CN103990547A - A complex refractory zinc oxide ore beneficiation process - Google Patents
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- CN103990547A CN103990547A CN201410189889.2A CN201410189889A CN103990547A CN 103990547 A CN103990547 A CN 103990547A CN 201410189889 A CN201410189889 A CN 201410189889A CN 103990547 A CN103990547 A CN 103990547A
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- zinc oxide
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- sulfide
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005456 ore beneficiation Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及到一种复杂难选氧化锌矿选矿工艺，属于矿物加工领域。 The invention relates to a complex refractory zinc oxide ore beneficiation process, which belongs to the field of mineral processing.
背景技术 Background technique
随着资源开发，易处理的硫化矿越来越少，大量的氧化矿因其品位低、性质极其复杂，一直得不到有效的利用，长期堆存或废弃，不仅浪费资源，而且占据土地、污染环境。如：云南兰坪铅锌矿虽已建成年产金属锌12万吨的湿法炼锌厂，能利用含锌品位l5%以上的矿石，但资源综合利用率远低于50%，目前已堆存有低品位氧化铅锌矿石达1200万吨，每年还以增加300万吨左右的速度继续堆存。 With the development of resources, there are fewer and fewer sulfide ores that are easy to handle. A large number of oxidized ores have not been effectively utilized due to their low grade and extremely complex properties. They have been stockpiled or abandoned for a long time, which not only wastes resources, but also occupies land polluted environment. For example, although the Yunnan Lanping Lead-Zinc Mine has built a hydro-process zinc smelting plant with an annual output of 120,000 tons of metal zinc, and can use ores with a zinc grade of more than 15%, the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is far lower than 50%. There are 12 million tons of low-grade lead-zinc oxide ores in stock, and the stockpiles continue to increase at an annual rate of about 3 million tons.
通常，氧化铅采用传统工艺就能获得较好的选别指标，而氧化锌却较难选。传统的氧化锌选矿工艺主要是“脱泥浮选”，虽然脱出矿泥（-10μm）能较彻底地排除矿泥对氧化锌浮选的干扰，但是脱泥的同时也脱掉了部分氧化锌矿物，造成氧化锌回收率低，并且脱泥常采用水力旋流器进行，存在受给矿浓度、压力大小、给矿大小波动的影响，导致脱泥不稳定、难以调节和控制、指标不稳定等诸多问题。 Generally, lead oxide can obtain better sorting index by traditional process, but zinc oxide is more difficult to sort. The traditional zinc oxide beneficiation process is mainly "de-sliming flotation". Although the desliming (-10μm) can completely eliminate the interference of the slime on the flotation of zinc oxide, but part of the zinc oxide is also removed during desliming. Minerals, resulting in a low recovery rate of zinc oxide, and desliming is often carried out by hydrocyclones, which are affected by fluctuations in feed concentration, pressure, and feed size, resulting in unstable desliming, difficult adjustment and control, and unstable indicators and many other issues.
基于传统的氧化锌浮选工艺的不足，迫切发明一种新工艺，既能提高回收率、又能使整个过程易于调节、控制和稳定。 Based on the shortcomings of the traditional zinc oxide flotation process, it is urgent to invent a new process, which can not only improve the recovery rate, but also make the whole process easy to adjust, control and stabilize.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对上述存在的不足，本发明提出一种复杂难选氧化锌矿选矿工艺，它能提高复杂难选氧化锌矿回收率，达到5~10%。 In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention proposes a complex and refractory zinc oxide ore dressing process, which can increase the recovery rate of complex and refractory zinc oxide ore to 5-10%.
