CN103992802A - Liquid crystal alignment agent, liquid crystal alignment film, method for forming liquid crystal alignment film, liquid crystal display element, and polyorganosiloxane compounds - Google Patents

Liquid crystal alignment agent, liquid crystal alignment film, method for forming liquid crystal alignment film, liquid crystal display element, and polyorganosiloxane compounds Download PDF

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CN103992802A
CN103992802A CN201410164198.7A CN201410164198A CN103992802A CN 103992802 A CN103992802 A CN 103992802A CN 201410164198 A CN201410164198 A CN 201410164198A CN 103992802 A CN103992802 A CN 103992802A
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crystal aligning
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acid
carbonatoms
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CN103992802B (en
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秋池利之
中田正一
平井刚
菅野尚基
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JSR Corp
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    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/22—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
    • C08G77/26—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen nitrogen-containing groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/22—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
    • C08G77/24—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen halogen-containing groups
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    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
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    • C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/56—Aligning agents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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Abstract

The present invention provides a liquid crystal alignment film which fully satisfies that as a liquid crystal display element in the practical aspects requires characteristics such as liquid crystal alignment properties, voltage retention and light resistance, etc.; a method for forming the liquid crystal alignment film; a liquid crystal alignment agent which has excellent storage stability suitable for as a forming material of the liquid crystal alignment film and can adopt the liquid crystal alignment film formed by photoalignment; and a liquid crystal display element having the liquid crystal alignment film. The liquid crystal alignment agent comprises [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds having at least one structure selected from the group consisting of a piperidine structure, a phenol structure and an aniline structure.

Description

Formation method, liquid crystal display device and the polyorganosiloxane compounds of liquid crystal aligning agent, liquid crystal orientation film, liquid crystal orientation film
The present invention is that the denomination of invention of application on June 1st, 2011 is the divisional application of No. 201110152309.9 application for a patent for invention of " formation method, liquid crystal display device and the polyorganosiloxane compounds of liquid crystal aligning agent, liquid crystal orientation film, liquid crystal orientation film ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to forming method and possessing the liquid crystal display device of this liquid crystal orientation film of the polyorganosiloxane compounds using in a kind of liquid crystal aligning agent that is suitable as liquid crystal aligning film formation material, this liquid crystal aligning agent, the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent, liquid crystal orientation film.
Background technology
It is little that liquid crystal display device has power consumption, and the advantages such as easy miniaturization and complanation, therefore can be widely used in the liquid crystal indicator such as portable phone, LCD TV.As the display mode of liquid crystal indicator, for example, in patent documentation 1～4, disclose according to the variation of liquid crystal molecular orientation state, and there is the liquid crystal display device of the liquid crystal cells such as switch type (IPS type), vertical orientating type (VA type) in twisted nematic (TN type), super-twist nematic (STN type), face.
The operation logic of above-mentioned various liquid crystal display device can roughly be divided into infiltration type and reflection-type.Infiltration type is by showing from the backlight at the element back side.The liquid crystal orientation film that this permeation type liquid crystal display element possesses, due to the light being exposed to for a long time from backlight, therefore, in the time that the high backlights of exposure intensity such as using metal halide lamp irradiates, has the defect that relates to temperature rise and produce.On the other hand, reflection-type is not used backlight, but shows from outside reflection of light light by sunlight etc., therefore little power consumption compared with infiltration type, but it is exposed to intensive ultraviolet always.In addition, in the manufacturing process of liquid crystal display device, consider from viewpoints such as reduction steps, mode under the liquid crystal drop that can adopt, comprises uviolizing operation.Therefore, any liquid crystal display device all requires good thermotolerance and photostabilization.In addition, liquid crystal display device in recent years also wishes that the electrical specifications such as its liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention are good, and can not produce image retention problem.
Therefore, developed one and formed by specific polysiloxane solution, the technology (with reference to patent documentation 5) of the liquid crystal orientation film that thermotolerance and photostabilization are good.But along with manufacturing environment and environment for use are more and more stricter in recent years, even if adopt this technology also cannot meet above-mentioned requirements performance, the storage stability of coating fluid is also not enough in addition, is therefore not easy to use in industry.
In view of this situation, wish that exploitation one fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical, and can adopt optical alignment method to form the good liquid crystal aligning agent of storage stability of liquid crystal orientation film.
Prior art
[patent documentation]
[patent documentation 1] Japanese kokai publication hei 4-153622 communique
[patent documentation 2] Japanese kokai publication sho 60-107020 communique
[patent documentation 3] Japanese kokai publication sho 56-91277 communique
No. 5928733 patent of [patent documentation 4] U.S.
[patent documentation 5] Japanese kokai publication hei 9-281502 communique
[patent documentation 6] Japanese kokai publication hei 6-287453 communique
[patent documentation 7] TOHKEMY 2003-307736 communique
[patent documentation 8] TOHKEMY 2004-163646 communique
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on above-mentioned situation and carry out, its objective is a kind of liquid crystal orientation film that fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical is provided; The formation method of this liquid crystal orientation film; The storage stability that is suitable as liquid crystal aligning film formation material is good, and can adopt optical alignment method to form the liquid crystal aligning agent of liquid crystal orientation film; And possesses the liquid crystal display device of liquid crystal orientation film.
A kind of liquid crystal aligning agent for the invention that addresses the above problem, its contain there is piperidine structure, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of phenol structure or aniline structure.
The storage stability of this liquid crystal aligning agent is good, and the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical.
Above-mentioned piperidine structure preferably represents by following formula (A-1 '), and phenol structure optimization represents by following formula (A-2 '), and aniline structure is preferably represented by following formula (A-3 ').
(formula (A-1 ') in,
R 1for hydrogen atom, the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1～6, the aryl that carbonatoms is 6～20, aralkyl or 1,3-, bis-oxygen-butyls that carbonatoms is 7～13.
R 2～R 5the aralkyl that the aryl that the alkyl that is 1～6 for carbonatoms independently of one another, carbonatoms are 6～12 or carbonatoms are 7～13.
X 1for singly-bound, carbonyl or *-CONH-.X 2～X 5be independently of one another singly-bound, carbonyl, *-CH 2-CO-or *-CH 2-CH (OH)-.The represented connecting key of * is connected with piperidine ring.
* represented connecting key is connected with main chain or the side chain of organopolysiloxane skeleton.)
(formula (A-2 ') in, R 6for the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1～16.And abovementioned alkyl can have Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, carbonyl, ester group or by the two or more groups that combine in them in skeletal chain.N is 0～4 integer.* represented connecting key is connected with main chain or the side chain of organopolysiloxane skeleton.)
(formula (A-3 ') in, R 7and R 8the alkyl that is 1～16 for carbonatoms independently of one another.And abovementioned alkyl can have Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, carbonyl, ester group or by the two or more groups that combine in them in skeletal chain.* represented connecting key is connected with main chain or the side chain of organopolysiloxane skeleton.)
In this liquid crystal aligning agent, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, preferably contain and come from least one the part of selecting in the group being formed by the condenses of the organopolysiloxane with the represented structural unit of following formula (1), its hydrolyzate and this hydrolyzate, and come from the part of at least one compound of selecting in the group of the compound formation represented by following formula (A-1), formula (A-2) and formula (A-3).
(in formula (1), X afor thering is 1 valency organic group of epoxy group(ing).Y afor hydroxyl, the carbonatoms alkoxyl group that is 1～10, alkyl that carbonatoms is 1～20 or the carbonatoms aryl that is 6～20.)
(in formula (A-1), R 1～R 5and X 1～X 5with above-mentioned formula (A-1 ') synonym.
In formula (A-2), R 6with above-mentioned formula (A-2 ') synonym.
In formula (A-3), R 7and R 8with above-mentioned formula (A-3 ') synonym.
In formula (A-1)～(A-3), Y is the alkane 2 basis that singly-bound, carbonatoms are 1～16.And above-mentioned alkane 2 basis can have Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, carbonyl, ester group, amide group or by the two or more groups that combine in them in structure.Z is carboxyl or hydroxyl.)
In this liquid crystal aligning agent, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds comes from owing to containing at least one the part of selecting in the group being made up of the condenses of the organopolysiloxane with the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (1), its hydrolyzate and this hydrolyzate, the structure therefore can easily piperidine structure etc. to radical-scavenging ability imports in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, thereby improves photostabilization.
In this liquid crystal aligning agent, the X in above-mentioned formula (1) a, be preferably following formula (X a-1) or formula (X a-2) represented group, and following formula (X more preferably a-1-1) or (X a-2-1) represented group.
(formula (X a-1) and formula (X a-2) in, the integer that s is 0～3.T is 1～6 integer.U is 0～2 integer.V is 0～6 integer.* represented connecting key is connected with Siliciumatom.)
(formula (X a-1-1) and formula (X a-2-1) in, the represented connecting key of * is connected with Siliciumatom.)
By adopting above-mentioned special groups as the above-mentioned 1 valency organic group with epoxy group(ing), be easy to the part that comes from the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (A-1), formula (A-2) or formula (A-3) to import in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of this liquid crystal aligning agent.
In this liquid crystal aligning agent, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds preferably comprises the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy.[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, by comprising the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, can further improve liquid crystal aligning energy.
Above-mentioned have liquid crystal aligning can structure, the organic group that preferably to have by the carbonatoms with steroid skeleton be 17～51, the alkyl that carbonatoms is 2～20, fluoro-alkyl, cyclohexyl that carbonatoms is 1～20, to have alkoxy aryl that carbonatoms is 2～20 alkyl, have alkyl-cyclohexyl that carbonatoms is 1～20 alkyl, have carbonatoms be the fluoro-alkyl cyclohexyl of 1～20 fluoro-alkyl and to have carbonatoms be at least one group of selecting in the group that forms of the fluoroalkyl cyclohexyl of 1～20 fluoroalkyl.There is the structure of liquid crystal aligning energy, by thering is above-mentioned special groups (following, to be sometimes referred to as " liquid crystal aligning group "), can give better liquid crystal aligning energy to this liquid crystal aligning agent.
The above-mentioned structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, preferably has the represented structure of following formula (B-1).
(in formula (B-1), the integer that m is 0～4.)
Because the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy has above-mentioned ad hoc structure, even therefore by optical alignment method, also can form liquid crystal orientation film by this liquid crystal aligning agent.
This liquid crystal aligning agent, preferably further contains at least one polymkeric substance (following, to be sometimes referred to as " [B] polymkeric substance ") of selecting in the group that [B] be made up of polyamic acid and polyimide.The liquid crystal aligning agent that further contains [B] polymkeric substance by using is made liquid crystal orientation film, can obtain the liquid crystal display device that the electrical specifications such as voltage retention are further improved.
This liquid crystal aligning agent preferably further contains the polyorganosiloxane compounds that [C] have the represented structural unit of following formula (2) (following, to be sometimes referred to as " [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds ").
(in formula (2), X bfor hydroxyl, halogen atom, the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1～20, alkoxyl group that carbonatoms is 1～6 or the carbonatoms aryl that is 6～20.Y bfor hydroxyl or the carbonatoms alkoxyl group that is 1～10.)
This liquid crystal aligning agent, by further containing [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, can promote the crosslinked of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, thereby can further improve the voltage retention etc. of the liquid crystal display device of gained.
The formation method of liquid crystal orientation film of the present invention, has:
(1) liquid crystal aligning agent that comprises [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds is coated on substrate, form the operation of film, should comprise the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy with the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (B-1) by [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, and
(2) at least a portion of film operation (1) being formed is irradiated the operation of radioactive rays.
By using the formation method of the present invention of this liquid crystal aligning agent, can form the liquid crystal orientation film that fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical.
The liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent and the liquid crystal display device that possesses this liquid crystal orientation film also suitably comprise in the present invention.Possess the application's of the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent liquid crystal display device, can be suitably for display unit such as such as clock and watch, portable game machine, word processor, notebook computer, auto-navigation system, pick up camera, portable data assistance, digital camera, mobile telephone, various indicating meter, LCD TV.
In addition, above-mentioned R 1represented carbonatoms is 6～20 aryl, aralkyl, the R that carbonatoms is 7～13 2～R 5part or all of the hydrogen atom that the aralkyl that the alkyl that represented carbonatoms is 1～6, the aryl that carbonatoms is 6～12 and carbonatoms are 7～13 has can be substituted.
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of liquid crystal orientation film that fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical, this liquid crystal orientation film formation method, be suitable as liquid crystal aligning film formation material storage stability good, and can adopt optical alignment method to form the liquid crystal aligning agent of liquid crystal orientation film and possess the liquid crystal display device of liquid crystal orientation film.Possess the application's of the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent liquid crystal display device, can be suitably for display unit such as such as clock and watch, portable game machine, word processor, notebook computer, auto-navigation system, pick up camera, portable data assistance, digital camera, mobile telephone, various indicating meter, LCD TV.
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
< liquid crystal aligning agent >
Liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention, contains [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds with at least one structure of selecting in the group being made up of piperidine structure, phenol structure or aniline structure.The storage stability of this liquid crystal aligning agent is good, and the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical.In addition, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds preferably comprises the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, and it is (following that this liquid crystal aligning agent preferably contains [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds polymkeric substance in addition, be sometimes referred to as " other polymkeric substance "), further, only otherwise damage effect of the present invention, this liquid crystal aligning agent can contain optional member.Below, to [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, have liquid crystal aligning can structure, other polymkeric substance and optional member describe in detail.
<[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds >
[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, has at least one structure of selecting in the group being made up of piperidine structure, phenol structure or aniline structure.In addition, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds preferably contains and comes from that to have the organopolysiloxane of the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (1) (following, be sometimes referred to as " organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing) ") part, and come from the part of at least one compound of selecting in the group being formed by the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (A-1), formula (A-2) and formula (A-3).This [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, can obtain by organopolysiloxane the reacting of compound represented with above-mentioned formula (A-1), formula (A-2) or formula (A-3) with epoxy group(ing).In this liquid crystal aligning agent, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, come from owing to containing at least one the part of selecting in the group being formed by the condenses of the organopolysiloxane with the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (1), its hydrolyzate and this hydrolyzate, the structure therefore can easily piperidine structure etc. to radical-scavenging ability imports in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, thereby improves photostabilization.Below, the organopolysiloxane with piperidine structure, phenol structure, aniline structure and epoxy group(ing) is described in detail.
[piperidine structure]
The piperidine structure having as [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, is preferably the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (A-1 ').
There is [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of this piperidine structure, can obtain by organopolysiloxane the reacting of compound represented with above-mentioned formula (A-1) with epoxy group(ing).
As above-mentioned R 1～R 5represented carbonatoms is 1～6 alkyl, can be straight chain shape or branched any, can enumerate such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl etc.
As above-mentioned R 1represented carbonatoms is 6～20 aryl, can enumerate such as phenyl, naphthyl, aminobenzoic acid etc.In addition the alkoxyl group that part or all of the hydrogen atom that, the aromatic nucleus of aryl has is preferably 1～4 by formyl radical or carbonatoms replaces.
As above-mentioned R 1～R 5represented carbonatoms is 7～13 aralkyl, can enumerate such as benzyl, styroyl etc.In addition the alkoxyl group that part or all of the hydrogen atom that, the aromatic nucleus of aralkyl has is preferably 1～4 by formyl radical or carbonatoms replaces.
As above-mentioned R 2～R 5represented carbonatoms is 6～12 aryl, can enumerate such as phenyl, naphthyl etc.In addition the alkoxyl group that part or all of the hydrogen atom that, the aromatic nucleus of aryl has is preferably 1～4 by formyl radical or carbonatoms replaces.
As above-mentioned R 2～R 5represented carbonatoms is 1～4 alkoxyl group, can enumerate such as methoxyl group, oxyethyl group, positive propoxy etc.
As the Z in above-mentioned formula (A-1), be preferably carboxyl, for example, the compound that following formula (A-1-1)～(A-1-4) is represented, can be enumerated as the preference of formula (A-1).
As the ratio of (A-1 ') structure in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, with respect to X a, be preferably 2 % by mole～80 % by mole, more preferably 5 % by mole～75 % by mole, and be particularly preferably 25 % by mole～60 % by mole.
[phenol structure]
The phenol structure having as [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, is preferably the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (A-2 ').
There is [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of this phenol structure, can obtain by organopolysiloxane the reacting of compound represented with above-mentioned formula (A-2) with epoxy group(ing).
As above-mentioned R 6represented carbonatoms is 1～16 alkyl, can be straight chain shape or branched any, can enumerate such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl etc.
As the Z in above-mentioned formula (A-2), be preferably carboxyl, for example, the compound that following formula (A-2-1)～(A-2-7) is represented, can be enumerated as the preference of formula (A-2).
