CN104006631B - A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device and drying means thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device and drying means thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device and drying means thereof, described fluidized bed dryer comprises fluidized bed body and gas distribution grid, the external wall of fluidized bed is provided with microwave generator, fluidized bed body inside is arranged with the gas distribution grid of three layers of adjustable-angle from top to bottom, open microwave generator, take microwave as thermal source, according to angle of inclination and the microwave power of detection material surface temperature adjustment gas distribution grid, distribution of gas packing free ratio is 3%-5%, adjustment wind speed is 1-2m/s, control residence time of raw material is 1-5min, water content in raw material is made to be less than 15%, dried material enters dry products tank by discharging opening.Beneficial effect of the present invention is: controlling the time of staying of material in fluidized bed drying reactor by adjusting multistage distribution grid angle of inclination, being suitable for the drying of different moisture content material; By changing the microwave drying power of multistage distribution grid feedback porch, realize the maximum utilizationization of microwave energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention and a kind of drying device and method, be specially adapted to the material of higher, the oxidizable and easy spontaneous combustion of water content, particularly relate to a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device and drying means thereof.
Background technology
Fluidized bed drying equipment is widely used in the industries such as chemical industry, oil, food, biomedicine, is applicable to dry various graininess, sheet and heat sensitive material.But there is following shortcoming in traditional fluidized bed drying equipment: 1, current used fluidized bed drying equipment major part belongs to single-stage fluidized bed, the type fluid bed is the control that complete mixing flow type is unfavorable for residence time of material, easily occurs uneven drying or the phenomenon such as overheated; 2, conventional fluidization bed drying medium adopts the danger that hot blast exists the oxidation of dried material, catches fire and explode, and adopts superheated steam can bring the problem such as high energy consumption and shortage of water resources; 3, the fluid unit of built-in heat exchanger is adopted to hinder the normal fluidisation of material because of the unreasonable setting of pipe laying, when the material that particularly humidity is larger has just entered drier, easily causing the heap sum blocking of material between pipe, also there is the problems such as heat exchanger tube serious wear in this tyre built-in heat exchanger fluid-bed drying technology.If application number is the patent of 201310725230.X, disclose a kind of superheat steam drying device and method, although this device has reclaimed the exhaust steam of superheated steam, energy-efficient, blocking and the wear problem of inner-heating tube do not solve.
Microwave interacts to internal batch and its polar molecule, and polar molecule structure is changed, and do electric polarity motion, intermolecular frequent impact produces a large amount of frictional heats simultaneously, reaches dry object.Microwave technology has instantaneity, globality, selective, Energy harvesting high efficiency, and safety, health, free of contamination advantage, has been widely used in dry field.If but material size is less than the depth of microwave penetration, internal batch moisture rapid vaporization can not be discharged in time, and make material " expanded " and overheated, heat energy accumulates at internal batch, causes the hurried rising of internal temperature.Therefore, microwave drying needs to be aided with convection current often, and convection gas can go out the moisture on material surface by effetive zone, effectively shortens drying time.If application number is the patent of 201110130476.3, disclose a kind of method of microwave fluidized drying brown coal, described method comprises first carries out predrying through the microwave device of logical hot blast by raw material brown coal, fluidized bed plant again through logical hot blast carries out fluidized drying, makes free water content in raw material brown coal reach less than 1%.
It is short that fluidized bed dryer coupling microwaves technology has drying time, and baking temperature is lower, and energy consumption is low, and the spontaneous combustion that material hot-spot can be avoided to bring or explosion danger, be conducive to realizing continuous drying.As the patent that application number is 200920193648.X and 201220174418.0, distribution discloses a kind of microwave fluidized-bed equipment for powder drying and a kind of microwave fluidized-bed equipment for solid particle drying, can make material under the condition of lower temperature, carry out drying process, dry mass and the output of material can be improved, be particularly useful for the rapid draing process of low melting point, temperature-sensitive, oxidizable solid particle.But the said equipment is unfavorable for controlling time of staying of material, easily there is uneven drying or the phenomenon such as overheated, and be difficult to realize continuous drying.
