CN103995051B - Testing device and testing method for recognizing weld defects of orthotropic steel bridge deck slab - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for recognizing weld defects of orthotropic steel bridge deck slab Download PDFInfo
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- CN103995051B CN103995051B CN201410243455.6A CN201410243455A CN103995051B CN 103995051 B CN103995051 B CN 103995051B CN 201410243455 A CN201410243455 A CN 201410243455A CN 103995051 B CN103995051 B CN 103995051B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a testing device and a testing method for recognizing weld defects of an orthotropic steel bridge deck slab. The device comprises a signal generator (1), an acoustic emission transducer (2), a receiving transducer (3), an acceleration sensor (4), a signal amplifier (5), a signal acquisition processing system (6) and a hitting hammer (7), wherein the hitting hammer (7) is used for supplying a low frequency vibration signal to the bridge deck slab (8). The method comprises the following steps: calculating and drawing a straight line relationship graph of side frequency energy and hammering energy by utilizing a non-linear ultrasonic amplitude modulation phenomenon, and judging whether weld defects exist on a U rib of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab by comparing the change of a straight slope. By utilizing the non-linear ultrasonic characteristics after the defects exist on the bridge deck slab, whether the weld defects exist on the welding position of the U rib of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab and the bridge deck slab can be effectively recognized, the parts of the defects can be judged, and theories and practical methods are provided for recognizing the weld defects at the U rib of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay device of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect and method.
Background technology
Cross bridge floor board is used in Long span and large span bridge more and more.Show according to statistics, u shape
Rib and bridge floor weld crack are the main damage types of this class formation.Cross bridge floor board after the crackle that weld occurs,
If can not being timely found and taking corresponding remedial measure, under the direct effect of vehicular load, crack can be sent out rapidly
Exhibition, leads to maintenance cost to greatly improve, serious situation also has a strong impact on bridge serviceability, brings to traffic safety very big
Harm.Therefore, for guaranteeing the safety and reliability of this class formation it is necessary to propose certain method to cross bridge floor board
Weld defect carry out ONLINE RECOGNITION, evaluate in time material or On Damage State, pre- geodesic structure service life and formulate early stage
Maintenance plan.
The position while welding of cross bridge floor board is hidden, detection difficult, and crack distribution area is wide, needs in structural table
In the face of structure integrally carries out scanning, conventional lossless detection method has certain limitation.This requires to find a kind of new row
Effective method such crackle is detected, with this new method first has to crack-sensitivity, secondly detection range is big.
On defect identification method, develop in Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement more ripe Ultrasonic Nondestructive technology can provide possible
Solution route.By distributed sound sensing element it is also possible to provide the covering required for fault in material identification in certain area
Area requirement.
Very strong nonlinear acousticses effect can be shown after material damage, using material nonlinearity acoustic characteristic change Lai
Whether judgement material damage is a kind of effective method.But the theory with regard to non-linear ultrasonic characteristic is not also overripened,
Some non-linear ultrasonic phenomenons still cannot be explained, and the test method with regard to this respect all has some limitations, for
Some special engineering problems also need to further study.Do not have a kind of method of simple possible at present for orthogonal different yet
The identification of property floorings weld crack.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of test of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect
Apparatus and method, its arrangement is convenient, and simple to operate, measurement result can reflect the shape of Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck welding position
State.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of construction identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weldering
The assay device of seam defect, amplifies including signal generator, acoustic emission transducer, receive transducer, acceleration transducer, signal
Device, signal acquiring processing system and hit vibration hammer, described acoustic emission transducer, receive transducer and acceleration transducer pass through coupling
Agent is attached to bridge floor plate surface, and the high-frequency ultrasonic signal that described signal generator sends is put by acoustic emission transducer entering signal
Big device amplifies, and the signal after amplification is that described signal acquiring processing system obtains；The described vibration hammer that hits is believed to floorings low-frequency vibration
Number, it is that described signal acquiring processing system obtains that low-frequency vibration signal passes through acceleration transducer.
In such scheme, described acoustic emission transducer is attached to input point by couplant, and is connected with signal generator,
Receive transducer is attached to output point by couplant, and is connected with amplifier, and acceleration transducer is attached to by couplant
Vibration output point, and be connected with signal acquiring processing system.
In such scheme, described steel bridge deck is in suspension status.
