulated water h and ponding scope A: t=t
overflow, h=V/A
water catchment area, A=A
water catchment area;
Step 3,
Select the standards of grading of each evaluation factor about the evaluation score value in different numerical value interval, and according to these standards of grading, each evaluation factor of each node in storm-water system is marked, obtain depth of accumulated water, ponding scope, the score value of ponding time of each node;
Step 4,
The score value of the each Node evaluation factor obtaining according to step 3, calculates each node ponding hazard index, is implemented as follows:
1) define destination layer, rule layer, solution layer
Destination layer: the pre-addressing of storage pond position, sort by ponding hazard index by node;
Rule layer: the ponding Evaluation of Harmfulness factor, comprising: depth of accumulated water, ponding scope and ponding time;
Solution layer: each node;
2) construction rules layer is with respect to the paired comparator matrix A of destination layer, and calculates weight vector w
(2);
3) structural scheme layer is respectively evaluated the paired comparator matrix of the factor with respect to rule layer respectively, carries out consistency check, and asks corresponding weight vector separately, wherein:
According to the depth of accumulated water score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to depth of accumulated water
1, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
1weight vector w
1 (3);
According to the ponding scope score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to ponding scope
2, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
2weight vector w
2 (3);
According to the ponding time score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to the ponding time
3, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
3weight vector w
3 (3);
4) with w
1 (3), w
2 (3), w
3 (3)for column vector, form matrix W
(3)=[w
1 (3), w
2 (3), w
3 (3)], according to formula w
(3)=W
(3)w
(2), the each node of numerical procedure layer is with respect to the combined weights vector w of destination layer
(3), and carry out consistency check, combined weights vector w
(3)be the integrate score of the each node of solution layer with respect to destination layer;
Step 5,
According to the importance of each node and susceptibility, the integrate score of each node that step 4 is drawn is multiplied by the corresponding importance of each node, susceptibility weight coefficient, draw the final score value of each node ponding hazard index, sorting by the size of the final score value of ponding hazard index, is the place of the pre-addressing of storage pond by node determination larger ponding hazard index.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
Definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond of the present invention, introduce ponding hazard index, the ponding situation (depth of accumulated water, ponding scope, ponding time etc.) of each node and importance, susceptibility in consideration storm-water system, by SWMM modelling technique means and transformation technology scheme, particularly data extraction method and transformation technology scheme, and consider importance, the susceptibility of node, finally obtain node (scheme) ponding coefficient of injury, thereby realize the final goal of the pre-addressing of storage pond.The influence factor that technical scheme of the present invention is considered is more, the pre-addressing technical scheme obtaining is more reasonable, this will be for later stage storage pond layout optimization provides a good starting condition (scheme), will improve the work efficiency of " analyzing relatively (scheme optimization) " link.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the node of storm-water system in embodiment 1, the schematic diagram of pipeline section.
Embodiment
For further understanding content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Taking rainwater basin, Urban Area of Shanghai City as example, utilize technical scheme of the present invention that storm-water system node ponding hazard index is calculated and sorted below, determine the priority of storage pond initial position.As shown in Figure 1, definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond of the present embodiment, its concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1,
According to rainwater basin, storm-water system is designed and determines design of rainwater system parameter, the now design of storm-water system (that is: Storm Sewer Network) does not comprise the design of storage pond, and design of rainwater system parameter comprises: Rain Intensity Formula Based, design reoccurrence period, drainage ratio, ground inlet time, reduction coefficient.The design parameter of the definite Urban Area of Shanghai City storm-water system of the present embodiment is as follows: the design reoccurrence period: 1 year; Drainage ratio: 0.6; Ground inlet time: 15 minutes; Reduction coefficient: 2; The pipeline coefficient of roughness: 0.013; Shanghai Rain Intensity Formula Based:
In formula: q---design storm intensity (L/ (sha));
T---ground inlet time (min);
P---design reoccurrence period (a);
What deserves to be explained is, the design of rainwater system parameter in the present invention is relevant with rainwater basin herein, is the needed data of designing and calculating storm-water system, irrelevant with SWMM modeling.Not being key of the present invention about determining of " design of rainwater system parameter ", is also that those skilled in the art can learn, does not repeat them here.
