CN104005447A - Bulldozer and driving device thereof - Google Patents
Bulldozer and driving device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104005447A CN104005447A CN201410188619.XA CN201410188619A CN104005447A CN 104005447 A CN104005447 A CN 104005447A CN 201410188619 A CN201410188619 A CN 201410188619A CN 104005447 A CN104005447 A CN 104005447A
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- motor assembly
- bulldozer
- drive unit
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- drive
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bulldozer and a driving device of the bulldozer. The driving device comprises a first motor assembly, a second motor assembly and a control unit, the first motor assembly drives two crawler wheels, the second motor assembly drives two crawler wheels, and the rated power of the second motor assembly is larger than that of the first motor assembly. The control unit controls the first motor assembly and/or the second motor assembly to output power or cut off power output. According to the driving device of the bulldozer, the first motor assembly and/or the second motor assembly can be selected as a power source according to the working condition of the bulldozer, it is guaranteed that the first motor assembly and the second motor assembly work in an efficient area, the work efficiency of the first motor assembly and the second motor assembly can be improved, and the service life of the first motor assembly and the second motor assembly can be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of engineering machinery, particularly relate to a kind of bulldozer and drive unit thereof.
Background technology
Please refer to Fig. 1, the operating principle schematic diagram of the drive unit that Fig. 1 is existing bulldozer.
Existing bulldozer is generated electricity by driven by engine generator, thereby the electric energy drive motors of generation drives bulldozer to complete work in every.As shown in fig. 1, motor 11 and generator 12 series connection, change the mechanical energy of motor 11 into electric energy, after electric energy transmits by high voltage transmission line, by two identical drive motors 13 of rated power, convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, through two identical whole deceleration systems 14, drive respectively two wheels 15 again, realize bulldozer craspedodrome, turn to and bringing onto load work.
Wherein, generator 12 is connected with super capacitor 16 by high voltage transmission line, and when the generated energy of generator 12 is greater than or less than the demand of drive motors 13, super capacitor 16 is recyclable or discharge electric energy, to guarantee the stability of the smooth-going and voltage of curent change.
Yet there is following technical problem in such scheme:
The first, bulldozer is worked conventionally under two kinds of operating modes, and the first is for there being load behavior, i.e. low speed dozing operating mode, and the second is idle condition, advances fast or retreats operating mode.During bulldozer work, meeting frequent transitions between load behavior and idle condition, thereby cause two drive motors 13 in most cases, be operated in the less load of larger rotating speed and less rotating speed compared with under two operating modes of heavy load, and the efficacious workaround of drive motors 13 cannot cover above-mentioned two operating modes simultaneously, the inefficiency that causes drive motors 13, has shortened application life of drive motors 13 greatly, has shortened the time between overhauls(TBO) of bulldozer;
The second, two wheel 15 driven separately by two identical drive motors 13 of rated power, in soil-shifting, advance in process, the resistance that bulldozing shovel blade is subject to is in the horizontal unsuitable, in most cases, the bulldozing resistance that the bulldozing shovel blade left and right sides is subject to differs larger, there is resistance difference, and this resistance difference is constantly to change, and bulldozer is when advance, under default situations, two drive motors 13 can distribute identical moment of torsion or speed demand, when the resistance that is subject to when the bulldozing shovel blade left and right sides is different, HCU (Hybrid Control Unit, hybrid power control module) can to the torque demand of drive motors 13, adjust according to actual conditions, but adjusting, this needs a process, and described resistance difference changes constantly, the actual speed that has caused two drive motors is unequal as a rule, bulldozer is difficult to according to the straight-line travelling of expection in soil-shifting process, there is deviation phenomenon, thereby cannot meet the functional requirement of bulldozer when dozing.
In view of this, how improving the operating efficiency of the drive motors of bulldozer, extend its application life, is the current technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of bulldozer and drive unit thereof, this drive unit can make drive motors be operated in efficient district, has extended the application life of drive motors, has promoted the whole efficiency of bulldozer simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of drive unit of bulldozer, comprising:
The first motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels;
The second motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels equally, and its rated power is greater than described the first motor assembly;
Control module, control described the first motor assembly and or described the second motor assembly outputting power or cut off power output.
