CN104006628A - 用于获得高压氧和高压氮的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于获得高压氧和高压氮的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN104006628A
CN104006628A CN201410054891.9A CN201410054891A CN104006628A CN 104006628 A CN104006628 A CN 104006628A CN 201410054891 A CN201410054891 A CN 201410054891A CN 104006628 A CN104006628 A CN 104006628A
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pressure
heat exchanger
shunting
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CN104006628B (zh
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T·劳滕施莱格
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/042Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions having an intermediate feed connection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04387Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using liquid or hydraulic turbine expansion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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    • F25J2240/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/10Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being air

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Abstract

一种用于通过空气在一蒸馏塔系统中的低温分解获得高压氧和高压氮的方法和装置,蒸馏塔系统具有高压塔(4)、低压塔(5)和主冷凝器(6)。第一进料空气流在亚临界的第一压力下被冷却到露点并且被导入到高压塔(4)中。第二进料空气流(200)被导入到蒸馏塔系统中。液态氧流(16)在第一产品压力下在高压热交换器系统(11、12)中加热。来自高压塔(4)或主冷凝器(6)的液态氮流(26)在第二产品压力下在主热交换器(2)中加热。被带到压力上的液态氮流的加热在主热交换器(2)中执行。第一分流(201)在主热交换器(2)中冷却,第二分流在高压热交换器系统中冷却。接下来,第一和第二分流汇集并泄压。

Description

用于获得高压氧和高压氮的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的方法。
背景技术
在Hausen/Linde的专题论文“Tieftemperaturtechnik(低温技术)”(第二版,1985)和Latimer在“Chemical Engineering Progress(化工进展)”(卷63,第二期,1967,35页)中的论文中一般地描述了低温分解空气的基础知识以及特别描述了双塔设备的结构。双塔的高压塔和低压塔之间的热交换关系一般通过一主冷凝器来实现,在该主冷凝器中,高压塔的塔顶气体逆着中间压力塔的蒸发的塔底液体被液化。本发明的蒸馏塔系统可以构造为经典的双塔系统,但是也可以构造为三塔系统或更多塔系统。该蒸馏塔系统可以附加于用于氮氧分离的柱而具有用于获得另外的空气组分、尤其惰性气体的其它装置,例如获得氩。
所述主冷凝器作为“冷凝器-蒸发器”表示一热交换器,其中,正在冷凝的第一流体流在间接的热交换中与正在蒸发的第二流体流接触。每个冷凝器-蒸发器具有一液化腔和一蒸发腔,它们包括液化通道或蒸发通道。在所述液化腔中执行第一流体流的冷凝(液化),在所述蒸发腔中执行第二流体流的蒸发。蒸发腔和液化腔通过通道的多个组来形成,它们彼此处在热交换关系中。
