CN103987128B - A kind of accidental access method and base station based on single carrier TDMA - Google Patents
A kind of accidental access method and base station based on single carrier TDMA Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA and a kind of base station, method therein is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways carry out networking, the physical layer frame of methods described includes TDD radio frames, the length of the TDD radio frames is 10ms, the TDD radio frames include 10 time slots, continuous 4 TDD radio frames form a multi-frame, wherein, respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, the control channel includes preceding 2 time slots and rear 8 time slots of each TDD radio frames：BCCH channel of broadcast control, RACH RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, PCH PCH, DCCH DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH；The RACH time slots include multiple RACH sub-slots；The embodiment of the present application can shorten access delay, improve access capacity, access rate and transmission rate.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to time division multiple acess（TDMA, time division multiple access）Technical field, particularly
It is related to a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA and a kind of base station.
Background technology
Random access procedure is a significant process in wireless telecommunication system, is the important ring during wireless access
Section, in the TDMA system of one of 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system), random access procedure is even more to include important uplink synchronous
Process.TDMA system is the technology based on time division duplex, and the system uses the different time-gap in same frequency channel to receive and pass
Send data.
Applied to global mobile communication（GSM, Global System of Mobile communication）System
When, TDMA system is to carry out Stochastic accessing according to gsm protocol.But each RACH in gsm protocol（RACH,
Random Access Channel）It can only ensure that a terminal initiates Stochastic accessing success；Also, for single terminal,
The transmission opportunity of channel request message sequence is not arbitrary, it is necessary in CCCH（CCCH, Common Control
Channel）Sent at the time of corresponding to block, and the CCCH blocks are its affiliated paging groups（PAGING GROUP）Corresponding
CCCH, in general, PAGING GROUP quantity is 10 or so in a GSM cell, so for single terminal,
It averagely needs to wait the time of 10 GSM TDMA frames could initiate Stochastic accessing, namely single terminal needs to spend at present
46.15ms time completes Stochastic accessing.
To sum up, the random access scheme for being currently based on TDMA has the shortcomings that access delay is long.Also, it can only be protected simultaneously
One terminal access of card.In addition, what it used is all GSM narrow band signals（Single carrier frequency bandwidth is 200k）, therefore with access speed
The shortcomings that rate is low low with transmission rate.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present application technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA
With a kind of base station, access delay can be shortened, improve access capacity, access rate and transmission rate.
In order to solve the above problems, this application discloses a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA, the side
Method is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways and carries out networking, and the physical layer frame of methods described includes TDD radio frames, the TDD without
The length of line frame is 10ms, and the TDD radio frames include 10 time slots, and continuous 4 TDD radio frames form one again
Frame, wherein, preceding 2 time slots and rear 8 time slots of each TDD radio frames are held respectively as control channel and Traffic Channel
Carry, the control channel includes：BCCH channel of broadcast control, RACH RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, paging letter
Road PCH, DCCH DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH；The RACH time slots include multiple RACH sub-slots；
Methods described includes：
In the BCCH time slots of each multiframe period, broadcast BC CH message；Wherein, the BCCH message includes frame number and is
System information, the system information carry random access parameter, and the random access parameter includes random number term of reference value, institute
It is corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots to state random number term of reference value；
The channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slots, and the time point reached according to the channel request message
And the difference of the start time point of the BCCH time slots, calculate the Timing Advance of the terminal；
AGCH message is broadcasted in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used to make response to the channel request message,
Mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributed and the up-downgoing for the terminal for allowing access are carried in the AGCH message
Direction.
Preferably, it is described according to the time point that the channel request message reaches and the start time point of the BCCH time slots
Difference, the step of calculating the Timing Advance of the terminal, including：
The time point that the channel request message is reached and the subtractive of the start time point of the BCCH time slots remove BCCH
The length of time slot is directed to the length modulus of the RACH sub-slots again, obtains backhaul time delay；
Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as the terminal.
Preferably, the random access parameter also includes one or more in following parameter：Base station identifier, up hair
Penetrate after performance number, maximum repetition access request number, time-out and forbid access duration, traffic scheduling cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuration
Situation.
Preferably, the length of the RACH time slots is 1.6ms, and the RACH time slots include 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
Preferably, methods described also includes：Before the BCCH message is broadcasted, the covering half according to the WLAN
Footpath sets the modulation rate of the BCCH message.
