CN105289303B - A kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration method and its device - Google Patents
A kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration method and its device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105289303B CN105289303B CN201510768406.9A CN201510768406A CN105289303B CN 105289303 B CN105289303 B CN 105289303B CN 201510768406 A CN201510768406 A CN 201510768406A CN 105289303 B CN105289303 B CN 105289303B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration method and its device, is provided with board-like catalyst layer along the inner peripheral surface of denitrating tower body, constitutes exhaust gases passes.Cellular catalyst is provided with exhaust gases passes, two-stage catalytic reaction zone is constituted with board-like catalyst.Along the periphery of board-like catalyst layer, multiple vortex atomizing nozzles that distributed multilevel sprays along circle of contact direction from bottom to top.When flue gas enter exhaust gases passes in and the ammonia with being sprayed along circle of contact direction eddy flow meet when, along the inner circle circumferential direction by exhaust gases passes in a manner of the circle of contact spiral.This method and its device not only solve flue gas and NH3Mix bad, the problem of flow field inequality, and add flue gas and reducing agent, the contact specific surface area of catalyst and time, the space of denitrating tower is effectively utilized, improves reaction efficiency, reduces flue gas resistance, energy consumption is low, the escapement ratio of ammonia is reduced, denitration cost is greatly reduced, significantly improves economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to denitrating flue gas, more particularly to a kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration method and its device.
Background technology
NOxIt is the main source of atmosphere pollution, its a large amount of discharge can cause huge harm to environment.For protection ring
Border is, it is necessary to NOxAdministered.Widely used selective catalysis reducing process (SCR) is that one kind administers NO from tail gas in the worldx
The effective ways of discharge.
The SCR method used at present is to utilize NH3As reducing agent in the presence of catalyst by NOxIt is reduced to harmless
N2, so as to remove the NO in flue gasx.Select the core that suitable catalyst is SCR technology, catalyst structure typically have honeycomb fashion,
Flat and three kinds of corrugated plate dst.Wherein, cellular catalyst has larger geometry specific surface area, but dust-proof and anti-clogging
Can be poor, drag losses is larger.Flat or corrugated plate dst catalyst has more preferable anti-laying dust than cellular catalyst and blocked up
Plug ability, but gas-solid contact specific surface area is small, catalytic reaction ability.
Due to the influence for solid contact area of being bullied, the Flow Field Distribution of flue gas is uneven in tower body, flue gas and reducing agent, catalyst
The limited time of contact, its catalytic reduction reaction efficiency is low, and is widely present NH3Escape, catalyst blockage, catalyst lose
The problems such as effect.The raising of denitration efficiency is not only influenceed, and causes denitration cost to increase, secondary pollution problems occurs.Research and development
Efficient SCR method and device it is very urgent with it is necessary.
By the way that to existing SCR system research, influenceing the factor of denitration efficiency includes reaction temperature, residence time, goes back
The mixture homogeneity of former agent and flue gas, reducing agent and NOxStoichiometric ratio, catalyst performance etc..According to the anti-of SCR catalyst
Principle of dynamics is answered, in the case where reaction temperature and catalyst performance are certain, ammonia and NOxMixability to SCR techniques
Denitration efficiency has strong influence.In traditional denitration device, in order to increase ammonia and NOxIncorporation time, employ increasing
The cross-sectional area of big device, reduces flue gas flow rate, increases the method for tower body height or length.The cross-sectional area of aggrandizement apparatus is not only
Cause flow field in tower to show laminar flow regime, reduce the turbulence level of blender, reduce denitration efficiency, and add in flue gas
The deposition of particulate matter, make a large amount of dust stratifications of catalyst surface, influence the activity of catalyst, increase the escape of ammonia；It is high to increase tower body
Degree or length greatly increase catalyst amount again, increase construction cost and operating cost.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, there is provided a kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration
Method and its device.Both flue gas NO_x Reduction by Effective can be realized, solves easy dust stratification, the catalyst failure often occurred in the prior art again
And the problem of the escaping of ammonia.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration device, including denitrating tower body and along denitrating tower body inner peripheral surface set
Board-like catalyst layer 10；Board-like catalyst layer 10 forms exhaust gases passes；
Along the periphery of board-like catalyst layer 10, multiple eddy flow mists that multilayer is sprayed along circle of contact direction are distributed with from bottom to top
Change nozzle 9；Met when flue gas enters the ammonia sprayed in exhaust gases passes and with vortex atomizing nozzle 9 by the bottom of denitrating tower body
When, because ammonia sprays along circle of contact direction eddy flow, flue gas is mutually intervolved persorption with ammonia and close, and along the inner circle by exhaust gases passes
Circumferential direction spiral in a manner of the circle of contact；The ammonia that each vortex atomizing nozzle 9 is arranged on by pipeline connection outside denitrating tower supplies
System.
