CN103728994B - A kind of cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method - Google Patents
A kind of cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method belongs to manufacture of cement discharge security technology area.SCR reactor denitration efficiency controls device and includes: entrance detection device, outlet detection device, for periodically measuring the NOx content in flue gas and ammonia content and sending to calculation control device.Calculation control device, for the periodic data of receiving detection device and accurately calculate the denitration efficiency of reactor and the escape amount of ammonia, controls device according to the data result calculated to the spray ammonia of SCR inside reactor and sends control instruction.Spray ammonia controls device, is used for receiving control instruction the most periodic to the calculation control device real-time ammonia spraying amount data of transmission, and spray ammonia controls device by reception control instruction, control ammonia spraying amount size.It is contemplated that realize accurately measuring and accurately controlling SCR reactor denitration efficiency, the escaping of ammonia rate and ammonia spraying amount, while keeping higher denitration efficiency, reduce amount of ammonia slip.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to manufacture of cement discharge security technology area, be specifically related to cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method.
Background technology
NOx is common atmosphere pollution, and the detrimental effect for environment is very big.NOx mainly includes NO and NO2, city photochemical fog can be induced, stimulate human lung.China's cement output occupies the first in the world at present, and cement industry is China's the third-largest NOx emission source, and within 2011, NOx discharge reaches 384.3 ten thousand tons.Therefore, the denitration efficiency that cement plant SCR reactor is monitored and controlled controls NOx emission, has great importance.
Cement industry " 12 " planning specify that nitrogen oxide emission declines the target of 10%.Existing " cement industry atmosphere pollutants emission standards " (GB4915-2004) the regulation NOx emission limit value of China is 800mg/Nm3.Nowadays, co-melting pollution-free industry is being coordinated along with China's cement industry development orientation with natural environment.Environmental friendliness will be also the key character in cement development entrance environmental stage.Therefore, the NOx emission standard meeting increasingly stringent of China's cement industry, the control dynamics of NOx emission also can be continued to increase by country.
The NOx emission of cement industry controls technology main selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology and SCR (SCR) technology at present.SNCR (SNCR) technology is by spraying into reducing agent (ammonia, carbamide etc.) in cement kiln, under aerobic environment, optionally there is chemical reaction with the NOx in flue gas in reducing agent, generates nitrogen and water, and the percent reduction of General N Ox is between 10%～50%.SCR (SCR) technology is then to use suitable catalyst, under certain condition, with ammonia as the reducing agent of catalytic reaction, makes pollutant NOx be converted into harmless nitrogen and steam.Primary response is as follows:
4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O (formula I)
2NO2+4NH3+O2→3N2+6H2O (formula II)
SCR technology can make the removal efficiency of NOx reach more than 90% in the ideal situation, although fixed investment is big, but operating cost is low, is the best stationary source NOx Treatment process that can find at present.The main two indices of seeing exactly of the quality of evaluation SCR denitration system running status at present: denitration efficiency and amount of ammonia slip.Theoretically, under optimum conditions, the NOx of lmol is reduced the NH needing lmol completely3, therefore, if ammonia spraying amount deficiency is easy for reducing denitration efficiency, if but ammonia spraying amount is excessive, though ensure that but denitration efficiency easily makes ammonia escape amount increase, cause secondary environmental pollution.When ammonia nitrogen mol ratio is less than 1, denitration efficiency increases along with the increase of mol ratio, but ammonia escape amount is slowly increased the most therewith.Supervising SCR system the most in real time, while keeping the denitration efficiency that catalyst is higher, control ammonia spraying amount is to reduce amount of ammonia slip accurately, significant.
Summary of the invention
A kind of cement plant SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system, it is characterized in that: be one and include that spraying ammonia controls device, entrance detection device, outlet detection device, calculation control device is interior, can be to the denitration efficiency of SCR reactor, the escaping of ammonia rate, the system that ammonia spraying amount is accurately measured and controlled in real time.Spray ammonia controls the device control data by reception calculation control device, is adjusted ammonia spraying amount.And periodically ammonia spraying amount data are passed through circuit reverse pumping to calculation control device.Entrance detection device carries out periodic temperature detection and NOx content detection to the flue gas entering SCR reactor, and inputs calculation control device by circuit.Outlet detection device carries out periodic NOx content detection and ammonia (NH to the flue gas discharging SCR reactor3) content detection.Calculation control device can receive entrance detection device, outlet detection device and spray ammonia control the data of device transmission, carrying out denitration efficiency calculating and the escaping of ammonia rate is calculated and shown by external screen, display device may also display inlet temperature and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.When denitration efficiency is too small or amount of ammonia slip is excessive, the denitration efficiency calculated or the escaping of ammonia rate score meeting flickering display are also furnished with alarm sounds.Calculation control device controls device to spray ammonia and sends control data.To reach to control denitration efficiency and the purpose of amount of ammonia slip.