On the other hand, disclosed herein as well is a kind of base station, the base station is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways are carried out
Networking, the physical layer frame of the base station include TDD radio frames, and the length of the TDD radio frames is 10ms, the TDD radio frames
Including 10 time slots, continuous 4 TDD radio frames form a multi-frame, wherein, first 2 of each TDD radio frames
Respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, the control channel includes for time slot and rear 8 time slots：BCCH
BCCH, RACH RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, PCH PCH, DCCH DCCH and frequency correction
Channel FCCH；The RACH time slots include multiple RACH sub-slots；
The base station includes：
First broadcast module, in the BCCH time slots of each multiframe period, broadcast BC CH message；Wherein, it is described
BCCH message includes frame number and system information, and the system information carries random access parameter, the random access parameter bag
Random number term of reference value is included, the random number term of reference value is corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；
Timing Advance computing module, for the channel request message of the receiving terminal in RACH time slots, and according to described
At the time point and the difference of the start time point of the BCCH time slots that channel request message reaches, calculate the time advance of the terminal
Amount；And
Second broadcast module, for broadcasting AGCH message in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used for the channel
Request message makes response, and the mark of terminal that allows access, Timing Advance are carried in the AGCH message, is distributed
Time-gap number and up-downlink direction.
Preferably, the Timing Advance computing module includes：
First calculating sub module, for the time point for reaching the channel request message and the starting of the BCCH time slots
The subtractive at time point goes the length of BCCH time slots to be directed to the length modulus of the RACH sub-slots again, obtains backhaul time delay；And
Second calculating sub module, for the Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as the terminal.
Preferably, the random access parameter also includes one or more in following parameter：Base station identifier, up hair
Penetrate after performance number, maximum repetition access request number, time-out and forbid access duration, traffic scheduling cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuration
Situation.
Preferably, the length of the RACH time slots is 1.6ms, and the RACH time slots include 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
Preferably, the base station also includes：For before the BCCH message is broadcasted, according to covering for the WLAN
Lid radius sets the setup module of the modulation rate of the BCCH message.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present application includes advantages below：
In the embodiment of the present application, for single terminal, it can lead in the RACH time slots in each multiframe period
Cross broadcast channel request message initiating random access procedure, that is, single terminal only need spend 40ms time can complete with
Machine accesses, and actual compared with the 46.15ms of existing gsm protocol Stochastic accessing, it is random that the embodiment of the present application can propose reduction
The time delay of access；
Also, RACH time slots are further divided into multiple RACH sub-slots by the embodiment of the present application, for single terminal
Speech, it can initiate to connect at random in any RACHRACH sub-slots in each multiframe period by broadcast channel request message
Enter process, it is assumed that the quantity of RACH sub-slots is M, then the embodiment of the present application can support that the user capacity of Stochastic accessing is simultaneously
M, therefore only allow a terminal to access simultaneously relative to existing gsm protocol, it is random that the embodiment of the present application can also improve support
The user capacity of access；
In addition, the embodiment of the present application is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways carry out networking, in actual applications, the list
The physical layer of carrier wave can follow the agreement of WLAN or 4G LTE PHY, and due to 802.11a,
The protocol bandwidth of the agreement of the WLANs such as 802.11b, 802.11c and 4G LTE physical layer is mostly on 20M, therefore phase
For the carrier frequency bandwidth of 200k used in existing GSM narrow band signals, the embodiment of the present application can also greatly improve access rate
And transmission rate；
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application has that networking is very fast, access delay is shorter, supports that voice and video real-time Transmission etc. is excellent
Gesture, it disclosure satisfy that some communication scenes strict to the requirement such as real-time and networking time delay.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart of the accidental access method embodiment based on single carrier TDMA of the application;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of TDD radio frames of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the mapping relations of a kind of logic channel of the embodiment of the present application and time slot；
Fig. 4 is a kind of format sample of channel request message of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 5 is a kind of format sample of AGCH message of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is a kind of step flow chart using example of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA of the application；
Fig. 7 is a kind of structured flowchart of base station embodiment of the application.
Embodiment
It is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real to enable the above-mentioned purpose of the application, feature and advantage more obvious understandable
Mode is applied to be described in further detail the application.