Present invention also offers a kind of test identifying Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect using above-mentioned assay device
Method, comprises the following steps:
S1, a certain fixed amplitude being sent with signal generator and mid frequency fuUltrasonic signal is as to orthotropic steel
The carrier signal of floorings defect recognition, taps the low-frequency vibration producing as the pumping signal to defect to hit vibration hammer；Pass through
The multiple percussion repeatedly differed in size, hits, to the low frequency that the multiple amplitude of floorings is different, mode is close, the signal that shakes, i.e. multiple sizes
That does not wait hits the energy that shakes；
S2, obtain the signal of multiple passages by signal acquiring system；
S3, selection low-frequency vibration frequency spectrum [fv1,fv2] scope, power spectrum in the range of this is integrated obtain ultrasonic signal
Produced low-frequency vibration energy ev；Choose high frequency mid frequency fuBoth sides [fu-fv2,fu-fv1] and [fu+fv1,fu+fv2] frequency
Scope is as amplitude modulation side frequency scope, and power spectrum in the range of this is integrated obtain side frequency energy produced by ultrasonic signal
eb；
S4, with side frequency energy ebFor vertical coordinate, with impact energy evFor abscissa, draw the graph of a relation of both test of many times,
Carry out fitting a straight line, draw side frequency energy and impact energy associated straight line chart, and draw the slope k of this straight line, in this, as weighing apparatus
The characterization parameter of amount Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck defect state；
S5, by the Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck k value that obtains of detection and original state (generally nondestructive state or early stage shape
State) under k0Value compares, if changing, shows defective generation；And by orthotropic steel bridge deck under different conditions
Plate detection test, the situation of change of identification development of defects.
In such scheme, the ultrasonic signal that described signal generator sends is continuous sine wave, and frequency is 40～60khz.
In such scheme, Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck is in suspension status, hits vibration hammer and taps the mode of oscillation producing each time
Identical.
Implement the assay device of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect and the method for the present invention, have following beneficial
Effect:
1st, assay device of the present invention, easy and simple to handle, can be using non-linear ultrasonic feature identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck
Weld defect provides foundation and practical value；
2nd, test method of the present invention, the side frequency energy being gone out by contrast fore-and-aft survey is oblique with the fitting a straight line of hammering energy
Rate, is drawn the change of state before and after a certain survey area, and is obtained position defect by each point position；Simple and clear, survey
Amount result meets application request.
Brief description
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that the present invention identifies Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect assay device；
Fig. 2 is the floorings top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the floorings elevation of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is side frequency energy and impact energy associated straight line chart；
Fig. 5 is that the slope of No. 1 point on different section collects；
Fig. 6 is that the slope of No. 2 points on different section collects.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect, now comparison accompanying drawing describes in detail
The specific embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, present invention identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect assay device, occurs including signal
Device 1, acoustic emission transducer 2, receive transducer 3, acceleration transducer 4, signal amplifier 5, signal acquiring processing system 6 and hit
Vibration hammer 7.Acoustic emission transducer 2, receive transducer 3 and acceleration transducer 4 are attached to floorings 8 surface by couplant.Letter
Number high-frequency ultrasonic signal that generator 1 sends is amplified by acoustic emission transducer 2 entering signal amplifier 5, the signal after amplification
Obtain for signal acquiring processing system 6.Hit vibration hammer 7 to floorings 8 low-frequency vibration signal, low-frequency vibration signal is passed by acceleration
Sensor 4 obtains for signal acquiring processing system 6.
Transmitting transducer 2 is attached to input point 10 by couplant, and is connected with signal generator 1, and receive transducer 3 is led to
Overcoupling agent is attached to output point 9, and is connected with amplifier, and acceleration transducer 4 is attached to vibration output point by couplant
11, and be connected with signal acquiring processing system 6.Acoustic emission transducer 2 may be arranged in the middle of two u ribs 13 of floorings, and reception is changed
Energy device 3 may be arranged at floorings adjacent u rib or the multiple u ribs 13 of leap are arranged, and beating position 12 can be controlled in transmitting transducing
The vicinity of device 2, acceleration transducer 4 may be arranged at the side of beating position 12.
Further, multiple transducer arrangements of penetrating, before floorings 8, must apply coupling material.Acoustic emission transducer 2 and signal
Generator 1 is connected, and receive transducer 3 is connected with amplifier 5, and acceleration transducer 4 is connected with signal acquiring processing system 6.
