CN104437065B - A kind for the treatment of system of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration and denitration method for flue gas thereof - Google Patents

A kind for the treatment of system of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration and denitration method for flue gas thereof Download PDF

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CN104437065B
CN104437065B CN201410664930.7A CN201410664930A CN104437065B CN 104437065 B CN104437065 B CN 104437065B CN 201410664930 A CN201410664930 A CN 201410664930A CN 104437065 B CN104437065 B CN 104437065B
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flue gas
magnetic valve
pipeline
denitration
temperature sensor
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CN104437065A (en
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马晓茜
胡善超
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

The invention discloses treatment system and the denitration method for flue gas thereof of a kind of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration, comprise microwave tube type oven, pressure fan, temperature sensor, denitration reaction cavity, concentration sensor; The outlet of described tube furnace cavity connects the entrance of pressure fan by pipeline, pressure fan export pipeline connects temperature sensor, temperature sensor connects the bottom inlet of denitration reaction cavity by the pipeline being provided with the first magnetic valve, the top exit of denitration reaction cavity connects concentration sensor by pipeline, and concentration sensor connects the A entrance of tubular type furnace cavity by the second flue gas pipeline being provided with the 3rd magnetic valve; Temperature sensor also connects the intake line A of tubular type furnace cavity by the first flue gas pipeline being provided with the second magnetic valve.The simple science of native system denitrification process, is combined with system, effectively can ensure that fume emission meets national standard limit of smog release requirement, can be widely used in needing denitration to reduce the occasion of NOx emission, have a extensive future.

Description

A kind for the treatment of system of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration and denitration method for flue gas thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to denitrating flue gas treatment system, particularly relate to treatment system and the denitration method for flue gas thereof of a kind of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration.
Background technology
In recent years, China's rapid economic development, electricity needs and supply sustainable growth.Ended for the end of the year 2013, national electric power installed capacity has reached 12.47 hundred million kilowatts, wherein thermoelectricity is 8.62 hundred million kilowatts, accounts for 69% of national total installation of generating capacity.By Eleventh Five-Year Plan end, add up to build up operation 5.65 hundred million kilowatts of Desulphurization for Coal-fired Power Plant facilities, whole nation thermoelectricity desulfurization unit ratio brought up to 80% from 2005 12%, but China per capita installed capacity far below developed country's average level, and the energy resource structure of China determine considerable time from now on Internal-combustion engine using coal kludge capacity also will constantly increase, the sulfur dioxide of power plant emission, nitrogen oxide and flue dust will increase.If the atmosphere pollution of power plant emission can not get effective control, will directly affect the improvement of China's atmosphere quality and the sustainable of power industry and develop in a healthy way.Denitrating flue gas is another major fields of state control thermal power plant sulphur discharged nitrous oxides after flue gas desulfurization.From 1 day January in 2012, " the fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard GB_13223-2011 " that within 2011, issue replaced 2003 " the fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard GB_13223-2003 " that issue, and comes into effect.The enforcement of new standard will improve Thermal Power Generation Industry environmental protection access threshold, promote Thermal Power Generation Industry discharge intensity and reduce and the discharge of decreasing pollution thing.But, owing to lacking core technology and the equipment of independent intellectual property right in coal-fired plant flue gas Environmental capacity field, cause between China's energy development and environmental protection and there is sharp contradiction.Therefore, by continuous technological innovation, realizing flue gas polution control that is efficient, low consumption, is the important channel solving this contradiction.
As gas cleaning way choice catalytic reduction (SCR) although the NO up to 90% can be obtained xremoval efficiency, but SCR technology is excessive because the catalyst of its costliness and life problems cause investment, limits its extensive use.And the maximum NO of relatively cheap SNCR (SNCR) xremoval efficiency can reach 70% ~ 80%, obtains and relatively applies widely.But the reaction of SNCR reductive NO is very responsive for temperature conditions, burner hearth spraying into selection a little, namely the selection of so-called temperature window, is the key of SNCR reductive NO efficiency.It is generally acknowledged that desirable temperature range is 700 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C, and different with the change of type of reactor.When reaction temperature is lower than temperature window, due to the restriction of the time of staying, the degree often making chemical reaction carry out comparatively low reaction is thorough not, thus causes the percent reduction of NO lower, has neither part nor lot in the NH of reaction simultaneously 3increase and also can cause ammonia leakage.Meanwhile, for improving SNCR to NO xreduction efficiency, reduce the leakage rate of ammonia, fuel type, boiler load, chamber structure, heating surface layout, excessive air amount, NO must be considered at design phase emphasis xthe technological parameter that the distribution of concentration, fire box temperature, burner hearth air flow method and CO concentration etc. are crucial.