In sum, also do not have a kind of by microwave drying and the good coupling technique of fluidized bed drying at present, the time of staying realizing material can control, and continuous print passes in and out material uniformly, and energy consumption for drying is low, and drying efficiency is high, and quality of material can ensure.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome the shortcoming existed in prior art, a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device and drying means thereof are provided, heat utilization rate is high, rate of drying fast, uniform drying to utilize microwave fluid-bed drying technology to have, and not easily produces hot-spot and the advantage being easy to control.
The technical scheme that the problem that the present invention is the above-mentioned proposition of solution adopts is:
A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, comprise feed bin 1, feeding screw 2 and fluidized bed dryer 3, feeding screw 2 is provided with below feed bin 1, feeding screw 2 is connected with the charging aperture 23 on fluidized bed dryer 3 top, described fluidized bed dryer 3 comprises fluidized bed body 4 and gas distribution grid 5, and fluidized bed body 4 outer wall is provided with microwave generator 6, and described fluidized bed body 4 inside is arranged with the gas distribution grid 5 of three layers of adjustable-angle from top to bottom.
Between described gas distribution grid 5 and fluidized bed body 4 inwall, angle of regulation range is 0-60 degree.
Described fluidized bed body 4 outer wall is provided with 3 microwave generators 6, and gas distribution grid 5 is positioned at fluidized bed body 4 microwave generator 6 corresponding position, realizes the maximum utilizationization of microwave energy.
A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, also comprise unit 7 of supplying gas, gas flowmeter 8, cyclone separator 9 and gas preheater 10, supply gas unit 7 end pipeline on be provided with gas flowmeter 8, the gas outlet 15 that fluidized bed dryer 3 upper end is arranged connects the air inlet 17 of cyclone separator 9, the lower end of cyclone separator 9 is provided with the rewinding mouth 21 of band valve 14, the air inlet 16 that exhaust outlet 18 and fluidized bed dryer 3 lower end on cyclone separator 9 top are arranged all is connected with the gas vent 19 of gas flowmeter 8, between the air inlet 16 of described fluidized bed dryer 3 and the gas vent 19 of gas flowmeter 8, pipeline is provided with gas preheater 10.
A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, also comprise dry products tank 20, the rewinding mouth 21 that the discharging opening 22 bottom fluidized bed dryer 3 is arranged with the lower end of cyclone separator 9 is all communicated with dry products tank 20.
Described cyclone separator 9 inwall is compounded with refractory layer 11, greatly improves heat resistance, increases the service life, increase work efficiency.
Described cyclone separator 9 adopts carbon steel material to be made.
Described gas distribution grid 5 is hinged on fluidized bed body 4 madial wall, and gas distribution grid 5 root is provided with pull bar 12, adjustments of gas distribution grid 5 Angle ambiguity residence time of material.
Described gas distribution grid 5 surface is provided with infrared temperature probe 24, and the gas outlet 15 that fluidized bed dryer 3 upper end is arranged and air inlet 16 place that fluidized bed dryer 3 lower end is arranged are provided with gas thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus 25.
Described gas distribution grid 5 is corrosion resistant plate gas distribution grid, and tetrafluoro web plate 13 is laid on gas distribution grid 5 surface, suppresses microwave reflection.
Described tetrafluoro web plate 13 lower surface and the sulfuration of corrosion resistant plate gas distribution grid are pasted.
Described gas distribution grid 5 is square gas distribution grid.
Described gas distribution grid 5 percent opening is 3%-5%, and large opening rate reduces bed pressure drop and gas transmitting power energy consumption.