The drive unit of bulldozer provided by the invention has improved the form of motor assembly drive Athey wheel, and single motor total performance can drive two Athey wheels, and the rated power of the second motor assembly is greater than the first motor assembly; Because single motor total performance can drive two Athey wheels, can select according to operating mode demand the power source of two Athey wheels, the lower load of rotating speed of bulldozer is larger, can select the second motor assembly that rated power is larger to drive two Athey wheels, makes the second motor assembly work in efficient district; The rotating speed higher load of bulldozer is lower, can select the first motor assembly that rated power is less to drive two Athey wheels, makes the first motor assembly work in efficient district; So, avoided in background technology different operating modes by same driven by motor Athey wheel, motor cannot work in the problem in efficient district, has improved the operating efficiency of the first motor assembly and the second motor assembly, and has extended the application life of the first motor assembly and the second motor assembly.
Preferably, also comprise:
Power coupling mechanism, by the outputting power coupling of described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly;
Intermediate transmission mechanism, is dispensed to two whole transmission mechanisms by the outputting power of described power coupling mechanism;
Two described whole transmission mechanisms drive respectively two described Athey wheels.
Preferably, described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly include drive motors and lock-up clutch; Described lock-up clutch is separated, cuts off described drive motors to the power output of described power coupling mechanism, and described lock-up clutch engages, and recovers described drive motors to the power output of described power coupling mechanism.
Preferably, described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly include speed changer, and the gear ratio of described speed changer matches with corresponding described drive motors.
Preferably, the quick zero load of the rated power of described the first motor assembly and the described bulldozer operating mode of advancing matches; The rated power of described the second motor assembly and the soil-shifting operating mode at a slow speed of described bulldozer match.
Preferably, also comprise for driving the generator of described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly.
Preferably, also comprise the motor that drives described generator.
Preferably, also comprise the energy storage equipment being connected with described generator.
Preferably, described energy storage equipment is super capacitor.
The present invention also provides a kind of bulldozer, comprises the drive unit of running gear and the described running gear of driving, and described drive unit is the drive unit of the bulldozer described in above-mentioned any one.
Because the drive unit of above-mentioned bulldozer has above-mentioned technique effect, so comprise that the bulldozer of this drive unit also has corresponding technique effect, repeats no more here.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the operating principle schematic diagram of the drive unit of existing hybrid power bulldozer;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the drive unit of a kind of hybrid power bulldozer provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of intermediate transmission mechanism in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of whole transmission mechanism in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 1:
Motor 11, generator 12, drive motors 13, whole deceleration system 14, wheel 15, super capacitor 16;
In Fig. 2-4:
Motor 21, generator 22, super capacitor 23, the first motor assembly 24, the second motor assemblies 25, power coupling mechanism 26, intermediate transmission mechanism 27, whole transmission mechanism 28, Athey wheel 29, control module 30.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present invention is to provide a kind of bulldozer and drive unit thereof, and this drive unit can make drive motors be operated in efficient district, has extended the application life of drive motors, has promoted the whole efficiency of bulldozer simultaneously.
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand better the present invention program, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2, the structural representation of the drive unit that Fig. 2 is a kind of bulldozer provided by the present invention.
In this embodiment, the drive unit of bulldozer comprises motor 21 and generator 22; Motor 21 is for driving generator 22 generatings.
Described drive unit also comprises the first motor assembly 24, drives two Athey wheels 29 of bulldozer; The second motor assembly 25, drives two Athey wheels 29 equally, and the rated power of the second motor assembly 25 is greater than the first motor assembly 24.The electric energy conversion that the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 can produce generator 22 be mechanical energy, drives two Athey wheels 29 of bulldozer, with realize bulldozer craspedodrome, turn to and bringing onto load work.
Certainly, when actual setting, also can drive the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 with other devices.
Described drive unit also comprises control module 30, this control module 30 control first motor assemblies 24 and or the second motor assembly 25 outputting powers or cut off power output; Be that control module 30 can be controlled the first motor assembly 24 two Athey wheels 29 of drive separately as required, or two Athey wheels 29 of the second motor assembly 25 independent drives, or the first motor assembly 24 drives two Athey wheels 29 together with the second motor assembly 25.