所述“主热交换器”用于在少于1bar地处在所述高压塔的运行压力之上的亚临界(unterkritisch)的第一压力下,在间接的热交换中以来自蒸馏塔系统的回流冷却进料空气。可以由单个的或多个并联和/或串联连接的热交换器区段来形成,例如由一个或多个板式热交换器模块。如果所述热交换器并联连接,那么进料空气流在所述亚临界第一压力下流过它们中的每个。
在“缠绕式热交换器”的情况下,多层管缠绕到一核心管上。介质被导引穿过所述各个管,该介质在热交换中与在这些管和一环绕的壳之间的空间中流动的介质接触。这些管在上面的热交换器端部处集合成多个组并且以管束的形式被导出所述外腔。这类缠绕式热交换器,它们的制造和它们的使用例如在Hausen/Linde的“Tieftemperaturtechnik”第2版,1985,471-475页中进行了描述。
在所述过程中,两个液态地被带到压力上的产品流相对在特别高的压力下的热载体、尤其是进料空气被蒸发并且最终作为气态高压产品被获得。该方法也称作“内压缩”。其用于获得压力氧和压力氮。对于超临界压力的情况而言不发生真正意义上的相转移,所述产品流于是仅被加热;这有时也被称作“伪蒸发”。
开头提到的类型的方法由US5355682公开。
发明内容
本发明的任务是给出这类方法和相应的装置,它们在同时相对低的设备耗费的情况下具有高的效率并且尤其适用于供给煤气化发电厂(IGCC-Integrated Combined Cycle,即整体联合循环发电系统)。
该任务通过权利要求1的特征部分来解决。
首先表现为较合理的是仅低压流经过所述主热交换器,这是因为该主热交换器于是能够特别成本低廉地制造。在本发明的范畴内但是令人吃惊地已证实的是:在很多情况下较有利的是高压氮在所述主热交换器中蒸发或伪蒸发。优选地,全部液态地被带到压力上的、作为高压氮产品流被获得的氮流在所述主热交换器中被导入到所述主热交换器中。虽然由此所述主热交换器上的耗费实际上地变大,但是用于相应较简单的高压热交换器系统的制造耗费超比例地变小。这甚至当考虑由于分配第二进料空气流的提高的耗费时还是适用的。
所述第二进料空气流的两个部分在一液体涡轮机(DLE-dense liquidexpander,即稠密液体膨胀机)中的共同的执行做功的泄压用于该方法的能量效率的进一步提高。在所述液体涡轮机上产生的机械能可以要么直接给出到一压缩机上要么通过一发电机转换成电能。
与此不同地,也可以取消所述第二进料空气流的所述两个部分的汇集和/或所述液体涡轮机。所述两个部分于是例如被分开或共同地在一个或多个节流阀中泄压到所述蒸馏塔系统的压力上。
在本发明中,一平衡流(所述第二进料空气流的“第三分流”)在一中间温度下由所述高压热交换器系统取出并且导入到所述主热交换器中。通过该措施可以较强地优化两个热交换过程并且由此明显更有效地工作。
为此,所述高压热交换器系统具有至少两个串联连接的缠绕式热交换器,在它们之间引出所述第三分流。所述两个串联连接的缠绕式热交换器可以通过两个热交换器管束在多个单独的容器中实现或通过两个如下串联连接的热交换器管束,它们彼此叠置地布置在相同的容器中。
在所述中间温度的情况下将所述第三分流由所述高压热交换器系统给出并导入主热交换器中,该中间温度处在220和120K之间,优选190和150K之间。
所述第三分流可以与第二分流分开地引导穿过所述高压热交换器系统;优选地,但是该第三分流与所述第二分流一起被引导穿过所述两个缠绕式热交换器中的较热的热交换器。显然,所述高压热交换器系统也可以具有三个或更多个热交换器管束。
优选地,所述第二进料空气流的所有三个分流在所述液体涡轮机中执行做功地被泄压。
-第一产品压力(氧)高于100bar、尤其高于110bar、例如在105和135bar之间。
-第二产品压力低于100bar、尤其低于90bar、例如在30和80bar之间。
-超临界的第二压力(上空气压力水平)低于所述第一产品压力并且尤其低于100bar、尤其低于90bar、例如在60和90bar之间。
第一进料空气流(直接空气)的亚临界的第一压力优选地与高压塔的运行压力加上管道损失相同并且例如处在5.0和6.0bar之间,优选5.3和5.7bar之间。
第三进料空气流可以必要时在后压缩到一处在所述第一和所述第二压力之间的第三压力上之后,以气态状态在一空气涡轮机中执行做功地被泄压,以便产生用于所述方法的冷却;所述空气涡轮机的进入温度于是处在所述主热交换器的热端和冷端之间的一中间水平上。替换地或附加地将压缩到超临界的第二压力上的空气的一部分从一中间温度出发地执行做功地泄压。
优选地,在该方法中将全部空气压缩到亚临界的第一压力上,在该压力下预冷却并且清洁并且接下来分配成所述第一进料空气流和第二进料空气流。原理上,但是所述第一进料空气流和第二进料空气流的完全单独的压缩也是可行的。
