The control method of a kind of flue gas SNCR denitration control device and use thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flue gas SNCR denitration technology of Air Pollution prevention and control, particularly relate to the control method of denitrating flue gas control device and use thereof.
Background technology
The energy-consuming of China, based on coal, produces a certain amount of nitrogen oxide (NO in coal combustion process
x), NO
xnO and NO containing different amount
2obtain gas general name.NO
xbe toxic gas, not only serious harm human respiratory and cardiovascular health, causes pulmonary edema even canceration, and is one of main reason of acid rain and photochemical pollution, damage the ozone layer, damage animals and plants, cause greenhouse effects.The nitrogen oxide of domestic about 65% produced by coal combustion at present, and station boiler, Industrial Boiler, cement kiln etc. therefore as main coal combustion equipment are control NO
xthe emphasis of discharge.
Governing measure main in prior art has: SNCR method (ammonia-method denitration and SNCR), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR).Wherein SCR denitration efficiency is very high, can reach 70% ~ 90% in industry, but investment large, the catalyst involved great expense need be adopted, operating cost is high, and needs place to arrange huge SCR reactor.SNCR is then direct is reactor with boiler furnace, by NO
xbe reduced into N
2, not spent catalyst, therefore investment and operating cost reduce greatly, are applicable to old unit denitration transformation.This technology take burner hearth as reactor, sprays into burner hearth 850 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C temperature ranges by containing amino reducing agent (in industry conventional be ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid), the NO in reducing agent and flue gas
xreact, generate nitrogen and water, and oxygen in flue gas is few and reducing agent reacts, thus reach NO
xthe effect of selective reduction.
In SNCR denitration process, the injection rate controlling reducing agent is extremely important.The injection rate of reducing agent should ensure enough ammonia and NO
xreaction, to reduce the NO in the flue gas of discharge
xcontent, avoid again excess of ammonia escape after be discharged in air with the flue gas after denitration.Excess of ammonia gas is escaped not only increases cost, and has certain danger, causes secondary pollution.In SNCR denitration technology, the selection of temperature window is extremely important simultaneously.When temperature is too low, NH
3not exclusively, there is the escaping of ammonia, cause secondary pollution in reaction; When temperature is too high, NH
3then be oxidized to NO
x, increase NO on the contrary
xdischarge.Therefore, SNCR just can only can play good denitration effect in a very narrow temperature window.
In order to improve the consumption of SNCR denitration efficiency and reduction reducing agent, therefore people need the control method of a kind of new flue gas SNCR denitration control device and use thereof.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, reduce ammonia escape ratio in SCR equipment for denitrifying flue gas, make the denitration efficiency of ammonia the highest; The control method of a kind of denitration of boiler smoke device and use thereof is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of flue gas selective non-catalytic reduction method (SNCR) denitration control method, comprises Site Detection module, self-adaptive control module, display module; Site Detection module uses the temperature T above sensor measurement boiler grate and measures the nitrogen oxide (NO of described boiler exhaust gas
x) concentration, reducing agent ammonia concentration, flue gas flow and spray gun cooling water temperature; Self-adaptive control module delivers to the position of PLC unit Self Adaptive Control spray gun, reducing agent quantity delivered, injection of reducing agent injection pressure measurement value sensor; And the operating mode of whole device is shown at display module.
Use the temperature T above fire grate described in sensor measurement, and open suitable nozzle by following relationship:
T>1100 DEG C or T<850 DEG C time, shut-off nozzle rifle, simultaneously jet gun exits from boiler;
During 1000 DEG C of <T<1100 DEG C, open the upstream lance ejection of boiler smoke rising area;
During 900 DEG C of <T<1000 DEG C, open the middle reaches lance ejection of boiler smoke rising area;
During 850 DEG C of <T<900 DEG C, open the downstream lance ejection of boiler smoke rising area;
Use the nitrous oxides concentration of boiler exhaust gas described in sensor measurement, the rotating speed passing through surveyed concentration value dynamic feedback control reducing agent ammonia feed pump controls the dosage of ammonia.(this ammonia addition is dynamic, according to the nitrogen oxide (NO in boiler
x) concentration determines)
Use the flue gas flow of boiler described in sensor measurement, pass through the rotating speed of surveyed flue gas flow value dynamic feedback control air compressor machine, with suitable pressure (pressure is for 0.3 ~ 0.6MPa), injection of reducing agent is injected burner hearth.
Further, by the sampling period of every 1-2 second during sensor measurement, temperature, the nitrous oxides concentration of boiler exhaust gas, flue gas flow, nitrogen oxide (NO above the fire grate obtaining scene after using the 3-5 group data weighted average measured recently
x) concentration, cooling water temperature;
Further, described PLC processor connects each sensor by data wire, and the measurement gathering each sensor described is analyzed, and is sent to display module by Ethernet or internet and is stored and show.