As above design, can select according to operating mode demand the power source of two Athey wheels 29; The lower load of rotating speed of bulldozer is larger, can select the second motor assembly 25 that rated power is larger to drive two Athey wheels 29, makes the second motor assembly 25 work in efficient district; The rotating speed higher load of bulldozer is lower, can select the first motor assembly 24 that rated power is less to drive two Athey wheels 29, makes the first motor assembly 24 also work in efficient district; Like this, avoided in background technology bulldozer in different operating modes by same driven by motor Athey wheel, motor cannot often work in the problem in efficient district, has improved the operating efficiency of the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25, has improved the whole work efficiency of bulldozer simultaneously; And in the application life that has extended the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25, the time between overhauls(TBO) can be extended.
Particularly, the transmission of power between the first motor assembly 24,25 to two Athey wheels 29 of the second motor assembly completes by transmission mechanism, and described transmission mechanism comprises power coupling mechanism 26, intermediate transmission mechanism 27 and two whole transmission mechanisms 28.
Wherein, power coupling mechanism 26 is for being coupled the outputting power of the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25.Particularly, this power coupling mechanism 26 comprises two driving wheels and a driven pulley; Two described driving wheels are connected with the output shaft of the first motor assembly 24, the output shaft of the second motor assembly 25 respectively, described driven pulley and two described driving wheel engagements, and be connected with the output shaft of power coupling mechanism 26.Two described driving wheels can design according to the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 gearratio of described driven pulley.
The output shaft of power coupling mechanism 26 is connected with the power shaft of intermediate transmission mechanism 27, and intermediate transmission mechanism 27 drives respectively two Athey wheels 29 for the outputting power of power coupling mechanism 26 being dispensed to 28, two whole transmission mechanisms 28 of two whole transmission mechanisms.
Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of intermediate transmission mechanism in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of whole transmission mechanism in Fig. 2.The direction of arrow in figure represents the input and output of power.
In this embodiment, intermediate transmission mechanism 27 is bevel gear transmission, and the outputting power of power coupling mechanism 26 transmits through intermediate transmission mechanism 27, realizes power and distributes to the output shaft two ends of intermediate transmission mechanism 27.
During actual setting, intermediate transmission mechanism 27, except above-mentioned bevel gear transmission, can also be set to other transmission mechanisms, as long as can realize power distribution to output shaft two ends.
Whole transmission mechanism 28 comprises clutch, brake, the outputting power of intermediate transmission mechanism 27 is after the power shaft input of whole transmission mechanism 28, first pass through clutch, brake, then through secondary drive mechanism, slow down and increasing is turned round, finally by output shaft, output power.
The outputting power of above-mentioned the first motor assembly 24, the second motor assembly 25 is exported by power coupling mechanism 26, through intermediate transmission mechanism 27, be dispensed to two whole transmission mechanisms 28, by two whole transmission mechanisms 28, drive two Athey wheels 29 again, the transmission mechanism of this kind of transmission of power is gear engagement and transmits, avoided the bulldozer sideslip problem that independently drives respectively Athey wheel to produce because of two motors in background technology, guaranteed that the straight line of bulldozer is bulldozed and driving functions.
In concrete scheme, the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 include drive motors and lock-up clutch; Described lock-up clutch is separated, cuts off described drive motors to the power output of power coupling mechanism 26, and described lock-up clutch engages, and recovers described drive motors to the power output of power coupling mechanism 26.That is to say, if while only needing the first motor assembly 24 as power source, exportable first motor assembly 24 that controls signal to accordingly of control module 30, makes the drive motors outputting power of the first motor assembly 24, and makes the lock-up clutch of the first motor assembly 24 in engagement state.
Further, the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 include speed changer, and the gear ratio of described speed changer matches with corresponding described drive motors; The speed changer of the first motor assembly 24 mates design with the drive motors of the first motor assembly 24, the speed changer of the second motor assembly 25 mates design with the drive motors of the second motor assembly 25, the coupling design here refers to the gear ratio setting of speed changer, make its corresponding drive motors in when work near rated speed separately, further to improve the operating efficiency of described drive motors.The drive motors of the first motor assembly 24 works in the operating mode that rotating speed higher load is lower, the drive motors of the second motor assembly 25 works in the higher operating mode of the lower load of rotating speed, while obviously specifically arranging, the gear ratio of the speed changer of the first motor assembly 24 is less than the gear ratio of the speed changer of the second motor assembly 25.