Present invention also offers a kind of test identifying Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect using above-mentioned assay device
Method, comprises the following steps:
S1, a certain fixed amplitude being sent with signal generator and mid frequency fuUltrasonic signal (continuous sine wave, frequency
40～60khz) as the carrier signal to Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck defect recognition, to tap the low-frequency vibration of generation as right
The pumping signal of defect.By the multiple percussion repeatedly differed in size, to the low frequency that the multiple amplitude of floorings is different, mode is close
Hit the signal that shakes, that is, multiple differ in size hit the energy that shakes.
S2, obtain the signal (include high-frequency ultrasonic signal and low-frequency vibration signal) of multiple passages by signal acquiring system
x1,x2,x3；
S3, selection low-frequency vibration frequency spectrum [fv1,fv2] scope, power spectrum in the range of this is integrated obtain ultrasonic signal
Produced low-frequency vibration energy ev；Choose high frequency mid frequency fuBoth sides [fu-fv2,fu-fv1] and [fu+fv1,fu+fv2] frequency
Scope is as amplitude modulation side frequency scope, and power spectrum in the range of this is integrated obtain side frequency energy produced by ultrasonic signal
eb；
S4, with side frequency energy ebFor vertical coordinate, with impact energy evFor abscissa, draw the graph of a relation of both test of many times,
Carry out fitting a straight line, draw side frequency energy and impact energy associated straight line chart, and draw the slope k of this straight line, in this, as weighing apparatus
The characterization parameter of amount Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck defect state.
K under s5, the k value and original state that Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck detection is obtained0Value compares, if becoming
Change, then show defective generation；And by Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck detection test under different conditions, the change of identification development of defects
Change situation.
The concrete detection example of of the present invention is as follows: identification one Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect, this is orthogonal different
Property the long 1.5m of steel bridge deck test specimen, wide 0.52m, material be q235 steel, plate thickness 3.2mm, u shape rib thickness 2mm.
S1, holding high-frequency ultrasonic signal (continuous sine wave) input amplitude 100mvpp and frequency 55khz are constant, use size
Three power not waited tap floorings, shake to three of different sizes hitting of floorings, its low frequency signal peak swing is respectively
100mv, 200mv, 300mv, represent three differ in size hit the level of shaking；
S2, by signal acquiring system obtain a passage high-frequency ultrasonic signal, sample frequency 2mhz, sampling length n
=1000000, frequency resolution 1hz；
S3, selection low frequency 80～400hz scope rumble spectrum, are integrated suing for peace, obtain tapping the vibrational energy causing
Representative value；Choose high frequency mid frequency both sides 54.6～54.92khz and 55.08～55.4khz scope as amplitude modulation side frequency model
Enclose, power spectrum in the range of this is integrated obtain side frequency energy representative value produced by ultrasonic signal；
S4, with side frequency energy as vertical coordinate, with impact energy as abscissa, draw both graphs of a relation, intended by straight line
Conjunction, drafting side frequency energy and impact energy associated straight line chart, and draw the slope k of this straight line, as shown in figure 4, k=in Fig. 4
0.3174；
S5, all straight slope k recording in process of the test are collected, Fig. 5 is the slope of a side point on different section
Collect, Fig. 6 is that the slope of c side point on different section collects.In figure d0, d1, d2And d3Respectively correspond to test specimen original state, first
Secondary introducing crack state, second and third time crack extended mode, 5#, 3#, 1#, 0#, 2#, 4# and 6# etc. represent test specimen along u
Rib longitudinal space cross section place；
S6, the change of observation slope understand, the c side point of 4# section and 6# section all defect, and defect constantly increases,
All defect in point on other sections, assumes corresponding relation with actual fractue spacing and development.