The present inventors have noted that the wireless LAN communication system using single carrier（Such as WiFi）No doubt can reach
Higher bandwidth（Up to tens to up to a hundred million）, but its access way based on carrier sense（CSMA, Carrier Sense
Multiple Access）Networking time delay is larger, therefore can not meet the requirement of real-time of mobile communication.
One of core idea of the embodiment of the present application is, networking is carried out based on single carrier and TDMA access ways, described
Networking can be by gsm communication system and wireless LAN communication system（Such as WiFi）Dominant Facies combine, quick group can be reached
Net, the advantages such as voice and video real-time Transmission are supported, meet some communication fields strict to the requirement such as real-time and networking time delay
The application scenarios such as scape, such as battlefield communication, the small base station of broadband home.
In the accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA of the embodiment of the present application, downlink（Forward link）With it is up
Link（Reverse link）Information be to be transmitted on the different time-gap of same carrier frequency；Also, due to accidental access method
It is based on single carrier, therefore involved basic physical channel characteristics determine by time slot.Other the embodiment of the present application agreement, nothing
Line mobile terminal is referred to herein simply as terminal（UE, User Equipment）, center principal communication node is referred to as base station（BS,
Base Station）.
Reference picture 1, show a kind of step flow of the accidental access method embodiment based on single carrier TDMA of the application
Figure, methods described is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways carry out networking, when the physical layer frame of methods described can specifically include
Divide duplex（TDD, Time Division Duplexing）Radio frames, the length of the TDD radio frames are 10ms, the TDD without
Line frame can specifically include 10 time slots, and continuous 4 TDD radio frames form a multi-frame, wherein, each TDD
For preceding 2 time slots and rear 8 time slots of radio frames respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, the control channel is specific
It can include：BCCH（BCCH, Broadcast Control Channel）, RACH（RACH,
Random Access Channel）, Access granted Channel AGCH（AGCH, Access Grant Channel）, PCH（PCH,
Paging Channel）, DCCH（DCCH, Dedicated Control CHannel）And frequency correction channel
（FCCH, Frequency Correction Channel）；The RACH time slots can specifically include multiple RACH sub-slots；
Methods described specifically may include steps of：
Step 101, in the BCCH time slots of each multiframe period, broadcast BC CH message；Wherein, the BCCH message is specific
Frame number and system information can be included, the system information carries random access parameter, and the random access parameter specifically may be used
So that including random number term of reference value, the random number term of reference value is corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；
Step 102, in RACH time slots receiving terminal channel request message, and according to the channel request message reach
Time point and the BCCH time slots start time point difference, calculate the Timing Advance of the terminal；
Step 103, AGCH message is broadcasted in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used to make the channel request message
Go out response, carried in the AGCH message mark of terminal for allowing access, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributed and
Up-downlink direction.
In the embodiment of the present application, for single terminal, it can lead in the RACH time slots in each multiframe period
Cross broadcast channel request message initiating random access procedure, that is, single terminal only need spend 40ms time can complete with
Machine accesses, and actual compared with the 46.15ms of existing gsm protocol Stochastic accessing, it is random that the embodiment of the present application can propose reduction
The time delay of access；
Also, RACH time slots are further divided into multiple RACH sub-slots by the embodiment of the present application, for single terminal
Speech, it can initiate Stochastic accessing mistake in any RACH sub-slots in each multiframe period by broadcast channel request message
Journey, it is assumed that the quantity of RACH sub-slots is M, then the embodiment of the present application can support that the user capacity of Stochastic accessing is M simultaneously, because
This only allows a terminal to access simultaneously relative to existing gsm protocol, and the embodiment of the present application can also improve support Stochastic accessing
User capacity；
In addition, the embodiment of the present application is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways carry out networking, in actual applications, the list
The physical layer of carrier wave can follow the agreement of WLAN or 4G LTE PHY, and due to 802.11a,
The protocol bandwidth of the agreement of the WLANs such as 802.11b, 802.11c and 4G LTE physical layer is mostly on 20M, therefore phase
For the carrier frequency bandwidth of 200k used in existing GSM narrow band signals, the embodiment of the present application can also greatly improve access rate
And transmission rate；
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application has that networking is very fast, access delay is shorter, supports that voice and video real-time Transmission etc. is excellent
Gesture, it disclosure satisfy that some communication scenes strict to the requirement such as real-time and networking time delay.
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand the embodiment of the present application, the structure of TDD radio frames described herein in detail.