Denitration efficiency detecting and controlling system of the present invention, wherein, entrance detection device includes: flue-gas temperature detection device and NOx content detection device.
Denitration efficiency detecting and controlling system of the present invention, wherein, outlet detection device includes: NOx content detection device and ammonia content detection device.
Denitration efficiency detecting and controlling system of the present invention, wherein, spray ammonia controls device and includes: ammonia ejector, dispensing pipeline, dispensing supply pump, special ammonia water storage tank, standby tank used for storing ammonia and for receiving, transmit data and control the micro computer of ammonia spraying amount.
Denitration efficiency detecting and controlling system of the present invention, wherein, calculation control device includes: calculate device, external connection display apparatus, alarm device and control device.
A kind of method for controlling cement plant SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system, its step is as follows: be periodically detected the temperature value (T) of entrance detection device, it is judged that whether temperature value is in set point (T >=150 DEG C).
If temperature value exceeds catalyst range (T ＜ 150 DEG C), then send alarm signal to calculation control device, calculation control device is by temperature data flickering display and with alarm, temp. indicator scope exceeds, suggestion adjusts manufacturing parameter, makes flue-gas temperature stable in set point.
If the temperature that entrance detection device records is in low temperature catalyst range, then periodically by NOx content M1 NOxValue is transmitted to calculation control device.
The exit NOx content M that outlet detection device is periodically recorded2 NOxValue and ammonia content M2 NH3Value is input in calculation control device.
According to the national standard of measurement of correlation NOx, measured value is completely converted into NO2Meter, M1 NOxAnd M2 NOxUnit be mg/Nm3.Ammonia content M1 NH3And M2 NH3Unit be mg/Nm3。
Spray ammonia controls the ammonia spraying amount M that device will periodically record1 NH3It is input in calculation control device.
Calculation control device calculates denitration rate (△ NOx) and the escaping of ammonia rate (NH by periodically input data3 Escape), and display it, display device may also display inlet temperature and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.Calculation control device controls device to spray ammonia and sends control instruction, adjusts spray ammonia and controls device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount.
When denitration rate≤60%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display denitration rate data.
As outlet ammonia content M2 NH3≥20mgNH3/Nm3Time, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display amount of ammonia slip data.
When the escaping of ammonia rate NH3 EscapeWhen >=5%, calculating control control device will report to the police, and flickering display the escaping of ammonia rate data.
When calculation control device sends alarm, by controlling device, spray ammonia control device is sent control instruction.Adjust ammonia spraying amount, control denitration rate or amount of ammonia slip.
Denitration rate: △ NOx=(M1 NOx—M2 NOx)/M1 NOx
The escaping of ammonia rate: NH3 Escape=M2 NH3/M1 NH3
Present invention is primarily targeted at, monitor denitration efficiency and the escaping of ammonia rate of cement plant SCR reactor in real time, adjust denitration efficiency and the escaping of ammonia rate by controlling ammonia spraying amount, under keeping higher denitration efficiency, reduce the escaping of ammonia as far as possible.Control process simple and fast, reasonable in design, can effectively reduce pollutant emission, provide powerful support for for advancing the Green Process of cement industry to provide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control system
Fig. 2 is the method program figure controlling cement plant SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system
Detailed description of the invention
Below according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 of Figure of description, and control system and the control method of cement plant SCR denitration Efficiency testing are made and being further illustrated by embodiment.
In embodiment, the design scale of cement producing line is 2500t grog/sky, and actual production is 2500t grog/sky.SCR reactor be arranged on waste heat boiler after and go coal mill dry bag filter before.The temperature of gas approach is about 200 DEG C, and total blast volume is about 175000m3/ h, in flue gas, NOx content is about 600mg/Nm3。
Catalyst in SCR reactor can use in low temperature catalyst, such as MnOx-CeO2-TiO2Type catalyst, about 200 DEG C reach more than 90% catalytic efficiency, suitable ammonia nitrogen compares 0.9:1.
Cement plant SCR reactor denitration efficiency monitor control system, controls device, entrance detection device, outlet detection device, calculation control device including spray ammonia.
Flue gas enters gas approach, flows through entrance detection device.Entrance detection device includes: flue-gas temperature detection device and NOx content detection device.Detecting measurement device through flue-gas temperature, temperature meets set point (T >=150 DEG C).NOx content detection device periodically (setting cycle is 5min) measures the content of NOx in flue gas, and will contain numerical quantity and periodically send to calculation control device.