As the ratio of (A-2 ') structure in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, with respect to X a, be preferably 10 % by mole～90 % by mole, more preferably 20 % by mole～80 % by mole, and be particularly preferably 25 % by mole～75 % by mole.
[aniline structure]
The aniline structure having as [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, is preferably the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (A-3 ').
There is [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of this aniline structure, can obtain by organopolysiloxane the reacting of compound represented with above-mentioned formula (A-3) with epoxy group(ing).
As above-mentioned R 7and R 8represented carbonatoms is 1～16 alkyl, can enumerate and the identical alkyl of alkyl illustrated in above-mentioned formula (A-2).
As the Z in above-mentioned formula (A-3), be preferably carboxyl, for example, the compound that following formula (A-3-1)～(A-3-8) is represented, can be enumerated as the preference of formula (A-3).
As the ratio of (A-3 ') structure in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, with respect to X a, be preferably 10 % by mole～90 % by mole, more preferably 20 % by mole～80 % by mole, and be particularly preferably 25 % by mole～75 % by mole.
[thering is the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing)]
There is the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing), refer in the structure of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, comprise the organopolysiloxane skeleton as main polymer chain, and from this organopolysiloxane branch concept containing epoxy group(ing) skeleton as main polymer chain out.
As the X in above-mentioned formula (1) athe represented 1 valency organic group with epoxy group(ing), as long as having 1 valency organic group of epoxy group(ing), is just not particularly limited, and can enumerate group for example comprising glycidyl, glycidoxypropyl, epoxy group(ing) cyclohexyl etc.Wherein, X abe preferably above-mentioned formula (X a-1) or (X a-2) represented group, and above-mentioned formula (X more preferably a-1-1) or (X a-2-1) represented group.By adopting above-mentioned special groups as the above-mentioned 1 valency organic group with epoxy group(ing), be easy to the part that comes from the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (A-1), formula (A-2) or formula (A-3) to import in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of this liquid crystal aligning agent.
As the Y in above-mentioned formula (1) arepresented carbonatoms is 1～10 alkoxyl group, can enumerate such as methoxyl group, oxyethyl group, positive propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy etc.
As the Y in above-mentioned formula (1) arepresented carbonatoms is 1～20 alkyl, can enumerate such as straight chain shape or branched methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, lauryl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl etc.
As the Y in above-mentioned formula (1) arepresented carbonatoms is 6～20 aryl, can enumerate such as phenyl, naphthyl etc.
[thering is the synthetic method of the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing)]
There is the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing), can be by preferably under the existence of suitable organic solvent, water and catalyzer, preferably make to have the silane compound of epoxy group(ing) or there is the silane compound of epoxy group(ing) and the mixture of other silane compound, being hydrolyzed or hydrolytic condensation and synthesizing.
As the silane compound with epoxy group(ing), can enumerate for example 3-glycidoxypropyltrimewasxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl triethoxyl silane, 3-glycidoxypropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl dimethyl methyl TMOS, 3-glycidoxypropyl dimethylethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxy group(ing) cyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 2-(3,4-epoxy group(ing) cyclohexyl) ethyl triethoxysilane etc.They can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
As other silane compound, can enumerate for example tetrachloro silicane, tetramethoxy-silicane, tetraethoxysilane, four positive propoxy silane, tetraisopropoxysilan, four n-butoxy silane, four sec-butoxy silane, trichlorosilane, Trimethoxy silane, triethoxyl silane, three positive propoxy silane, three isopropoxy silane, three n-butoxy silane, three sec-butoxy silane, fluorine trichlorosilane, fluorine Trimethoxy silane, fluorine triethoxyl silane, fluorine three positive propoxy silane, fluorine three isopropoxy silane, fluorine three n-butoxy silane, fluorine three sec-butoxy silane, METHYL TRICHLORO SILANE, methyltrimethoxy silane, Union carbide A-162, methyl three positive propoxy silane, methyl three isopropoxy silane, methyl three n-butoxy silane, methyl three sec-butoxy silane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl trichlorosilane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl triethoxysilane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl three positive propoxy silane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl three isopropoxy silane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl three n-butoxy silane, 2-(trifluoromethyl) ethyl three sec-butoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl trichlorosilane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl triethoxysilane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl three positive propoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl three isopropoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl three n-butoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-hexyl) ethyl three sec-butoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl trichlorosilane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl triethoxysilane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl three positive propoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl three isopropoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl three n-butoxy silane, 2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl three sec-butoxy silane, hydroxymethyl trichlorosilane, hydroxymethyl Trimethoxy silane, hydroxyethyl Trimethoxy silane, hydroxymethyl three positive propoxy silane, hydroxymethyl three isopropoxy silane, hydroxymethyl three n-butoxy silane, hydroxymethyl three sec-butoxy silane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyltrichlorosilan, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl-triethoxysilicane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl group three positive propoxy silane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl group three isopropoxy silane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl group three n-butoxy silane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl group three sec-butoxy silane, 3-sulfydryl propyltrichlorosilan, 3-sulfydryl propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-sulfydryl propyl-triethoxysilicane, 3-sulfydryl propyl group three positive propoxy silane, 3-sulfydryl propyl group three isopropoxy silane, 3-sulfydryl propyl group three n-butoxy silane, 3-sulfydryl propyl group three sec-butoxy silane, mercapto methyl Trimethoxy silane, mercapto methyl triethoxyl silane, vinyl trichloro silane, vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyl three positive propoxy silane, vinyl silane triisopropoxide, vinyl three n-butoxy silane, vinyl three sec-butoxy silane, allyltrichlorosilane, allyltrimethoxysilanis, allyltriethoxysilane, allyl group three positive propoxy silane, allyl group three isopropoxy silane, allyl group three n-butoxy silane, allyl group three sec-butoxy silane, phenyl-trichloro-silicane, phenyltrimethoxysila,e, phenyl triethoxysilane, phenyl three positive propoxy silane, phenyl three isopropoxy silane, phenyl three n-butoxy silane, phenyl three sec-butoxy silane, dimethyl dichlorosilane (DMCS), methyl dimethoxysilane, methyldiethoxysilane, methyl two positive propoxy silane, methyl diisopropoxy silane, methyl two n-butoxy silane, methyl di-secondary butoxy silane, dimethyldichlorosilane(DMCS), dimethyldimethoxysil,ne, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyl two positive propoxy silane, dimethyl diisopropoxy silane, dimethyl two n-butoxy silane, dimethyl di-secondary butoxy silane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] dichlorosilane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] dimethoxy silane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] diethoxy silane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] two positive propoxy silane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] diisopropoxy silane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] two n-butoxy silane, (methyl) [2-(perfluor n-octyl) ethyl] di-secondary butoxy silane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) dichlorosilane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) dimethoxy silane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) diethoxy silane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) two positive propoxy silane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) diisopropoxy silane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) two n-butoxy silane, (methyl) (3-sulfydryl propyl group) di-secondary butoxy silane, (methyl) (vinyl) dichlorosilane, (methyl) (vinyl) dimethoxy silane, (methyl) (vinyl) diethoxy silane, (methyl) (vinyl) two positive propoxy silane, (methyl) (vinyl) diisopropoxy silane, (methyl) (vinyl) two n-butoxy silane, (methyl) (vinyl) di-secondary butoxy silane, divinyl dichlorosilane, divinyl dimethoxy silane, divinyl diethoxy silane, divinyl two positive propoxy silane, divinyl diisopropoxy silane, divinyl two n-butoxy silane, divinyl di-secondary butoxy silane, diphenyl dichlorosilane, dimethoxydiphenylsilane, phenylbenzene diethoxy silane, phenylbenzene two positive propoxy silane, phenylbenzene diisopropoxy silane, phenylbenzene two n-butoxy silane, phenylbenzene di-secondary butoxy silane, Chlorodimethyl silane, methoxyl group dimethylsilane, oxyethyl group dimethylsilane, chlorine trimethyl silane, trimethylammonium bromide silane, iodine trimethyl silane, methoxytrimethylsilane, ethoxytrimethylsilane, positive propoxy trimethyl silane, IPOTMS isopropyloxy trimethylsilane, n-butoxy trimethyl silane, sec-butoxy trimethyl silane, tert.-butoxy trimethyl silane, (chlorine) (vinyl) dimethylsilane, (methoxyl group) (vinyl) dimethylsilane, (oxyethyl group) (vinyl) dimethylsilane, (chlorine) (methyl) diphenyl silane, (methoxyl group) (methyl) diphenyl silane, (oxyethyl group) (methyl) diphenyl silane etc. has the silane compound of 1 Siliciumatom etc.They can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
Can be used as the material of commodity purchasing, can enumerate for example KC-89, KC-89S, X-21-3153, X-21-5841, X-21-5842, X-21-5843, X-21-5844, X-21-5845, X-21-5846, X-21-5847, X-21-5848, X-22-160AS, X-22-170B, X-22-170BX, X-22-170D, X-22-170DX, X-22-176B, X-22-176D, X-22-176DX, X-22-176F, X-40-2308, X-40-2651, X-40-2655A, X-40-2671, X-40-2672, X-40-9220, X-40-9225, X-40-9227, X-40-9246, X-40-9247, X-40-9250, X-40-9323, X-41-1053, X-41-1056, X-41-1805, X-41-1810, KF6001, KF6002, KF6003, KR212, KR-213, KR-217, KR220L, KR242A, KR271, KR282, KR300, KR311, KR401N, KR500, KR510, KR5206, KR5230, KR5235, KR9218, KR9706 (more than, chemical industrial company of SHIN-ETSU HANTOTAI),
グ ラ ス レ ジ Application (clear and electrician company);
SH804, SH805, SH806A, SH840, SR2400, SR2402, SR2405, SR2406, SR2410, SR2411, SR2416, SR2420 (above ， East レ ダ ウ コ ー ニ Application グ society);
FZ3711, FZ3722 (more than, Japanese ユ ニ カ ー society);
DMS-S12, DMS-S15, DMS-S21, DMS-S27, DMS-S31, DMS-S32, DMS-S33, DMS-S35, DMS-S38, DMS-S42, DMS-S45, DMS-S51, DMS-227, PSD-0332, PDS-1615, PDS-9931, XMS-5025 (more than, チ ッ ソ company);
Methyl silicate MS51, methyl silicate MS56 (more than, Mitsubishi Chemical Ind);
Tetraethyl silicate 28, ethyl silicate 40, tetraethyl silicate 48 (more than, コ ル コ ー ト company);
The partial condensate of GR100, GR650, GR908, GR950 (more than, clear and electrician company) etc.
In these other silane compounds, preferably tetramethoxy-silicane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxy silane, Union carbide A-162, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-(methyl) acryloxy propyl-triethoxysilicane, vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, allyltrimethoxysilanis, allyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysila,e, phenyl triethoxysilane, 3-sulfydryl propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-sulfydryl propyl-triethoxysilicane, mercapto methyl Trimethoxy silane, mercapto methyl triethoxyl silane, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne or dimethyldiethoxysilane.
As the epoxy equivalent (weight) of organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing), be preferably 100g/ mole～10000g/ mole, more preferably 150g/ mole～1000g/ mole, and be particularly preferably 150g/ mole～300g/ mole.Therefore, synthetic while having the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing), as the usage ratio of silane compound He other silane compound with epoxy group(ing), the epoxy equivalent (weight) that is preferably set to the organopolysiloxane that makes gained reaches above-mentioned scope.
As operable organic solvent in the time synthesizing the organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing), can enumerate such as hydrocarbon compound, ketone compound, ester cpds, ether compound, alkylol cpd etc.They can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
As hydrocarbon compound, can enumerate such as toluene, dimethylbenzene etc.
As ketone compound, can enumerate such as methylethylketone, mibk, MAK, diethyl ketone, pimelinketone etc.
As ester cpds, can enumerate such as ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, Isoamyl Acetate FCC, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 3-methoxyl group butylacetic acid ester, ethyl lactate etc.
As ether compound, can enumerate such as glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxan etc.
As alkylol cpd, can enumerate such as 1-hexanol, 4-methyl-2-amylalcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dihydroxypropane single-ether, propylene glycol list positive propyl ether etc.
Wherein, preferred non-water-soluble material.
As the usage quantity of organic solvent, with respect to the whole silane compounds of 100 mass parts, be preferably 10 mass parts～10000 mass parts, and 50 mass parts～1000 mass parts more preferably.
Water usage quantity during as the synthetic organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing), with respect to whole silane compounds, is preferably 0.5 times mole～100 times moles, and more preferably 1 times mole～30 times moles.
As catalyzer, can enumerate for example acid, alkali metal compound, organic bases, titanium compound, zirconium compounds etc.They can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
As alkali metal compound, can enumerate such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methylate, potassium methylate, sodium ethylate, potassium ethylate etc.
As organic bases, can enumerate organic primary amine or the secondary amine such as such as ethamine, diethylamine, piperazine, piperidines, tetramethyleneimine, pyrroles;
The trimethylamines such as triethylamine, Tri-n-Propylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, diazabicyclo undecylene;
Organic quaternary ammonium such as Tetramethylammonium hydroxide etc.
Catalyzer while having the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing) as manufacture, is preferably alkali metal compound or organic bases.By using alkali metal compound or organic bases as catalyzer, can not produce the side reaction such as open loop of epoxy group(ing), and can obtain organopolysiloxane with high hydrolytic condensation speed, therefore production stability is good.
In addition, contain and use alkali metal compound or organic bases as the synthetic organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing) of catalyzer and above-mentioned formula (A-1), formula (A-2) or formula (A-3) this liquid crystal aligning agent of the reactant of represented compound respectively, because storage stability is extremely good, therefore highly beneficial.Its reason can be speculated as, as the science of sol-gel method (ア グ ネ Cheng Wind society, 1988,154～161 pages) pointed, use alkali metal compound or organic bases as catalyzer in hydrolysis, condensation reaction time, whether form the three-dimensional structure such as random structure or cagelike structure, and can obtain silanol base containing proportional few organopolysiloxane.That is to say and can infer, because the silanol base of this organopolysiloxane contains proportional few, therefore can suppress silanol groups condensation reaction each other, in addition, in the time that liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention contains other polymkeric substance described later, can also suppress the condensation reaction of silanol groups and other polymkeric substance, therefore obtain the good result of storage stability.
As catalyzer, more preferably organic bases, and be particularly preferably trimethylamine and organic quaternary ammonium.As the usage quantity of organic bases, according to the reaction conditions such as kind, temperature of organic bases and difference for example, with respect to whole silane compounds, is preferably 0.01 times mole～3 times moles, and more preferably 0.05 times mole～1 times mole.
Hydrolysis or hydrolysis-condensation reaction when the synthetic organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing), preferably by thering is the silane compound of epoxy group(ing) and other silane compound is as required dissolved in organic solvent, this solution is mixed with organic bases and water, and implement by heating such as such as oil baths.
The Heating temperature of the oil bath during as hydrolysis-condensation reaction, is preferably below 130 DEG C, and more preferably 40 DEG C～100 DEG C.As heat-up time, be preferably 0.5 hour～12 hours, and more preferably 1 hour～8 hours.Add and hanker, can be uniformly mixed liquid, also can reflux.
After reaction finishes, preferably wash the organic solvent layer of separating with water from reaction solution.When washing, use the water that contains a small amount of salt, for example aqueous ammonium nitrate solution of 0.2 quality % left and right etc. washs, and is preferred making washing operation become easily this one side.Wash, until the water layer after washing is neutral, then use as required the desiccant dryness such as anhydrous calciumsulphate, molecular sieve organic solvent layer, except desolventizing, can obtain thus the organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing) as object.
In the present invention, can use commercial goods as the organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing).As this commercially available product, can enumerate such as DMS-E01, DMS-E12, DMS-E21, EMS-32 (being チ ッ ソ company above) etc.
The weight-average molecular weight of the polystyrene conversion of measuring by gel permeation chromatography as the organopolysiloxane with epoxy construction is (following, be sometimes referred to as " Mw "), be preferably 500～100000, more preferably 1000～10000, and be particularly preferably 1000～5000.In addition, in this manual, Mw is the polystyrene conversion value of measuring by gel permeation chromatography described below.
Post: Dong ソ ー company, TSKgel GRCXLII
Solvent: tetrahydrofuran (THF)
Temperature: 40 DEG C
Pressure: 6.8MPa
< has the structure > of liquid crystal aligning energy
In this liquid crystal aligning agent, [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds preferably comprises the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy.[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, by comprising the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, can further improve liquid crystal aligning energy.