After design of rainwater system parameter is determined, according to the waterpower calculative determination storm-water system attribute data of storm-water system, storm-water system attribute data comprises: the caliber, the gradient, invert elevation (IE), the buried depth of pipeline value that respectively design pipeline section, (SWMM modeling process can be referring to SWMM user manual, and step is conventionally: project default value is set to set up SWMM model according to storm-water system attribute data; Draw storm-water system; Editor's storm-water system attribute; Simulation and reporting option are set, and the common practise that this part is this area, does not repeat them here).
The SWMM model that the design storm of the corresponding reoccurrence period that the waterlogging standard of preventing and treating in city is specified has been set up as condition of raining input carries out storm-water system simulation; In the present embodiment, prevent and treat standard according to " municipal drainage (rainwater) prevention waterlogging unified plan establishment outline " city waterlogging, determine that Shanghai Central Urban Area waterlogging prevents and treats standard, resist the heavy rain of meeting for 50 years, the SWMM model that the reoccurrence period design storm (Chicago rainfall pattern data) that is 50 years has been set up as condition of raining input carries out storm-water system simulation.
Step 2,
The data of obtaining each node according to the analog result of the SWMM model in step 1, node data comprises: this section of water catchment area A
water catchment area, average ground inclination i, overflow volume V, overflow time t
overflow, wherein, node refers to the potential site point of storage pond.
Using 3 nodes as example, the pre-site selecting method of a whole set of storage pond is described below, piping arrangement as shown in Figure 2.3 nodes are respectively: Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, corresponding code name is A, B, C respectively.By analog result, obtain this section of water catchment area (being sub-water catchment area area subcatchment area) (if this node, without this section of water catchment area, replaces with the mean value of this section of water catchment area of adjacent two nodes), each node average ground inclination i (being the sub-water catchment area gradient), overflow volume V, overflow time t of node around of each node
overflow, the related data of acquisition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 is evaluated required each node SWMM analog result and design conditions related data
Select depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, the ponding time t of node as the evaluation factor of the ponding extent of injury, according to the node data obtaining, according to transformation technology scheme, change into the concrete numerical value of evaluating factor depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, ponding time t; Wherein, transformation technology scheme is: this section of water catchment area with node represents ponding scope, average ponding thickness with the overflow volume of node within the scope of its ponding represents depth of accumulated water, represent the ponding time with node overflow time, that is: being calculated as of ponding time t, depth of accumulated water h and ponding scope A: t=t
overflow, h=V/A
water catchment area, A=A
water catchment area.
The concrete numerical value checkout result of evaluating factor depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, ponding time t in the present embodiment is as shown in table 2.
The evaluation factor corresponding data that the data of the each node of table 2 draw after changing by calculating
Step 3,
Select the standards of grading of each evaluation factor about the evaluation score value in different numerical value interval, the standards of grading that the present embodiment is selected are as shown in table 3.
According to these standards of grading, each evaluation factor of each node in storm-water system (being scheme, the potential site of storage pond) is marked, obtain depth of accumulated water, ponding scope, the score value of ponding time of each node, result is as shown in table 4.