Flue gas flows through spray ammonia and controls at device.Spray ammonia controls device and includes: ammonia ejector, dispensing pipeline, dispensing supply pump, special ammonia water storage tank, standby tank used for storing ammonia and for receiving, transmit data and control the micro computer of ammonia spraying amount.Ammonia-gas spraying device goes out the ammonia of a certain amount of (receiving the ammonia spraying amount control instruction that calculation control device sends) to flue gas injection, and periodically transmits the actual ammonia amount data ejected to calculation control device.
It is mixed with after the flue gas of ammonia controls device by spray ammonia, flows through the passage equipped with deflector, flow into SCR reactor, with the denitrating catalyst generation selective catalytic reduction reaction in reactor, be harmless N by NOx conversion2And H2O, primary response formula is as follows:
4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O (formula I)
2NO2+4NH3+O2→3N2+6H2O (formula II)
Outlet detection device is flowed through by the flue gas of SCR reactor.Outlet detection device includes: NOx content detection device and ammonia content detection device.Containing remaining NOx gas and ammonia gas after participation selective catalytic reduction reaction in flue gas now.Residue content is periodically detected by NOx content detection device and ammonia content detection device respectively, sends detection data to calculation control device.
Flue gas passes through SCR reactor outlet, is emitted into follow-up bag filter.
Related data all transmits to calculation control device.Calculation control device includes: calculate device, external connection display apparatus, alarm device and control device.Calculate device and calculate denitration rate (△ NOx) and the escaping of ammonia rate (NH3 Escape), and will be displayed it by external connection display apparatus, display device may also display inlet temperature and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.Operating control device controls device to spray ammonia and sends control instruction, adjusts spray ammonia and controls device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount.
By examples detailed above it can be seen that SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control system can reach, and denitration efficiency and the purpose of the escaping of ammonia are effectively monitored and controlled.
Below according to Fig. 2 of Figure of description, and the control method of cement plant SCR denitration Efficiency testing control system is made and being further illustrated by embodiment.
Flue gas enters gas approach, flows through entrance detection device.
The flue-gas temperature (T) entered is periodically detected by the temperature-detecting device of porch, it is judged that whether temperature value is in set point.
Record temperature value=120 DEG C ＜ 150 DEG C, beyond catalyst range.
Sending alarm signal to calculation control device, calculation control device is by temperature data flickering display and with alarm, and temp. indicator scope exceeds, it is proposed that adjust manufacturing parameter.
Being adjusted manufacturing parameter, temperature=190 DEG C that entrance detection device records, in catalyst range.
NOx content detection device, periodically by NOx content M1 NOxValue is transmitted to calculation control device.
Spray ammonia controls device, sprays ammonia in flue.The ammonia spraying amount M that will periodically record1 NH3It is input in calculation control device.
The exit NOx content M that outlet detection device will periodically record2 NOxValue and ammonia content M2 NH3Value is input in calculation control device.
Measured value is completely converted into NO2Meter.Porch M1 NOxValue=600mg/Nm3。
M1 NOxAnd M2 NOxUnit be mg/Nm3
Ammonia content M1 NH3And M2 NH3Unit be mg/Nm3。
Calculation control device calculates denitration rate △ NOx and the escaping of ammonia rate NH by periodically input data3 Escape, and display it, display device may also display inlet temperature and outlet amount of ammonia slip data.Calculation control device controls device to spray ammonia and sends control instruction, and the ammonia nitrogen ratio adjusting spray ammonia is 0.9.Spray ammonia controls device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount, and ammonia spraying amount is 208mg/Nm3。
Through after a while, denitration system is shown as 89%, and amount of ammonia slip is 10mg/Nm3, escapement ratio is shown as 4.8%.
Wherein: denitration rate: △ NOx=(M1 NOx–M2 NOx)/M1 NOx
Wherein: the escaping of ammonia rate: NH3Escape=M2 NH3/M1 NH3
When denitration rate≤60%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display denitration rate data.Now, controlling device to spray ammonia and send control instruction, be stepped up ammonia spraying amount, ammonia spraying amount reaches 235mg/Nm3Ammonia nitrogen ratio (is improved, increase to 1) in left and right, to reach to improve the purpose of denitration efficiency.
Through after a period of time, being seen by display device, denitration rate is gradually increasing, and returns to 89%, is in the higher range of denitration efficiency, and amount of ammonia slip starts to increase simultaneously, is shown as 15mg NH3/Nm3.Now control device to spray ammonia and send control instruction, stablize current ammonia spraying amount.To reach while keeping higher denitration efficiency, control the escape amount of ammonia.