A drying means for Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, comprises step as follows:
Step one: material that will be dry is pulverized, form the raw material of water content 18-60%, granularity 0.5-10mm, and deliver into feed bin 1, raw material enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through feeding screw 2;
Step 2: open microwave generator 6, power is 1000-3000W, take microwave as thermal source, controls fluidized bed dryer 3 inner drying temperature below 200 DEG C;
Step 3: the air that unit 7 of supplying gas provides enters fluidized bed dryer 3 from air inlet 16, air temperature control is at 40-60 DEG C, according to the angle of inclination of detection stock chart surface temperature adjustment gas distribution grid 5, gas distribution grid 5 percent opening is 3%-5%, adjustment wind speed is 1-2m/s, and control residence time of raw material is 1-5min, makes free water content in raw material reach less than 15%, dried raw material enters dry products tank 20 by discharging opening 22, obtains dry products;
Step 4: the hot and humid air generated in fluidized bed dryer 3 carries out gas solid separation in cyclone separator 9, gas after dedusting flows out from the exhaust outlet 18 of cyclone separator 9 and is directly mixed into gas preheater 10, isolated powder enters dry products tank 20 by rewinding mouth 21, remove a large amount of dust, realize reclaiming.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: solve the problem that the bad control of baking temperature, product quality that prior art exists cannot ensure; Control the time of staying of material in fluidized bed dryer by adjustment multi-level gas distribution grid angle of inclination, be suitable for the drying of different moisture content material; By changing microwave generator microwave drying power, realizing maximum utilizationizations of microwave energy, realizing the microwave fluidized bed drying device novel structure that the present invention utilizes reliable, have equipment simply, be convenient to manufacture, the outstanding advantages such as easy to maintenance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of gas distribution grid in Fig. 1.
Wherein, 1-feed bin, 2-feeding screw, 3-fluidized bed dryer, 4-fluidized bed body, 5-gas distribution grid, 6-microwave generator, 7-supplies gas unit, 8-gas flowmeter, 9-cyclone separator, 10-gas preheater, 11-refractory layer, 12-pull bar, 13-tetrafluoro web plate, 14-valve, 15-gas outlet, 16-air inlet, 17-air inlet, 18-exhaust outlet, 19-gas vent, 20-dry products tank, 21-rewinding mouth, 22-discharging opening, 23-charging aperture, 24-infrared temperature probe, 25-gas thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1, with reference to Fig. 1-2, a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device described in this detailed description of the invention, comprise feed bin 1, feeding screw 2 and fluidized bed dryer 3, feeding screw 2 is provided with below feed bin 1, feeding screw 2 is connected with the charging aperture 23 on fluidized bed dryer 3 top, described fluidized bed dryer 3 comprises fluidized bed body 4 and gas distribution grid 5, fluidized bed body 4 outer wall is provided with microwave generator 6, and described fluidized bed body 4 inside is arranged with the gas distribution grid 5 of three layers of adjustable-angle from top to bottom.
Between described gas distribution grid 5 and fluidized bed body 4 inwall, angle of regulation range is 0-60 degree.
Described fluidized bed body 4 outer wall is provided with 3 microwave generators 6, and gas distribution grid 5 is positioned at fluidized bed body 4 microwave generator 6 corresponding position, realizes the maximum utilizationization of microwave energy.
A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, also comprise unit 7 of supplying gas, gas flowmeter 8, cyclone separator 9 and gas preheater 10, supply gas unit 7 end pipeline on be provided with gas flowmeter 8, the gas outlet 15 that fluidized bed dryer 3 upper end is arranged connects the air inlet 17 of cyclone separator 9, the lower end of cyclone separator 9 is provided with the rewinding mouth 21 of band valve 14, the air inlet 16 that exhaust outlet 18 and fluidized bed dryer 3 lower end on cyclone separator 9 top are arranged all is connected with the gas vent 19 of gas flowmeter 8, between the air inlet 16 of described fluidized bed dryer 3 and the gas vent 19 of gas flowmeter 8, pipeline is provided with gas preheater 10.
A kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, also comprise dry products tank 20, the rewinding mouth 21 that the discharging opening 22 bottom fluidized bed dryer 3 is arranged with the lower end of cyclone separator 9 is all communicated with dry products tank 20.
Described cyclone separator 9 inwall is compounded with refractory layer 11, greatly improves heat resistance, increases the service life, increase work efficiency.
Described cyclone separator 9 adopts carbon steel material to be made.
Described gas distribution grid 5 is hinged on fluidized bed body 4 madial wall, and gas distribution grid 5 root is provided with pull bar 12, adjustments of gas distribution grid 5 Angle ambiguity drying residencing time.
Described gas distribution grid 5 surface is provided with infrared temperature probe 24, and the gas outlet 15 that fluidized bed dryer 3 upper end is arranged and air inlet 16 place that fluidized bed dryer 3 lower end is arranged are provided with gas thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus 25.