Table 3 is evaluated the standards of grading that the factor is drafted according to numerical value interval
The score value of each evaluation factor that the each node of table 4 is got according to standards of grading
Step 4,
The score value of the each Node evaluation factor obtaining according to step 3, calculates each node ponding hazard index, is implemented as follows:
1) define destination layer, rule layer, solution layer
Destination layer: the pre-addressing of storage pond position, sort by ponding hazard index by node;
Rule layer: the ponding Evaluation of Harmfulness factor, comprising: depth of accumulated water, ponding scope and ponding time;
Solution layer: each node;
2) construction rules layer is with respect to the paired comparator matrix A of destination layer, and calculates weight vector w
(2).The present embodiment is convenience of calculation, the relative weighting of each evaluation index is made as identical, compares between any two, obtains Paired comparison matrix A:
3) structural scheme layer is respectively evaluated the paired comparator matrix of the factor with respect to rule layer respectively, carries out consistency check, and asks corresponding weight vector separately, wherein:
According to the depth of accumulated water score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to depth of accumulated water
1, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
1weight vector w
1 (3).According to the score value of depth of accumulated water in table 4, compare between two, obtain paired comparator matrix B
1(hereinafter B
2, B
3adopt similar approach to obtain).
Application Matlab calculates B
1eigenvalue of maximum and normalization proper vector correspondingly.B
1for consistent battle array, meet consistency check; Its eigenvalue of maximum is 3, with the corresponding normalized proper vector of eigenvalue of maximum: ω
1=(0.5556,0.1111,0.3333)
t, this proper vector is the weight vector w of this matrix
1 (3).
According to the ponding scope score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to ponding scope
2, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
2weight vector w
2 (3).Solution layer is for the paired comparator matrix B of ponding range factor (criterion)
2,
B
2for consistent battle array, meet consistency check; Its eigenvalue of maximum is
3, the proper vector after normalization: ω
2=(0.3043,0.3913,0.3043)
t, this proper vector is the weight vector w of this matrix
2 (3).
According to the ponding time score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to the ponding time
3, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
3weight vector w
3 (3).Solution layer is for the paired comparator matrix B of ponding time factor (criterion)
3,
B
3for consistent battle array, meet consistency check; Its eigenvalue of maximum is 3, the proper vector after normalization: ω
3=(0.3333,0.3333,0.3333)
t, this proper vector is the weight vector of this matrix
w3 (3).
4) with w
1 (3), w
2 (3), w
3 (3)for column vector, form matrix W
(3)=[w
1 (3), w
2 (3), w
3 (3)], according to formula w
(3)=W
(3)w
(2), the each node of numerical procedure layer is with respect to the combined weights vector w of destination layer
(3), and carry out consistency check, combined weights vector w
(3)be the integrate score of the each node of solution layer with respect to destination layer, specific as follows:
Carry out consistency check: CR=0, meet consistency check.
Step 5,
According to the importance of each node and susceptibility, the integrate score of each node that step 4 is drawn is multiplied by the corresponding importance of each node, susceptibility weight coefficient, draw the final score value of each node ponding hazard index, sorting by the size of the final score value of ponding hazard index, is the place of the pre-addressing of storage pond by node determination larger ponding hazard index.So-called importance, susceptibility, refer to the region important or responsive to aspects such as our economy, our society and our politics, should suitably improve the scoring score value of the node ponding extent of injury in its region, is multiplied by a corresponding weight coefficient; Important or responsive region has: government bodies, school, hospital, viaduct, crowded fairground etc.The present embodiment is convenience of calculation, and the importance of each node, susceptibility weight are all made as to 1, and the ponding hazard index of A, B, C tri-schemes (node) is respectively: F
a=0.3977 × 1=0.3977, F
b=0.2786 × 1=0.2786, F
c=0.3612 × 1=0.3237, therefore final sequence is: A>C>B.Therefore determine near node Y-1 storage pond be set.
Claims (2)
1. definite method of the pre-addressing in rainwater storage pond, it is characterized in that: prevent and treat standard based on SWMM model and city waterlogging, taking storm-water system node as evaluation object, taking the position of preliminary election storage pond as target, with node depth of accumulated water around, ponding scope and ponding time are for evaluating the factor, consider the importance of node, susceptibility weighting, through conversion and calculating, draw the comprehensive evaluation index of each node---ponding hazard index, sort by ponding hazard index size, net result, the node determination that ponding hazard index is larger is the place of the pre-addressing of storage pond.
