CN104006874A - Intelligent sound velocimeter - Google Patents
Intelligent sound velocimeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104006874A CN104006874A CN201410199655.6A CN201410199655A CN104006874A CN 104006874 A CN104006874 A CN 104006874A CN 201410199655 A CN201410199655 A CN 201410199655A CN 104006874 A CN104006874 A CN 104006874A
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Abstract
An intelligent sound velocimeter comprises a meter body, a power interface, a sound wave receiver, a sound wave generator, a motor driver, a power converter, a motor, a coupler, a guide rail sliding block, a ball screw, a power source main switch, an oscilloscope, a panel, an oscilloscope switch, a signal generator switch, a frequency adjusting knob, a testing starting switch and a signal generator. The power interface is arranged on one side of the meter body, the motor is fixed to the coupler and connected with the guide rail sliding block of the ball screw, the sound wave generator is arranged at the end, close to the motor, of the guide rail sliding block, the ball screw is fixedly connected with the meter body, and the other end, opposite to the sound wave generator, of the ball screw is provided with the sound wave receiver corresponding to the sound wave generator. The sound wave receiver is fixed to the meter body and the ball screw, the power converter and the motor driver are arranged on the lower side of the meter body, a screen is arranged on the meter body, and the power source main switch, the oscilloscope, the panel, an oscilloscope switch, the signal generator switch, the frequency adjusting knob, the testing starting switch and the signal generator are arranged on the screen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Physical Experiment works and electronic information technical field, relate in particular to electronic information technical field.
Background technology
The velocity of sound is to describe the physical quantity of sound wave propagation characteristic in medium.Sound velocity determination technology is applied widely, such as: Young modulus of the measurement of atmospheric density and humiture, atmospheric pollution degree, audiolocation, material etc.Sound wave propagation needs medium, and the velocity of propagation of sound wave in medium is relevant with the factor such as characteristic and state of this medium.Therefore, by the mensuration to the velocity of sound, can also understand characteristic and the state variation of tested medium, visible, sound velocity determination is in actual production and in lifely have certain Practical significance.Sound Velocity Measurements is also the important component part of college physical experiment teaching, it is a comprehensive stronger content in Experiment of College Physics, it not only can make Students ' Comprehensive application oscillograph, the ability of the electronic devices such as signal generator is trained, and can also strengthen student's understanding and understanding with the concept of ripple to vibration.
The measuring method of the velocity of sound is a lot, has resonance interference method method, phase-comparison method, time difference method and resonance tube standing wave method etc.Resonance interference method method is conventional experimental technique, and its experimental principle is more abstract, and experimental phenomena can not fully show that experimental principle, teacher are difficult to lecture clear, and student is also difficult to get a real idea of experimental principle, is more difficult to grasp the analysis of experimental technique and experimental phenomena.When this device is surveyed the velocity of sound by resonance interference method method, existing experimental apparatus is improved, make the miniaturization of acoustic velocity measutement instrument, intellectuality, improve to a great extent the precision of experiment, reduce the error that manual measurement produces in experimentation, the experimental provision of applying modern full intelligence is left student for and the more time is gone thought experiment principle and process thereof.
The sonic generator of existing sound velocimeter is fixed on one end of vernier caliper, and acoustic receiver is fixed on vernier caliper by slide block, needs manual control completely, can accurately not find waveform maximal value, and experimental error is very large.In addition test required oscillograph, signal generator also needs also to need additionally to provide separately, experimental procedure complicated operation.
The measuring method of the velocity of sound is that the method for mechanics machinery is carried out, and its experiment instrument body is long-pending large, troublesome poeration; With ultrasonic measurement instrument, colleges and universities are comparatively popular at home in acoustic velocity measutement, the automatic standing wave test instrument (application number: 201010291379.8), it is not by signal generator, and oscillograph is integrated in device of design.Manual adjustments when experiment, does not control automatically, more there is no the Based Intelligent Control of single-chip microcomputer, and experiment method is single.So the advanced person of the experimental apparatus of an experimental project, more favourable cultivation student's innovation ability.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: we can reduce measuring error by the intelligent sound velocimeter of exploitation, improve the accuracy of experimental data, can also improve efficiency of teaching estimated cost cheap, can save great many of experiments funds, and produce larger experimental teaching benefit.
Technical scheme: a kind of intelligent sound velocimeter, comprises body, power interface, acoustic receiver, sonic generator, motor driver, power supply changeover device, motor, shaft coupling, guide rail slide block, ball screw, battery main switch, oscillograph, panel, oscillograph switch, signal generator switch, frequency adjustment knob, test starting switch, signal generator.Body one side is provided with power interface, motor is fixed on shaft coupling, and be connected with the guide rail slide block of ball screw, on guide rail slide block, be provided with sonic generator near motor one end, ball screw is fixedly connected with body, be provided with acoustic receiver corresponding thereto with the sonic generator other end, acoustic receiver is fixed on body and ball screw, body below is provided with power supply changeover device and motor driver, power interface is connected with power supply changeover device by wire, by power converter, alternating voltage is converted to the normal working voltage of motor, again power supply changeover device is received on motor driver.On body, be provided with screen, screen is provided with battery main switch and then by battery main switch, oscillograph switch, signal generator switch, also receive on power supply changeover device, oscillograph, signal generator are fixed on panel, in test process by frequency adjustment knob, just can conveniently test.