Described gas distribution grid 5 is corrosion resistant plate gas distribution grid, and tetrafluoro web plate 13 is laid on gas distribution grid 5 surface, suppresses microwave reflection.
Described tetrafluoro web plate 13 lower surface and the sulfuration of corrosion resistant plate gas distribution grid are pasted.
Described gas distribution grid 5 is square gas distribution grid.
Described gas distribution grid 5 percent opening is 3%-5%, and large opening rate reduces bed pressure drop and gas transmitting power energy consumption.
Embodiment 2-4 is the drying means of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device.
Embodiment 2:
Want dry material to be initial water content to be the brown coal of 35%, brown coal deliver into feed bin 1 after fragmentation, particle diameter 8mm, and raw material enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through feeding screw 2; Fluidizing agent air enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through gas flowmeter 8 and gas preheater 10 from air inlet 16, lays three layers of gas distribution grid 5, gas distribution grid 5 percent opening 4% in fluidized bed dryer 3; Open microwave generator 6 power 2500W, measure temperature of charge in fluidized bed dryer 3 by infrared temperature probe 24, according to stock chart surface temperature adjustment microwave generator 6 power, keep temperature in fluidized bed dryer 3 to be 180 DEG C; Adjusting gas velocity by gas flowmeter 8 is about 1.6 m/s, and after controlling residence time of material 4 min, the angle of inclination of adjustments of gas distribution grid 5, enters dry products tank 20 by discharging port of fluidized bed 6; After dry, gas entrainment portions pulverized coal particle enters cyclone separator 9 through gas outlet 15, realizes fine coal separated and collected.Warp is to fine coal determination of moisture in dry products tank 20, and water content is 12%, and it is less to place a period of time moisture relapse rate.
Embodiment 3:
Want dry material to be initial water content to be the brown coal of 55%, brown coal deliver into feed bin 1 after fragmentation, particle diameter 7mm, and raw material enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through feeding screw 2; Fluidizing agent air enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through gas flowmeter 8 and gas preheater 10 from air inlet 16, and lay three layers of gas distribution grid 5 in fluidized bed dryer 3, gas distribution grid 5 percent opening is 4%; Open microwave generator 6 power 3000W, measure temperature of charge in fluidized bed dryer 3 by infrared temperature probe 24, according to stock chart surface temperature adjustment microwave generator 6 power, keep temperature in fluidized bed dryer 3 to be 195 DEG C; Adjusting gas velocity by gas flowmeter 8 is about 1.8 m/s, and after controlling residence time of material 5min, the angle of inclination of adjustments of gas distribution grid 5, enters dry products tank 20 by discharging port of fluidized bed 6; After dry, gas entrainment portions pulverized coal particle gas outlet 15 enters cyclone separator 9, realizes fine coal separated and collected.Warp is to fine coal determination of moisture in dry products tank 20, and water content is 14%, and it is less to place a period of time moisture relapse rate.
Embodiment 4:
Want dry material to be initial water content to be the domestic sludge particle of 30%, mud granule delivers into feed bin 1, particle diameter 5.6mm, and mud granule enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through feeding screw 2; Fluidizing agent air enters fluidized bed dryer 3 through gas flowmeter 8 and gas preheater 10 from air inlet 16, lays three layers of gas distribution grid 5, gas distribution grid 5 percent opening 4% in fluidized bed dryer 3; Open microwave generator 6 power 2000W, measure temperature of charge in fluidized bed dryer 3 by infrared temperature probe 24, according to stock chart surface temperature adjustment microwave generator 6 power, keep temperature in fluidized bed dryer 3 to be 160 DEG C; Adjusting gas velocity by gas flowmeter 8 is about 1.4 m/s, and after controlling residence time of material 3min, the angle of inclination of adjustments of gas distribution grid 5, enters dry products tank 20 by discharging port of fluidized bed 6; After dry, gas entrainment portions mud granule gas outlet 15 enters cyclone separator 9, realizes mud separated and collected.Through measuring sludge water content in dry products tank 20, water content is 11%, and it is less to place a period of time moisture relapse rate.