As outlet ammonia content M2 NH3≥20mgNH3/Nm3Time, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display outlet ammonia content (M2 NH3) data.Now, control device to spray ammonia and send control instruction, gradually reduce ammonia spraying amount (reducing ammonia nitrogen ratio), to reach to reduce the purpose that amount of ammonia slip increases.
Through after a period of time, being seen by display device, amount of ammonia slip is gradually reduced M2 NH3=17mg NH3/Nm3, return to relatively low scope, and now denitration efficiency be shown as 91%.Now control device to spray ammonia and send control instruction, stablize current ammonia spraying amount, keep higher denitration efficiency.
When the escaping of ammonia rate NH3 EscapeWhen >=5%, calculating control control device will report to the police, and flickering display the escaping of ammonia rate NH3Escape data.Now, if exporting ammonia content M2 NH3＜ 20mgNH3/Nm3, then can determine whether to select to close alarm, continue to existing ammonia spraying amount and denitration efficiency.Or send control instruction to spray ammonia control system, reduce ammonia spraying amount.
When the escaping of ammonia rate NH3 EscapeWhen >=5%, and outlet ammonia content M2 NH3≥20mgNH3/Nm3.Control device to spray ammonia and send control instruction, gradually reduce ammonia spraying amount, to reach to reduce the purpose that amount of ammonia slip increases.
By above example it can be seen that, cement plant SCR denitration Efficiency testing control system can monitor the denitration efficiency of SCR reactor and the amount of ammonia slip of outlet in real time, and by calculation control device and spray ammonia control device, ammonia spraying amount is controlled, thus reach to control denitration efficiency and the purpose of amount of ammonia slip.Invented by this, can make cement plant while keeping higher denitration efficiency, take into account the control of amount of ammonia slip, to reach both dynamic equilibrium.Detecting and controlling system is reasonable in design, simple and efficient to handle.
Claims (1)
1. a cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method, it is characterised in that: applying following system, this system includes that spraying ammonia controls device, entrance detection device, outlet detection device, calculation control device, display device and alarm sounds device；
Spray ammonia controls device and connects calculation control device；Entrance detection device and outlet detection device are placed on the entrance and exit in SCR reactor,
Described spray ammonia controls the device control data by reception calculation control device, is adjusted ammonia spraying amount；And periodically actual ammonia spraying amount data are passed through circuit reverse pumping to calculation control device；
Entrance detection device, described entrance detection device carries out periodic temperature detection and NOx content detection, and inputs calculation control device by circuit the flue gas entering SCR reactor；
Outlet detection device, described outlet detection device carries out periodic NOx content detection and ammonia content detection to the flue gas discharging SCR reactor；
Described calculation control device receives entrance and detects device, and outlet detects device and the data of spray ammonia control device transmission, carries out denitration efficiency calculating and the escaping of ammonia rate is calculated and shown by display device；
Step is as follows:
The temperature value of entrance detection device is periodically detected, it is judged that whether temperature value is in catalyst range；
If temperature value exceeds catalyst range, then sending alarm signal to calculation control device, calculation control device is by temperature data flickering display and with alarm, and temp. indicator scope exceeds, suggestion adjusts manufacturing parameter, makes flue-gas temperature stable in range；
If the temperature that entrance detection device records is in catalyst range, then periodically by NOx content M1 NOxValue is transmitted to calculation control device；
The exit NOx content M that outlet detection device is periodically recorded2 NOxValue and ammonia content M2 NH3Value is input in calculation control device；
NOx measured value is completely converted into NO2Meter, M1 NOxAnd M2 NOxUnit be mg/Nm3；Ammonia content M1 NH3And M2 NH3Unit be mg/Nm3；
Spray ammonia controls the actual ammonia spraying amount M that device will periodically record1 NH3It is input in calculation control device；
Calculation control device calculates denitration rate △ NOx and the escaping of ammonia rate NH by the data periodically inputted3 Escape, and display it, calculation control device controls device to spray ammonia and sends control instruction, adjusts spray ammonia and controls device regulation and control ammonia spraying amount；When denitration rate≤60%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display denitration rate △ NOx data；As outlet ammonia content M2 NH3≥20mgNH3/Nm3Time, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display outlet ammonia content M2 NH3Data；When the escaping of ammonia rate NH3 EscapeWhen >=5%, calculation control device will be reported to the police, and flickering display the escaping of ammonia rate NH3 EscapeData；
When calculation control device sends alarm, by calculation control device, spray ammonia is controlled device and send control instruction；Adjust ammonia spraying amount, regulation and control denitration rate or the escaping of ammonia rate；
Denitration rate: △ NOx=(M1 NOx–M2 NOx)/M1 NOx
The escaping of ammonia rate: NH3 Escape=M2 NH3/M1 NH3。
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