Want emphasis to consider the technological parameter of numerous keys that boiler furnace inside is relevant when SNCR technology in view of denitration in boiler furnace will be applied, this will make the work of design phase become more complicated undoubtedly, will greatly reduce its Technical Economy simultaneously.Therefore, China, in the urgent need to transforming current SNCR technology, develops that other are more efficient, the gas denitrifying technology of low cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming and defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art, the treatment system providing a kind of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor to reduce denitration and denitration method for flue gas thereof.Denitration method for flue gas significantly can reduce the discharge of NOx in boiler smoke, and treatment system structure is simple, practical, and to organically combine removal efficiency, the cost that significantly can improve denitration low with denitration method for flue gas.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A treatment system for heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration, comprises microwave tube type oven 1, pressure fan 3, temperature sensor 4, denitration reaction cavity 6, concentration sensor 8;
There is in described microwave tube type oven 1 a tube furnace cavity 2; The outlet of described tube furnace cavity 2 connects the entrance of pressure fan 3 by pipeline, pressure fan 3 connects temperature sensor 4 by its export pipeline, temperature sensor 4 connects the bottom inlet of denitration reaction cavity 6 by the pipeline being provided with the first magnetic valve 5, the top exit of denitration reaction cavity 6 connects concentration sensor 8 by pipeline, and concentration sensor 8 connects the A entrance of tubular type furnace cavity 2 by the second flue gas pipeline 17 being provided with the 3rd magnetic valve 15;
Described temperature sensor 4 also connects the intake line A of tubular type furnace cavity 2 by the first flue gas pipeline 11 being provided with the second magnetic valve 10.
Described temperature sensor 4 is also connected with the entrance of cooler 13 by pipeline, the outlet of cooler 13 is connected with the export pipeline of pressure fan 3 by the pipeline being provided with the 4th magnetic valve 12.
Described microwave tube type oven 1 cavity inner wall is provided with composite wave-suction material.
Described concentration sensor 8 also has an output pipe B, output pipe B is provided with the 5th magnetic valve 9.
The outer peripheral face of described denitration reaction cavity 6 is provided with multiple ammonia water spray gun 7.
The method adopting the above-mentioned treatment system stated to carry out denitration to flue gas is as follows:
(1) first flue gas is entered the tube furnace cavity 2 of microwave tube type oven 1 by intake line A, and after the composite wave-suction material of microwave tube type oven 1 cavity inner wall absorbs microwave, temperature raises rapidly, and flue gas is through tube furnace cavity 2 and be rapidly heated;
(2) flue gas after heating arrives temperature sensor 4 through pressure fan 3, and temperature sensor 4 pairs of flue-gas temperatures detect;
(3) when temperature sensor 4 detect flue-gas temperature lower than within the scope of design temperature time, the second magnetic valve 10 is opened, and the first magnetic valve 5 and the 4th magnetic valve 12 are closed, and flue gas is again heated in microwave tube type oven 1;
(4) when temperature sensor 4 detect flue-gas temperature higher than within the scope of design temperature time, the 4th magnetic valve 12 is opened, and simultaneously the first magnetic valve 5 and the second magnetic valve 10 are closed, and flue gas is cooled in cooler 13;
(5) when temperature sensor 4 detects that flue-gas temperature is within the scope of design temperature, the first magnetic valve 5 is opened, and the second magnetic valve 10 and the 4th magnetic valve 12 are closed simultaneously, and flue gas enters denitration reaction cavity 6 through the first flue gas pipeline 11;
(6) ammonia water spray gun 7 that denitration reaction cavity 6 surrounding is arranged sprays the ammoniacal liquor of atomization, and the flue gas after ammoniacal liquor runs into heating is decomposed into NH rapidly 3, NH 3with NO in flue gas xthere is reduction reaction and generate N 2and steam;
(7) concentration sensor 8 is arrived from denitration reaction cavity 6 flue gas out; When concentration sensor 8 detects flue gas concentration higher than discharge standard concentration, 5th magnetic valve 9 cuts out, 3rd magnetic valve 15 is opened simultaneously, and flue gas reenters microwave tube type oven 1 through the second flue gas pipeline 17 and again heats, and carries out next circulation denitrification process;
(8) when concentration sensor 8 detects flue gas concentration lower than discharge standard concentration, the 5th magnetic valve 9 is opened, and the 3rd magnetic valve 15 cuts out simultaneously, and flue gas is got rid of through output pipe B, and denitrification process terminates.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has following advantage and effect:
1, using microwave as the heating source of flue gas, heating is rapid and energy consumption is less, avoids SNCR denitration reduction reaction in stove to affect the stability of fire box temperature and boiler operatiopn.
