CN103989686A - 一种预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物,含有雷公藤红素和药学上可接受的载体。所述药物价格低廉、毒副作用相对较小、适用于各种剂型、具有明显的抗动脉粥样硬化作用,能降低血LDL水平、降低斑块内VEGF的表达。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种药物,具体涉及一种预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物。
背景技术
脑血管病致死和致残率高,幸存者又容易再发,目前脑血管病发病率和死亡率正呈快速地上升,随着人口的老龄化,卒中问题将日益严重,如果不采取及时有效的干预措施,将会给社会和经济带来沉重的负担。随着经济水平的快速发展及人们生活方式的改变,以动脉粥样硬化(Atherosclerosis,AS)为基础的缺血性脑卒中发病率正在快速增长,其中颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与缺血性卒中发生、再发有着密切的关系。随着近年来对AS的研究深入,越来越多的证据表明,大多数引起缺血性事件的病变不是位于血管的最狭窄处,而是因为动脉粥样斑块破裂或裂隙伴随血栓形成造成的血管堵塞所致。因此,动脉粥样硬化的生物学特征——斑块易损性的研究,引起广泛的关注。深入研究颈动脉易损斑块的发生机制、诊断技术和防治措施,对延缓、遏制我国脑血管病发病率和死亡率有着重要的意义。
现代西医中针对易损斑块治疗的药物主要有他汀类药物、抗血小板药物(氯吡格雷)。他汀稳定易损斑块的作用主要是通过降低LDL-C、提高HDL-C、降低甘油三酯,并通过降低斑块氧化脂蛋白水平等途径来稳定易损斑块;氯吡格雷主要通过抑制血小板的活化,抑制血小板作为“炎症细胞”而释放的一些炎症介质,从而达到抑制斑块的进展、抑制斑块破裂继发血栓形成来稳定斑块。这两种药物在稳定斑块方面的作用虽然得到了世界性公认,但这两类药物各自作用靶点有限,且存在的副作用也不能忽视。他汀类药物主要副作用有肝功能受损、横纹肌溶解等;氯吡格雷主要的副作用有全身各处出血,严重时可能出现颅内大出血、消化道大出血危及生命。并且由于这两类药物价格较贵,对于我国来说百姓来说经济负担较重,所以研究作用于多环节、多靶点的全面充分、持久稳定和价格低廉的药物迫在眉睫。我国传统中药药性温和、安全稳定、价格低廉,从中药方面研究稳定斑块药物对于我国来说势必是一条新的道路。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,解决上述现有技术的不足,提供一种能用于预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物,含有雷公藤红素和药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一个目的是,将雷公藤红素用于制备预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物。
本发明所述雷公藤红素(Tripterine)又名南蛇滕素(Celastrol),是从雷公藤中提取的三萜类单体成分。
本发明的优点是:本发明所述药物价格低廉、毒副作用相对较小、适用于各种剂型、具有明显的抗动脉粥样硬化作用,能降低血LDL水平、降低斑块内VEGF的表达。
具体实施方式
实施例1:雷公藤红素处理组给予雷公藤红素(以高浓度溶于DMSO中)1mg/kg/d灌胃,即该组动物每天所使用的药物中,雷公藤红素提纯物的含量为1mg/kg,该提纯物的纯度在98%以上。
1.建立兔颈动脉粥样硬化斑块模型实验动物:雄性日本大耳白兔40只,体重2.3-3.0kg,4个月龄,随机分为假手术组(n=10)、模型组(n=10)、雷公藤红素处理组(1mg/kg/d、n=10)、阿托伐他汀处理组(2.5mg/kg/d、n=10)。方法:所用动物均给予高脂饲料喂养(2%胆固醇+6%花生+92%普通颗粒饲料加工配制)1周后实施颈动脉内膜气体干燥术,术后继续高脂饲料喂养,假手术组除不进行气流内皮干燥外,其余步骤均与其它两组相同。模型制作:实验动物术前12h禁食,不禁水。在严格无菌条件下,动物经速眠新注射液(0.2ml/kg)肌肉麻醉,颈部脱毛清洁消毒后,作颈正中切皮,于甲状软骨上方水平分离右侧颈总动脉,长约2.5cm(如发现颈动脉小分支,则予以单线结扎),两端以动脉夹阻断血流,4.5号头皮尽可能平行于血管纵轴方向穿刺进入阻断血管的两端,生理盐水冲起置换出官腔内的血液后,接上已调节好流量为250ml/min的气流,历时5min,造成内皮干燥,然后官腔内重新充满生理盐水,放开临时动脉夹恢复血流。湿润棉片轻轻压迫穿刺点3-5min止血。庆大霉素滴于手术野中,缝合皮肤创口并包扎。术后肌注庆大霉素预防感染。于术后雷公藤红素处理组给予雷公藤红素(以高浓度溶于DMSO中)1mg/kg/d灌胃;阿托伐他汀处理组给予阿托伐他汀2.5mg/kg/d灌胃;对照组给予相当剂量的DMSO灌胃。于术后第12周处死所有动物。所有动物均单笼喂饲,饮水不限,自由摄食,每只每天进食120g饲料。2.检测方法:斑块病理学检查:①大体形态观察:动物固定后取出颈动脉全长,肉眼观察,然后纵行剖开,生理盐水洗干净后,观察斑块破裂和血栓形成情况,测量血栓全长和横截面积。②组织病理学检查:切取颈动脉,4%甲醛固定24h后行常规石蜡切片,切片厚度5um,进行HE染色,在光镜下观察血管壁AS病变的组织学形态。应用图像处理软件作形态学分析,测量动脉壁横切面积、粥样斑块面积,计算粥样斑块面积与动脉壁横切面积之比;应用镜下测微尺测量病变部位斑块的脂质池大小、纤维帽厚度、浸润的炎性细胞多少;每个样本测量3次,取平均值。③血液标记物检测:各实验动物到达设计时间点后于清晨空腹取血。检测血脂、血糖。④ELISA法检测炎症因子:按照说明书步骤ELISA法检测血清中MMP-9、CRP的表达。⑤免疫组织化学检测:检测斑块内VEGF。各组间两两比较采用方差分析后的LSD法。
结果:四组动物在初始甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high densithlipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low densithlipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、CRP、MMP-9等的差别均无统计学意义。与假手术组相比,模型组有较典型的动脉粥样硬化病变,其血甘油三酯、总胆固醇、HDL-C、LDL-C水平上均高于假手术组。与模型组相比,雷公藤红素能干预兔颈动脉斑块的形成(比较斑块面积与颈动脉横截面积的比值,P<0.001),并与阿托伐他汀组相比差异无统计学意义(P=0.109)。同时,与模型组相比,雷公藤红素也降低血清LDL水平(P=0.014),并与阿托伐他汀组相比差异亦无统计学意义(P=0.578)。另外,与模型组相比,雷公藤红素显著减少斑块内VEGF的表达(P=0.013),而阿托伐他汀组的斑块内VEGF的表达与模型组相比差异无统计学意义(P=0.554)。
Claims (2)
1.一种预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物,含有雷公藤红素和药学上可接受的载体。
2.雷公藤红素用于制备预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物。
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CN101311187A (zh) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-26 | 烟台靶点药物研究有限公司 | 一种雷公藤红素衍生物及其制备方法与用途 |
CN103059094A (zh) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-24 | 湖北民族学院 | 一种提取雷公藤红素的方法 |
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CN106727599A (zh) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 张登海 | 一种淋巴细胞抗原96蛋白活化的阻断剂及其用途 |
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