CN104005447B - Bull-dozer and driving means thereof - Google Patents
Bull-dozer and driving means thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104005447B CN104005447B CN201410188619.XA CN201410188619A CN104005447B CN 104005447 B CN104005447 B CN 104005447B CN 201410188619 A CN201410188619 A CN 201410188619A CN 104005447 B CN104005447 B CN 104005447B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bull-dozer and driving means thereof, this driving means includes the first motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels；Second motor assembly, two Athey wheels of same drive, and its rated power is more than described first motor assembly；Control unit, control described first motor assembly and or described second motor assembly output power or cut off power output.The driving means of this bull-dozer can according to the operating mode of bull-dozer need to select the first motor assembly and or the second motor assembly as power source, guarantee that the first motor assembly and the second motor assembly work in efficient district, the first motor assembly and the work efficiency of the second motor assembly can not only be improved, it is also possible to extend its service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of engineering machinery, particularly relate to a kind of bull-dozer and driving thereof
Device.
Background technology
Refer to the operation principle schematic diagram of the driving means that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are existing bull-dozer.
Existing bull-dozer by driven by engine electrical power generators, the electrical energy drive motor of generation thus
Bull-dozer is driven to complete work in every.As shown in fig. 1, electromotor 11 and electromotor 12 are gone here and there
Connection, is electric energy by the mechanical energy of electromotor 11, after electric energy is transmitted by high voltage transmission line,
The driving motor 13 identical by two rated power converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, then through two
Individual identical whole deceleration system 14 drives two wheels 15 respectively, it is achieved the craspedodrome of bull-dozer,
Turn to and bringing onto load work.
Wherein, electromotor 12 is connected by high voltage transmission line super capacitor 16, works as generating
When the generated energy of machine 12 is more than or less than the demand driving motor 13, super capacitor 16 is recyclable
Or release electric energy, the stability of smooth-going and voltage to ensure curent change.
But, there is following technical problem in such scheme:
First, bull-dozer generally works under two kinds of operating modes, and the first is for there being load behavior, i.e.
Low speed dozing operating mode, the second is idle condition, i.e. Fast marching or retrogressing operating mode.Push away
During soil machine work, meeting frequent transitions between load behavior and idle condition, thus cause two
Drive motor 13 in most cases, be operated in the less load of bigger rotating speed and less rotating speed is the most negative
Carry under two operating modes, and drive the efficacious workaround of motor 13 cannot cover above-mentioned two work simultaneously
Condition, causes the inefficiency driving motor 13, substantially reduces the use driving motor 13
In the life-span, shorten the time between overhauls(TBO) of bull-dozer；
Second, two wheels 15 are carried out individually by the driving motor 13 that two rated power is identical
Drive；During advance of bulldozing, the resistance that bulldozing shovel blade is subject in the horizontal is suitable, many
In the case of number, the bulldozing resistance difference that the bulldozing shovel blade left and right sides is subject to is relatively big, i.e. there is resistance
Difference, and this resistance difference is continually changing, and when bull-dozer advances, under default situations two
Individual driving motor 13 can distribute identical moment of torsion or speed demand, when the bulldozing shovel blade left and right sides is subject to
During the resistance difference arrived, HCU (Hybrid Control Unit, hybrid power control unit) meeting
According to practical situation, the torque demand driving motor 13 is adjusted, but this adjustment needs one
Individual process, and described resistance difference changes constantly, the reality that result in two driving motors turns
Speed is unequal as a rule, bull-dozer bulldoze during be difficult to it is anticipated that straight
Line travels, and there is deviation phenomenon, thus cannot meet the bull-dozer function need when dozing
Ask.
In view of this, how to improve the work efficiency driving motor of bull-dozer, extend it and use
In the life-span, be that those skilled in the art are presently required and solve the technical problem that.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bull-dozer and driving means thereof, this driving means can
Make driving motor be operated in efficient district, extend the service life driving motor, improve simultaneously
The whole efficiency of bull-dozer.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides the driving means of a kind of bull-dozer, including:
First motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels；
Second motor assembly, same drives two Athey wheels, and its rated power is more than described the
One motor assembly；
Control unit, control described first motor assembly and or described second motor assembly output dynamic
Power or cut-out power output.