The group having as the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, is preferably above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning group.There is the structure of liquid crystal aligning energy by thering is above-mentioned special groups, can give better liquid crystal aligning energy to this liquid crystal aligning agent.
The organic group that is 17～51 as the above-mentioned carbonatoms with steroid skeleton, be preferably and there is the 1 valency organic group that the carbonatoms of steroid skeleton is 17～30, can enumerate for example cholestane-3-base, courage steroid-5-alkene-3-base, courage steroid-24-alkene-3-base, courage steroid-5,24-diene-3-base, lanostane-3-base etc.
The alkyl that is 2～20 as above-mentioned carbonatoms, can enumerate such as ethyl, n-propyl, normal-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, positive decyl, positive lauryl, dodecyl, n-tetradecane base, Pentadecane base, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecane base, positive stearyl, NSC 62789 base etc.As the carbonatoms of alkyl, more preferably 4～20.
The fluoro-alkyl that is 1～20 as above-mentioned carbonatoms, can enumerate for example trifluoromethyl, perfluor ethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoro propyl, 4,4,4-trifluoro butyl, 4,4,5,5,5-five fluorine amyl groups, 3,3,4,4,5,5,5-seven fluorine amyl groups etc.
There is as above-mentioned the alkoxy aryl that carbonatoms is 2～20 alkyl, such as can enumerate positive propoxy aryl, n-butoxy aryl, n-pentyloxy aryl, positive hexyloxy aryl, positive heptan oxygen Ji Fangji, n-octyloxy aryl etc.
There is as above-mentioned the alkyl-cyclohexyl that carbonatoms is 1～20 alkyl, can enumerate such as n-propyl cyclohexyl, normal-butyl cyclohexyl, n-pentyl cyclohexyl, n-hexyl cyclohexyl, n-heptyl cyclohexyl, n-octyl cyclohexyl etc.
There is as above-mentioned the fluoro-alkyl cyclohexyl that carbonatoms is 1～20 fluoro-alkyl, can enumerate such as trifluoromethyl cyclohexyl etc.
There is as above-mentioned the fluoroalkyl cyclohexyl that carbonatoms is 1～20 fluoroalkyl, for example can enumerate 4,4,4-trifluoro butoxy cyclohexyl, 4,4,5,5,5-five fluorine pentyloxy cyclohexyl etc.
The structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, preferably further has the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (B-1).Due to the above-mentioned structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, there is specific structure, even therefore by optical alignment method, also can form liquid crystal orientation film by this liquid crystal aligning agent.
[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds that comprises the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, can obtain by organopolysiloxane the reacting of compound with liquid crystal aligning energy represented with following formula (B-2) with epoxy group(ing).
R E-T (B-2)
In above-mentioned formula (B-2), R efor comprising the group of the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy.T is carboxyl or hydroxyl.
As the preferred example of above-mentioned formula (B-2), can enumerate the represented compound of for example following formula (B-2-1)～(B-2-8).
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-1), R ffor above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning group.X cfor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, phenylene, cyclohexylidene ,-COO-,-NHCO-,-CONH-,-CO-,-OCO-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.X dfor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom, phenylene ,-CO-,-OCO-,-(CH 2) a-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.A is 1～6 integer.T and above-mentioned formula (B-2) synonym.
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-2), R f, X dand T, with above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.
X efor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, phenylene ,-COO-,-NHCO-,-CONH-,-CO-,-OCO-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-3), R fwith T and above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.
X ffor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom ,-CO-,-(CH 2) a-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.A is 1～6 integer.M is 0～4 integer.
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-4)～(B-2-6), R fwith T and above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.
X gfor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom ,-COO-,-NHCO-,-CONH-,-CO-,-OCO-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.
X hfor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom ,-(CH 2) a-,-CO-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.A is 1～6 integer.
Above-mentioned formula (B-2-7) and (B-2-8) in, R fwith T and above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.X jfor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom ,-COO-,-OCO-,-(CH 2) a-or by the two or more linking groups that combine in them.A is 1～6 integer.
In addition, in above-mentioned formula (B-2-1)～(B-2-8), form O-O key or α, the substituent combination of beta-diketon structure is unallowed.
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-1)～(B-2-8), the more preferably represented compound of following formula (B-2-1-1)～formula (B-2-8-2).
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-1)～(B-2-8-2), R fwith above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.A is 1～6 integer.
In the time of the group that comprises the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (B-1), as have liquid crystal aligning can other preferred example of compound, can enumerate the represented compound of for example following formula (B-2-1-1 ')～formula (B-2-8-1 ').
In above-mentioned formula, R fwith above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.
On the other hand, as the R in above-mentioned formula (B-2) ethe organic group that to have by the carbonatoms with steroid skeleton be 17～51, carbonatoms is 2～20 alkyl, carbonatoms is 1～20 fluoro-alkyl, cyclohexyl, there is carbonatoms and is the alkoxy aryl of 2～20 alkyl, there is carbonatoms and is the alkyl-cyclohexyl of 1～20 alkyl, having carbonatoms and be the fluoro-alkyl cyclohexyl of 1～20 fluoro-alkyl and having carbonatoms is at least one that select in the group that forms of the fluoroalkyl cyclohexyl of 1～20 fluoroalkyl, but the compound (B-2) during containing the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (B-1), be preferably the represented compound of following formula (B-2-9)～formula (B-2-11) etc.
R in above-mentioned formula (B-2-9)～formula (B-2-11) fand T, with above-mentioned formula (B-2-1) synonym.X kfor singly-bound, Sauerstoffatom ,-COO-or-OCO-.
In above-mentioned formula (B-2-11), p is 1 or 2.
The compound that is carboxyl as T in above-mentioned formula (B-2-9), can enumerate the represented compound of butanic acid such as, positive valeric acid, n-caproic acid, positive enanthic acid, n-caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, n-capric acid, positive lauric acid, positive laurostearic acid, positive tridecylic acid, positive TETRADECONIC ACID, positive pentadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic, margaric acid, positive stearic acid, positive nonadecanoic acid, positive 20 acid, tetrahydrochysene sylvic acid, single cholestane base succinate, single cholestane base glutarate, following formula etc.
C hF 2h+1-C iH 2i-COOH
In above-mentioned formula, the integer that h is 1～3.I is 3～18 integer.
The compound that is hydroxyl as T in above-mentioned formula (B-2-9), can enumerate such as n-butyl alcohol, 1-amylalcohol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-decanol, 1-undecyl alcohol, 1-lauryl alcohol, 1-tridecanol, 1-tetradecyl alcohol, 1-pentadecanol, Cetyl OH, 1-heptadecyl alcohol, 1-stearyl alcohol, 1-nonadecanol, 1-eicosanol etc.
The compound that is carboxyl as T in above-mentioned formula (B-2-10), can enumerate for example 4-tolyl acid, 4-ethyl benzoate, 4-n-propylbenzene formic acid, 4-n-butylbenzene formic acid, 4-n-amylbenzene formic acid, 4-positive hexyl phenenyl formic acid, 4-n-heptylphenyl formic acid, 4-n-octyl formic acid, 4-n-nonyl phenylformic acid, the positive decyl phenylformic acid of 4-, 4-n-dodecane yl benzoic acid, 4-Octadecane yl benzoic acid, the positive methoxybenzoic acid of 4-, the positive ethoxybenzoic acid of 4-, 4-positive propoxy phenylformic acid, 4-n-butoxy phenylformic acid, 4-n-pentyloxy phenylformic acid, the positive hexyloxybenzoate of 4-, the positive heptyloxybenzene formic acid of 4-, 4-n-octyloxy phenylformic acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid in the positive ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, 4-n-decyloxy phenylformic acid, 4-n-dodecane aminobenzoic acid, 4-Octadecane aminobenzoic acid, the compound that following formula is represented etc.
In above-mentioned formula, the integer that j is 5～20.K is 1～3 integer.Ma is 0～18 integer.N is 1～18 integer.
The compound that is carboxyl as T in above-mentioned formula (B-2-11), can enumerate such as 4-(normal-butyl) cyclohexane carboxylic acid, 4-(n-pentyl) cyclohexane carboxylic acid, 4-(normal-butyl) dicyclohexyl carboxylic acid, 4-(n-pentyl) dicyclohexyl carboxylic acid etc.
< has the synthetic method > of the compound of liquid crystal aligning energy
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1)～formula (B-2-11), can be used as commercially available product and obtains, or can be by synthesizing appropriately combined vitochemical ordinary method.Below, with R ffor the compound of alkyl is that example describes synthetic method, and for R ffor the compound beyond alkyl, also can operate equally or synthesize by the synthetic method with reference to the method, this is readily understood that for those skilled in the art.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-1), for example, can be by salt of wormwood etc. suitably under the existence of alkali, Hydroxycinnamic acid and there is the R of being equivalent to fthe haloalkyl of alkyl heat, make its reaction, then in the suitable alkali aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide, be hydrolyzed and obtain.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-2), for example, can be by making hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID and thering is the R of being equivalent to fthe alkyl acyl chloride of alkyl at salt of wormwood etc. suitably under the existence of alkali, reaction at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature and obtaining.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-4), for example, can be by making methyl hydroxybenzoate and thering is the R of being equivalent to fthe haloalkyl of alkyl or toluenesulphonic acids alkyl ester at salt of wormwood etc. suitably under the existence of alkali, at the temperature of room temperature～100 DEG C after reaction, in the suitable alkali aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide, be hydrolyzed, and further formed after acyl chlorides by thionyl chloride, it is reacted at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature with hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID under the existence of the suitable alkali such as salt of wormwood and obtain.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-5), for example, can be by making hydroxy-benzoic acid and thering is the R of being equivalent to fthe alkyl acyl chloride of alkyl at triethylamine etc. suitably under the existence of alkali, at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature after reaction, form acyl chlorides by thionyl chloride, and make it suitably react at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature with hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID under the existence of alkali and obtain at salt of wormwood etc.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-6), for example, can be by by thionyl chloride, 4-alkylbenzoic acid being formed to acyl chlorides, and make it suitably react at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature with hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID under the existence of alkali and obtain at salt of wormwood etc.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-7), for example, can be by making 4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl carboxylate methyl ester and thering is the R of being equivalent to falkyl haloalkyl sodium hydride or sodium Metal 99.5 etc. suitably under the existence of alkali reaction form after ether, in alkali aqueous solution hydrolysis such as sodium hydroxide, further form after acyl chlorides by thionyl chloride, it is reacted at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature with hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID under the existence of the suitable alkali such as salt of wormwood and obtain.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-8), for example, can be by thering is by thionyl chloride the R of being equivalent to fthe 4-alkyl-cyclohexyl carboxylic acid of alkyl form acyl chlorides, and make it suitably react at the temperature of 0 DEG C～room temperature with hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID under the existence of alkali and obtain at salt of wormwood etc.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-9), can be by making to have the R of being equivalent to fthe haloalkyl of alkyl react under the existence of the alkali such as salt of wormwood with hydroxy benzaldehyde and form ehter bond, under sodium hydroxide existence, carry out aldol condensation with 4-acetylbenzoic acid and obtain.The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-10)～formula (B-2-1-15) can obtain by the method with reference to the method.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-1), for example, can, by using palladium and amine as catalyzer, make 4-iodophenol and have the R of being equivalent to fthe alkyl acrylate reaction (Heck reaction) of alkyl after, make the cyclic acid anhydride of the hope such as Succinic anhydried or Pyroglutaric acid and resultant of reaction carry out open loop addition and obtain.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-2), can be by making to have the R of being equivalent to fthe 4-alkylacetophenone of alkyl and 4-formyl radical phenylformic acid under sodium hydroxide exists, carry out aldol condensation and obtain.The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-3) can obtain by the method with reference to the method.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-4), can be by making to have the R of being equivalent to fthe 4-alkylacetophenone of alkyl and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde under sodium hydroxide exists, carry out aldol condensation and obtain.The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-5) can obtain by the method with reference to the method.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-3-1), can, by using palladium catalyst, make to have the R of being equivalent to fthe acrylate of the alkyl method of reacting with 4-bromine TRANSCINNAMIC ACID and obtain.By the method with reference to the method, can also obtain the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-3-2).
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-1), for example, works as R fduring for alkyl, can be by making to there is the R of being equivalent to fthe condition that refluxes in acetic acid of the amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID of dialkyl succinylsuccinate acid anhydride and 4-of alkyl under or the method for reacting under the condition that refluxes in toluene or dimethylbenzene under the suitable alkaline catalystss such as triethylamine exist and obtaining, work as R fduring for fluoro-alkyl, can by by maleic anhydride with after the suitable blocking group protection such as para-totuidine, by with there is the R of being equivalent to ithe Grignard reaction of fluoroalkyl iodide etc. of fluoro-alkyl carry out after coupling, by hydrolysis deprotection, carry out after dehydration closed-loop the method for reacting with the amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID of 4-and obtaining.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-2), for example, can synthesize by following any method.As the first method, can enumerate following method: by blocking group protection suitable maleic anhydride para-totuidine etc., and make to there is the R of being equivalent under existing with the suitable alkali such as salt of wormwood fthe alcohol of alkyl carry out with it after Michael addition, by hydrolysis deprotection, further carry out dehydration closed-loop, and when the represented compou nd synthesis of above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-1) similarly, this resultant is reacted with 4-amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID.As the second method, can enumerate following method: under existing, make oxysuccinic acid methyl esters and there is the R of being equivalent at for example silver suboxide fthe haloalkyl reaction of alkyl form after ether, is hydrolyzed, and further carries out dehydration closed-loop, and the synthetic method of the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-1) operates equally, this resultant is reacted with 4-amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-3), for example, has except using the R of being equivalent to fthe mercaptan of alkyl replace and there is the R of being equivalent to fthe alcohol of alkyl beyond, the same operation of the first method when compou nd synthesis that can be represented with above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-2) and obtaining.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-5-1), for example, can be by by thionyl chloride, 1,2,4-tricarboxylic basic ring hexane acid anhydride being formed after acyl chlorides, and there is the R of being equivalent to falcohol reaction under the suitable alkali such as triethylamine exists of alkyl carry out esterification, and and the synthetic method of the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-4-1) operate equally, make this resultant react and obtain with 4-amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-6-1), for example, can be by making the compound R corresponding to required compound f-OH and trimellitic acid 1,2-anhydride halide reaction, the synthetic ester cpds as intermediate, then makes the amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID of this ester cpds and 4-react and synthesize.Synthesizing of intermediate ester compound, preferably in suitable solvent, under existing, basic cpd carries out.As operable solvent, can enumerate such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) etc., as basic cpd, can enumerate such as triethylamine etc.Reacting of the amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID of ester cpds and 4-, can enumerate the method that for example makes both reflux in acetic acid, make method that both such as, reflux in toluene or dimethylbenzene under the existence of the suitable catalyzer alkaline catalystss such as acid catalyst or triethylamine such as () sulfuric acid etc.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-6-2), can carry out dehydration closed-loop by 5-hydroxyl phthalic is refluxed in diethylbenzene for example forms after acid anhydrides, by reacting with the amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID of 4-with above-mentioned same method, the synthetic imide compound as the first intermediate, and then make this imide compound and the compound R corresponding to required compound f-H (H is halogen atom) reaction is synthesized.Now, preferably, in suitable solvent, under existing, basic cpd carries out.As operable solvent, can enumerate the amide compounds such as such as N,N-dimethylacetamide etc., as basic cpd, can enumerate such as salt of wormwood etc.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-7-1), for example, can by make 4-nitro TRANSCINNAMIC ACID under the existence of salt of wormwood with there is the R of being equivalent to fthe haloalkyl reaction of alkyl form ester, and use for example tin chloride to reduce this nitro to form after amino, make this resultant and 1,2,4-tricarboxylic basic ring hexyl hexanaphthene anhydride reactant and obtain.A rear reaction, for example, can be undertaken by the method that starting compound is refluxed in acetic acid or the method refluxing in toluene or dimethylbenzene under the suitable alkaline catalystss such as triethylamine exist.By the method with reference to the method, can synthesize the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-8-1).
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-8-2), can be by the represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-7-1) synthetic, use hydroxyl phthalic to replace 1,2,4-tricarboxylic basic ring hexyl hexanaphthene acid anhydride, synthetic have after the cinnamic acid derivative of imide ring, reacts and obtain with Succinic anhydried or Pyroglutaric acid.