附图说明
本发明以及本发明的其它细节下面借助于在附图中示意性示出的实施例更加详细地阐释。
图1示出了根据本发明的装置。
具体实施方式
全部空气在一主空气压缩机中被压缩到6bar的“亚临界的第一压力”并且接下来预冷却和清洁(没有示出)。被清洁的进料空气1被分成第一进料空气流100、第二进料空气流200和第三进料空气流300。
所述第一进料空气流100在第一压力下导入主热交换器2,完全地从热端直至冷端地穿流该主热交换器。冷却到大致露点温度的第一进料空气流101通过管道3导入到一蒸馏塔系统的高压塔4中,所述蒸馏塔系统此外具有一低压塔5和一主冷凝器6。这两个塔如所示那样布置为彼此叠置的经典的双塔;替换地,它们彼此并排竖立。
第二进料空气流200在具有后冷却器8的第一后压缩机7中并继续地在具有后冷却器10的第二后压缩机9中继续压缩到85bar的超临界的第二压力并且接下来在201处重新分支。第二进料空气流200的第一分流210/211完全从热端直至冷端地同样穿流所述主热交换器2。第二进料空气流220/221完全没有流过所述主热交换器2。该第二进料空气流完全地在一高压热交器系统中冷却,该高压热交换器系统在该实施例中由两个缠绕式换热器11、12来形成,它们布置在独立的多个容器中。
在204处,所述三个分流又结合并且接下来在一液体涡轮机13中执行做功地泄压到所述高压塔的运行压力(大致6bar)上。液体涡轮机由一发电机14来制动。执行做功地被泄压的第二进料空气流205在占优势的液态状态下被导入到高压塔4中。
第二进料空气流200的第三分流230与第二分流220一起在热的缠绕式热交换器11中被冷却到165K的中间温度并且通过管道203导出。在206处,它们继续被分支并且所述第三分流230在一相应于该第三分流的温度的中间部位上被输入给主热交换器2并且最终在那里直至所述冷端地冷却。完全冷却的第三分流231在204处与第二进料空气流的剩余结合。
第三进料空气流300与所述第二进料空气流200一起被后压缩到所述后压缩机7中的第三压力55bar并且在该压力下进入到主热交换器的热端中。在略微高于所述第二分流230的所述中间温度的温度下,其又被取出并且在一空气涡轮机15中执行做功式地被泄压到高压塔4的大致运行压力上。所述空气涡轮机15驱动所述后压缩机9。被泄压的涡轮机空气303通过管道3被气态地导入到高压塔4中。
来自所述低压塔5的液态氧流16在一氧泵17中以液态状态被带至在该例子中处在115bar的第一产品压力,在该第一产品压力下在所述高压热交换器系统12/11中被加热到大致环境温度并且最终作为高压氧产品流18被获得。所述氧流过热交换器11和12的缠绕式管的内部,所述进料空气202或206流过其外腔。
来自所述高压塔4的液态氮流19(该氮流也可以从主冷凝器6取得)在一氮泵17中以液态状态被带至在该实施例中处在80bar的第二产品压力,在该第二产品压力下被加热到大致环境温度并且最终作为高压氮产品流21被获得。
此外,下列的气体流在主热交换器2中被加热:
-所述低压塔5的塔顶的实际上无压的气态纯氮22/23;
-所述低压塔5的中间部位的实际上无压的气态的不纯氮24/25;以及
-所述高压塔4的塔顶的气态压力氮26/27;
低压氮23、25的一部分可以为了清洁单元的再生而被用于进料空气(没有示出)。热的压力氮可以被使用作密封气体28和/或用作中间压力产品29。

Claims (7)

1.用于通过空气在一蒸馏塔系统中的低温分解获得高压氧和高压氮的方法,所述蒸馏塔系统具有一高压塔(4)和一低压塔(5),所述高压塔和低压塔通过一构造为冷凝器-蒸发器的主冷凝器(6)处在热交换连接中,其中,
-第一进料空气流(100、101)处在亚临界的、高于所述高压塔(4)的运行压力不足1bar的第一压力下,在一主热交换器(2)中被冷却到大致露点并且至少部分地被导入到所述高压塔(4)中(3);
-第二进料空气流(200)在超临界的第二压力下被冷却,接下来被泄压并且至少部分地被导入到所述蒸馏塔系统中;
-来自所述低压塔(5)的液态氧流(16)以液态状态被带到高于所述低压塔的运行压力的第一产品压力上(17),在所述第一产品压力下在一具有至少一个缠绕式热交换器的高压热交换器系统(11、12)中被加热到大致环境温度并且最终作为高压氧产品流(18)被获得;
-来自所述高压塔(4)或所述主冷凝器(6)的液态氮流(26)以液态状态被带到高于所述高压塔(4)的运行压力的第二产品压力上(20),在所述第二产品压力下被加热到大致环境温度并且最终作为高压氮产品流(21)被获得;
-通过在所述高压热交换器系统(11、12)之外的间接热交换来执行所述第二进料空气流(200)的第一分流(201)的冷却;
-在所述高压热交换器系统(11、12)中执行所述第二进料空气流(200)的第二分流(202、221)的冷却;并且其中