The driving means of the bull-dozer that the present invention provides improves motor assembly and drives Athey wheel
Form, single motor total performance can drive two Athey wheels, and the specified merit of the second motor assembly
Rate is more than the first motor assembly；Owing to single motor total performance can drive two Athey wheels, permissible
Select the power source of two Athey wheels according to duty requirements, the rotating speed of bull-dozer relatively low-load is relatively
Greatly, the second motor assembly that can be selected for rated power bigger drives two Athey wheels, makes the second electricity
Machine assembly works in efficient district；The rotating speed higher load of bull-dozer is relatively low, can be selected for rated power
The first less motor assembly drives two Athey wheels, makes the first motor assembly work in efficient district；
So, it is to avoid in background technology, different operating modes are by same driven by motor Athey wheel, motor without
Method works in the problem in efficient district, improves the first motor assembly and the work of the second motor assembly
Efficiency, and extend the first motor assembly and the service life of the second motor assembly.
Preferably, also include:
Power coupling mechanism, by described first motor assembly and the output of described second motor assembly
Power coupling；
Intermediate transmission mechanism, distributes the output power of described power coupling mechanism and passes eventually to two
Motivation structure；
Two described whole drive mechanisms drive two described Athey wheels respectively.
Preferably, described first motor assembly and described second motor assembly all include driving motor
And lock-up clutch；Described lock-up clutch separates, and cuts off described driving motor and moves to described
The power output of power coupling mechanism, described lock-up clutch engages, recovers described driving motor extremely
The power output of described power coupling mechanism.
Preferably, described first motor assembly and described second motor assembly all include variator,
The gear ratio of described variator matches with corresponding described driving motor.
Preferably, the rated power of described first motor assembly and the quick zero load of described bull-dozer
Traveling operating mode matches；The rated power of described second motor assembly is with described bull-dozer at a slow speed
Soil-shifting operating mode matches.
Preferably, also include for driving described first motor assembly and described second motor assembly
Electromotor.
Preferably, the electromotor driving described electromotor is also included.
Preferably, the energy storage equipment being connected with described electromotor is also included.
Preferably, described energy storage equipment is super capacitor.
The present invention also provides for a kind of bull-dozer, including running gear and the described running gear of driving
Driving means, described driving means is the driving means of the bull-dozer described in any of the above-described item.
Owing to the driving means of above-mentioned bull-dozer has above-mentioned technique effect, so including this driving
The bull-dozer of device also has corresponding technique effect, repeats no more here.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the driving means of existing hybrid power bull-dozer；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the driving means of a kind of hybrid power bull-dozer provided by the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of intermediate transmission mechanism in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of whole drive mechanism in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 1:
Electromotor 11, electromotor 12, driving motor 13, whole deceleration system 14, wheel 15,
Super capacitor 16；
In Fig. 2-4:
Electromotor 21, electromotor 22, super capacitor 23, the first motor assembly 24, the second electricity
Machine assembly 25, power coupling mechanism 26, intermediate transmission mechanism 27, whole drive mechanism 28, carry out
Belt wheel 29, control unit 30.
Detailed description of the invention
The core of the present invention is to provide a kind of bull-dozer and driving means thereof, and this driving means can
Make driving motor be operated in efficient district, extend the service life driving motor, improve simultaneously
The whole efficiency of bull-dozer.
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that the present invention program, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with detailed description of the invention.
Refer to the structure of the driving means that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are a kind of bull-dozer provided by the present invention
Schematic diagram.
In this embodiment, the driving means of bull-dozer includes electromotor 21 and electromotor 22；Send out
Motivation 21 is used for driving electromotor 22 to generate electricity.
Described driving means also includes the first motor assembly 24, drives two Athey wheels of bull-dozer
29；Second motor assembly 25, two Athey wheels 29 of same drive, and the second motor assembly 25
Rated power more than the first motor assembly 24.First motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly
The electric energy that electromotor 22 produces can be converted into mechanical energy by 25, drives two crawler belts of bull-dozer
Wheel 29, to realize the craspedodrome of bull-dozer, to turn to and bringing onto load work.
Certainly, when actual setting, it is also possible to drive the first motor assembly 24 with other devices
With the second motor assembly 25.
Described driving means also includes control unit 30, and this control unit 30 controls the first motor
Assembly 24 and or the second motor assembly 25 export power or cut off power output；I.e. control unit
30 can control the first motor assembly 24 as required individually drives two Athey wheels 29, or
Two motor assemblies 25 individually drive two Athey wheels 29, or the first motor assembly 24 and the second electricity
Machine assembly 25 drives two Athey wheels 29 together.