Twice cellular catalyst 7 is provided with the exhaust gases passes；Between first of cellular catalyst and smoke inlet
Region be one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；Region between first of cellular catalyst and second cellular catalyst is
Two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone.
The top of the cellular catalyst 7 is provided with multiple soot blowers 8, and soot blower 8 is used to blow off to be attached to soot blower 8
The dust stratification on surface.
Water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate 11 is provided with the smoke inlet of the denitrating tower body lower part.
The ammonia feed system includes the liquid ammonia storage tank 6 of pipeline connection, the liquefied ammonia for being evaporated to liquefied ammonia successively and steamed
Send out device 5, the ammonia dashpot 4 for entering row buffering to ammonia, ammonia/air mixer 3 for being mixed to ammonia and air
With the dilution air 2 for being diluted to ammonia；
Ammonia/the air mixer 3 connects vortex atomizing nozzle 9 by a pipeline with magnetic valve 13；The denitration
The outside of tower body is additionally provided with a escaping of ammonia feedback control system 1, and the exhanst gas outlet of the denitrating tower bodies top is provided with
For detecting the probe 14 of ammonia density；The concentration data for the ammonia that the escaping of ammonia feedback control system 1 detects according to probe 14, control
The aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve 13, for controlling vortex atomizing nozzle 9 to be sparged into flue gas to the straying quatity of ammonia in real time
Ammonia amount and NO in passagexConcentration matches.
The denitrating tower body bottom portion is provided with dust stratification case 12, and the middle part of dust stratification case 12 is tubaeform logical with passing through for flue gas
Hole.
A kind of spiral-flow plate-type SCR denitration method is as follows：
Flue gas is by the water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate 11 of denitrating tower body lower part, into the one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction in exhaust gases passes
Area, when the ammonia that flue gas and vortex atomizing nozzle 9 spray meets, because ammonia is revolved along circle of contact direction by vortex atomizing nozzle 9
Stream sprays, and flue gas is mutually intervolved persorption conjunction with ammonia, and continue along by the inner circle circumferential direction of exhaust gases passes in a manner of the circle of contact
Spiral, subsequently enter two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；The flue gas and ammonia of persorption conjunction are mutually intervolved, is catalyzed by one-level eddy flow anti-
Area is answered tangentially to wash away board-like catalyst layer 10 and cellular catalyst repeatedly into the uphill process of two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone
7, and catalytic reduction reaction occurs, increase flue gas, the specific surface area of ammonia and board-like catalyst layer 10, finally by denitrating tower sheet
Body top exit is discharged, and realizes denitrating flue gas.
When probe 14 detects that the concentration of ammonia in flue gas is more than preset value, the escaping of ammonia feedback control system 1 is according to the spy
The ammonia density data of first 14 feedback, the aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve 13 is controlled, for controlling swirling flow atomizing spray in real time
Mouth 9 is to the straying quatity of ammonia, the ammonia amount being sparged into exhaust gases passes and NOxConcentration matches with preset value.
The present invention is had the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
1st, flue gas and NH3Good mixing effect, even flow field, denitration efficiency are high.Flue gas is by water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate, on eddy flow
Rise, volume inhales the ammonia sprayed into；Ammonia uses to be sprayed into along exhaust gases passes circumferencial direction circle type eddy flow, enhances eddy flow field.The two
Mutually intervolve suction so that flue gas uniformly mixes with reducing agent, forms a kind of swirling flow atomizing state.This swirling flow atomizing state, with its tradition
Fluidised form compare, on the one hand can increase speed of the gaseous mixture in circumferencial direction, it is enough to ensure that flue gas has in exhaust gases passes
Stroke, make the abundant denitration of flue gas.On the other hand, flue gas spiral rather than ramp, add flue gas in exhaust gases passes
Stroke and the residence time, make flow field more uniform, degree of filling is good, makes the catalytic reduction reaction of flue gas more abundant, time of contact
It is longer, reactant contact specific surface area is increased, the present invention efficiently utilizes the space of denitrating tower, further increases denitration
Efficiency.In addition, by twice cellular catalyst rectification, make whole Flow Field Distribution more uniform, realize that quadric catalysis is anti-
Should, further improve denitration efficiency.