Further, described drive unit also comprises the energy storage equipment being connected with generator 22; Particularly, this energy storage equipment is connected with generator 22 by high voltage transmission line, when the workload demands of bulldozer is less than the generated energy of generator 22, the part electric energy of generator 22 be used for driving the first motor assembly 24 and or the second motor assembly 25, all the other electric energy can be stored in energy storage equipment; When the workload demands of bulldozer is greater than the generated energy of generator 22, energy storage equipment discharges electric energy, with generator 22 common drive the first motor assemblies 24 and or the second motor assembly 25.
Arranging of energy storage equipment can be avoided energy dissipation.Particularly, energy storage equipment can be made as super capacitor 23, can charge rapidly, discharge, and satisfies the demands.Certainly also can be made as other energy storage equipments as required.
The operating mode of bulldozer comprises following several: fast zero load advance or retreat, zero load is advanced or is retreated and dozing at a slow speed.In reality, during bulldozer soil-shifting work, can carry out following operation cycle: bulldoze and advance at a slow speed, retreat fast, turn to adjustment, bulldoze and advance at a slow speed, known, two kinds of common operating modes of bulldozer are that quick zero load is advanced and dozing at a slow speed, so, when specifically arranging, can make the rated power of the first motor assembly 24 and the quick zero load of the bulldozer operating mode of advancing match, the operating mode of dozing at a slow speed of the rated power of the second motor assembly 25 and bulldozer matches, thereby, make the first motor assembly 24 and the second 25 mosts of the time of motor assembly work in efficient district.
In addition, bulldozer, when operation, if there is the situation of super high power dozing, can make the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 outputting power simultaneously, drives together two Athey wheels 29.
It is pointed out that above-mentioned fast and by the speed of a motor vehicle of bulldozer, judged at a slow speed, and the boundary value of the speed of a motor vehicle can obtain by control strategy optimization; The watt level of bulldozer dozing, the performance number of being exported by bulldozer judges, and the boundary value of power also can obtain by control strategy optimization.
During work, bulldozer comprises following state:
State A: the quick zero load of bulldozer is advanced, retreated, is driven separately by the first motor assembly 24;
State B: bulldozer at a slow speed zero load advances, retreats or turns, is driven separately by the second motor assembly 25;
State C: bulldozer dozing, is driven separately by the second motor assembly 25;
State D: bulldozer super high power dozing, is driven jointly by the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25;
State E: bulldozer does not move.
The practical work process of bulldozer is the handoff procedure of above-mentioned five kinds of states, is embodied in the handoff procedure of power source.
Particularly, the switching of power source comprises following several handoff procedure:
Switch a: the one of power source in the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 switched to another one, the power output of the drive motors of one is decreased to zero, and separated its lock-up clutch, simultaneously, the power output of the drive motors of another one increases to desired value, and makes its lock-up clutch in engagement state;
Switch b: the one of power source in the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 switched to both, and the power output of the drive motors of outputting power does not increase to desired value, and makes the lock-up clutch corresponding with it in engagement state;
Switch c: power source by the first motor assembly 24 and the second motor assembly 25 both wherein one switch, the power output that will cancel the drive motors of power output is decreased to zero, and separated its corresponding lock-up clutch.
It is pointed out that in order to guarantee the stationarity of bulldozer, in above-mentioned three kinds of handoff procedures, the power output of controlling drive motors by control module 30 has process and increases or reduce.
During work, driver sends operating mode desired signal according to need of work to control module 30, and control module 30, according to received operating mode desired signal, judges current bulldozer is in which kind of state, and exports the switching signal of corresponding power source.
The actual job of bulldozer of take is below example, illustrates how described drive unit works.
Take circulation dozing as example, bulldozer is from state E, starting low-speed forward, B gets the hang of, the second motor assembly 25 is as power source, start afterwards dozing, the drive motors of the second motor assembly 25 increases moment of torsion output, the speed of a motor vehicle of bulldozer is between low regime, C gets the hang of, in this process, if there is super high power dozing in bulldozer, switch b, start the drive motors of the first motor assembly 24, D gets the hang of, dozing one segment distance, when needing bulldozer to stop and retreating fast, can first make the bulldozer B that gets the hang of through switching c, make again the drive motors reduction of speed of the second motor assembly 25 to quitting work, E gets the hang of, bulldozer is from the state E B that gets the hang of afterwards, ease astern, when astern speed is increased to boundary value (low speed and fast boundary value), through switching a A that gets the hang of, until retreat to destination, again through switching a B that gets the hang of, and make the drive motors reduction of speed of the second motor assembly 25 to quitting work, E gets the hang of.So circulation, completes dozing.