Above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-1 ') represented compound, can be by making to there is the R of being equivalent to fhaloalkyl and the 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde of alkyl under the alkali such as salt of wormwood exist, react, form after ehter bond, under sodium hydroxide existence, carry out aldol condensation with 4-hydroxyacetophenone and obtain.Above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-2 ')～(B-2-1-7 ') represented compound can obtain by the method with reference to the method.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-1 '), for example, can, by taking palladium and amine as catalyzer, make 4-iodophenol and have the R of being equivalent to falkyl alkyl acrylate reaction and obtain.
Above-mentioned formula (B-2-2-2 ') represented compound, can be by making to there is the R of being equivalent to fthe 4-alkylacetophenone of alkyl and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde under sodium hydroxide exists, carry out aldol condensation and obtain.The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-3 ') can obtain by the method with reference to the method.
The represented compound of above-mentioned formula (B-2-8-1 '), for example, can be by make 4-nitro TRANSCINNAMIC ACID form after acyl chlorides by thionyl chloride, and there is the R of being equivalent to fthe alcohol reaction of alkyl form ester, and use for example tin chloride to reduce this nitro to form after amino, make this resultant react with hydroxyl phthalic anhydride and obtain.A rear reaction, for example, can be undertaken by the method that starting compound is refluxed in acetic acid or the method refluxing in toluene or dimethylbenzene under the suitable alkaline catalystss such as triethylamine exist.
In these compounds (B-2), preferred above-mentioned formula (B-2-1-1), formula (B-2-1-3), formula (B-2-1-4), formula (B-2-1-6)～formula (B-2-1-8), formula (B-2-1-16), formula (B-2-1-19), formula (B-2-1-21), formula (B-2-4-1), formula (B-2-4-2), formula (B-2-5-1) and the represented compound of formula (B-2-7-1).
In addition, do not contain the material of the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (B-1) as the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, can enumerate butanic acid, n-caproic acid, n-caprylic acid, positive lauric acid, positive stearic acid, 4-Octadecane yl benzoic acid, 4-n-dodecane yl benzoic acid, 4-n-octyl formic acid, 4-positive hexyl phenenyl formic acid, 4-Octadecane aminobenzoic acid, 4-n-dodecane aminobenzoic acid, 4-n-octyloxy phenylformic acid, the positive hexyloxybenzoate of 4-, 1-hexylmercaptan, 1-heptanthiol, 1-spicy thioalcohol, 1-mercaptan in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, 1-decyl mercaptan, 1-undecane mercaptan, 1-dodecyl mercaptans, 1-tetradecane mercaptan, 1-n-Hexadecane mercaptan, 1-octadecanethiol, single cholestane base succinate and the represented compound of following formula.
In this manual, the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy is not contained to the compound of the represented structure of above-mentioned formula (B-1), be called " other tilt angle expression power compound ".As this polyorganosiloxane compounds have liquid crystal aligning can the ratio of structure, with respect to X a, be preferably 10 % by mole～90 % by mole, more preferably 20 % by mole～80 % by mole, and be particularly preferably 25 % by mole～75 % by mole.
[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds in the present invention, the preferably remaining Si-X having in the organopolysiloxane with epoxy construction aa part for key.Therefore, in the time reacting, compound (A-1), compound (A-2), compound (A-3) and have liquid crystal aligning can the total mole number of compound, be preferably less than and there is the radicals X that the organopolysiloxane of epoxy construction has amole number.At this moment, when have the represented group of above-mentioned formula (B-1) have liquid crystal aligning can the usage ratio of compound, while being preferably more than 50 % by mole with respect to the total amount of compound, this containing the liquid crystal aligning agent of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds can form the liquid crystal orientation film that demonstrates good liquid crystal aligning by optical alignment method.
<[A] the synthetic method > of polyorganosiloxane compounds
[A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, can by by there is the represented compound of the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing), above-mentioned formula (A-1)～formula (A-3) and have as required liquid crystal aligning can compound, preferably under the existence of catalyzer, reaction in organic solvent and synthesizing.This manufacture method is easy, and the importing rate of various structures is high, is therefore applicable to from the viewpoint of these.
The compound that formula (A-1)～formula (A-3) is represented and have liquid crystal aligning can compound, can use separately or be used in combination of two or more.
In addition, when the represented compound of formula (A-1)～formula (A-3) and have liquid crystal aligning can structure while thering is carboxyl, can react by a part for other carboxylic acid displacement compound.At this moment,, as other the usage ratio of carboxylic acid, with respect to the total of compound and other carboxylic acid, be preferably below 50 % by mole.
As above-mentioned catalyzer, can use the so-called curing catalyst of for example organic bases or promotion epoxy compounds and anhydride reaction.
As organic bases, for example can enumerate:
Ethamine, diethylamine, piperazine, piperidines, tetramethyleneimine, such organic primary amine or the secondary amine of pyrroles;
The trimethylamines such as triethylamine, Tri-n-Propylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, diazabicyclo undecylene;
Organic quaternary ammonium such as Tetramethylammonium hydroxide etc.Wherein, preferred trimethylamine and organic quaternary ammonium.
As curing catalyst, for example can enumerate:
Benzyldimethylamine, 2,4, the tertiary amines such as 6-tri-(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, cyclohexyl dimethylamine, trolamine;
Glyoxal ethyline, 2-n-heptyl imidazoles, 2-n-undecane base imidazoles, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methylimidazole, 1 benzyl 2 methyl imidazole, 1-benzyl-2-phenylimidazole, 1,2 dimethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-glyoxal ethyline, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-n-undecane base imidazoles, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-phenylimidazole, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl imidazoles, 2-phenyl-4,5-bis-(hydroxymethyl) imidazoles, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-phenyl-4,5-bis-[(2 '-cyano group oxyethyl group) methyl] imidazoles, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-n-undecane base imidazoles trimellitate, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-phenylimidazole trimellitate, 1-(2-cyano ethyl)-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole trimellitate, 2,4-diamino-6-[2 '-methylimidazolyl-(1 ')] ethyl-s-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6-(2 '-n-undecane base imidazolyl) ethyl-s-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6-[2 '-ethyl-4 '-methylimidazolyl-(1 ')] ethyl-s-triazine, the isocyanuric acid affixture of glyoxal ethyline, the isocyanuric acid affixture of 2-phenylimidazole, 2,4-diamino-6-[2 '-methylimidazolyl-(1 ')] imidazolium compounds such as isocyanuric acid affixture of ethyl-s-triazine,
The organo phosphorous compoundss such as diphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, triphenyl phosphite;
Bian base triphenyl phosphonium muriate, Si Zheng Ding Ji Phosphonium bromide, Jia base triphenyl phosphonium bromide, Yi base triphenyl phosphonium bromide, normal-butyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide, tetraphenylphosphoniphenolate bromide, Yi base triphenyl phosphonium iodide, Yi base triphenyl phosphonium acetate, Si Zheng Ding Ji Phosphonium, o, the quaternary alkylphosphonium salts such as o-diethyl phosphorothioate, Si Zheng Ding Ji Phosphonium benzotriazole salt, Si Zheng Ding Ji Phosphonium a tetrafluoro borate, Si Zheng Ding Ji Phosphonium tetraphenyl borate salts, tetraphenylphosphoniphenolate tetraphenyl borate salts;
The diazabicyclo alkenes such as 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undecylene-7, its organic acid salt;
The organometallic compounds such as zinc octoate, stannous octoate, aluminium acetylacetic ester complex compound;
The quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraethylammonium bromide, tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide, etamon chloride, tetrabutylammonium chloride;
The boron compound such as boron trifluoride, triphenyl borate;
The metal halide such as zinc chloride, tin chloride;
The high-melting-point decentralized potentiality curing catalysts such as amine add-on type promotor such as the affixture of diamines diamide or amine and epoxy resin;
By the microcapsule-type potentiality curing catalyst on the curing catalyst surfaces such as polymer overmold imidazolium compounds, organo phosphorous compounds, quaternary alkylphosphonium salt;
Amine salt type potentiality curing catalyst;
The potentiality curing catalysts such as the hot cationic polymerization type potentiality curing catalyst of lewis acid, the contour temperature decomposition type of Bronsted hydrochlorate etc.
Wherein, preferably quaternary ammonium salt, and more preferably tetraethylammonium bromide, tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide, etamon chloride, tetrabutylammonium chloride.
As the usage quantity of catalyzer, there is the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing) with respect to 100 mass parts, be preferably below 100 mass parts, more preferably 0.01 mass parts～100 mass parts, and be particularly preferably 0.1 mass parts～20 mass parts.
As temperature of reaction, be preferably 0 DEG C～200 DEG C, and more preferably 50 DEG C～150 DEG C.As the reaction times, be preferably 0.1 hour～50 hours, and more preferably 0.5 hour～20 hours.
As when synthetic [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, operable organic solvent, can enumerate such as hydrocarbon compound, ether compound, ester cpds, ketone compound, amide compound, alkylol cpd etc.Wherein, ether compound, ester cpds, ketone compound, consider it is preferred from solvability and the easy refining viewpoint of resultant of raw material and resultant.As the content of solvent, more than its solid component concentration (the total quality of the composition beyond desolventizing in reaction soln accounts for the ratio of solution total mass) is preferably 0.1 quality %, and the amount of 5 quality %～50 quality % more preferably.
As the Mw of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, be preferably 1000～10000000, more preferably 2000～100000, and be particularly preferably 3000～50000.
Other polymkeric substance of < >
Other polymkeric substance can, for further improving the electrical specification of the solution properties of this liquid crystal aligning agent and the liquid crystal orientation film of gained, therefore can suitably contain in this liquid crystal aligning agent.As other polymkeric substance, for example can enumerate other polyorganosiloxane compounds, poly amic acid ester, polyester, polymeric amide, derivatived cellulose, polyacetal, polystyrene derivative, poly-(vinylbenzene-phenyl maleimide) derivative, poly-(methyl) acrylate etc. of at least one polymkeric substance of selecting in the group that [B] be made up of polyamic acid and polyimide, [C].
Wherein, preferred other polyorganosiloxane compounds of [B] polymkeric substance, [C].Make liquid crystal orientation film, the liquid crystal display device of the electrical specifications such as voltage retention that can be further improved by using the liquid crystal aligning agent that this liquid crystal aligning agent further contains [B] polymkeric substance.In addition, this liquid crystal aligning agent, by further containing [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, can promote the crosslinked of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, thereby can further improve the voltage retention etc. of the liquid crystal display device of gained.Below, other polyorganosiloxane compounds of [B] polymkeric substance, [C] is described in detail.
<[B] polymkeric substance >
[polyamic acid]
As the polyamic acid of [B] polymkeric substance, can be by making tetracarboxylic dianhydride react and obtain with diamine compound.
As tetracarboxylic dianhydride, can enumerate such as aliphatics tetracarboxylic dianhydride, ester ring type tetracarboxylic dianhydride, aromatic tetracarboxylic acid's dianhydride etc.In addition, can also use the tetracarboxylic dianhydride who records in No. 2009-157556, Japanese Patent Application.These tetracarboxylic dianhydrides can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
As aliphatics tetracarboxylic dianhydride, can enumerate such as butane tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride etc.
As ester ring type tetracarboxylic dianhydride, for example can enumerate 1, 2, 3, 4-tetramethylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2, 3, 5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride, 1, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 9b-six hydrogen-5-(tetrahydrochysene-2, 5-dioxo-3-furyl)-naphthalene [1, 2-c] furans-1, 3-diketone, 1, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 9b-six hydrogen-8-methyl-5-(tetrahydrochysene-2, 5-dioxo-3-furyl)-naphthalene [1, 2-c] furans-1, 3-diketone, 3-oxabicyclo [3.2.1] octane-2, 4-diketone-6-spiral shell-3 '-(tetrahydrofuran (THF)-2 ', 5 '-diketone), 5-(2, 5-dioxo tetrahydrochysene-3-furyl)-3-methyl-3-tetrahydrobenzene-1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride, 3, 5, 6-tri-carboxyls-2-carboxyl methyl norbornane-2:3, 5:6-dianhydride, 2, 4, 6, 8-tetracarboxylic dicyclo [3.3.0] octane-2:4, 6:8-dianhydride, 4, 9-dioxa three encircles [5.3.1.0 2,6] undecane-3,5,8,10-tetraketone etc.
As aromatic tetracarboxylic acid's dianhydride, can enumerate such as pyromellitic acid dianhydride etc., in addition, can also enumerate the tetracarboxylic dianhydride who records in Japanese Patent Application 2009-84462.
In these tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, preferably ester ring type tetracarboxylic dianhydride, more preferably 2,3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride or 1,2,3,4-tetramethylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and particularly preferably 2,3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride.
As 2,3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride or 1,2,3,4-tetramethylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride's usage quantity, with respect to whole tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, preferably contain more than 10 % by mole, more preferably more than 20 % by mole, and particularly preferably only by 2,3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride or 1,2,3,4-tetramethylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride forms.
As diamine compound, can enumerate such as aliphatie diamine, ester ring type diamines, diamino organo-siloxane, aromatic diamine etc.These diamine compounds, can be used singly or in combination of two or more.In addition, can also use the diamines of recording in No. 2009-157556, Japanese Patent Application.
As aliphatie diamine, can enumerate for example m-xylene diamine, 1,3-propylene diamine, tetramethylene-diamine, five methylene diamine, hexamethylene-diamine etc.
As ester ring type diamines, can enumerate for example Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-diamino-cyclohexane, 4,4 '-methylene radical two (hexahydroaniline), 1,3-bis-(amino methyl) hexanaphthene etc.
As diamino organo-siloxane, for example can enumerate 1,3-bis-(3-aminopropyl)-tetramethyl-bicyclohexane etc., in addition, can also enumerate the diamines of recording in Japanese Patent Application 2009-84462.
As aromatic diamine, can enumerate for example Ursol D, 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl-methane, 4,4 '-diamino-diphenyl thioether, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 2,2 '-dimethyl-4,4 '-benzidine, 4,4 '-diamino-2,2 '-bis-(trifluoromethyl) biphenyl, 2,7 diamin of luorene, 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl oxide, 2,2-bis-[4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] propane, 9,9-bis-(4-aminophenyl) fluorenes, 2,2-bis-[4-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) phenyl] HFC-236fa, 2,2-bis-(4-aminophenyl) HFC-236fa, 4,4 '-(to phenylene diisopropylidene) two (aniline), 4,4 '-(metaphenylene diisopropylidene) two (aniline), Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bis-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) benzene, 4,4 '-bis-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) biphenyl, DAP, 3,4-diamino-pyridine, 2,4-di-amino-pyrimidine, 3,6-proflavin, 3,6-diamino carbazole, N-methyl-3,6-diamino carbazole, N-ethyl-3,6-diamino carbazole, N-phenyl-3,6-diamino carbazole, N, N '-bis-(4-aminophenyl) p-diaminodiphenyl, N, N '-bis-(4-aminophenyl)-N, N '-tolidine, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bis-(4-aminopropyl) piperazine, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, dodecyloxy-2,4-diaminobenzene, tetradecyloxyaniline-2,4-diaminobenzene, pentadecane oxygen base-2,4-diaminobenzene, n-Hexadecane oxygen base-2,4-diaminobenzene, octadecane oxygen base-2,4-diaminobenzene, dodecyloxy-2,5-diaminobenzene, tetradecyloxyaniline-2,5-diaminobenzene, pentadecane oxygen base-2,5-diaminobenzene, n-Hexadecane oxygen base-2,5-diaminobenzene, octadecane oxygen base-2,5-diaminobenzene, cholestane oxygen base-3,5-diaminobenzene, cholestene oxygen base-3,5-diaminobenzene, cholestane oxygen base-2,4-diaminobenzene, cholestene oxygen base-2,4-diaminobenzene, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid cholestane base ester, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid cholesteryl ester, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid lanostane base ester, 3,6-bis-(4-aminobenzoic acyl-oxygen base) cholestane, 3,6-bis-(4-amino-benzene oxygen) cholestane, 4-(4 '-trifluoromethoxy benzoyloxy) cyclohexyl-3,5-diaminobenzoic acid ester, 4-(4 '-trifluoromethyl benzoyloxy) cyclohexyl-3,5-diaminobenzoic acid ester, 1,1-bis-(4-((aminophenyl) methyl) phenyl)-4-butyl cyclohexane, 1,1-bis-(4-((aminophenyl) methyl) phenyl)-4-heptyl hexanaphthene, 1,1-bis-(4-((amino-benzene oxygen) methyl) phenyl)-4-heptyl hexanaphthene, 1,1-bis-(4-((aminophenyl) methyl) phenyl)-4-(4-heptyl cyclohexyl) hexanaphthene, 2,4-diamino-N, N-diallyl aniline, 4-amino-benzylamine, the diamine compound that 3-amino-benzylamine and following formula (6) are represented etc.