2. definite method of the pre-addressing in a kind of rainwater storage pond according to claim 1, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1,
According to rainwater basin, storm-water system is designed and determines design of rainwater system parameter, the now design of storm-water system does not comprise the design of storage pond, and design of rainwater system parameter comprises: Rain Intensity Formula Based, design reoccurrence period, drainage ratio, ground inlet time, reduction coefficient;
According to the waterpower calculative determination storm-water system attribute data of storm-water system, storm-water system attribute data comprises: respectively design caliber, the gradient, invert elevation (IE), the buried depth of pipeline value of pipeline section, set up SWMM model according to storm-water system attribute data;
The SWMM model that the design storm of the corresponding reoccurrence period that the waterlogging standard of preventing and treating in city is specified has been set up as condition of raining input carries out storm-water system simulation;
Step 2,
The data of obtaining each node according to the analog result of the SWMM model in step 1, node data comprises: this section of water catchment area A
water catchment area, average ground inclination i, overflow volume V, overflow time t
overflow, wherein, node refers to the potential site point of storage pond;
Select depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, the ponding time t of node as the evaluation factor of the ponding extent of injury, according to the node data obtaining, according to transformation technology scheme, change into the concrete numerical value of evaluating factor depth of accumulated water h, ponding scope A, ponding time t; Wherein, transformation technology scheme is: this section of water catchment area with node represents ponding scope, average ponding thickness with the overflow volume of node within the scope of its ponding represents depth of accumulated water, represent the ponding time with node overflow time, that is: being calculated as of ponding time t, depth of accumulated water h and ponding scope A: t=t
overflow, h=V/A
water catchment area, A=A
water catchment area;
Step 3,
Select the standards of grading of each evaluation factor about the evaluation score value in different numerical value interval, and according to these standards of grading, each evaluation factor of each node in storm-water system is marked, obtain depth of accumulated water, ponding scope, the score value of ponding time of each node;
Step 4,
The score value of the each Node evaluation factor obtaining according to step 3, calculates each node ponding hazard index, is implemented as follows:
1) define destination layer, rule layer, solution layer
Destination layer: the pre-addressing of storage pond position, sort by ponding hazard index by node;
Rule layer: the ponding Evaluation of Harmfulness factor, comprising: depth of accumulated water, ponding scope and ponding time;
Solution layer: each node;
2) construction rules layer is with respect to the paired comparator matrix A of destination layer, and calculates weight vector w
(2);
3) structural scheme layer is respectively evaluated the paired comparator matrix of the factor with respect to rule layer respectively, carries out consistency check, and asks corresponding weight vector separately, wherein:
According to the depth of accumulated water score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to depth of accumulated water
1, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
1weight vector w
1 (3);
According to the ponding scope score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to ponding scope
2, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
2weight vector w
2 (3);
According to the ponding time score value of each node, obtain the paired comparator matrix B of solution layer with respect to the ponding time
3, carry out consistency check, and hope for success to comparing matrix B
3weight vector w
3 (3);
4) with w
1 (3), w
2 (3), w
3 (3)for column vector, form matrix W
(3)=[w
1 (3), w
2 (3), w
3 (3)], according to formula w
(3)=W
(3)w
(2), the each node of numerical procedure layer is with respect to the combined weights vector w of destination layer
(3), and carry out consistency check, combined weights vector w
(3)be the integrate score of the each node of solution layer with respect to destination layer;
Step 5,
According to the importance of each node and susceptibility, the integrate score of each node that step 4 is drawn is multiplied by the corresponding importance of each node, susceptibility weight coefficient, draw the final score value of each node ponding hazard index, sorting by the size of the final score value of ponding hazard index, is the place of the pre-addressing of storage pond by node determination larger ponding hazard index.
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