The position adjustment operation of take is example, bulldozer is from state E, and starting turns to adjustment, during can brake one of them Athey wheel 29 by check mechanism and realize and turning to, be now state B, the second motor assembly 25 is as power source, after direction adjustment completes, and can be through switching a A that gets the hang of, bulldozer advances to behind destination fast, again through switching a B that gets the hang of, by the state B E that gets the hang of, completing place is adjusted.
As above, bulldozer when operation can according to different operating modes select the first motor assembly 24 and or the second motor assembly 25 as power source, make the drive motors of the first motor assembly 24 and the drive motors of the second motor assembly 25 all be operated in efficient district, particularly near rated power, not only can improve the operating efficiency of drive motors and the whole efficiency of bulldozer, also can extend the application life of drive motors, thereby extend the time between overhauls(TBO) of bulldozer.
Except the drive unit of above-mentioned bulldozer, the present invention also provides a kind of bulldozer, comprises the drive unit of running gear and the described running gear of driving, and described drive unit is the drive unit of the bulldozer described in above-mentioned any one.Particularly, described bulldozer can be hybrid power bulldozer.
Because the drive unit of above-mentioned bulldozer has above-mentioned technique effect, so comprise that the bulldozer of this drive unit also has corresponding technique effect, repeats no more here.
Above bulldozer provided by the present invention and drive unit thereof are all described in detail.Applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a drive unit for bulldozer, is characterized in that, comprising:
The first motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels;
The second motor assembly, drives two Athey wheels equally, and its rated power is greater than described the first motor assembly;
Control module, control described the first motor assembly and or described the second motor assembly outputting power or cut off power output.
2. the drive unit of hybrid power bulldozer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Power coupling mechanism, by the outputting power coupling of described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly;
Intermediate transmission mechanism, is dispensed to two whole transmission mechanisms by the outputting power of described power coupling mechanism;
Two described whole transmission mechanisms drive respectively two described Athey wheels.
3. the drive unit of bulldozer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly include drive motors and lock-up clutch; Described lock-up clutch is separated, cuts off described drive motors to the power output of described power coupling mechanism, and described lock-up clutch engages, and recovers described drive motors to the power output of described power coupling mechanism.
4. the drive unit of bulldozer as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly include speed changer, and the gear ratio of described speed changer matches with corresponding described drive motors.
5. the drive unit of the bulldozer as described in claim 1 to 4 any one, is characterized in that, the quick zero load of the rated power of described the first motor assembly and the described bulldozer operating mode of advancing matches; The rated power of described the second motor assembly and the soil-shifting operating mode at a slow speed of described bulldozer match.
6. the drive unit of the bulldozer as described in claim 1 to 4 any one, is characterized in that, also comprises for driving the generator of described the first motor assembly and described the second motor assembly.
7. the drive unit of bulldozer as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises the motor that drives described generator.
8. the drive unit of the bulldozer as described in claim 1 to 4 any one, is characterized in that, also comprises the energy storage equipment being connected with described generator.
9. the drive unit of bulldozer as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described energy storage equipment is super capacitor.
10. a bulldozer, comprises running gear and the drive unit that drives described running gear, it is characterized in that, described drive unit is the drive unit of the bulldozer described in claim 1 to 9 any one.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410188619.XA CN104005447B (en) | 2014-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Bull-dozer and driving means thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410188619.XA CN104005447B (en) | 2014-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Bull-dozer and driving means thereof |
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| CN104005447A true CN104005447A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| CN104005447B CN104005447B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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| CN201410188619.XA Active CN104005447B (en) | 2014-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Bull-dozer and driving means thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104345736A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-11 | 济南优柏电子科技有限公司 | AGV (automatic guided vehicle) driving unit with starting device |
| CN111806156A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 德纳重型车辆系统集团有限责任公司 | Electric bridge assembly |
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| CN111806156A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 德纳重型车辆系统集团有限责任公司 | Electric bridge assembly |
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| CN104005447B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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