In above-mentioned formula (6), Za be carbonatoms be 1～3 alkyl ,-O-,-COO-or-OCO-.Pa is 0 or 1.Q is 0～2 integer.R is 1～20 integer.
In above-mentioned formula (6), as C rh 2r+1base, can enumerate such as straight chain shape or branched methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl etc.
As the represented diamine compound of above-mentioned formula (6), can enumerate represented compound of such as following formula (6-1)～(6-5) etc.
Be provided in the tetracarboxylic dianhydride of polyamic acid building-up reactions and the usage ratio of diamine compound, with respect to contained amino in 1 equivalent diamine compound, tetracarboxylic dianhydride's anhydride group is preferably 0.2 equivalent～2 equivalent, more preferably 0.3 equivalent～1.2 equivalent.
Preferably in organic solvent, carry out building-up reactions.As temperature of reaction, be preferably-20 DEG C～150 DEG C, more preferably 0 DEG C～100 DEG C.As the reaction times, be preferably 0.1 hour～24 hours, more preferably 0.5 hour～12 hours.
As organic solvent, as long as can dissolve synthetic polyamic acid, just be not particularly limited, it can enumerate for example METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP), N, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE, N, dinethylformamide, N, N-dimethyl-imidazolinone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), gamma-butyrolactone, tetramethyl-urea, HMPA etc. are non-proton is polar solvent; The phenol series solvents such as meta-cresol, xylenol, phenol, halogenated phenol.
As the usage quantity (a) of organic solvent, with respect to the total amount (b) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamines and the total amount (a+b) of organic solvent usage quantity (a), be preferably 0.1 quality %～50 quality %, more preferably 5 quality %～30 quality %.
The polyamic acid solution of gained after reaction, can directly supply with the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent, also polyamic acid contained in reaction soln can be separated to the modulation of rear supply liquid crystal aligning agent, or after isolated polyamic acid can also being refined, resupply the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent.As the separation method of polyamic acid, for example can enumerate by reaction soln is injected in a large amount of poor solvents, and by the method for the precipitate drying under reduced pressure of gained, use vaporizer decompression to distillate the method etc. of reaction soln.As the process for purification of polyamic acid, can enumerate the polyamic acid of separation is dissolved in organic solvent again, and make its method of separating out, carry out one or many and use vaporizer decompression to distillate the method for the operation of organic solvent etc. with poor solvent.
[polyimide]
As the polyimide of [B] polymkeric substance, can be by the amido acid structure dehydration closed-loop that above-mentioned polyamic acid is had, carry out imidization and manufacture.
Polyimide, can be the complete imide compound of whole amido acid structure dehydration closed-loops of having as the polyamic acid of its precursor, can be also part amido acid structure dehydration closed-loop and form amido acid structure and imide structure the part imide compound of depositing.The imide rate of polyimide, is preferably more than 30%, and more preferably 40%～80%.In addition, the imide rate in polyimide, is that the solution of polyimide is put in pure water, and at room temperature after the precipitation of drying under reduced pressure gained, is dissolved in deuterate dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), using tetramethylsilane as standard substance, at room temperature measures 1h-NMR, and by gained 1h-NMR spectrogram, obtains according to the represented formula of following formula (7).
Imide rate (%)={ 1-(A 1/ A 2) × α } × 100 (7)
In above-mentioned formula (7), A 1it is the peak area (10ppm) that comes from NH matrix.A 2it is the peak area that comes from other proton.α is that the number of other proton is with respect to the ratio of 1 proton of the NH base in polyamic acid.
As the synthetic method of polyimide, the method that can enumerate for example (i) heating polyamic acid is (following, be sometimes referred to as " method (i) "), (ii) be dissolved in polyamic acid in organic solvent, and add dewatering agent and dehydration closed-loop catalyzer in this solution, and the method (following, be sometimes referred to as " method (ii) ") of heating as required etc. is used the method for the dehydration closed-loop reaction of polyamic acid.
As the temperature of reaction in method (i), be preferably 50 DEG C～200 DEG C, and more preferably 60 DEG C～170 DEG C.When temperature of reaction is during less than 50 DEG C, dehydration closed-loop reaction cannot fully be carried out, and in the time that temperature of reaction exceedes 200 DEG C, the molecular weight of the polyimide of gained can decline.As the reaction times, be preferably 0.5 hour～48 hours, more preferably 2 hours～20 hours.
The polyimide of gained in method (i), can directly supply with the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent, also polyimide can be separated to the modulation of rear supply liquid crystal aligning agent, or can also will after afterwards refining isolated polyimide or the polyimide of gained is refining, resupply the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent.
As the dewatering agent in method (ii), can enumerate the acid anhydrides such as such as diacetyl oxide, propionic anhydride, trifluoroacetic anhydride.
As the content of dewatering agent, can be according to desirable imide rate and suitably select, but with respect to the amido acid structure of 1 mole of polyamic acid, be preferably 0.01 mole～20 moles.
As the dehydration closed-loop catalyzer in method (ii), can enumerate such as pyridine, collidine, lutidine, triethylamine etc.
As the content of dehydration closed-loop catalyzer, with respect to 1 mole of dewatering agent containing, be preferably 0.01 mole～10 moles.In addition, the content of above-mentioned dewatering agent and dehydration closed-loop catalyzer is more, more can improve imide rate.
As organic solvent used in method (ii), for example can enumerate and synthetic as polyamic acid in solvent used and the same organic solvent of the organic solvent of giving an example etc.
As the temperature of reaction in method (ii), be preferably 0 DEG C～180 DEG C, more preferably 10 DEG C～150 DEG C.As the reaction times, be preferably 0.5 hour～20 hours, more preferably 1 hour～8 hours.Be above-mentioned scope by making reaction conditions, dehydration closed-loop reaction can fully be carried out, and can obtain the suitable molecular weight of gained polyimide.
In method (ii), can obtain the reaction soln that contains polyimide.This reaction soln can directly be supplied with the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent, also can be removing the modulation that resupplies liquid crystal aligning agent after dewatering agent and dehydration closed-loop catalyzer from reaction soln, and after polyimide can being separated, resupply the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent or isolated polyimide is refining after resupply the modulation of liquid crystal aligning agent.As the method for removing dewatering agent and dehydration closed-loop catalyzer from reaction soln, can enumerate the method for such as solvent exchange etc.As separation method and the process for purification of polyimide, can enumerate method that the method for for example giving an example with process for purification with the separation method as polyamic acid is identical etc.
<[C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds >
In this liquid crystal aligning agent, preferably except [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, also further contain [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, as [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, more preferably there is the organopolysiloxane of the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (2).In addition, in the time that this liquid crystal aligning agent contains [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, as long as [C] other major part and [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds of polyorganosiloxane compounds independently exists, its part also can be used as with the condenses of specific polyorganosiloxane compounds and exists.
In above-mentioned formula (2), X bfor hydroxyl, halogen atom, the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1～20, alkoxyl group that carbonatoms is 1～6 or the carbonatoms aryl that is 6～20.Y 2for hydroxyl or the carbonatoms alkoxyl group that is 1～10.
The alkyl that is 1～20 as carbonatoms, can enumerate such as straight chain shape or branched methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, lauryl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl etc.
The alkoxyl group that is 1～6 as carbonatoms, can enumerate such as methoxyl group, oxyethyl group, positive propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy etc.
The aryl that is 6～20 as carbonatoms, can enumerate such as phenyl, naphthyl etc.
As [C] other the Mw of polyorganosiloxane compounds, be preferably 500～100000, more preferably 500～10000.
[C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, for example, can be by preferably in suitable organic solvent, under the existence of water and catalyzer, at least one silane compound of selecting in the group that makes to be made up of organoalkoxysilane and halogenated silane compound is (following, be sometimes referred to as " raw silicon hydride compounds "), be hydrolyzed or hydrolytic condensation and synthesizing.
As raw silicon hydride compounds, can enumerate such as tetramethoxy-silicane, tetraethoxysilane, four positive propoxy silane, tetraisopropoxysilan, four n-butoxy silane, four sec-butoxy silane, four tert.-butoxy silane, tetrachloro silicane etc.;
Methyltrimethoxy silane, Union carbide A-162, methyl three positive propoxy silane, methyl three isopropoxy silane, methyl three n-butoxy silane, methyl three sec-butoxy silane, methyl three tert.-butoxy silane, methyl triple phenoxyl silane, METHYL TRICHLORO SILANE, ethyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl triethoxysilane, ethyl three positive propoxy silane, ethyl three isopropoxy silane, ethyl three n-butoxy silane, ethyl three sec-butoxy silane, ethyl three tert.-butoxy silane, ethyl trichlorosilane, phenyltrimethoxysila,e, phenyl triethoxysilane, phenyl-trichloro-silicane etc.,
Dimethyldimethoxysil,ne, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyldichlorosilane(DMCS) etc.;
Trimethylammonium methoxy silane, trimethylethoxysilane, trimethylchlorosilane etc.
Wherein, be preferably tetramethoxy-silicane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxy silane, Union carbide A-162, phenyltrimethoxysila,e, phenyl triethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylammonium methoxy silane or trimethylethoxysilane.
As when synthetic [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, can arbitrarily used organic solvent, can enumerate for example alkylol cpd, ketone compound, amide compound, ester cpds or other non-proton property compound.They can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
As alkylol cpd, can enumerate for example methyl alcohol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, Virahol, propyl carbinol, isopropylcarbinol, sec-butyl alcohol, the trimethyl carbinol, Pentyl alcohol, primary isoamyl alcohol, 2-methyl butanol, sec.-amyl alcohol, tertiary amyl alcohol, 3-methoxybutanol, n-hexyl alcohol, 2-methyl amyl alcohol, secondary hexyl alcohol, 2-ethyl butanol, secondary enanthol, 3-enanthol, n-Octanol, 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, secondary octanol, nonanol-, 2, 6-2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol, nonylcarbinol, secondary undecyl alcohol, Exxal 12, secondary tetradecyl alcohol, secondary heptadecyl alcohol, phenol, hexalin, methyl-cyclohexanol, 3, 3, 5-cyclonol, benzylalcohol, the single methanol compounds such as Pyranton,
Ethylene glycol, 1,2-PD, 1,3 butylene glycol, 2,4-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-hexylene glycol, 2,4-heptanediol, 2-ethyl-1, the polyol compounds such as 3-hexylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol;
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethyleneglycol monophenylether, ethylene glycol list-2-ethyl-butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, Diethylene Glycol monohexyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dihydroxypropane single-ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, DPE, the part ether of the polyol compounds such as dipropylene glycol list propyl ether etc.
As ketone compound, can enumerate for example acetone, methylethylketone, methyl n-propyl ketone, methyl n-butyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK), methyl-n-amyl ketone, ethyl normal-butyl ketone, methyl n hexyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, trimethylammonium nonanone, pimelinketone, methyl-n-butyl ketone, methylcyclohexanone, 2, the single ketones compounds such as 4-diacetylmethane, acetonyl-acetone, methyl phenyl ketone, fenchone;
Acetyl Acetone, 2,4-hexanedione, 2,4-heptadione, 3,5-heptadione, 2; 4-acetyl caproyl, 3,5-acetyl caproyl, 2,4-diketone in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, 3; 5-diketone in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, 5-methyl-2,4-hexanedione, 2,2; 6,6-tetramethyl--3,5-heptadione, 1; 1,1,5; 5,5-hexafluoro-2, the beta-diketone compounds such as 4-heptadione etc.
As amide compound; can enumerate for example methane amide, N-METHYLFORMAMIDE, N; dinethylformamide, N-ethyl-formamide, N; N-diethylformamide, ethanamide, N-methylacetamide, N; N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE, N-ethyl acetamide, N, N-diethyl acetamide, N-methyl propanamide, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N-formyl morpholine, N-formyl piperidine, N-carbonyl pyrrolidine, N-ethanoyl morpholine, N-ethanoyl piperidines, N-acetyl-pyrrolidine etc.
As ester cpds, can enumerate for example diethyl carbonate, NSC 11801, propylene carbonate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, gamma-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, n-amyl acetate, sec-amyl acetate, acetic acid 3-methoxyl group butyl ester, methyl amyl acetate, acetic acid 2-ethyl butyl ester, acetic acid 2-ethylhexyl, jasmal, hexalin acetate, methylcyclohexyl acetate, n-nonyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, methyl aceto acetate, acetic acid ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, acetic acid diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetic acid diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, acetic acid Diethylene Glycol mono-n-butyl ether, acetic acid propylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetic acid dihydroxypropane single-ether, acetic acid propylene glycol monopropyl ether, acetic acid propylene glycol monobutyl ether, acetic acid dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetic acid DPE, oxalic acid glycol, acetic acid methoxyl group triglycol, ethyl propionate, n-butyl propionate, isoamyl propionate, oxalic acid diethyl ester, dibutyl oxalate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, n-butyl lactate, lactic acid n-pentyl ester, diethyl malonate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate etc.
As other non-proton property compound, can enumerate for example acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N, N ', N '-tetraethyl-sulphonamide, hexamethyl phosphoric triamide, N-methylmorpholine ketone, N-methylpyrrole, N-N-ethyl pyrrole N-, N-methyl-Δ 3-pyrroline, N-methyl piperidine, N-ethylpiperidine, N, N-lupetazin, N-Methylimidazole, N-methyl-4-piperidone, N-methyl-2-piperidone, NMP, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone, 1,3-dimethyl tetrahydro-2 (1H)-pyrimidone etc.
In these solvents, part ether and the ester cpds of preferred polyol compound, polyol compound.
As the water yield using when synthetic [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, 1 mole of the alkoxyl group having with respect to raw silicon hydride compounds and the total of halogen atom, be preferably 0.5 mole～100 moles, more preferably 1 mole～30 moles, be particularly preferably 1 mole～1.5 moles.
As operable catalyzer when synthetic [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, can enumerate such as metallo-chelate, organic acid, mineral acid, organic bases, alkali metal compound, alkali earth metallic compound, ammonia etc.They can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
As metallo-chelate, can enumerate for example triethoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) titanium, three positive propoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) titaniums, three isopropoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) titaniums, three n-butoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) titaniums, three sec-butoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) titaniums, three tert.-butoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) titaniums, diethoxy bis(acetylacetonate) titanium, two positive propoxy bis(acetylacetonate) titaniums, diisopropoxy bis(acetylacetonate) titanium, two n-butoxy bis(acetylacetonate) titaniums, two sec-butoxy bis(acetylacetonate) titaniums, two tert.-butoxy bis(acetylacetonate) titaniums, monosubstituted ethoxy tri acetylacetonato titanium, single positive propoxy tri acetylacetonato titanium, single isopropoxy tri acetylacetonato titanium, single n-butoxy tri acetylacetonato titanium, single sec-butoxy tri acetylacetonato titanium, single tert.-butoxy tri acetylacetonato titanium, four (methyl ethyl diketone) titanium, triethoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, three positive propoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, three isopropoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, three n-butoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, three sec-butoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, three tert.-butoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, diethoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, two positive propoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, diisopropoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, two n-butoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, two sec-butoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, two tert.-butoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, monosubstituted ethoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, single positive propoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, single isopropoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, single n-butoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, single sec-butoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, single tert.-butoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, four (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, single (methyl ethyl diketone) three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium, two (methyl ethyl diketone) two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titaniums, the titanium chelate compounds such as tri acetylacetonato list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) titanium,
Triethoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconium, three positive propoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, three isopropoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, three n-butoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, three sec-butoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, three tert.-butoxy list (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, diethoxy two (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconium, two positive propoxy two (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, diisopropoxy two (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconium, two n-butoxy two (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, two sec-butoxy two (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, two tert.-butoxy two (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconiums, monosubstituted ethoxy tri acetylacetonato zirconium, single positive propoxy tri acetylacetonato zirconium, single isopropoxy tri acetylacetonato zirconium, single n-butoxy tri acetylacetonato zirconium, single sec-butoxy tri acetylacetonato zirconium, single tert.-butoxy tri acetylacetonato zirconium, four (methyl ethyl diketone) zirconium, triethoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, three positive propoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, three isopropoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, three n-butoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, three sec-butoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, three tert.-butoxy list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, diethoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, two positive propoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, diisopropoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, two n-butoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, two sec-butoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, two tert.-butoxy two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, monosubstituted ethoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, single positive propoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, single isopropoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, single n-butoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, single sec-butoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, single tert.-butoxy three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, four (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, single (methyl ethyl diketone) three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium, two (methyl ethyl diketone) two (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconiums, the zirconium chelate compounds such as tri acetylacetonato list (ethyl acetoacetic ester) zirconium,
The aluminum chelate compounds such as aluminium tris(acetylacetonate), three (ethyl acetoacetic ester) aluminium etc.