2nd, catalyst blockage is avoided, improves catalyst service efficiency.It is well known that board-like catalyst is urged with honeycomb fashion
Agent respectively has advantage and disadvantage, and the present invention arranges board-like catalyst in eddy flow field areas (circumferencial directions of exhaust gases passes), led in flue gas
The axial direction in road uses cellular catalyst, and organically combination is arranged for the two, and mixed flue gas is with ammonia in board-like catalysis
Under the surface high-speed rotational effect of oxidant layer, centrifuge, avoid high dust from bringing into, efficiently solve flue gas flow rate, blocking, contact
Contradiction between specific surface area.Further to avoid the dust stratification of cellular catalyst, it is provided with the interlayer of cellular catalyst
Soot blower, periodically blow dust stratification attached thereto off.Mixed flue gas with ammonia in catalyst surface, make repeatedly by high-speed rotational
Under, catalyst dust stratification was both reduced with blocking, and had alleviated catalyst failure, catalyst service efficiency is reached compared with Gao Shui again
It is flat.
3rd, the escapement ratio of ammonia is reduced.Employ one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone and two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone series connection cloth
Form pattern is put, reduces NH in denitrating tower top exit flue gas3Volume fraction, have effectively achieved the NO_x Reduction by Effective of flue gas,
Reduce NH3Escapement ratio.On the other hand based on spray ammonia feedback control system, by exporting NH3Concentration Testing, in time adjustment
Ammonia spraying amount, solve the problems, such as to spray ammonia real-time tracking dynamic control in traditional SCR device, both ensure denitration efficiency, reduce ammonia again
Escapement ratio.On the other hand, it is further optimization NH3Escapement ratio, add the escaping of ammonia feedback control system, and in denitrating tower
The exhanst gas outlet of bodies top is provided with the probe for being used for detecting ammonia density；The ammonia that ammonia feedback control system detects according to probe
Concentration data, the aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve is controlled, for controlling penetrating of the vortex atomizing nozzle to ammonia in real time
Amount, the ammonia amount and NO being sparged into exhaust gases passesxConcentration matches.Solve and ammonia real-time tracking dynamic is sprayed in traditional SCR device
Control problem, both ensure denitration efficiency, reduce further the escapement ratio of ammonia.
4th, denitration cost is reduced.Because mixed flue gas and ammonia are in one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone and two level eddy flow
The repeated action of catalytic reaction zone, flue gas NO_x Reduction by Effective is not only realized, and catalyst amount is few, and structure arrangement simplifies, cost
Cheap, technological means is more simple and easy to do, and energy consumption is low, and denitration cost is greatly reduced, significantly improves economic benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is along exhaust gases passes inner peripheral surface, and the vortex atomizing nozzle that ammonia is sprayed along circle of contact direction arranges schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is cellular catalyst structural representation.
Embodiment
The present invention is more specifically described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 3.The invention discloses a kind of swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration device, including denitrating tower body and along de-
The board-like catalyst layer 10 that the inner peripheral surface of nitre tower body is set；Board-like catalyst layer 10 forms exhaust gases passes；
Along the periphery of board-like catalyst layer 10, multiple vortex atomizing nozzles 9 are distributed with a manner of the circle of contact from bottom to top；
When flue gas enters the ammonia sprayed in exhaust gases passes and with vortex atomizing nozzle 9 by the bottom of denitrating tower body to meet, due to
Ammonia is sprayed in a manner of eddy flow, make flue gas mutually intervolved with ammonia persorption conjunction, and along the inner circle circumferential direction by exhaust gases passes with
The mode spiral of the circle of contact；Each vortex atomizing nozzle 9 is arranged on the ammonia feed system outside denitrating tower by pipeline connection.
Twice cellular catalyst 7 is provided with the exhaust gases passes；Between first of cellular catalyst and smoke inlet
Region be one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；Region between first of cellular catalyst and second cellular catalyst is
Two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone.Twice cellular catalyst 7 makes ammonia sufficiently be reacted, and improves denitration efficiency.
The top of the cellular catalyst 7 is provided with multiple soot blowers 8, and soot blower 8 is used to blow off to be attached to soot blower 8
The dust stratification on surface.Soot blower 8 connects the high steam or compressed air of outside, is blown off by high velocity air and is attached to honeycomb fashion and urges
Dust stratification in agent 7.Both dust stratification had been reduced with blocking, and had alleviated catalyst failure, catalyst service efficiency is reached compared with Gao Shui again
It is flat.