2, adopt temperature sensor and cooler, ensure that flue-gas temperature maintains in best denitration reaction temperature range, thus greatly improve NO in flue gas xremoval efficiency, avoid the leakage of ammonia simultaneously.
3, adopt the denitration reaction cavity of larger space, reducing agent NH can be ensured 3in the time of staying of denitration reaction cavity, improve NO xremoval effect.
4, adopt ammonia spirit as the source of reaction reducing agent, ammonia spirit at high temperature fast decoupled obtains reducing agent NH3, cheap and easily obtain.
5, NO in flue gas is adopted after concentration sensor detection reaction xconcentration, ensures NO xremoval effect.
6, the simple science of denitrification process, is combined with system, effectively can ensure that fume emission meets national standard limit of smog release requirement.
7, native system structure is simple, small investment, cost are low, practical, can be widely used in needing denitration to reduce NO xthe occasion of discharge, has a extensive future.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described in detail.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1.The treatment system of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration of the present invention, comprises microwave tube type oven 1, pressure fan 3, temperature sensor 4, denitration reaction cavity 6, concentration sensor 8;
There is in described microwave tube type oven 1 a tube furnace cavity 2; The outlet of described tube furnace cavity 2 connects the entrance of pressure fan 3 by pipeline, pressure fan 3 connects temperature sensor 4 by its export pipeline, temperature sensor 4 connects the bottom inlet of denitration reaction cavity 6 by the pipeline being provided with the first magnetic valve 5, the top exit of denitration reaction cavity 6 connects concentration sensor 8 by pipeline, and concentration sensor 8 connects the A entrance of tubular type furnace cavity 2 by the second flue gas pipeline 17 being provided with the 3rd magnetic valve 15;
Described temperature sensor 4 also connects the intake line A of tubular type furnace cavity 2 by the first flue gas pipeline 11 being provided with the second magnetic valve 10.
Described temperature sensor 4 is also connected with the entrance of cooler 13 by pipeline, the outlet of cooler 13 is connected with the export pipeline of pressure fan 3 by the pipeline being provided with the 4th magnetic valve 12.
Described microwave tube type oven 1 cavity inner wall is provided with composite wave-suction material.
Described concentration sensor 8 also has an output pipe B, output pipe B is provided with the 5th magnetic valve 9.
The outer peripheral face of described denitration reaction cavity 6 is provided with multiple ammonia water spray gun 7.