As above design, the power source of two Athey wheels 29 can be selected according to duty requirements；Push away
The rotating speed relatively low-load of soil machine is relatively big, can be selected for the second motor assembly 25 that rated power is bigger
Drive two Athey wheels 29, make the second motor assembly 25 work in efficient district；Turning of bull-dozer
Speed higher load is relatively low, can be selected for the first less motor assembly 24 of rated power and drives two shoes
Belt wheel 29, makes the first motor assembly 24 also work in efficient district；So, it is to avoid background skill
In art, bull-dozer cannot often work by same driven by motor Athey wheel, motor in different operating modes
In the problem in efficient district, improve the first motor assembly 24 and work of the second motor assembly 25
Efficiency, improves the whole work efficiency of bull-dozer simultaneously；And extend the first motor assembly
24 and second service life of motor assembly 25, the time between overhauls(TBO) can be extended.
Specifically, first motor assembly 25 to two Athey wheels of the 24, second motor assembly 29 it
Between power pass through drive mechanism and complete, described drive mechanism includes power coupling mechanism
26, intermediate transmission mechanism 27 and two whole drive mechanisms 28.
Wherein, power coupling mechanism 26 is for by the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly
The output power coupling of 25.Specifically, this power coupling mechanism 26 include two drivewheels and
One driven pulley；Two described drivewheels respectively with the output shaft of the first motor assembly 24, second
The output shaft of motor assembly 25 connects, described driven pulley and two described drivewheel engagements, and with
The output shaft of power coupling mechanism 26 connects.The transmission to described driven pulley of two described drivewheels
Ratio can be designed according to the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25.
The output shaft of power coupling mechanism 26 is connected with the power shaft of intermediate transmission mechanism 27, in
Between drive mechanism 27 for the output power of power coupling mechanism 26 is distributed to two whole transmissions
Mechanism 28, two whole drive mechanisms 28 drive two Athey wheels 29 respectively.
Refer to the structure schematic diagram that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 are intermediate transmission mechanism in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of whole drive mechanism in Fig. 2.The direction of arrow in figure represents power
Input and output.
In this embodiment, intermediate transmission mechanism 27 is bevel gear transmission, power coupling machine
The output power of structure 26 transmits through intermediate transmission mechanism 27, it is achieved power is to intermediate transmission mechanism
The output shaft two ends distribution of 27.
Actual when arranging, intermediate transmission mechanism 27 is in addition to above-mentioned bevel gear transmission, also
Could be arranged to other drive mechanisms, distributing to output shaft two ends as long as being capable of power.
Whole drive mechanism 28 includes clutch, brake, and the output of intermediate transmission mechanism 27 is moved
Power, after the power shaft input of whole drive mechanism 28, first passes through clutch, brake, then warp
Secondary drive mechanism carries out slowing down and increase torsion, outputs power finally by output shaft.
The output power of above-mentioned first motor assembly the 24, second motor assembly 25 passes through power coupling
Close mechanism 26 to export, distribute to two whole drive mechanisms 28 through intermediate transmission mechanism 27, then by
Two whole drive mechanisms 28 drive two Athey wheels 29, and the drive mechanism of this kind of power transmission is equal
For gear engagement transmission, it is to avoid background technology independently drives Athey wheel because of two motors
And the bull-dozer sideslip problem produced, it is ensured that the straight line of bull-dozer is bulldozed and driving functions.
In concrete scheme, the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 all include driving
Motor and lock-up clutch；Described lock-up clutch separates, and cuts off described driving motor to power
The power output of coupling mechanism 26, described lock-up clutch engages, recovers described driving motor extremely
The power output of power coupling mechanism 26.If it is to say, only needing the first motor assembly 24 to make
During for power source, control unit 30 is exportable controls signal to the first motor assembly 24 accordingly,
Make the driving motor output power of the first motor assembly 24, and make the lock of the first motor assembly 24
Only clutch is in engagement state.
Further, the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 all include variator,
The gear ratio of described variator matches with corresponding described driving motor；I.e. first motor assembly
The variator of 24 and the driving motor matched design of the first motor assembly 24, the second motor assembly
The variator of 25 and the driving motor matched design of the second motor assembly 25, coupling here sets
Meter refers to that the gear ratio of variator is arranged so that it is corresponding driving motor is operationally in each
Rated speed near, to improve further the work efficiency of described driving motor.First motor
The motor that drives of assembly 24 works in the operating mode that rotating speed higher load is relatively low, the second motor assembly
The motor that drives of 25 works in the operating mode that rotating speed is higher compared with low-load, it is clear that when specifically arranging, the
The gear ratio of the variator of one motor assembly 24 is less than the change of the variator of the second motor assembly 25
Speed ratio.