The improved beneficial effect of parts:
1, the improvement of motor makes the automatic apparatus control of sound velocimeter realization replace artificial hand-guided.
2, oscillographicly add compared with sound velocimeter before conveniently, quick, can see the waveform collecting at device itself.
3, the improvement of body makes this device more attractive in appearance, uses simpler.
4, guide rail slide block can make sonic generator on ball-screw, fix, and walks up and down.
5, signal generator can be at any time with carving the required working signal of generator.
Beneficial effect:
1, the improvement to existing sound velocimeter, more more exquisite than sound velocimeter before, more convenient test.
2, the control technology that adopts full intelligence, has replaced artificial manual operations, more accurate, tests more quick.
3, by our improved experimental provision, improve to a great extent the precision of experiment, reduce the error that in experimentation, manual measurement produces, the experimental provision of applying modern full intelligence is left student for and the more time is gone thought experiment principle and process thereof.According to the needs of experimental teaching, we improve existing THE VELOCITY OF SOUND IN AIR measurement mechanism, make existing apparatus can measure the airborne velocity of sound, have reduced the investment that repeats to purchase instrument, have obtained good experiment effect.
4, this apparatus structure is simple, with low cost, and principle is understandable, easy and simple to handle, has filled up the blank of this respect.
5, this instrument combines acoustics, electricity and machine power and gains knowledge, and is a typical designability experimental apparatus, has certain innovative significance, and the creativity of cultivating student is also very helpful.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is intelligent sound velocimeter fundamental diagram
Fig. 2 is intelligent sound velocimeter outboard profile
Fig. 3 is intelligent sound velocimeter vertical view
1-body 2-power interface 3-acoustic receiver 4-sonic generator 5-motor driver 6-power supply changeover device 7-motor 8-shaft coupling 9-guide rail slide block 10-ball screw 11-battery main switch 12-oscillograph 13-panel 14-oscillograph switch 15-signal generator switch 16-frequency adjustment knob 17-test starting switch 18-signal generator.
Embodiment
In the time using intelligent sound velocimeter, first should open by powering on switch 11-battery main switch, and then open respectively 15-signal generator switch, 14-oscillograph switch, observation signal generator, whether oscillograph can normally work, and all normally just can open 17-test starting switch before, this instrument starts normal work, then can from oscillograph, observe very easily waveform.Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
1-body is the basic framework of our whole device, external AC power supply is introduced whole device by 2-power interface, by the work of the whole device of 11-battery main switch control, the operating voltage of 5-motor driver is that therefore we will change the alternating voltage of 220V into motor-driven normal working voltage by 6-power supply changeover device to 24V.18-signal generator provides sine wave signal for device, 15-signal generator switch can control signal generator work, so the signal of signal generator is offered to 4-sonic generator, the signal receiving by 3-acoustic receiver is given single-chip microcomputer and is processed, 7-motor is fixed on 8-shaft coupling in this simultaneously, walking about of 9-guide rail slide block on electric machine rotation drive 10-ball screw, driven the acoustic receiver being fixed on guide rail slide block to walk about simultaneously, give single-chip microcomputer by the signal receiving and process the position that just can control motor and find very soon crest, signal on acoustic receiver also can be received on 12-oscillograph, just can conveniently observe out the signal waveform receiving, oscillograph is by the control of 14-oscillograph switch.
First motor is passed through to gears mode, stepper motor and potsherd are contained in device, the signal again receiving end potsherd being sent is drawn through single-chip microcomputer processing, allow single-chip microcomputer maximizing, and then the advancing and retreat of control step motor, stepper motor is the open loop control unit stepper motor part that electric impulse signal is changed into angular displacement or displacement of the lines.The in the situation that of non-overload, frequency and the umber of pulse of pulse signal only depended in the rotating speed of motor, the position stopping, and be not subject to the impact of load variations, when step actuator receives a pulse signal, it rotates a fixing angle with regard to Driving Stepping Motor by the direction of setting, and its rotation is that the angle of fixing is moved step by step.Can carry out pilot angle displacement by gating pulse number.First the waveform of the sound after resonance is converted into digital quantity, be stored in the internal memory of single-chip microcomputer, after often finding out a crest, take a step forward with regard to control step motor, like this after the certain number of times of circulation, just each maximal value corresponding in the middle of internal memory and corresponding position are found out, finally the distance differing between all maximal values is found out, this segment distance is exactly the length of half wavelength, then uses to calculate by poor method the frequency that average length is multiplied by acoustic wave source again and just can calculate easily the velocity of sound.