Adopt native system flue gas to be carried out to the method for denitration, realize by following steps:
(1) first flue gas is entered the tube furnace cavity 2 of microwave tube type oven 1 by intake line A, and after the composite wave-suction material of microwave tube type oven 1 cavity inner wall absorbs microwave, temperature raises rapidly, and flue gas is through tube furnace cavity 2 and be rapidly heated;
(2) flue gas after heating arrives temperature sensor 4 through pressure fan 3, and temperature sensor 4 pairs of flue-gas temperatures detect;
(3) when temperature sensor 4 detect flue-gas temperature lower than within the scope of design temperature time, the second magnetic valve 10 is opened, and the first magnetic valve 5 and the 4th magnetic valve 12 are closed, and flue gas is again heated in microwave tube type oven 1;
(4) when temperature sensor 4 detect flue-gas temperature higher than within the scope of design temperature time, the 4th magnetic valve 12 is opened, and simultaneously the first magnetic valve 5 and the second magnetic valve 10 are closed, and flue gas is cooled in cooler 13;
(5) when temperature sensor 4 detects that flue-gas temperature is within the scope of design temperature, the first magnetic valve 5 is opened, and the second magnetic valve 10 and the 4th magnetic valve 12 are closed simultaneously, and flue gas enters denitration reaction cavity 6 through the first flue gas pipeline 11;
(6) ammonia water spray gun 7 that denitration reaction cavity 6 surrounding is arranged sprays the ammoniacal liquor of atomization, and (high temperature) flue gas after ammoniacal liquor runs into heating is decomposed into NH rapidly 3, NH 3with NO in flue gas xthere is reduction reaction and generate N2 and steam;
(7) concentration sensor 8 is arrived from denitration reaction cavity 6 flue gas out; When concentration sensor 8 detects flue gas concentration higher than (national atmosphere pollution) discharge standard concentration, 5th magnetic valve 9 cuts out, 3rd magnetic valve 15 is opened simultaneously, flue gas reenters microwave tube type oven 1 through the second flue gas pipeline 17 and again heats, and carries out next circulation denitrification process;
(8) when concentration sensor 8 detects flue gas concentration lower than (national atmosphere pollution) discharge standard concentration, the 5th magnetic valve 9 is opened, and the 3rd magnetic valve 15 cuts out simultaneously, and flue gas is got rid of through output pipe B, and denitrification process terminates.
For reaching better effect, below this denitrification process is further analyzed and described.
According to the ability of material absorbing microwave, material can be divided and penetrate, reflect, absorb three major types.
Metal does not absorb microwave substantially, can be reflected back after general microwave encounters metal.And microwave is to ceramic microwave tube furnace cavity (a kind of ceramic composite), there is good penetrability, only have a little absorption.Test microwave tube type furnace apparatus used, utilize this character of microwave exactly, be that metal foil structure is used for preventing microwave leakage by the shelling machine of microwave tube type oven, inwall is the earthenware that the composite wave-suction material based on carborundum of microwave wave transparent manufactures, between earthenware and outer layer plate, fill insulant material is as asbestos, for insulation.Like this, after the composite wave-suction material of microwave tube type furnace chamber inwall absorbs microwave, temperature raises rapidly, and flue gas is through microwave tube type furnace chamber and be rapidly heated.Before flue gas enters denitration reaction cavity, temperature sensor can detect the temperature of flue gas.When flue-gas temperature is lower than temperature range 800 DEG C-1150 DEG C, can opens towards the 3rd magnetic valve 15 of microwave tube type oven and the second magnetic valve 10, flue gas is heated again; When flue-gas temperature is higher than temperature range 800 DEG C-1150 DEG C, the 4th magnetic valve 12 towards cooler can be opened, and cools flue gas, until reach the temperature range of setting.
Ammoniacal liquor sprays into through ammonia water spray gun the denitration reaction cavity that temperature is 800 DEG C of-1150 DEG C of scopes, and ammonia spirit can become NH by rapid thermal decomposition 3and steam, subsequently NH 3with the NO in flue gas xcarry out SNCR reduction reaction and generate N 2.Adopt NH 3as reducing agent, in the scope that temperature is 800 DEG C-1150 DEG C, reductive NO xchemical equation be mainly:
4NH 3+4NO+O 2→4N 2+6H 2
4NH 3+2NO+2O 2→3N 2+6H 2O
8NH 3+6NO→7N 2+12H 2O
Temperature has the greatest impact to the reduction reaction of SNCR.
Based on the effect of microwave tube type oven and temperature sensor, the flue-gas temperature entering denitration reaction cavity is relatively more even, and Temperature Distribution, 850 DEG C of-1150 DEG C of scopes, ensures NH 3and NO xthere is the reaction temperature of reduction reaction.Avoid when flue-gas temperature is higher than 1150 DEG C, NO xremoval efficiency reduce due to the thermal decomposition of ammonia; When flue-gas temperature is lower than less than 850 DEG C, NH 3reaction rate decline, reduction reaction is carried out insufficient, NO xremoval efficiency declines, and the escaped quantity of ammonia may also in increase simultaneously.