Further, described driving means also includes the energy storage equipment being connected with electromotor 22；
Specifically, this energy storage equipment is connected with electromotor 22, when bull-dozer by high voltage transmission line
When workload demands is less than the generated energy of electromotor 22, the part electric energy of electromotor 22 is used for
Drive the first motor assembly 24 and or the second motor assembly 25, remaining electric energy can be stored in accumulation of energy
Device；When the workload demands of bull-dozer is more than the generated energy of electromotor 22, energy storage equipment
Release electric energy, with electromotor 22 jointly drive the first motor assembly 24 and or the second motor assembly
25。
Arranging of energy storage equipment can avoid energy dissipation.Specifically, energy storage equipment can be set to
Super capacitor 23, it is possible to charge rapidly, discharge, meet demand.Certainly the most also may be used
To be set to other energy storage equipments.
The operating mode of bull-dozer includes following several: quickly zero load is advanced or before retrogressing, at a slow speed zero load
Enter or retreat and dozing.In reality, during bull-dozer soil-shifting work, following work can be carried out
Circulate: advance of bulldozing at a slow speed, rapid backward, turn to adjustment, bulldoze advance at a slow speed, it is known that,
The common two kinds of operating modes of bull-dozer are the most unloaded traveling and dozing at a slow speed, so, at tool
When body is arranged, the rated power of the first motor assembly 24 and the most unloaded row of bull-dozer can be made
Enter operating mode to match, the rated power of the second motor assembly 25 and the dozing at a slow speed of bull-dozer
Operating mode matches, thus, when making the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 major part
Between work in efficient district.
It addition, bull-dozer is when operation, if the situation of super high power dozing occurs, can make
First motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 export power simultaneously, drive two shoes together
Belt wheel 29.
It is pointed out that above-mentioned quick and judged by the speed of bull-dozer at a slow speed, and speed
Boundary value can be obtained by control strategy optimization；The watt level of bull-dozer dozing, by
The performance number of bull-dozer output judges, and the boundary value of power also can be excellent by control strategy
Change obtains.
During work, bull-dozer includes following state:
State A: bull-dozer quickly unloaded advance, retrogressing, is individually driven by the first motor assembly 24
Dynamic；
State B: bull-dozer zero load at a slow speed is advanced, retreated or turn, by the second motor assembly 25
It is operated alone；
State C: bull-dozer dozing, is operated alone by the second motor assembly 25；
State D: bull-dozer super high power dozing, by the first motor assembly 24 and the second electricity
Machine assembly 25 drives jointly；
State E: bull-dozer is not operating.
The handoff procedure of the most above-mentioned five kinds of states of practical work process of bull-dozer, is embodied in
The handoff procedure of power source.
Specifically, the switching of power source includes following several handoff procedure:
Switching a: power source is by the one in the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25
Switching to another one, the output driving motor of one is decreased to zero, and separates its lock
Only clutch, meanwhile, the output driving motor of another one increases to desired value, and makes
Its lock-up clutch is in engagement state；
Switching b: power source is by the one in the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25
Switching to both, the output driving motor not exporting power increases to desired value, and makes
Corresponding lock-up clutch is in engagement state；
Switch c: power source by both the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 to it
Middle one switches, and the output driving motor that will cancel power output is decreased to zero, and
Separate the lock-up clutch of its correspondence.
It is pointed out that the stationarity in order to ensure bull-dozer, in above-mentioned three kinds of handoff procedures,
Control to drive the output of motor increase with having process or reduce by control unit 30.
During work, driver sends duty requirements signal according to job demand to control unit 30,
Control unit 30 is according to the duty requirements signal received, it is judged which kind of shape current bull-dozer is in
State, and export the switching signal of corresponding power source.
Below as a example by the actual job of bull-dozer, illustrate described driving means is how to work
's.
As a example by circulation dozing, bull-dozer is from the beginning of state E, and start to walk low-speed forward, i.e.
Entrance state B, the second motor assembly 25, as power source, starts dozing afterwards, and second
The driving motor of motor assembly 25 increases moment of torsion output, and the speed of bull-dozer is interval at low speed, i.e.
Entrance state C, in the process, if super high power dozing occurs in bull-dozer, is then carried out
Switching b, starts the driving motor of the first motor assembly 24, enters state D, dozing one
Segment distance, when needing bull-dozer stopping rapid backward, can first make bull-dozer enter through switching c
State B, then make the driving motor reduction of the second motor assembly 25 to quitting work, i.e. enter shape
State E；Bull-dozer enters state B from state E afterwards, and ease astern, when astern speed increases
To boundary value (low speed and quick boundary value), enter state A through switching a, until retreating
To destination, then enter state B through switching a, and make the driving motor of the second motor assembly 25
Reduction of speed, to quitting work, i.e. enters state E.So circulation, completes dozing.