The experiment measuring scope of this device: vernier caliper intensive reading is 0.02mm, the experiment intensive reading that application this method is measured is b=(S*A)/360, S: be the girth of pitch, A: be the stepping angle of stepper motor, b: be experiment intensive reading.S=0.2mm in this device, A=1.8, so intensive reading can reach 0.01mm, this data precision is far longer than operation by hand and brings error.
Claims (1)
1. an intelligent sound velocimeter, is characterized in that, comprises body (1), power interface (2), acoustic receiver (3), sonic generator (4), motor driver (5), power supply changeover device (6), motor (7), shaft coupling (8), guide rail slide block (9), ball screw (10), battery main switch (11), oscillograph (12), panel (13), oscillograph switch (14), signal generator switch (15), frequency adjustment knob (16), test starting switch (17), signal generator (18), body (1) one side is provided with power interface (2), motor (7) is fixed on shaft coupling (8), and be connected with the guide rail slide block (9) of ball screw (10), be provided with sonic generator (4) in the upper close motor (7) of guide rail slide block (9) one end, ball screw (10) is fixedly connected with body (1), be provided with acoustic receiver (3) corresponding thereto with sonic generator (4) other end, acoustic receiver (3) is fixed on body (1) and ball screw (10), body (1) below is provided with power supply changeover device (6) and motor driver (5), power interface (2) is connected with power supply changeover device (6) by wire, change (6) device alternating voltage converted to the normal working voltage of motor by power supply, again power supply changeover device (6) is received on motor driver (5).On body (1), be provided with screen, screen is provided with battery main switch (11) and then by battery main switch (11), oscillograph switch (14), signal generator switch (18), also receive on power supply changeover device (6), oscillograph (12), signal generator (18) are fixed on that panel (13) is upper, in oscillograph switch (14), signal generator switch (15), test process by frequency adjustment knob (16), test starting switch (17), signal generator (18), just can conveniently carry out.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410199655.6A CN104006874A (en) | 2014-05-12 | 2014-05-12 | Intelligent sound velocimeter |
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| CN201410199655.6A CN104006874A (en) | 2014-05-12 | 2014-05-12 | Intelligent sound velocimeter |
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| CN104006874A true CN104006874A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104949751A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent acoustic velocity measurement experimental device and acoustic velocity measurement method |
| CN105157810A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-12-16 | 南阳理工学院 | Fully automatic sound velocity measuring instrument and measurement method |
| CN107103822A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-29 | 天津农学院 | A kind of ultrasonic experiment equipment for possessing a variety of detection functions and its application |
| CN108519145A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-09-11 | 杭州大华仪器制造有限公司 | A Sound velocity measuring apparatus based on Internet of Things |
| CN110231084A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of acoustic velocity measurement device and method for low-temperature and low-pressure |
| CN114877983A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Highly integrated sound velocity measuring instrument and measuring method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2476802Y (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-02-13 | 杨吉生 | Sound velocimeter |
| CN102005148A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-06 | 德州学院 | Automatic standing wave experiment instrument |
| CN102095806A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-06-15 | 南京市计量监督检测院 | Nonmetal ultrasonic detector verification system |
| CN202033100U (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-11-09 | 罗恩广 | Multifunctional acoustic velocity measuring instrument |
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2014
- 2014-05-12 CN CN201410199655.6A patent/CN104006874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2476802Y (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-02-13 | 杨吉生 | Sound velocimeter |
| CN102005148A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-06 | 德州学院 | Automatic standing wave experiment instrument |
| CN102095806A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-06-15 | 南京市计量监督检测院 | Nonmetal ultrasonic detector verification system |
| CN202033100U (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-11-09 | 罗恩广 | Multifunctional acoustic velocity measuring instrument |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105157810A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-12-16 | 南阳理工学院 | Fully automatic sound velocity measuring instrument and measurement method |
| CN105157810B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2019-05-21 | 南阳理工学院 | A kind of full-automatic sound velocimeter and its measurement method |
| CN104949751A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent acoustic velocity measurement experimental device and acoustic velocity measurement method |
| CN107103822A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-29 | 天津农学院 | A kind of ultrasonic experiment equipment for possessing a variety of detection functions and its application |
| CN108519145A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-09-11 | 杭州大华仪器制造有限公司 | A Sound velocity measuring apparatus based on Internet of Things |
| CN108519145B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2024-04-16 | 杭州大华仪器制造有限公司 | Sound velocity tester based on Internet of things |
| CN110231084A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of acoustic velocity measurement device and method for low-temperature and low-pressure |
| CN110231084B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2024-05-28 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Sound velocity measuring device and method for low temperature and low pressure |
| CN114877983A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Highly integrated sound velocity measuring instrument and measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20140827 |