本发明为复杂难选氧化锌矿选矿新工艺，其主要步骤和技术参数如下： The present invention is a new beneficiation process of complex refractory zinc oxide ore, and its main steps and technical parameters are as follows:
（1）将氧化铅锌矿进行碎矿、磨矿，磨矿细度控制在-0.074mm占75~90%范围，入选矿浆浓度为25~35%； (1) Crushing and grinding the lead-zinc oxide ore, the grinding fineness is controlled at -0.074mm, accounting for 75-90%, and the concentration of the selected ore pulp is 25-35%;
（2）磨矿产物顺序进入常规的硫化铅、硫化锌、氧化铅浮选作业，并加入传统常用的浮选药剂，分别产出硫化铅、硫化锌和氧化铅三个精矿产品； (2) The grinding products enter the conventional flotation operations of lead sulfide, zinc sulfide and lead oxide in sequence, and add traditional commonly used flotation reagents to produce three concentrate products of lead sulfide, zinc sulfide and lead oxide respectively;
（3）氧化铅浮选尾矿先进行浓缩脱水、同时也是有效脱除矿浆中难免离子Ca2+ 、Mg2+、 Pb2+ 和Fe3+的过程，并加入清水对沉砂产物进行调浆，矿浆浓度调节到25~35%，进入氧化锌浮选作业； (3) The lead oxide flotation tailings are first concentrated and dehydrated, which is also the process of effectively removing the unavoidable ions Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Pb 2+ and Fe 3+ in the pulp, and adding water to adjust the sedimentation products. pulp, the concentration of the pulp is adjusted to 25~35%, and it enters the zinc oxide flotation operation;
（4）氧化锌矿物浮选采用“一次粗选、两次精选、两次扫选”工艺选别，粗选作业添加碳酸钠1000~2000g/t、六偏磷酸钠200~300 g/t 、水玻璃300~500 g/t、硫化钠5000~7000 g/t、十八胺500~700 g/t和2#油50~80 g/t；第一次扫选作业I添加硫化钠800~1200 g/t和十八胺150~250 g/t；第二次扫选Ⅱ作业添加十八胺50~150 g/t，整个氧化锌浮选过程保持矿浆pH=11~12，产出氧化锌精矿产品。 (4) The flotation of zinc oxide minerals adopts the process of "one roughing, two beneficiation, and two sweeping" process, adding 1000~2000g/t of sodium carbonate and 200~300 g/t of sodium hexametaphosphate to the roughing operation , water glass 300~500 g/t, sodium sulfide 5000~7000 g/t, octadecylamine 500~700 g/t and 2# oil 50~80 g/t; the first sweeping operation I added sodium sulfide 800 ~1200 g/t and octadecylamine 150~250 g/t; the second sweep II operation added octadecylamine 50~150 g/t, the whole zinc oxide flotation process kept the slurry pH=11~12, and the output Zinc Oxide Concentrate Products.
对上面四种难免离子对氧化锌矿物可浮性影响机理表明，它们对氧化锌均有显著的抑制作用，氧化铅浮选尾矿经浓缩脱水、补加清水调浆后，Ca2+ 、Mg2+、 Pb2+ 和Fe3四种难免离子浓度约降低了3~4倍，大幅度地减轻了其对氧化锌的抑制作用，使上浮率提高。 The influence mechanism of the above four unavoidable ions on the floatability of zinc oxide minerals shows that they all have a significant inhibitory effect on zinc oxide. 2+ , Pb 2+ and Fe 3 four kinds of unavoidable ion concentrations are reduced by about 3~4 times, greatly reducing their inhibitory effect on zinc oxide and increasing the floating rate.
所述的氧化铅锌矿品位为：Pb 1.21-3.55%、Zn 6.04-7.78%，铅氧化率71.01-76.38%、锌氧化率70.14-77.13%。 The grade of the oxidized lead-zinc ore is: Pb 1.21-3.55%, Zn 6.04-7.78%, lead oxidation rate 71.01-76.38%, zinc oxidation rate 70.14-77.13%.
本发明中采用的2#油分为松醇油与化学油两种，广泛用于有色金属的浮选中的起泡剂，在全国各地的矿山中均有应有，是一种常规的起泡剂。本发明中出现的百分比例均为质量百分比。 The 2# oil that adopts in the present invention is divided into two kinds of terpineol oil and chemical oil, is widely used in the foaming agent in the flotation of non-ferrous metal, all has due in mines all over the country, is a kind of conventional foaming agent agent. The percentage examples appearing in the present invention are all mass percentages.
本发明的脱水浮锌工艺与传统的脱泥浮锌工艺相比，具有整个工艺过程易于调节、控制和稳定，氧化锌矿物回收率提高5～10%的优点，提高了矿产资源综合利用率。 Compared with the traditional desliming and floating zinc process, the dehydration and floating zinc process of the present invention has the advantages that the whole process is easy to adjust, control and stabilize, the recovery rate of zinc oxide minerals is increased by 5-10%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of mineral resources is improved.
四、附图说明4. Description of drawings
图1是本发明工艺流程示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.
五、具体实施方式5. Specific implementation
实施例一： Embodiment one:
云南某氧化铅锌矿Pb 1.21%、Zn 7.78%，铅氧化率71.01%、锌氧化率70.14%，按图1所示的工艺流程选别。磨矿细度-0.074mm占85%，磨矿产物顺序进入常规的硫化铅、硫化锌、氧化铅浮选作业，并加入传统常用的浮选药剂，分别产出硫化铅、硫化锌、氧化铅三个精矿产品。氧化铅浮选尾矿先进行浓缩脱水、往沉砂中加入清水进行调浆、矿浆浓度调节到27%，进入氧化锌浮选作业、并加入常规的浮选药剂进行选别。 A lead-zinc oxide mine in Yunnan has Pb 1.21%, Zn 7.78%, lead oxidation rate 71.01%, zinc oxidation rate 70.14%, and sorted according to the process shown in Figure 1. Grinding fineness -0.074mm accounts for 85%. Grinding products enter the conventional flotation operation of lead sulfide, zinc sulfide, and lead oxide in sequence, and add traditional commonly used flotation agents to produce lead sulfide, zinc sulfide, and lead oxide respectively. Three concentrate products. The lead oxide flotation tailings are first concentrated and dehydrated, and clear water is added to the grit for slurry adjustment. The slurry concentration is adjusted to 27%, and then enters the zinc oxide flotation operation, and conventional flotation agents are added for separation.