As a example by position adjustment operation, bull-dozer is from the beginning of state E, and starting carries out turning to adjustment,
Period can be braked one of them Athey wheel 29 by brake unit and be realized turning to, and is now state
B, the second motor assembly 25 is as power source, after direction has adjusted, can enter through switching a
State A, bull-dozer fast forwards through to destination, then enters state B, by shape through switching a
State B enters state E, completes position adjustment.
As above, bull-dozer can select the first motor assembly 24 according to different operating modes when operation
With or the second motor assembly 25 as power source, make the first motor assembly 24 driving motor and
The driving motor of the second motor assembly 25 is all operated near efficient district, particularly rated power,
Work efficiency and the whole efficiency of bull-dozer driving motor can not only be improved, it is also possible to extend
Drive the service life of motor, thus extend the time between overhauls(TBO) of bull-dozer.
In addition to the driving means of above-mentioned bull-dozer, the present invention also provides for a kind of bull-dozer, including
Running gear and the driving means of the described running gear of driving, described driving means is any of the above-described
The driving means of the bull-dozer described in Xiang.Specifically, described bull-dozer can be that hybrid power pushes away
Soil machine.
Owing to the driving means of above-mentioned bull-dozer has above-mentioned technique effect, so including this driving
The bull-dozer of device also has corresponding technique effect, repeats no more here.
Above bull-dozer provided by the present invention and driving means thereof are all described in detail.
Principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, above
The explanation of embodiment is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention.Should refer to
Go out, for those skilled in the art, before without departing from the principle of the invention
Putting, it is also possible to the present invention is carried out some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also falls into
In the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the driving means of a bull-dozer, it is characterised in that including:
First motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels；
Second motor assembly, same drives two Athey wheels, and its rated power is more than described the
One motor assembly；
Control unit, control described first motor assembly and or described second motor assembly output dynamic
Power or cut-out power output.
2. the driving means of bull-dozer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also wrap
Include:
Power coupling mechanism, by described first motor assembly and the output of described second motor assembly
Power coupling；
Intermediate transmission mechanism, distributes the output power of described power coupling mechanism and passes eventually to two
Motivation structure；
Two described whole drive mechanisms drive two described Athey wheels respectively.
3. the driving means of bull-dozer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described
First motor assembly and described second motor assembly all include driving motor and lock-up clutch；Institute
State lock-up clutch to separate, cut off described driving motor defeated to the power of described power coupling mechanism
Going out, described lock-up clutch engages, and recovers described driving motor to described power coupling mechanism
Power exports.
4. the driving means of bull-dozer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
First motor assembly and described second motor assembly all include variator, the speed change of described variator
Ratio matches with corresponding described driving motor.
5. the driving means of the bull-dozer as described in any one of Claims 1-4, its feature
It is, the rated power of described first motor assembly and the most unloaded traveling work of described bull-dozer
Condition matches；The rated power of described second motor assembly and the soil-shifting work at a slow speed of described bull-dozer
Condition matches.
6. the driving means of the bull-dozer as described in any one of Claims 1-4, its feature
It is, also includes for driving described first motor assembly and the generating of described second motor assembly
Machine.
7. the driving means of bull-dozer as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that also wrap
Include the electromotor driving described electromotor.
8. the driving means of the bull-dozer as described in any one of Claims 1-4, its feature
It is, also includes the energy storage equipment being connected with described electromotor.
9. the driving means of bull-dozer as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described
Energy storage equipment is super capacitor.
10. a bull-dozer, including running gear and the driving means of the described running gear of driving,
It is characterized in that, described driving means is the bull-dozer described in any one of claim 1 to 9
Driving means.
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| CN201410188619.XA CN104005447B (en) | 2014-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Bull-dozer and driving means thereof |
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| CN201410188619.XA CN104005447B (en) | 2014-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Bull-dozer and driving means thereof |
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| CN104345736B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2017-08-11 | 济南优柏电子科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic guide vehicle AGV driver elements of tape starting device |
| US11254205B2 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2022-02-22 | Dana Heavy Vehicle Systems Group, Llc | Electric axle assembly |
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| US5989096A (en) * | 1997-02-11 | 1999-11-23 | Rokenbok Toy Company | Toy fork lift vehicle with improved steering |
| JP3969068B2 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2007-08-29 | コベルコ建機株式会社 | Actuator drive device for hybrid work machine |
| CN101380976A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-11 | 张战捷 | Electric drive wheel transmission device of crawler equipment |
| CN101327794A (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2008-12-24 | 北京理工大学 | Power backward control method for crawler hybrid power vehicle |
| CN102069702B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2013-04-10 | 吉林大学 | Electric drive earthmover travelling driving device |
| CN202574365U (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-12-05 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Combined unit of electric drive and hydraulic differential steering and bulldozer |
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