-所述第二进料空气流的所述第一分流和所述第二分流(211、221)在它们的冷却处的下游被汇集;并且
其特征在于,
-在所述主热交换器(2)中执行液态地被带到压力上的氮流的加热;
-在所述主热交换器(2)中执行所述第二进料空气流(200)的第一分流(201)的冷却;
-被汇集的第二进料空气流在其导入(205、3)所述蒸馏塔系统中之前在一液体涡轮机(13)中执行做功地被泄压;
-所述高压热交换器系统(11、12)具有串联连接的两个缠绕式热交换器;
-所述第二进料空气流(200)的第三分流(230)在所述两个缠绕式热交换器(11、12)之间从所述第二分流(206)分支并且在一中间部位上导入到所述主热交换器(2)中并且在那里继续被冷却;
-而所述第二进料空气流的所述第二分流(206)在所述高压热交换器系统(12)中继续被冷却。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第三分流(231)与所述第一分流和所述第二分流(211、221)在所述液体涡轮机(13)的上游被汇集。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一产品压力高于100bar、尤其高于110bar。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二产品压力低于100bar、尤其低于90bar。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述超临界的第二压力低于所述第一产品压力并且尤其小于100bar、尤其小于90bar。
6.用于通过空气以一蒸馏塔系统的低温分解获得高压氧和高压氮的装置,所述蒸馏塔系统具有一高压塔(4)和一低压塔(5),所述高压塔和低压塔通过一构造为冷凝器-蒸发器的主冷凝器(6)处在热交换连接中,并且所述装置具有:
-用于使第一进料空气流(100)在亚临界的、高于所述高压塔(4)的运行压力不足1bar的第一压力下,在一主热交换器(2)中冷却到大致露点的器件;
-用于将冷却的第一进料空气流(101)导入所述高压塔(4)中的器件(3);
-用于冷却在超临界的第二压力下的第二进料空气流(200)的器件;
-用于被冷却的第二进料空气流(211、221、231)的泄压和向所述蒸馏塔系统中的导入的器件;
-用于将来自所述低压塔(5)的液态氧流(16)带到第一产品压力上的器件(17),所述第一产品压力高于所述低压塔的运行压力;
-用于在所述第一产品压力下,在一高压热交换器系统(11、12)中将所述被带到压力上的所述氧流加热到大致环境温度的器件,所述高压热交换器系统具有至少一个缠绕式热交换器;
-用于获得作为高压氧产品流(18)的被加热的氧流的器件;
-用于将来自所述高压塔(4)或所述主冷凝器(6)的液态氮流(26)带到第二产品压力上的器件(20),所述第二产品压力高于所述高压塔(4)的运行压力;
-用于在所述第二产品压力下加热所述被带到压力上的氮流的器件;
-用于获得作为高压氮产品流(21)的被加热的氮流的器件;
-用于通过间接热交换来冷却所述第二进料空气流(200)的第一分流(201)的器件;
-用于将所述第二进料空气流(200)的第二分流(202、221)导入到所述高压热交换器系统(11、12)的热端中的器件;以及具有
-用于在主热交换器(2)或高压热交换器系统(11、12)下游汇集所述第二进料空气流的被冷却的第一分流(211)和被冷却的第二分流(221)的器件,
其特征在于
-用于将液态地被带到压力上的氮流导入所述主热交换器(2)中的器件;
-用于将所述第二进料空气流(200)的第一分流(201)导入到所述主热交换器(2)的所述热端中的器件;以及在于
-用于将汇集的第二进料空气流在其导入(205、3)到所述蒸馏塔系统中之前执行做功地泄压的液体涡轮机(13),其中,
-所述高压热交换器系统(11、12)具有串联连接的两个缠绕式热交换器,以及进一步地其特征在于
-用于将所述第二进料空气流(200)的第三分流(230)在所述两个缠绕式热交换器(11、12)之间从所述第二分流(206)分支的器件;
-用于将所述第三分流(230)在一中间部位上导入到所述主热交换器(2)中的器件,以及在于
-用于在所述高压热交换器系统(12)中继续冷却所述第二进料空气流的所述第二分流(206)的器件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于用于使所述第三分流(231)与所述第一分流和所述第二分流(211、221)在所述液体涡轮机(13)的上游汇集的器件。
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