Reducing agent NH 3longer in the time of staying of optimum temperature window, then remove NO xeffect better.NH 3the time of staying then can there is optimum N O more than 1s xremoval efficiency.
As mentioned above, just the present invention can be realized preferably.
Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any do not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle under do change, modification, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a treatment system for heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration, is characterized in that: comprise microwave tube type oven (1), pressure fan (3), temperature sensor (4), denitration reaction cavity (6), concentration sensor (8);
There is in described microwave tube type oven (1) a tube furnace cavity (2); The outlet of described tube furnace cavity (2) connects the entrance of pressure fan (3) by pipeline, pressure fan (3) connects temperature sensor (4) by its export pipeline, temperature sensor (4) connects the bottom inlet of denitration reaction cavity (6) by the pipeline being provided with the first magnetic valve (5), the top exit of denitration reaction cavity (6) connects concentration sensor (8) by pipeline, and concentration sensor (8) connects the A entrance of tubular type furnace cavity (2) by the second flue gas pipeline (17) being provided with the 3rd magnetic valve (15);
Described temperature sensor (4) also connects the intake line A of tubular type furnace cavity (2) by the first flue gas pipeline (11) being provided with the second magnetic valve (10).
2. treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the entrance described temperature sensor (4) being also connected with cooler (13) by pipeline, the outlet of cooler (13) is connected with the export pipeline of pressure fan (3) by the pipeline being provided with the 4th magnetic valve (12).
3. treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described microwave tube type oven (1) cavity inner wall is provided with composite wave-suction material.
4. the treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described concentration sensor (8) also has an output pipe B, output pipe B is provided with the 5th magnetic valve (9).
5. treatment system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the outer peripheral face of described denitration reaction cavity (6) is provided with multiple ammonia water spray gun (7).
6. adopt the treatment system according to any one of claim 1 to 5 flue gas to be carried out to the method for denitration, it is characterized in that following steps:
(1), first flue gas is entered the tube furnace cavity (2) of microwave tube type oven (1) by intake line A, after the composite wave-suction material of microwave tube type oven (1) cavity inner wall absorbs microwave, temperature raises rapidly, and flue gas is through tube furnace cavity (2) and be rapidly heated;
(2), heating after flue gas through pressure fan (3) arrive temperature sensor (4), temperature sensor (4) detects flue-gas temperature;
(3), when temperature sensor (4) detect flue-gas temperature lower than within the scope of design temperature time, second magnetic valve (10) is opened, first magnetic valve (5) and the 4th magnetic valve (12) are closed, and flue gas is again heated in microwave tube type oven (1);
(4), when temperature sensor (4) detect flue-gas temperature higher than within the scope of design temperature time, 4th magnetic valve (12) is opened, first magnetic valve (5) and the second magnetic valve (10) are closed simultaneously, and flue gas is cooled in cooler (13);
(5), when temperature sensor (4) detects that flue-gas temperature is within the scope of design temperature, first magnetic valve (5) is opened, second magnetic valve (10) and the 4th magnetic valve (12) are closed simultaneously, and flue gas enters denitration reaction cavity (6) through the first flue gas pipeline (11);
(6) ammoniacal liquor that ammonia water spray gun (7) ejection that denitration reaction cavity (6) surrounding is arranged is atomized, the flue gas after ammoniacal liquor runs into heating is decomposed into NH rapidly 3, NH 3with NO in flue gas xthere is reduction reaction and generate N 2and steam;
(7), concentration sensor (8) is arrived from denitration reaction cavity (6) flue gas out; When concentration sensor (8) detects flue gas concentration higher than discharge standard concentration, 5th magnetic valve (9) cuts out, 3rd magnetic valve (15) is opened simultaneously, flue gas reenters microwave tube type oven (1) through the second flue gas pipeline (17) and again heats, and carries out next circulation denitrification process;
(8), when concentration sensor (8) detects flue gas concentration lower than discharge standard concentration, 5th magnetic valve (9) is opened, 3rd magnetic valve (15) cuts out simultaneously, and flue gas is got rid of through output pipe B, and denitrification process terminates.
CN201410664930.7A 2014-11-19 2014-11-19 A kind for the treatment of system of heating using microwave ammoniacal liquor reduction denitration and denitration method for flue gas thereof Active CN104437065B (en)

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