The denitrating tower body bottom portion is provided with dust stratification case 12, and the middle part of dust stratification case 12 is tubaeform logical with passing through for flue gas
Hole.Dust stratification case 12 is used to store the dust stratification by dropping down in exhaust gases passes.The middle part of dust stratification case 11 has to be passed through for flue gas
Tubaeform through hole.It is tubaeform to be beneficial to reduce the speed of service of the flue gas along exhaust gases passes direction.
Water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate 11 is provided with the smoke inlet of the denitrating tower body lower part.
The ammonia feed system includes the liquid ammonia storage tank 6 of pipeline connection, the liquefied ammonia for being evaporated to liquefied ammonia successively and steamed
Send out device 5, the ammonia dashpot 4 for entering row buffering to ammonia, ammonia/air mixer 3 for being mixed to ammonia and air
With the dilution air 2 for being diluted to ammonia；Ammonia/the air mixer 3 is connected by a pipeline with magnetic valve 13
Connect vortex atomizing nozzle 9；The outside of the denitrating tower body is additionally provided with a escaping of ammonia feedback control system 1, the denitrating tower
The exhanst gas outlet of bodies top is provided with the probe 14 for detecting ammonia density；The escaping of ammonia feedback control system 1 is according to probe 14
The concentration data of the ammonia detected, the aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve 13 is controlled, for controlling swirling flow atomizing spray in real time
Mouth 9 is to the straying quatity of ammonia, the ammonia amount being sparged into exhaust gases passes and (nitrogen oxides) NOxConcentration matches.
The denitrification process of spiral-flow plate-type SCR denitration tower of the present invention, it can be realized by following methods：
Flue gas is by the water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate 11 of denitrating tower body lower part, into the one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction in exhaust gases passes
Area, when the ammonia that flue gas and vortex atomizing nozzle 9 spray meets, because ammonia is revolved along circle of contact direction by vortex atomizing nozzle 9
Stream sprays, and flue gas is mutually intervolved persorption conjunction with ammonia, and continue along by the inner circle circumferential direction of exhaust gases passes in a manner of the circle of contact
Spiral, subsequently enter two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；The flue gas and ammonia of persorption conjunction are mutually intervolved, is catalyzed by one-level eddy flow anti-
Area is answered tangentially to wash away board-like catalyst layer 10 and cellular catalyst repeatedly into the uphill process of two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone
7, and catalytic reduction reaction occurs, increase flue gas, the specific surface area of ammonia and board-like catalyst layer 10, finally by denitrating tower sheet
Body top exit is discharged, and realizes denitrating flue gas.
The escaping of ammonia feedback is, when probe 14 detects that the concentration of ammonia in flue gas is more than preset value, the escaping of ammonia
The ammonia density data that feedback control system 1 is fed back according to the probe 14, the aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve 13 is controlled, used
Straying quatity in control vortex atomizing nozzle 9 in real time to ammonia, the ammonia amount being sparged into exhaust gases passes and NOxConcentration and preset value phase
Matching.
The present invention is not only suitable for cylindrical denitrating tower, is also adapted to the denitrating tower of rectangle or other cross sectional shapes.
As described above, the present invention can be better realized.
Embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention
With made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification, should be equivalent substitute mode, be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration device, it is characterised in that：Including denitrating tower body and the inner periphery along denitrating tower body The board-like catalyst layer (10) that face is set；Board-like catalyst layer (10) forms exhaust gases passes；Along the periphery of board-like catalyst layer (10), multiple swirling flow atomizings that multilayer is sprayed along circle of contact direction are distributed with from bottom to top Nozzle (9)；When the ammonia phase that flue gas is entered in exhaust gases passes by the bottom of denitrating tower body and sprayed with vortex atomizing nozzle (9) During chance, because ammonia sprays along circle of contact direction eddy flow, flue gas is mutually intervolved persorption with ammonia and close, and along in by exhaust gases passes Circumferencial direction spiral in a manner of the circle of contact；Each vortex atomizing nozzle (9) is arranged on the ammonia outside denitrating tower by pipeline connection Feed system；Twice cellular catalyst (7) is provided with the exhaust gases passes；Between first of cellular catalyst and smoke inlet Region is one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；Region between first of cellular catalyst and second cellular catalyst is two Level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；Multiple soot blowers (8) are provided with above the cellular catalyst (7), soot blower (8) is used to blow off to be attached to soot blowing The dust stratification on device (8) surface；Water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate (11) is provided with the smoke inlet of the denitrating tower body lower part；Flue gas is by the water conservancy diversion homogenizing plate (11) of denitrating tower body lower part, into the one-level eddy flow catalytic reaction in exhaust gases passes Area, when the ammonia of flue gas and vortex atomizing nozzle (9) injection meets, because ammonia along circle of contact direction passes through vortex atomizing nozzle (9) eddy flow sprays, and flue gas is mutually intervolved persorption conjunction with ammonia, and along the inner circle circumferential direction by exhaust gases passes in a manner of the circle of contact Continue spiral, subsequently enter two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone；The flue gas and ammonia of persorption conjunction are mutually intervolved, is urged by one-level eddy flow Change reaction zone and tangentially wash away board-like catalyst layer (10) and honeycomb fashion repeatedly into the uphill process of two level eddy flow catalytic reaction zone Catalyst (7), and catalytic reduction reaction occurs, increase flue gas, the specific surface area of ammonia and board-like catalyst layer (10), finally Exported and discharged by denitrating tower bodies top, realize denitrating flue gas；When probe (14) detects that the concentration of ammonia in flue gas is more than preset value, the escaping of ammonia feedback control system (1) is according to the spy The ammonia density data of head (14) feedback, the aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve (13) is controlled, for controlling eddy flow mist in real time Change straying quatity of the nozzle (9) to ammonia, the ammonia amount being sparged into exhaust gases passes and NOxConcentration matches with preset value.
- 2. swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ammonia feed system include according to The liquid ammonia storage tank (6) of secondary pipeline connection, for liquefied ammonia is evaporated liquid ammonia evaporator (5), for entering row buffering to ammonia Ammonia dashpot (4), for ammonia/air mixer (3) for being mixed to ammonia and air and for being diluted to ammonia Dilution air (2)；Ammonia/the air mixer (3) connects vortex atomizing nozzle (9) by a pipeline with magnetic valve (13)；It is described de- The outside of nitre tower body is additionally provided with a escaping of ammonia feedback control system (1), and the exhanst gas outlet of the denitrating tower bodies top is set It is equipped with the probe (14) for detecting ammonia density；The escaping of ammonia feedback control system (1) is dense according to probe (14) ammonia for detecting Degrees of data, the aperture of ammonia feed system and magnetic valve (13) is controlled, for controlling spray of the vortex atomizing nozzle (9) to ammonia in real time Enter amount, the ammonia amount and NO being sparged into exhaust gases passesxConcentration matches.
- 3. swirling flow atomizing SCR denitration device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The denitrating tower body bottom portion is set There is dust stratification case (12), the middle part of dust stratification case (12) has the tubaeform through hole passed through for flue gas.
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| CN105771647B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2019-06-28 | 长沙深湘通用机器有限公司 | Denitration reaction device for denitration |
| CN106706836A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-24 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Online detection device and detection method of catalyst activity of SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitrification system |
| CN107485985A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2017-12-19 | 佛山市宝粤美科技有限公司 | A kind of desulfuring and denitrifying apparatus |
| CN108187488B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-08-18 | 西安博能动力工程技术有限公司 | Annular flue gas denitration device for interlayer hearth |
| CN108744914B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-07-02 | 江苏瑞立环保工程股份有限公司 | Online autocatalytic denitration method for sintering smoke dust |
| CN110141956A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 广船国际有限公司 | A kind of scrubbing tower |
| CN110975656A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-10 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | Flue gas cyclone mixing device of SCR (Selective catalytic reduction) denitration system |
| CN111974187A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-24 | 长春净月潭供热有限公司 | Flue gas desulfurization method using magnesium oxide as desulfurizer |
| CN116036818B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-06-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating flue gas |
| CN114345120B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-07-14 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Novel ultralow emission device and process for flue gas pollutants in dry cement process |
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| CN2712446Y (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2005-07-27 | 严纯华 | Flue-gas desulfurization and denitration device |
| CN102240506B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2013-02-27 | 上海龙净环保科技工程有限公司 | Modular selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration rectification grating device |
| JP6079056B2 (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 株式会社Ihi | Denitration apparatus and denitration method |
| CN203379808U (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-01-08 | 青岛市宏泰锅炉设备有限公司 | Denitration tower for flue gas denitrification |
| CN103728994B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-08-17 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of cement plant SCR denitration efficiency monitoring control method |
| CN205145985U (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-04-13 | 华南理工大学 | Cyclone atomization SCR denitrification facility |
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