As organic acid, can enumerate for example acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, sad, n-nonanoic acid, capric acid, oxalic acid, toxilic acid, Methylpropanedioic acid, hexanodioic acid, sebacic acid, gallic acid, butyric acid, mellitic acid, Ara, shikimic acid, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linolic acid, linolenic acid, Whitfield's ointment, phenylformic acid, para-amino benzoic acid, tosic acid, Phenylsulfonic acid, monochloro acetic acid, dichloro acetic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, propanedioic acid, sulfonic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, tartrate etc.
As mineral acid, can enumerate hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid etc.
As organic bases, can enumerate such as pyridine, pyrroles, piperazine, tetramethyleneimine, piperidines, picoline, Trimethylamine 99, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethyl monoethanolamine, monomethyl diethanolamine, trolamine, diazabicyclo octane, diazabicyclo nonane, diazabicyclo undecylene, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide etc.
As alkali metal compound, can enumerate such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide etc.
As alkali earth metallic compound, can enumerate such as hydrated barta, calcium hydroxide etc.
Wherein, preferable alloy chelate compound, organic acid and mineral acid, more preferably titanium chelate compound and organic acid.
As the usage quantity of catalyzer, with respect to 100 mass parts raw silicon hydride compounds, be preferably 0.001 mass parts～10 mass parts, more preferably 0.001 mass parts～1 mass parts.
The water adding in the time of synthetic [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, can add to intermittently or continuously as in the silane compound of raw material or add to silane compound is dissolved in the solution of organic solvent.Catalyzer can add in advance as in the silane compound of raw material or add to silane compound is dissolved in the solution of organic solvent, also can dissolve or be dispersed in the water of interpolation.
Temperature of reaction during as synthetic [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds, is preferably 0 DEG C～100 DEG C, and more preferably 15 DEG C～80 DEG C.As the reaction times, be preferably 0.5 hour～24 hours, more preferably 1 hour～8 hours.
[containing of other polymkeric substance is proportional]
In the time that this liquid crystal aligning agent contains other polymkeric substance, as other polymkeric substance containing proportional, according to the kind of other polymkeric substance and difference, but with respect to 100 mass parts [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, be preferably below 10000 mass parts.
In the time that this liquid crystal aligning agent contains [B] polymkeric substance, as the total amount of polyamic acid and polyimide containing proportional, with respect to 100 mass parts [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, be preferably 200 mass parts～5000 mass parts.
In the time that this liquid crystal aligning agent contains [C] other organopolysiloxane, as [C] other polyorganosiloxane compounds containing proportional, with respect to 100 mass parts organopolysiloxane, be preferably 100 mass parts～2000 mass parts.
In the time that this liquid crystal aligning agent contains other polymkeric substance, as the kind of other polymkeric substance, preferably other organopolysiloxane of [B] polymkeric substance or [C], more preferably [B] polymkeric substance.
< optional member >
As optional member, can enumerate for example solidifying agent, curing catalysts, curing catalyst, in molecule, there are the compound (following, be sometimes referred to as " epoxy compounds "), functional silanes compound, tensio-active agent etc. of at least one epoxy group(ing).Below, describe in detail for these optional members.
[solidifying agent, curing catalysts and curing catalyst]
In order to make the crosslinking reaction of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds more firm, in this liquid crystal aligning agent, can contain solidifying agent and curing catalysts.In addition,, for the curing reaction that promotes that solidifying agent is controlled, in this liquid crystal aligning agent, can contain above-mentioned curing catalyst.
As solidifying agent, can use the solidifying agent of the curing use of the solidification compound that is generally used for thering is the solidified nature compound of epoxy group(ing) or contain the compound with epoxy group(ing), it can enumerate such as polyamine, polybasic acid anhydride, polycarboxylic acid etc.
As polybasic acid anhydride, can enumerate the tricarboxylic acid anhydride of such as hexanaphthene and other polybasic acid anhydride etc.As hexanaphthene tricarboxylic acid anhydride, can enumerate for example hexanaphthene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, hexanaphthene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, hexanaphthene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, hexanaphthene-1,3,4-tricarboxylic acid-3,4-acid anhydride, hexanaphthene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid-3,5-acid anhydride, hexanaphthene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid-2,3-acid anhydride etc.
As other polybasic acid anhydride, can enumerate 4-methyltetrahydro Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride for example, methyl carbic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, Succinic anhydried, maleic anhydride, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, trimellitic acid 1,2-anhydride and normally used tetracarboxylic dianhydride in polyamic acid synthetic, in addition, can also enumerate α-terpinene, alloocimene etc. and there is the ester ring type compound of conjugated double bond and Diels-Alder reaction resultant and their hydride etc. of maleic anhydride.
As the usage ratio of solidifying agent, with respect to 100 mass parts [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, be preferably below 100 mass parts.
As curing catalysts, can enumerate such as antimony hexafluoride compound, phosphorus hexafluoride compound, aluminium triacetyl acetic ester etc.As the usage ratio of curing catalysts, with respect to 100 mass parts [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, be preferably below 2 mass parts.
As curing catalyst, for example can enumerate
Imidazolium compounds;
Quaternary phosphonium compound;
Quaternary ammonium compound;
The diazabicyclo alkene that 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undecylene-7 or its organic acid salt are such;
Zinc octoate, stannous octoate, the such organometallic compound of aluminium acetylacetic ester complex compound;
Boron trifluoride, the such boron compound of triphenyl borate;
Zinc chloride, the such metal halide of tin chloride;
The high-melting-point decentralized potentiality curing catalysts such as the amine add-on type promotor that the affixture of diamines diamide, amine and epoxy resin is such;
By the microcapsule-type potentiality curing catalyst on the surfaces such as polymer overmold quaternary alkylphosphonium salt;
Amine salt type potentiality curing catalyst;
Hot cationic polymerization type potentiality curing catalyst of the such pyrolytic decomposition type of lewis acid, Bronsted hydrochlorate etc.
As the usage ratio of curing catalyst, with respect to 100 mass parts [A] organopolysiloxane, be preferably below 10 mass parts.
[epoxy compounds]
In order further to improve the liquid crystal orientation film of formation with respect to the cementability of substrate surface, in this liquid crystal aligning agent, can contain epoxy compounds.
As epoxy compounds, can enumerate for example ethylene glycol diglycidylether, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether, propylene glycol diglycidylether, tripropyleneglycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentylglycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidylether, 2, 2-dibromoneopentyl glycol diglycidylether, 1, 3, 5, 6-four glycidyl group-2, 4-hexylene glycol, N, N, N ', N '-four glycidyl group-m-xylene diamine, 1, 3-bis-(N, N-diglycidyl amino methyl) hexanaphthene, N, N, N ', N '-four glycidyl group-4, 4 '-diaminodiphenyl-methane, N, N-diglycidyl-benzyl amine, N, N-diglycidyl-amino methyl hexanaphthene etc.
As epoxy compounds containing proportional, with respect to total 100 mass parts of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds and other polymkeric substance of containing arbitrarily, be preferably below 40 mass parts, more preferably 0.1 mass parts～30 mass parts.In addition, in the time that this liquid crystal aligning agent contains epoxy compounds, in order effectively to produce crosslinking reaction, can be used together the alkaline catalystss such as 1 benzyl 2 methyl imidazole.
[functional silanes compound]
In order to improve the liquid crystal orientation film of formation for the cementability of substrate surface, can use above-mentioned functional silanes compound.
As functional silanes compound, can enumerate for example 3-TSL 8330, APTES, 2-TSL 8330, 2-aminopropyltriethoxywerene werene, N-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-TSL 8330, N-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-aminopropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, 3-uride base propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-uride base propyl-triethoxysilicane, N-ethoxy carbonyl-3-TSL 8330, N-ethoxy carbonyl-APTES, N-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide diethylenetriamine, N-trimethoxy-silylpropyl diethylenetriamine, 10-trimethoxysilyl-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 7-tri-azepine decane, 10-triethoxysilyl-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 7-tri-azepine decane, 9-trimethoxysilyl-3,6-diaza nonyl acetic ester, 9-triethoxysilyl-3,6-diaza nonyl acetic ester, N-benzyl-3-TSL 8330, N-benzyl-APTES, N-phenyl-3-TSL 8330, N-phenyl-APTES, N-bis-(oxygen base ethylidene)-3-TSL 8330, N-bis-(oxygen base ethylidene)-APTES, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimewasxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxy group(ing) cyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the reactant etc. with amino silane compound, in addition, can also enumerate the tetracarboxylic dianhydride that records in Japanese kokai publication sho 63-291922 communique and the reactant etc. with amino silane compound.
As functional silanes compound containing proportional, with respect to total 100 mass parts of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds and other polymkeric substance of containing arbitrarily, be preferably below 50 mass parts, more preferably below 20 mass parts.
[tensio-active agent]
As tensio-active agent, can enumerate such as nonionogenic tenside, anion surfactant, cats product, amphoterics, polysiloxane surfactant, polyoxyalkylene surfactants, fluorochemical surfactant etc.
As the usage ratio of tensio-active agent, with respect to all 100 mass parts of this liquid crystal aligning agent, be preferably below 10 mass parts, more preferably below 1 mass parts.
The modulator approach > of < liquid crystal aligning agent
As mentioned above, this liquid crystal aligning agent contains [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds as neccessary composition, and contains as required other composition, and the composition that is preferably dissolved in the solution shape in organic solvent as each composition is modulated.
As organic solvent, be preferably dissolving [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds and arbitrarily used other composition, and the solvent that can not react with them.As the organic solvent that can be preferred for this liquid crystal aligning agent, according to the kind of other polymkeric substance containing arbitrarily and difference.
Preferred organic solvent while containing [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds and [B] polymkeric substance as this liquid crystal aligning agent, can enumerate synthetic as polyamic acid in solvent used and the organic solvent of giving an example.These organic solvents can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
On the other hand, preferred organic solvent when only containing [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds as polymkeric substance or contain other polyorganosiloxane compounds of [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds and [C] as this liquid crystal aligning agent, can enumerate for example 1-oxyethyl group-2-propyl alcohol, dihydroxypropane single-ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monoacetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol ether, dipropylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol dme, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (ethylene glycol butyl ether), ethylene glycol monopentyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, Diethylene Glycol, methylcellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, propyl cellosolve acetic ester, butyl cellosolve acetate, methyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, propyl group Trivalin SF, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, n-amyl acetate, sec-amyl acetate, acetic acid 3-methoxyl group butyl ester, methyl amyl acetate, acetic acid 2-ethyl butyl ester, acetic acid 2-ethylhexyl, jasmal, n-hexyl acetate, hexalin acetate, octyl acetate, pentyl acetate, Isoamyl Acetate FCC etc.Wherein, preferred n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, n-amyl acetate, sec-amyl acetate etc.
Can be for modulating the preferred solvent of this liquid crystal aligning agent, according to having or not the kind that uses other polymkeric substance and this polymkeric substance, one or more of above-mentioned organic solvent can be used in combination and obtain.This solvent, in following preferred solid component concentration, can not separate out the each composition containing in liquid crystal aligning agent, and makes the scope that the surface tension of liquid crystal aligning agent is 25mN/m～40mN/m.
The solid component concentration of liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention, that is to say that the quality of all the components beyond desolventizing in liquid crystal aligning agent accounts for the ratio of liquid crystal aligning agent total mass, considers that viscosity, volatility etc. select, and is preferably 1 quality %～10 quality %.When solid component concentration is during less than 1 quality %, the thickness that has a liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent is too small and cannot obtain the situation of good liquid crystal orientation film.On the other hand, in the time that solid component concentration exceedes 10 quality %, have film thickness excessive and cannot obtain good liquid crystal orientation film, and the viscosity of liquid crystal aligning agent increases and causes the situation of coating characteristics deficiency.The scope of preferred solid component concentration, the method adopting during according to coating of liquid crystalline alignment agent on substrate and difference.For example, the solid component concentration scope while adopting spin-coating method, is preferably 1.5 quality %～4.5 quality %.When adopting when print process, solid component concentration is preferably the scope of 3 quality %～9 quality %, and to make thus soltion viscosity be the scope of 12mPas～50mPas.When adopting when ink jet method, solid component concentration is preferably the scope of 1 quality %～5 quality %, and to make thus soltion viscosity be the scope of 3mPas～15mPas.
Temperature while modulating this liquid crystal aligning agent, is preferably 0 DEG C～200 DEG C, and more preferably 10 DEG C～60 DEG C.
< liquid crystal orientation film and forming method thereof >
The liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent also suitably comprises in the present invention.As using this liquid crystal aligning agent to form the method for liquid crystal orientation film, according in [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, [B] have liquid crystal aligning can structure not contain the situation of the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (B-1) (following, formation method is in this case called " formation method (i) "), have liquid crystal aligning can the structure situation that contains the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (B-1) (following, formation method is in this case called " formation method (ii) ") and different.Below, describe in detail to formation method (i) with (ii).
[formation method (i)]
First, using two substrates that are provided with the nesa coating that forms pattern as a pair of, and by suitable coating processes such as such as rolling method, spin-coating method, print process, ink jet methods, in its each nesa coating forming surface, be coated with this liquid crystal aligning agent.Then, coated face is preheated to (prebake), then form film by burning till (curing afterwards).As the condition of prebake, for example, for to carry out at 40 DEG C～120 DEG C 0.1 minute～5 minutes.As after the condition of curing, be preferably at 120 DEG C～300 DEG C, more preferably, at 150 DEG C～250 DEG C, preferably carry out 5 minutes～200 minutes, more preferably carry out 10 minutes～100 minutes.After film thickness after curing, be preferably 0.001 μ m～1 μ m, more preferably 0.005 μ m～0.5 μ m.
As aforesaid substrate, can enumerate the transparency carrier of plastic basis materials such as for example comprising the glass baseplate such as float glass, soda-lime glass, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate etc.
As nesa coating, can enumerate and contain SnO 2nESA film, contain In 2o 3-SnO 2iTO film etc.As the formation pattern method of these nesa coatings, can enumerate such as photoetch method or forming the method etc. that uses mask when nesa coating.
In the time of coating of liquid crystalline alignment agent, in order to make the cementability of substrate or nesa coating and film better, can on substrate and nesa coating, be coated with in advance functional silanes compound, titanate compound etc.
In the time this liquid crystal aligning agent being used to form to the liquid crystal orientation film that vertical alignment-type liquid crystal display device uses, the liquid crystal orientation film that the film forming as mentioned above directly can be used as vertical alignment-type liquid crystal display device, also can execute grinding process to this coated surface arbitrary real.On the other hand, in the time liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention being used to form to horizontal alignment type liquid crystal orientation film used for liquid crystal display element, can form liquid crystal orientation film by implementing grinding process on the film forming as mentioned above.
Above-mentioned grinding process can be rubbed and implement by the reeled roller of the cloth that the fibers such as such as nylon, artificial silk, cotton form of use on certain orientation.Herein, can pass through for example Japanese kokai publication hei 6-222366 communique, it is such that Japanese kokai publication hei 6-281937 communique etc. is recorded, to a part of irradiation ultraviolet radiation of liquid crystal orientation film, thereby formed liquid crystal orientation film is implemented to change to the processing of tilt angle, or can be as recorded in Japanese kokai publication hei 5-107544 communique, form after etchant resist by being implemented in the part on formed liquid crystal orientation film surface, with previous grinding process different directions on carry out grinding process, then remove etchant resist, make liquid crystal orientation film on each region, there is the processing of different liquid crystal aligning energy, thereby can improve the field-of-view characteristics of the horizontal type liquid crystal display device of gained.
[formation method (ii)]
The formation method (ii) of the liquid crystal orientation film that the present invention comprises, comprising:
(1) liquid crystal aligning agent that comprises [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds is coated on substrate, form the operation of film, should comprise the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy with the represented structural unit of above-mentioned formula (B-1) by [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds, and
(2) at least a portion of film operation (1) being formed is irradiated the operation of radioactive rays.
By using the formation method of the present invention of this liquid crystal aligning agent, can form the liquid crystal orientation film that fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical.
Form operation as above-mentioned (1) film, can be suitable for and in formation method (i) illustrated film form the same operation of operation.
In formation method (ii), the operation that at least a portion of the film that can be formed operation (1) by (2) is irradiated radioactive rays replaces and forms illustrated grinding process in method (i), manufactures liquid crystal orientation film.