Specific embodiments of the invention are not construed as limiting the invention, and every employing analog structure of the present invention and change, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, it is characterized in that: comprise feed bin (1), feeding screw (2) and fluidized bed dryer (3), feed bin (1) below is provided with feeding screw (2), feeding screw (2) is connected with the charging aperture (23) on fluidized bed dryer (3) top, described fluidized bed dryer (3) comprises fluidized bed body (4) and gas distribution grid (5), fluidized bed body (4) outer wall is provided with microwave generator (6), described fluidized bed body (4) inside is arranged with the gas distribution grid (5) of three layers of adjustable-angle from top to bottom, also comprise unit of supplying gas (7), gas flowmeter (8), cyclone separator (9) and gas preheater (10), supply gas unit (7) end pipeline on be provided with gas flowmeter (8), the gas outlet (15) that fluidized bed dryer (3) upper end is arranged connects the air inlet (17) of cyclone separator (9), the lower end of cyclone separator (9) is provided with the rewinding mouth (21) of band valve (14), the air inlet (16) that exhaust outlet (18) and fluidized bed dryer (3) lower end on cyclone separator (9) top are arranged all exports (19) with gas flowmeter (8) and is connected, the air inlet (16) of described fluidized bed dryer (3) and gas flowmeter (8) export between (19) and pipeline are provided with gas preheater (10).
2. a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fluidized bed body (4) outer wall is provided with 3 microwave generators (6), gas distribution grid (5) is positioned at fluidized bed body (4) microwave generator (6) corresponding position.
3. a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise dry products tank (20), the discharging opening (22) of fluidized bed dryer (3) bottom is all communicated with dry products tank (20) with the rewinding mouth (21) that the lower end of cyclone separator (9) is arranged.
4. a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described gas distribution grid (5) is hinged on fluidized bed body (4) madial wall, and gas distribution grid (5) root is provided with pull bar (12).
5. a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: described gas distribution grid (5) surface is provided with infrared temperature probe (24), the gas outlet (15) that fluidized bed dryer (3) upper end is arranged and air inlet (16) place that fluidized bed dryer (3) lower end is arranged are provided with gas thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus (25).
6. a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device as described in claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that: described gas distribution grid (5) is corrosion resistant plate gas distribution grid, and tetrafluoro web plate (13) is laid on gas distribution grid (5) surface.
7. a kind of Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described gas distribution grid (5) percent opening is 3%-5%.
8. a drying means for Multistage Microwave fluidized bed drying device, is characterized in that: comprise step as follows:
Step one: material that will be dry is pulverized, form the raw material of water content 18-60%, granularity 0.5-10mm, and deliver into feed bin (1), raw material enters fluidized bed dryer (3) through feeding screw (2);
Step 2: open microwave generator (6), power is 1000-3000W, take microwave as thermal source, controls fluidized bed dryer (3) inner drying temperature below 200 DEG C;
Step 3: the air that unit of supplying gas (7) provides enters fluidized bed dryer (3) from the air inlet (16) of fluidized bed dryer (3), air temperature control is at 40-60 DEG C, according to the angle of inclination of detection stock chart surface temperature adjustment gas distribution grid (5), gas distribution grid (5) percent opening is 3%-5%, adjustment wind speed is 1-2 m/s, control residence time of raw material is 1-5min, water content in raw material is made to reach less than 15%, dried product enters dry products tank (20) by discharging opening (22), obtains dry products;
Step 4: the hot and humid air generated in fluidized bed dryer (3) carries out gas solid separation in cyclone separator (9), gas after dedusting flows out from the exhaust outlet (18) of cyclone separator (9) and is directly mixed into gas preheater (10), isolated powder enters dry products tank (20) by rewinding mouth (21), realizes reclaiming.
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| CN101169305A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2008-04-30 | 济南钢铁股份有限公司 | Multiple-stage combination tower type drying apparatus and drying process |
| CN102261822A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-11-30 | 湖南科达粉体工程有限公司 | Device for drying lignite by microwave fluidization |
| CN202267323U (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-06 | 河南中帅医药科技发展有限公司 | Microwave heating fluidized bed |
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| CN104006631A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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