原矿经图1所示的工艺流程选别后，其中获得硫化锌精矿Zn48.12%、回收率26.37%，氧化锌精矿Zn 31.58%、回收率61.09%，总锌精矿Zn 35.24%、总锌回收率87.46%。 After the raw ore is sorted through the technological process shown in Figure 1, zinc sulfide concentrate Zn 48.12%, recovery rate 26.37%, zinc oxide concentrate Zn 31.58%, recovery rate 61.09%, total zinc concentrate Zn 35.24%, The total zinc recovery rate is 87.46%.
实施例二： Embodiment two:
云南某氧化铅锌矿Pb 3.55%、Zn 6.40%，铅氧化率76.38%、锌氧化率77.13%，按图1所示的工艺流程选别。磨矿细度-0.074mm占80%，磨矿产物顺序进入常规的硫化铅、硫化锌、氧化铅浮选作业，并加入传统常用的浮选药剂，分别产出硫化铅、硫化锌、氧化铅三个精矿产品。氧化铅浮选尾矿先进行浓缩脱水、往沉砂中加入清水进行调浆、矿浆浓度调节到25%，进入氧化锌浮选作业、并加入常规的浮选药剂进行选别。 A lead-zinc oxide mine in Yunnan has Pb 3.55%, Zn 6.40%, lead oxidation rate 76.38%, zinc oxidation rate 77.13%, and sorted according to the process shown in Figure 1. Grinding fineness -0.074mm accounts for 80%. Grinding products enter the conventional flotation operation of lead sulfide, zinc sulfide and lead oxide in sequence, and add traditional commonly used flotation reagents to produce lead sulfide, zinc sulfide and lead oxide respectively Three concentrate products. The lead oxide flotation tailings are concentrated and dehydrated first, and clear water is added to the grit for slurry adjustment. The slurry concentration is adjusted to 25%, and then it enters the zinc oxide flotation operation, and conventional flotation agents are added for separation.
原矿经图1所示的工艺流程选别后，其中获得硫化锌精矿Zn54.10%、回收率20.23%，氧化锌精矿Zn 29.41%、回收率61.85%，总锌精矿Zn32.16%、总锌回收率82.08%。 After the raw ore is sorted through the technological process shown in Figure 1, zinc sulfide concentrate Zn54.10%, recovery rate 20.23%, zinc oxide concentrate Zn29.41%, recovery rate 61.85%, and total zinc concentrate Zn32.16% are obtained. , The total zinc recovery rate is 82.08%.
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| CN105935631A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-09-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Efficient desliming method for low-grade argillaceous zinc oxide ores |
| CN106733220A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-31 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of zinc oxide ore slurry bubble sorts ore-dressing technique |
| CN107899751A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-13 | 石全能 | The beneficiation method of high mud lead-zinc |
| CN108787179A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-13 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The system for handling Pb-Zn deposits |
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| CN109013049A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-18 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The method for handling Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN109046790A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2018-12-21 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | A kind of method for floating of dolomite and calcite type sulfidation-oxidation Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN109158220A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-08 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of method for floating carrying out Pb-Zn deposits using inhibitor |
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| CN105935631A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-09-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Efficient desliming method for low-grade argillaceous zinc oxide ores |
| CN106733220A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-31 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of zinc oxide ore slurry bubble sorts ore-dressing technique |
| CN106733220B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-10-23 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of zinc oxide ore slurry bubble sorting ore-dressing technique |
| CN107899751A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-13 | 石全能 | The beneficiation method of high mud lead-zinc |
| CN108889453A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-27 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of combination medicament and its application method for zinc-containing ores flotation |
| CN108787179A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-13 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The system for handling Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN109013049A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-18 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The method for handling Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN109158220A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-08 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of method for floating carrying out Pb-Zn deposits using inhibitor |
| CN109290067A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 和顺倡 | A kind of zinc oxide method for floating of No severing mud |
| CN109046790A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2018-12-21 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | A kind of method for floating of dolomite and calcite type sulfidation-oxidation Pb-Zn deposits |
| CN114054200A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Zinc oxide flotation recovery method based on heavy flotation combined with pre-desliming |
| CN114054200B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-09-02 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Zinc oxide flotation recovery method based on heavy flotation combined with pre-desliming |
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