Assay device of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, can be using non-linear ultrasonic feature identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld seam
Defect provides foundation and practical value.Test method of the present invention is by contrasting the side frequency energy that fore-and-aft survey goes out and hammering energy
Fitting a straight line slope, is drawn the change of state before and after a certain survey area, and is obtained position defect by each point position；Letter
Single clear, measurement result meets application request.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned concrete
Embodiment, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematically, rather than restricted, those of ordinary skill in the art
Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, also can make a lot
Form, these belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of assay device of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect is it is characterised in that include signal generator
(1), acoustic emission transducer (2), receive transducer (3), acceleration transducer (4), signal amplifier (5), signal acquisition process
System (6) and hit vibration hammer (7), described acoustic emission transducer (2), receive transducer (3) and acceleration transducer (4) pass through coupling
Agent is attached to floorings (8) surface, and the high-frequency ultrasonic signal that described signal generator (1) sends passes through acoustic emission transducer (2)
Entering signal amplifier (5) amplifies, and the frequency of the ultrasonic signal that described signal generator (1) sends is 40 ~ 60khz, after amplification
Signal be described signal acquiring processing system (6) obtain；The described vibration hammer (7) that hits is to floorings (8) low-frequency vibration signal, low frequency
Vibration signal is that described signal acquiring processing system (6) obtains by acceleration transducer (4)；Acoustic emission transducer (2) is arranged
In the middle of (8) two u ribs (13) of floorings, receive transducer (3) is arranged in the adjacent u rib of floorings (8) (13) or crosses over multiple u
Rib (13) is arranged.
2. the assay device of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
State acoustic emission transducer (2) and input point (10) is attached to by couplant, and be connected with signal generator (1), receive transducer
(3) output point (9) is attached to by couplant, and is connected with amplifier, acceleration transducer (4) is attached to by couplant and shakes
Dynamic output point (11), and be connected with signal acquiring processing system (6).
3. the assay device of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
State floorings (8) and be in suspension status.
4. a kind of usage right requires the assay device in 1 to identify the test method of Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect, its
It is characterised by, comprise the following steps:
S1, a certain fixed amplitude being sent with signal generator and mid frequencyf uUltrasonic signal is as to orthotropic steel bridge deck
The carrier signal of board defect identification, taps the low-frequency vibration producing as the pumping signal to defect to hit vibration hammer；By multiple
The multiple percussion differed in size, hits, to the low frequency that the multiple amplitude of floorings is different, mode is close, the signal that shakes, and that is, multiple differs in size
Hit the energy that shakes；
S2, obtain the signal of multiple passages by signal acquiring system；
S3, choose low-frequency vibration frequency spectrum [f v1,f v2] scope, power spectrum in the range of this is integrated with acquisition ultrasonic signal and is produced
Raw low-frequency vibration energy ev；Choose high frequency mid frequencyf uBoth sides [f u-f v2,f u-f v1] and [f u+f v1,f u+f v2]
Frequency range is as amplitude modulation side frequency scope, and power spectrum in the range of this is integrated obtain side frequency energy produced by ultrasonic signal
Amount eb；
S4, with side frequency energy ebFor vertical coordinate, with impact energy evFor abscissa, draw the graph of a relation of both test of many times, carry out
Fitting a straight line, drafting side frequency energy and impact energy associated straight line chart, and draw the slope k of this straight line, in this, as measurement just
Hand over the characterization parameter of different in nature steel bridge deck defect state；
K under s5, the k value and original state that Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck detection is obtained0Value compares, if changing, table
Bright defective generation；And by Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck detection test under different conditions, the situation of change of identification development of defects.
5. the test method of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that institute
Stating the ultrasonic signal that signal generator sends is continuous sine wave.
6. the test method of identification Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck weld defect according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that just
Different in nature steel bridge deck is handed over to be in suspension status, the mode of oscillation hitting each percussion generation of vibration hammer is identical.
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| CN201410243455.6A CN103995051B (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Testing device and testing method for recognizing weld defects of orthotropic steel bridge deck slab |
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| CN201410243455.6A CN103995051B (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Testing device and testing method for recognizing weld defects of orthotropic steel bridge deck slab |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160084802A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Process for determining weld quality using flexural characteristics |
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| CN104407049B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2018-07-31 | 湖南工程学院 | A kind of micro-crack nondestructive detection system and its detection method |
| JP6385911B2 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2018-09-05 | 株式会社東芝 | Detection system, information processing apparatus, and detection method |
| CN106442727B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-02-26 | 东北大学 | A kind of method and system recognizing hard coat material mechanics parameters |
| JP7228456B2 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2023-02-24 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Identification device, identification method, and identification processing program |
| CN110161118B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2021-11-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Steel plate crack detection method based on ultrasonic guided wave principle |
| CN111505124A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 中山市恒德建筑工程检测有限公司 | Weld joint detection device for steel structure engineering |
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| CN102967657B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-12-17 | 河海大学常州校区 | Nondestructive testing device and method based on synthetic aperture ultrasonic imaging technique |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20160084802A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Process for determining weld quality using flexural characteristics |
| US9851332B2 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-12-26 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Process for determining weld quality using flexural characteristics |
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