As radioactive rays, can use the radioactive rays of rectilinearly polarized light or partial poolarized light or the radioactive rays of non-polarized light, can enumerate the ultraviolet ray and the visible rays that for example comprise 150nm～800nm wavelength light, and preferably comprise the ultraviolet ray of 300nm～400nm wavelength light.Be rectilinearly polarized light or partial polarization light time at radioactive rays used, can irradiate from the direction vertical with real estate, and in order to give tilt angle, also can irradiate from the direction tilting, in addition, also they combinations can be carried out.In the time irradiating the radioactive rays of non-polarized light, the direction of irradiation is necessary for vergence direction.
As the light source using, can enumerate such as Cooper-Hewitt lamp, high pressure mercury vapour lamp, deuterium lamp, metal halide lamp, argon gas resonance lamp, xenon lamp, excimer laser etc.The ultraviolet ray in above-mentioned optimal wavelength region, can be by obtaining the method for above-mentioned light source and such as spectral filter, diffraction grating etc. use etc.
As the irradiation dose of radioactive rays, be preferably 1J/m 2above and less than 10000J/m 2, more preferably 10J/m 2～3000J/m 2.In addition, by optical alignment method when giving liquid crystal aligning energy by the film that known liquid crystal aligning agent formed in the past, need 10000J/m 2above radiation exposure amount, and using when this liquid crystal aligning agent, even if radiation exposure amount when optical alignment method is 3000J/m 2below, be further 1000J/m 2below, and be in particular 500J/m 2below, also can give good liquid crystal aligning energy, and contribute to the decline of liquid crystal display device manufacturing cost.
< liquid crystal display device >
The liquid crystal display device that possesses this liquid crystal orientation film also suitably comprises in the present invention.Therefore, possess the application's of the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent liquid crystal display device, can be suitably for display unit such as such as clock and watch, portable game machine, word processor, notebook computer, auto-navigation system, pick up camera, portable data assistance, digital camera, mobile phone, various indicating meter, LCD TV.
The manufacture method > of < liquid crystal display device
This liquid crystal display device for example can be manufactured as follows.
As first method, it is in the past known method, wherein, first, two plate bases are configured relatively across gap (box gap), make liquid crystal orientation film separately relatively to, and use sealing agent that the periphery position of this two plate base is fit together, in the box gap of being divided by substrate surface and sealing agent, inject after filling liquid crystal, sealing filling orifice, can manufacture liquid crystal cell thus.
As second method, the method that is called ODF (One Drop Fill instils) mode, wherein, regulation position on a substrate in two plate bases that form liquid crystal orientation film, for example ultra-violet solidified sealing material of coating, then the liquid crystal that drips on liquid crystal aligning face, another piece substrate of then fitting, make liquid crystal orientation film relatively to, then to whole irradiation ultraviolet radiation of substrate, make sealant cures, can manufacture thus liquid crystal cell.
In the situation that adopting either method, be all next to wish liquid crystal cell to be heated to the temperature that liquid crystal used is isotropic phase, then slowly cool to room temperature, the flow orientation while removing filling liquid crystal thus.Then,, by the polarization plates of fitting, can obtain thus liquid crystal display device of the present invention on the outer surface of liquid crystal cell.
As sealing agent, can enumerate and for example contain as the alumina balls of separator and the epoxy resin of solidifying agent etc.
As above-mentioned liquid crystal, can enumerate such as nematic liquid crystal and smectic liquid crystal etc.In TN type liquid crystal cell or STN type liquid crystal cell situation, preferably there is the nematic liquid crystal of positive dielectric anisotropy.As this liquid crystal, can enumerate such as biphenyls liquid crystal, Santosol 360 class liquid crystal, ester liquid crystal, Terphenyls liquid crystal, xenyl cyclohexanes liquid crystal, miazines liquid crystal, dioxane liquid crystal, double-octane class liquid crystal, cubane-like liquid crystal etc.In addition, in above-mentioned liquid crystal, can also further add and use the chirality agent of for example selling as cholesteryl liquid crystals (メ ルク company, " C-15 ", " CB-15 ") such as cholesteryl chloride, cholesteryl nonanoate, cholesteryl carbonates; To oxygen base α-tolylene-to Ferroelectric liquid Crystals such as amino-2-methyl butyl laurate etc. in the last of the ten Heavenly stems.
On the other hand, the in the situation that of vertical alignment-type liquid crystal box, preferably there is the nematic liquid crystal of negative dielectric anisotropic.As this liquid crystal, can enumerate such as dicyanobenzenes class liquid crystal, pyridazine class liquid crystal, Schiff bases liquid crystal, azoxy class liquid crystal, biphenyls liquid crystal, Santosol 360 class liquid crystal etc.
The polarization plates using as the outside of liquid crystal cell, can enumerate and clamp when making polyvinyl alcohol stretch orientation with rhodia protective membrane, the polarizing coating that is referred to as " H film " of absorption iodine gained and polarization plates that the polarization plates that forms or H film form self.
Embodiment
Below, based on embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention and can't help this embodiment record and restrictively explain.
In addition, as required, repeat the synthetic of starting compound in the synthetic route shown in following synthesis example and polymkeric substance, guarantee the necessary amount of starting compound and polymkeric substance used in following embodiment.Epoxy equivalent (weight) is measured according to JIS C2105 " hydrochloric acid-methylethylketone method ".Soltion viscosity (mPas) is to use E type rotational viscosimeter to measure the solution that in each synthesis example, the polymer concentration of polymers soln is adjusted into 10 quality %.
< has the synthetic > of the organopolysiloxane of epoxy group(ing)
[synthesis example 1]
Having in the reaction vessel of agitator, thermometer, dropping funnel and reflux condensing tube, add 100.0g2-(3,4-epoxy group(ing) cyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 500g mibk and 10.0g triethylamine, and at room temperature mix.Then, splashed into 100g deionized water through 30 minutes by dropping funnel, then under refluxing, mix, and at 80 DEG C, react 6 hours.After reaction finishes, take out organic layer, the water that uses the aqueous ammonium nitrate solution of 0.2 quality % to wash after extremely washing is neutral, then under reduced pressure distillates solvent and water, obtains the organopolysiloxane with epoxy group(ing) (EPS-1) as thickness transparent liquid.
(EPS-1) carried out 1h-NMR analyzes, and result can obtain the peak based on epoxy group(ing) the same with theoretical strength, the side reaction that can confirm not produce thus epoxy group(ing) in reaction near chemical shift (δ)=3.2ppm.(EPS-1) Mw is 2200, and epoxy equivalent (weight) is 186g/ mole.
The synthetic > of < compound (A-1-1)
[synthesis example 2]
According to following synthetic route, synthetic compound (A-1-1).
In the eggplant type flask of 500mL, add 23.6g2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-hydroxy piperidine, 15.0g Succinic anhydried, 200mL pyridine, stirring reaction 9 hours at 80 DEG C.After reaction finishes, at room temperature leave standstill 1 day, crystallization, except desolventizing, obtains the white crystals of 37.1g compound (A-1-1).
< has the synthetic > of the compound of liquid crystal aligning energy
[synthesis example 3]
According to following synthetic route, synthetic compound (b-1).
In the eggplant type flask of 1L, add 82g Hydroxycinnamic acid, 304g salt of wormwood and 400mL METHYLPYRROLIDONE, at room temperature stir after 1 hour, add 166g1-bromo pentane silane, at 100 DEG C, stir 5 hours.Then, under reduced pressure distillate solvent.Add wherein 48g sodium hydroxide and 400mL water, reflux 3 hours, reaction is hydrolyzed.After reaction finishes, by hydrochloric acid neutralization reaction system, reclaim the precipitation generating, and carry out recrystallization with ethanol, obtain the white crystals of 80g compound (b-1).
[synthesis example 4]
According to following synthetic route synthetic compound (b-2).
In the eggplant type flask of 1L, add 91.3g4-methyl hydroxybenzoate, 182.4g salt of wormwood and 320mL METHYLPYRROLIDONE, at room temperature stir after 1 hour, add 99.7g1-bromo pentane silane, at 100 DEG C, stir 5 hours.After reaction finishes, water carries out redeposition.Then, in this precipitation, add 48g sodium hydroxide and 400mL water, reflux 3 hours, reaction is hydrolyzed.After reaction finishes, with hydrochloric acid neutralization, and the precipitation generating is carried out to recrystallization with ethanol, obtain the white crystals of (104g) compound (b-2 ').104g compound (b-2 ') is put in reaction vessel, added wherein 1L thionyl chloride and 770 μ LN, dinethylformamide stirs 1 hour at 80 DEG C.Then, under reduced pressure distillate thionyl chloride, add methylene dichloride, with sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution washing, and by dried over mgso, concentrate, then add tetrahydrofuran (THF) to form solution.Then,, from an above-mentioned different 5L there-necked flask, add 74g4-hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID, 138g salt of wormwood, 4.8g TBuA, 500mL tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1L water.This aqueous solution is carried out to frozen water cooling, and slowly drip the tetrahydrofuran solution of the reactant that contains above-claimed cpd (b-2 ') and thionyl chloride, more under agitation react 2 hours.After reaction finishes, in reaction mixture, add hydrochloric acid to neutralize, and extract by ethyl acetate, then use dried over mgso extracting solution, concentrate, then carry out recrystallization with ethanol, obtain thus the white crystals of 90g compound (b-2).
[synthesis example 5]
According to following synthetic route synthetic compound (b-3).
In the eggplant type flask of 1L, add 82g4-methyl hydroxybenzoate, 166g salt of wormwood and 400mL N,N-dimethylacetamide, at room temperature stir after 1 hour, add 95g4, the fluoro-1-butyl iodide of 4,4-tri-, at room temperature stirs 5 hours, reacts.After reaction finishes, water carries out redeposition.Then, in this precipitation, add 32g sodium hydroxide and 400mL water, reflux 4 hours, reaction is hydrolyzed.After reaction finishes, with hydrochloric acid neutralization, and the precipitation generating is carried out to recrystallization with ethanol, obtain the white crystals of 80g compound (b-3 ').46.4g in compound (b-3 ') is put in reaction vessel, add wherein 200mL thionyl chloride and 0.2mLN, dinethylformamide stirs 1 hour at 80 DEG C.Then, under reduced pressure distillate thionyl chloride, add methylene dichloride, with sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution washing, and by dried over mgso, concentrate, then add tetrahydrofuran (THF) to form solution.Then,, from an above-mentioned different 2L there-necked flask, add 36g4-hydroxyl TRANSCINNAMIC ACID, 55g salt of wormwood, 2.4g TBuA, 200mL tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 400mL water.This aqueous solution is carried out to frozen water cooling, and slowly drip the tetrahydrofuran solution of the reactant that contains above-claimed cpd (b-3 ') and thionyl chloride, more under agitation react 2 hours.After reaction finishes, in reaction mixture, add hydrochloric acid to neutralize, and extract by ethyl acetate, then use dried over mgso extracting solution, concentrate, then carry out recrystallization with ethanol, obtain thus the white crystals of 39g compound (b-3).
[synthesis example 6]
According to following synthetic route, synthetic compound (b-4).
Except in above-mentioned synthesis example 4, use 9.91g4-amyl group-trans cyclohexane carboxylic acid to replace outside compound (b-2 '), and synthesis example 4 operate equally, obtain the white crystals of 13g compound (b-4).
[synthesis example 7]
According to following synthetic route synthetic compound (b-5).
In the 500mL there-necked flask with return line, thermometer and nitrogen ingress pipe, add 31g compound (b-5 '), 0.23g acid chloride, 1.2g tri-(o-tolyl) phosphine, 56mL triethylamine, 8.2mL vinylformic acid and 200mL N, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE, and at 120 DEG C, under agitation react 3 hours.After reaction finishes, filter reaction mixture, in the solution of gained, add 1L ethyl acetate, and organic layer to gained, use successively dilute hydrochloric acid washed twice, wash with water 3 times.Then use dried over mgso organic layer, and concentrated, solid, then carry out recrystallization with the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran (THF), obtain thus the crystallization of 15g compound (b-5).
[synthesis example 8]
According to following synthetic route, synthetic compound (b-6).
Except using 36g compound (b-6 ') to replace compound (b-5 '), and above-mentioned synthesis example 7 operates equally, obtains 16g compound (b-6).
[synthesis example 9]
According to following synthetic route, synthetic compound (b-7).
In the 200mL eggplant type flask with return line, add 12g decyl Succinic anhydried, the amino TRANSCINNAMIC ACID of 8.2g4-and 100mL acetic acid, under refluxing, react 2 hours.After reaction finishes, with ethyl acetate abstraction reaction mixture, wash organic layer with water, and by dried over mgso, then refine with silicon post, and further carry out recrystallization with the mixed solvent of ethanol and tetrahydrofuran (THF), obtain thus the white crystals (purity is 98.0%) of 10g compound (b-7).
[synthesis example 10]
Except in above-mentioned synthesis example 7, use the represented compound of 28g following formula (b-8 ') to replace outside compound (b-5 '), and synthesis example 7 operate equally, obtain the represented compound (b-8) of the following formula of 14g.
[synthesis example 11]
According to following synthetic route, synthetic compound (b-9).
In the 500mL there-necked flask with return line and nitrogen ingress pipe, add 39g β-cholesterol, 20g Succinic anhydried, 1.5g N, N-dimethyl aminopyridine, 200mL ethyl acetate and 17mL triethylamine react 8 hours under refluxing.After reaction finishes, in reaction mixture, add 200mL tetrahydrofuran (THF), and organic layer to gained, use successively 1N dilute hydrochloric acid washed twice, wash with water 3 times.And by dried over mgso, then under reduced pressure except desolventizing, and by ethyl acetate, the solid of gained is carried out to recrystallization, obtain thus the white crystals of 38g compound (b-9).
<[A] the synthetic > of polyorganosiloxane compounds
[synthesis example 12]
In the there-necked flask of 200mL, add 10.0g (EPS-1), 69.5g mibk, 2.77g compound (the A-1-1) (epoxy group(ing) having with respect to organopolysiloxane EPS-1, be equivalent to 20 % by mole), the 4.60g stearic acid (epoxy group(ing) having with respect to organopolysiloxane (EPS-1), be equivalent to 30 % by mole) and 1.00g Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, at 100 DEG C, stir 8 hours, react.After reaction finishes, carry out redeposition with methyl alcohol, and throw out is dissolved in ethyl acetate, obtain solution, and water is to solution washing 5 times, then distillates solvent, obtains thus 15.8g [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds (S-1) as white powder.
[synthesis example 13～synthesis example 33]
Make kind and the use level of the compound coordinating, as shown in table 1 respectively, and operate equally with synthesis example 12, synthetic [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds (S-2)～(S-22).
In addition, the usage ratio of the compound in table 1, be the epoxy group(ing) that has with respect to (EPS-1) % by mole.In addition, the Mw of organopolysiloxane (S-1)～(S-22), is shown in table 1 together.In addition, Whitfield's ointment, the benzoic structure of 4-diethylamino are as follows successively.
[relatively synthesis example 1]
In the there-necked flask of 200mL, add 10.0g (EPS-1), 58.4g mibk, the 4.60g stearic acid (epoxy group(ing) having with respect to organopolysiloxane EPS-1, be equivalent to 30 % by mole) and 1.00g Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, at 100 DEG C, stir 8 hours, react.After reaction finishes, carry out redeposition with methyl alcohol, and throw out is dissolved in and in ethyl acetate, obtains solution, water, to this solution washing 5 times, then distillates solvent, obtains thus the organopolysiloxane (CS-1) of 12.4g as white powder.
[relatively synthesis example 2～4]
Make the kind of compound and the use level that coordinate as shown in table 1 respectively, and and relatively synthesis example 1 operate equally, synthesize polyorganosiloxane compounds (CS-2)～(CS-4).The Mw of organopolysiloxane (CS-1) in addition ,～(CS-4) is shown in table 1 together.
<[B] the synthetic > of polymkeric substance (polyamic acid)
[synthesis example 34]
Using the 196g (1.0 moles) 1 as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,3,4-tetramethylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, with the 212g (1.0 moles) 2 as diamines, 2 '-dimethyl-4,4 '-benzidine is dissolved in 4050g NMP, at 40 DEG C, react the polyamic acid solution (PA-1) that obtain solid component concentration and be 10%, soltion viscosity is 170mPas 3 hours.
[synthesis example 35]
Using the 86.3g (0.44 mole) 1 as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,3,4-tetramethylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride and 96.0g (0.44 mole) pyromellitic acid dianhydride, with the 191.0g (0.90 mole) 2 as diamines, 2 '-dimethyl-4,4 '-benzidine is dissolved in 1490g NMP, at 40 DEG C, react 4 hours, then further add NMP, the polyamic acid solution (PA-2) that obtain solid component concentration and be 10%, soltion viscosity is 43mPas.