Use the temperature of spray gun cooling water described in sensor measurement, pass through the rotating speed of the temperature dynamic FEEDBACK CONTROL feed pump of surveyed cooling water, when water temperature is higher than 90 DEG C, shut-off nozzle rifle, jet gun exits from boiler simultaneously.
By the nitrous oxides concentration of the temperature above sensor measurement fire grate and boiler exhaust gas, flue gas flow and spray gun cooling water temperature; In the sampling period of every 1-2 second, after using the 5 groups of data weighted averages measured recently, obtain temperature, the nitrous oxides concentration of boiler exhaust gas, flue gas flow, the cooling water temperature above on-the-spot fire grate.
Further, the control method that a kind of flue gas SNCR denitration uses, comprising: the nitrous oxides concentration using boiler exhaust gas described in sensor measurement, passes through the surveyed rotating speed of concentration value dynamic feedback control reducing agent feed pump or the rotating speed of air compressor machine.
Committed step of the present invention is also, comprises, and measures the NO of the temperature T above fire grate, boiler exhaust gas
xconcentration A, ammonia concentration Y, flue gas flow L, and controlled by following relation:
NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is greater than settings, and during A/Y>8, control by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing reducing agent feed pump, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is greater than settings, and during A/Y<8, control by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
NH
3when concentration of emission Y is greater than settings, and during A/Y>8, controls by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, prevent ammonia from escaping.
NH
3when concentration of emission Y is greater than settings, and during A/Y<8, controls by PLC PID the rotating speed reducing reducing agent feed pump, prevent ammonia from escaping.
NH
3concentration Y and NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is greater than settings simultaneously, control by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, and PLC PID controls the rotating speed increasing reducing agent feed pump, nozzle is excessive by upstream toward downstream simultaneously, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
NH
3concentration Y and NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is less than settings simultaneously, control by PLC PID the rotating speed reducing air compressor machine, and PLC PID controls the rotating speed reducing reducing agent feed pump, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
And survey ammonia concentration when increasing by 1 times within 10 seconds, close upstream and midstream jetted layers, directly open downstream injection layer, same to alarm.Use the NO of boiler exhaust gas described in sensor measurement
xconcentration, survey NO
xwhen concentration increases by 1 times within 5 seconds, close downstream and midstream jetted layers, directly open upstream and open jetted layers, same to alarm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the most critical control point being controlled flue gas SNCR denitration by simpler and clearer control device and method, control method is mainly by the NO of the temperature T above kinetic measurement fire grate, boiler exhaust gas
xfour or five parameters such as concentration A, ammonia concentration Y, flue gas flow control the efficiency improving SNCR denitration device, give full play to the effect requirement of satisfied temperature (can) of ammonia reducing agent, implementation process is relatively simple and easy, implement to prove, denitration respond well, and reduce system operation cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of a SNCR denitration device of the present invention and sensor measurement point position thereof.
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the Self Adaptive Control flow chart of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the control circuit block diagram of embodiments of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
In order to improve SNCR denitration efficiency and reduce operating cost, people need the control method of a kind of flue gas SNCR denitration control device and use thereof.The present invention by kinetic measurement correlation, and carries out Self Adaptive Control to improve SNCR denitration efficiency.The method can effectively reduce denitration outlet place NO
xthe escape problem of concentration and ammonia, avoids the secondary pollution to upstream device.
The present invention uses in sensor measurement SNCR denitration device the NO measuring temperature T above fire grate, boiler exhaust gas
xconcentration A, ammonia concentration Y, flue gas flow, finally make SNCR denitration device run under the state of the best by measured aggregation of data analysis.
Fig. 1 is the SNCR denitration device of one embodiment of the present of invention and the schematic diagram of sensor measurement point position thereof.As shown in FIG., measuring tempeature sensor is positioned at above fire grate, uses sensor measurement NO in tail gas
xconcentration A, ammonia concentration Y, flue gas flow.Temperature survey 2 in figure above NOX concentration, ammonia concentration, flue gas flow measurement 1, fire grate, exhanst gas outlet 3, boiler 4, jetted layers 5.
Generally, we adopt electrochemical sensor to measure the concentration of ammonia, and concentration unit is ppm (1,000,000/); Measure nitrous oxides concentration by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, concentration unit is also ppm; Adopt ammonia flow flowmeter measurement ammonia flow, the unit that flow adopts is m3/s.