<[B] the synthetic > of polymkeric substance (polyimide)
[synthesis example 36]
Using the 20.9g (0.093 mole) 2 as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride, with 9.2g (0.085 mole) Ursol D as diamines and the represented compound of 4.9g (0.009 mole) following formula (DA), be dissolved in 140g NMP, at 60 DEG C, react 4 hours, the polyamic acid solution of gained takes a morsel, and add NMP, the polyamic acid solution that obtain solid component concentration and be 10%, soltion viscosity is 126mPas.Then, in the polyamic acid solution of gained, append 325g NMP, and add 7.4g pyridine and 9.5g diacetyl oxide, at 110 DEG C, carry out 4 hours dehydration closed-loops.After dehydration closed-loop reaction, the solvent in system is carried out to solvent exchange with new NMP, obtain about 210g and contain the solution that 16.1 % by weight imide rates are about 54% polyimide (PI-1).The take a morsel polyimide solution of gained, adds NMP, and making solid component concentration is 10%, and the soltion viscosity of its mensuration is 75mPas.
[synthesis example 37]
Using the 20.0g (0.089 mole) 2 as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride, with 6.8g (0.063 mole) Ursol D, the 3.6g (0.018 mole) 4 as diamines, the represented compound of 4 '-diaminodiphenyl-methane and 4.7g (0.0090 mole) above-mentioned formula (DA), be dissolved in 140g NMP, at 60 DEG C, react the polyamic acid solution that obtain solid component concentration and be 20%, soltion viscosity is 2200mPas 4 hours.Then, in the polyamic acid solution of gained, append 325g NMP, and add 10.5g pyridine and 13.6g diacetyl oxide, at 110 DEG C, carry out dehydration closed-loop reaction in 4 hours.After dehydration closed-loop reaction, the solution in system is carried out to solvent exchange with new NMP, obtain the solution (solid component concentration is 20%) that about 160g imide rate is about 65% polyimide (PI-2).
[synthesis example 38]
Using the 19.2g (0.086 mole) 2 as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,5-tricarboxylic base NSC 60134 dianhydride, with the 5.2g (0.034 mole) 3 as diamines, the represented diamines of 5-diaminobenzoic acid and 25.5g (0.052 mole) following formula, be dissolved in 200g NMP, at 60 DEG C, react 4 hours, the polyamic acid solution that obtain solid component concentration and be 20%, soltion viscosity is 1450mPas.Then, in the polyamic acid solution of gained, append 250g NMP, and add 10.2g pyridine and 13.2g diacetyl oxide, at 110 DEG C, carry out dehydration closed-loop reaction in 4 hours.After dehydration closed-loop reaction, the solution in system is carried out to solvent exchange with new NMP, obtain about 230g and contain the solution that 20 % by weight imide rates are about 67% polyimide (PI-3).
<[C] other the synthetic > of polyorganosiloxane compounds
[synthesis example 39]
In the 200mL there-necked flask with prolong, add 20.8g tetraethoxysilane and 28.2g1-oxyethyl group-2-propyl alcohol, be heated to 60 DEG C and stirring.The 0.26g maleic anhydride of modulating in other flask that the capacity that is added in is wherein 20mL is dissolved in the maleic anhydride aqueous solution of gained in 10.8g water, then at 60 DEG C, stirs 4 hours, reacts.After reaction finishes, from the reaction mixture of gained, distillate solvent, in remnant, add 1-oxyethyl group-2-propyl alcohol, again concentrated, obtain thus solid component concentration and be 10% organopolysiloxane (PS-1) solution.Mw is 5100.
The modulation > of < liquid crystal aligning agent
[embodiment 1]
By 100 mass parts organopolysiloxane (S-1) be scaled the solution that contains polyamic acid (PA-1) that polyamic acid (PA-1) is equivalent to 1000 mass parts and mix, and to add wherein NMP and ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, formation solvent composition be that NMP: ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether=50:50 (mass ratio), solid component concentration are the solution of 3.0 quality %.Use aperture is that the strainer of 1 μ m filters this solution, and modulation liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-1), sets it as embodiment 1.
[embodiment 2～39 and comparative example 1～7]
Kind and the usage quantity of the mixture coordinating are distinguished as described later shown in table 2, and operate equally with embodiment 1, modulation liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-2)～(AF-39) and (CAF-1)～(CAF-7), using them as embodiment 2～39, comparative example 1～7.
< storage stability >
For above-mentioned each liquid crystal aligning agent, evaluate storage stability according to following (method 1) or (method 2).The results are shown in table 2.
(method 1)
Use spin-coating method, and taking rotation number as variable, by liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-1)～(AF-12) and (CAF-1)～(CAF-3) be coated on glass substrate, then at 200 DEG C, heat 60 minutes, form thus film, investigation makes the film thickness removing after desolventizing be rotation number.Then, get a part for above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning agent, it is preserved 5 weeks at-15 DEG C.Liquid crystal aligning agent after visual observation is preserved, is evaluated as storage stability " bad " observing when insolubles is separated out.Preserving 5 Zhou Houwei while observing insolubles, further by spin-coating method, and taking preserve front thickness as rotation number, the liquid crystal aligning agent after preserving is coated on glass substrate, then at 200 DEG C, heat 60 minutes, form film, measure the thickness removing after desolventizing.When this thickness by change 10% when above, be evaluated as storage stability " bad ", when the variation of thickness is less than 10% time, be evaluated as storage stability " well ".In addition, the mensuration of above-mentioned film thickness, the poor film thickness gauge of contact pin type section that uses KLA-Tencor company to manufacture carries out.
(method 2)
By liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-13)～(AF-39) and (CAF-4)～(CAF-7) keeping 6 months at-15 DEG C.Before and after keeping, use E type viscometer to measure viscosity at 25 DEG C.When the velocity of variation of soltion viscosity before and after keeping is less than 10% time, be evaluated as storage stability " well ", when it is 10% when above, be evaluated as storage stability " bad ".
[table 2]
The manufacture > of < liquid crystal display device
[embodiment 40]
Use spin coater liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-1) to be coated on the transparent electrical pole-face of the glass substrate with the transparency electrode being formed by ITO film, and on the hot plate of 80 DEG C prebake 1 minute, then having carried out in the baking oven of nitrogen replacement, at 200 DEG C, heat 1 hour, except desolventizing, forming thickness is the film of 0.1 μ m.Repeat this operation, make a pair of (two) and have the substrate of liquid crystal orientation film.By silk screen printing, after the periphery in an above-mentioned plate base with the face of liquid crystal orientation film is coated with and has added diameter to be the epoxy resin binder of alumina balls of 5.5 μ m, by overlapping the liquid crystal aligning face of a pair of substrate and pressing, and at 150 DEG C, heat 1 hour, make tackiness agent thermofixation.Then, in the gap of substrate, fill nematic liquid crystal (メ ルク company by liquid crystal injecting port, MLC-6608) after, with epoxy be adhesive seal liquid crystal injecting port, in addition, flow orientation when eliminating Liquid crystal pour, slowly cools to room temperature by heating at its 150 DEG C after 10 minutes.The polarization plates of further fitting on the two sides, outside of substrate, makes the direction of polarized light of two polarization plates orthogonal, manufactures thus the liquid crystal display device of vertical orientating type, sets it as embodiment 40.
[embodiment 41～51, comparative example 8～10]
Use liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-2)～(AF-12) and (CAF-1)～(CAF-3), and embodiment 40 operate equally, manufacture liquid crystal display device, using them as embodiment 41～51, comparative example 8～10.
[embodiment 52]
Use spin coater liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-13) to be coated on the transparent electrical pole-face of the glass substrate with the transparency electrode being formed by ITO film, and on the hot plate of 80 DEG C prebake 1 minute, then having carried out in the baking oven of nitrogen replacement, at 200 DEG C, heat 1 hour, except desolventizing, forming thickness is the film of 0.1 μ m.Then, use Hg-Xe lamp and Glan-Taylor prism, by the direction of 40 ° of relative substrate normal inclinations, this film coated surface is irradiated to 200J/m 2comprise the polarized UV rays that wavelength is 313nm bright line, form liquid crystal orientation film.Repeat same operation, make a pair of (two) and have the substrate of liquid crystal orientation film.By silk screen printing, after the periphery in an above-mentioned plate base with the face of liquid crystal orientation film is coated with and has added diameter to be the epoxy resin binder of alumina balls of 5.5 μ m, the liquid crystal aligning face that makes a pair of substrate relatively to and carry out pressing, making the projecting direction of each substrate middle-ultraviolet lamp optical axis on real estate is antiparallel, and at 150 DEG C, heat 1 hour, make tackiness agent thermofixation.Then, filled after nematic liquid crystal (メ ルク company, MLC-6608) in the gap between substrate by liquid crystal injecting port, with epoxy adhesive encapsulated liquid crystals inlet.In addition, the flow orientation when eliminating Liquid crystal pour, slowly cools to room temperature by heating at its 150 DEG C after 10 minutes.Then, the polarization plates of fitting on the two sides, outside of substrate, makes the direction of polarized light of polarization plates orthogonal, and the projecting direction of the ultraviolet optical axis that makes liquid crystal orientation film on real estate is 45° angle, manufacture thus the liquid crystal display device of vertical orientating type, set it as embodiment 52.
[embodiment 53～78, comparative example 11～14]
Use liquid crystal aligning agent (AF-13)～(AF-39) and (CAF-4)～(CAF-7), and embodiment 52 operate equally, manufacture liquid crystal display device, using them as embodiment 53～78, comparative example 11～14.
To the liquid crystal display device of embodiment 40～78 and comparative example 8～14, carry out following evaluation, result is displayed in Table 3.
< liquid crystal aligning >
The abnormal area that has or not when the liquid crystal display device switch to above-mentioned manufacture (applying releasing) the 5V voltage light and shade to change by visual observation.In the time that voltage closes, do not observe box light leak, and in the time applying voltage box drive area display white, and region does not in addition have the situation of light leak, is liquid crystal aligning " well ".In the time that voltage closes, observe box light leak, or in the time that voltage is opened, observe the situation of the region light leak beyond box drive area, be liquid crystal aligning " bad ".
< voltage retention >
To the liquid crystal display device of above-mentioned manufacture, under the envrionment temperature of 60 DEG C, apply after the voltage of 5V with the application time of 60 microseconds, the interval of 167 milliseconds, measure from applying the voltage retention removing 167 milliseconds.Determinator uses the VHR-1 of Dongyang テ Network ニ カ company.Voltage retention is 97% when above, is evaluated as voltage retention " well ".
< photostabilization >
Under the condition identical with the evaluation of voltage retention, the liquid crystal display device of above-mentioned manufacture is measured to the voltage retention at initial stage.Then, be configured in 100 watts of 5cm distances under type white fluorescent lamp, irradiating after 500 little time, again under condition same as described above, measured voltage retention.When with the reduced rate of the voltage retention of initial value comparison be below 1% time, be evaluated as photostabilization " A ", when it exceedes 1% and be below 2% time, be evaluated as photostabilization " B ", in the time that it exceedes 2%, be evaluated as photostabilization " C ".
[table 3]
Result from table 2 and 3 is clear, and the storage stability of liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is good.And known, the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent fully meets desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical.
Industrial applicibility
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of liquid crystal orientation film that fully meets the characteristics such as desired liquid crystal aligning, voltage retention and photostabilization as liquid crystal display device aspect practical; The formation method of this liquid crystal orientation film; The storage stability that is suitable as liquid crystal aligning film formation material is good, and can adopt optical alignment method to form the liquid crystal aligning agent of liquid crystal orientation film; And possesses the liquid crystal display device of liquid crystal orientation film.Possess the application's of the liquid crystal orientation film being formed by this liquid crystal aligning agent liquid crystal display device, can be suitably for display unit such as such as clock and watch, portable game machine, word processor, notebook computer, auto-navigation system, pick up camera, portable data assistance, digital camera, mobile telephone, various indicating meter, LCD TV.

Claims (15)

1. a liquid crystal aligning agent, it contains [A] and has the polyorganosiloxane compounds of aniline structure.
2. liquid crystal aligning agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein above-mentioned aniline structure is represented by following formula (A-3 '),
Formula (A-3 ') in, R 7and R 8the alkyl that is 1～16 for carbonatoms independently of one another, and, abovementioned alkyl in skeletal chain, can have Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, carbonyl, ester group or by the two or more groups that combine in them, the represented connecting key of * is connected with main chain or the side chain of organopolysiloxane skeleton.
3. liquid crystal aligning agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds contains: come from the group that the condenses of organopolysiloxane, its hydrolyzate and this hydrolyzate forms and select at least one part, this organopolysiloxane has the represented structural unit of following formula (1); Come from the part of the compound represented by following formula (A-3),
In formula (1), X afor thering is 1 valency organic group of epoxy group(ing), Y afor hydroxyl, the carbonatoms alkoxyl group that is 1～10, alkyl that carbonatoms is 1～20 or the carbonatoms aryl that is 6～20,
In formula (A-3), R 7and R 8with above-mentioned formula (A-3 ') synonym,
Y is the alkane 2 basis that singly-bound, carbonatoms are 1～16, and above-mentioned alkane 2 basis in structure, can have Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, carbonyl, ester group, amide group or by the two or more groups that combine in them, Z is carboxyl or hydroxyl.
4. liquid crystal aligning agent as claimed in claim 3, the wherein X in above-mentioned formula (1) afor following formula (X a-1) or formula (X a-2) represented group,
Formula (X a-1) and formula (X a-2) in, the integer that s is 0～3, the integer that t is 1～6, the integer that u is 0～2, the integer that v is 0～6, the represented connecting key of * is connected with Siliciumatom.
5. liquid crystal aligning agent as claimed in claim 4, wherein above-mentioned formula (X a-1) or formula (X a-2) represented group, is respectively following formula (X a-1-1) or (X a-2-1) represented group,
Formula (X a-1-1) and formula (X a-2-1) in, the represented connecting key of * is connected with Siliciumatom.
6. the liquid crystal aligning agent as described in claim 1～5 any one, wherein [A] polyorganosiloxane compounds comprises the structure with liquid crystal aligning energy.
7. liquid crystal aligning agent as claimed in claim 6, the wherein above-mentioned structure with liquid crystal aligning energy, the organic group that to have by the carbonatoms with steroid skeleton be 17～51, carbonatoms is 2～20 alkyl, carbonatoms is 1～20 fluoro-alkyl, cyclohexyl, there is carbonatoms and is the alkoxy aryl of 2～20 alkyl, there is carbonatoms and is the alkyl-cyclohexyl of 1～20 alkyl, having carbonatoms and be the fluoro-alkyl cyclohexyl of 1～20 fluoro-alkyl and having carbonatoms is at least one group of selecting in the group that forms of the fluoroalkyl cyclohexyl of 1～20 fluoroalkyl.
8. liquid crystal aligning agent as claimed in claim 6, wherein has the structure of above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning energy by following formula (B-1) expression,
In formula (B-1), the integer that m is 0～4.
9. the liquid crystal aligning agent as described in claim 1～5 any one, it further contains at least one polymkeric substance of selecting in the group that [B] be made up of polyamic acid and polyimide.
10. the liquid crystal aligning agent as described in claim 1～5 any one, it further contains [C] and has the polyorganosiloxane compounds of the represented structural unit of following formula (2),
In formula (2), X bfor hydroxyl, halogen atom, the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1～20, alkoxyl group that carbonatoms is 1～6 or carbonatoms be 6～20 aryl, Y bfor hydroxyl or the carbonatoms alkoxyl group that is 1～10.
The formation method of 11. 1 kinds of liquid crystal orientation films, has:
(1) claim 8, claim 9 or liquid crystal aligning agent claimed in claim 10 are coated on substrate, form the operation of film, and
(2) at least a portion of film operation (1) being formed is irradiated the operation of radioactive rays.
12. 1 kinds of liquid crystal orientation films that formed by the liquid crystal aligning agent described in claim 1～10 any one.
13. 1 kinds possess the liquid crystal display device of the liquid crystal orientation film described in claim 12.
14. 1 kinds of polyorganosiloxane compounds, it has aniline structure.
15. polyorganosiloxane compounds as claimed in claim 14, wherein above-mentioned aniline structure is by the represented structure of following formula (A-3 '),
Formula (A-3 ') in, R 7and R 8the alkyl that is 1～16 for carbonatoms independently of one another, and, abovementioned alkyl in skeletal chain, can have Sauerstoffatom, sulphur atom, carbonyl, ester group or by the two or more groups that combine in them, the represented connecting key of * is connected with main chain or the side chain of organopolysiloxane skeleton.
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