Be illustrated in figure 2 the control flow chart of embodiments of the invention, comprise the steps:
1, outlet NO is set
xconcentration, ammonia concentration (artificially arranging);
2, cooling water temperature is measured;
3, judge that whether cooling water temperature is more than 90 DEG C, as automatically exited jet gun more than 90 DEG C;
4, automatically cooling water feed pump is regulated;
5, boiler temperature is measured;
6, the position of jet gun is automatically selected;
7, flue gas flow is measured;
8, PID regulates the rotating speed of air compressor machine automatically;
9, outlet NO is measured
xconcentration, ammonia concentration;
10, comparing with settings, as being greater than settings, entering adaptive control system;
11, so move in circles, whole system is run in the best condition.
Be illustrated in figure 3 the Self Adaptive Control flow chart of embodiments of the invention, comprise the steps:
1, outlet NO is measured
xconcentration, ammonia concentration
2, compare with settings;
3, NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is greater than settings, and during A/Y>8, control by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing reducing agent feed pump, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is greater than settings, and during A/Y<8, control by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
NH
3when concentration of emission Y is greater than settings, and during A/Y>8, controls by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, prevent ammonia from escaping.
NH
3when concentration of emission Y is greater than settings, and during A/Y<8, controls by PLC PID the rotating speed reducing reducing agent feed pump, prevent ammonia from escaping.
NH
3concentration Y and NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is greater than settings simultaneously, control by PLC PID the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, and PLC PID controls the rotating speed increasing reducing agent feed pump, nozzle is excessive by upstream toward downstream simultaneously, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
NH
3concentration Y and NO
xwhen concentration of emission A is less than settings simultaneously, control by PLC PID the rotating speed reducing air compressor machine, and PLC PID controls the rotating speed reducing reducing agent feed pump, to ensure best denitration efficiency.
The control circuit block diagram of embodiments of the invention as shown in Figure 4.Comprise PLC control unit, and NOx concentration sensor, flue gas flow sensor; Ammonia concentration sensor; With boiler temperature sensor; Cooling-water temperature sensor.Above-mentioned 5 sensors send PLC to data as required, and described PLC exports and control effectively to nozzle location, cooling water pump rotating speed, reducing agent pump, rotational speed of air compressor.
Use the data of sensor measurement, PLC (ProgrammableLogicController is programmable logic controller (PLC)) is sent to by data wire, LC is by data wire connecting sensor, and according to the data of time cycle pick-up transducers preset, process calculates, and automatically carries out the running status adjusting whole device.
Here is enforcement of the present invention:
Embodiment 1: a kind of denitrating flue gas SNCR device, the ammonia concentration arranging its exit requires as 10ppm, the NO in exit
xconcentration requirement is 80ppm.Sensor measurement obtains the NO that exit ammonia concentration Y is 9ppm, exit
xconcentration A is 100ppm.According to adaptive control system, A/Y is greater than settings 8.The automatic PID of PLC controls the rotating speed increasing reducing agent feed pump, makes NO
xexit concentration meets and arranges requirement.
Embodiment 2: a kind of denitrating flue gas SNCR device, the ammonia concentration arranging its exit requires as 10ppm, the NO in exit
xconcentration requirement is 70ppm.Sensor measurement obtains the NO that exit ammonia concentration Y is 9ppm, exit
xconcentration A is 80ppm.According to adaptive control system, A/Y is less than settings 8.The automatic PID of PLC controls the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, makes NO
xexit concentration meets and arranges requirement.
Embodiment 3: a kind of denitrating flue gas SNCR device, the ammonia concentration arranging its exit requires as 10ppm, the NO in exit
xconcentration requirement is 80ppm.Sensor measurement obtains the NO that exit ammonia concentration is 18ppm, exit
xconcentration is 60ppm.According to adaptive control system, A/Y is less than settings 8, and the automatic PID of system-computed PLC controls the rotating speed reducing reducing agent feed pump, prevents ammonia from escaping.
Embodiment 4: a kind of denitrating flue gas SNCR device, the ammonia concentration arranging its exit requires as 10ppm, the NO in exit
xconcentration requirement is 100ppm.Sensor measurement obtains the NO that exit ammonia concentration is 11ppm, exit
xconcentration is 90ppm.According to adaptive control system, A/Y is greater than settings 8.The automatic PID of system-computed PLC controls the rotating speed increasing air compressor machine, prevents ammonia from escaping.
Embodiment 5: a kind of denitrating flue gas SNCR device, the ammonia concentration arranging its exit requires as 10ppm, the NO in exit
xconcentration requirement is 80ppm.Sensor measurement obtains the NO that exit ammonia concentration is 12ppm, exit
xconcentration is 100ppm.According to adaptive control system.The automatic PID of system-computed PLC controls the rotating speed that automatic PID controls to increase reducing agent feed pump, increases the rotating speed of reducing agent feed pump simultaneously, makes NO
xexit concentration meets and arranges requirement, to obtain best denitration effect.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.