Reference picture 2, show a kind of structural representation of TDD radio frames of the embodiment of the present application, the length of the TDD radio frames
Spend for 10ms, there are 10 time slots (slot) in each TDD radio frames, continuous 4 frames form a multi-frame (multiframe), even
Continuous 16384 multi-frames form a superframe (superframe).
Reference picture 3, the schematic diagram of the mapping relations of a kind of logic channel of the embodiment of the present application and time slot is shown, wherein patrolling
The cycle period of volume channel is 40ms, i.e., the duration of one multi-frame.Control channel is distributed to per the first two time slot of frame, then 8
Individual time slot distributes to Traffic Channel.The dispatching cycle of Traffic Channel in Fig. 2（The hereinafter referred to as traffic scheduling cycle）For a multi-frame,
It is to be understood that the traffic scheduling cycle can be set to 1/2 multi-frame by base station according to current telephone traffic and type of service（I.e. 2
Speed）With 1/4 multi-frame（That is 4 speeds）Deng, and the traffic scheduling cycle can be arranged on to the system message of BCCH channels
（System Information）In content.
Except BCCH is corresponded to, time slot is 0.4ms and RACH is corresponded in addition to time slot is 1.6ms, and the time slot corresponding to remaining channel is equal
For 1ms.
All logic channels involved by TDD radio frames can specifically include：
1、BCCH；
BCCH is descending transmission channel, and for transmitting BCCH message, the BCCH message can specifically include frame number
（Frame Num）And system information, the system information carry random access parameter, the random access parameter specifically can be with
Including：Random number term of reference value, the random number term of reference value are corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；It is described random
Number term of reference value is the foundation on the transmission opportunity that end side determines channel request message.
In actual applications, can be BCCH distribution when a length of 0.4ms it is shorter when gap, certainly, 0.4ms be intended only as should
With example, and the application limitation of the embodiment of the present application is not understood to, that is, other slot lengths are also feasible, such as
0.6ms。
Assuming that RA Ref_Num represent the random number term of reference value, then terminal can be randomly in { 0,1 ..., RA
Ref_Num } in choose a numerical value, it is assumed that the value of selection is N, also, terminal can receive the 400+N of BCCH message ×
After 100 microseconds, a channel request message is sent to base station.
In one kind application example of the application, the form of the BCCH message can specifically include：Frame controls（Frame
Control）, the duration（Duration ID）, frame number（Frame Num）, system information（System Information）With
Frame Check Sequence（FCS）Etc. field, the length of the field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 4 bytes；Wherein
Frame Control fields further comprise Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=BCCH, To DS, From
The fields such as DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order.
Reference table 1, the format sample of the random access parameter carried in a kind of BCCH message of the embodiment of the present application is shown,
It can also include in addition to above-mentioned random number term of reference value：Base station identifier BS ID, uplink transmission power value RA
Access duration T_wait, business is forbidden to adjust after Power Level, maximum repetition access request number MaxRetrans, time-out
Spend cycle Rate_Type and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition etc..
Table 1
2、RACH；
RACH is uplink transport channel, and the application that proposes to network at random for terminal is with request one Traffic Channel of distribution.
In practice, when terminal has business demand, for example, to base station login, have transmitting uplink data or have downlink data arrival when, eventually
End needs initiating random access procedure first, and the application that networks is proposed to base station；Specifically, terminal can use broadcast mode to send
One channel request message（RACH message）To base station, transmission power meets RA Power Level parameter settings；Channel request
The base station identifier that apply for access and the identifier of terminal itself can be carried in message.
In actual applications, can be that RACH distributes longer time slot in order to ensure the user capacity accessed simultaneously（Such as
1.6ms）；And it is possible to RACH is corresponded into time slot is further divided into multiple isometric RACH sub-slots, the RACH sub-slots
Quantity can be 4,8,16 etc., wherein, the RACH sub-slots quantity be 16 when, each RACH sub-slots are a length of
0.1ms, 16 terminals can be supported while accessed.Certainly, above-mentioned 1.6ms is intended only as an example, it will be understood that in user
When the demand of capacity is smaller, or RACH distributes other time slots, and such as 1ms, 0.8ms etc., the embodiment of the present application is to specific
The length of RACH time slots be not any limitation as.
Reference picture 4, a kind of format sample of channel request message of the embodiment of the present application is shown, can specifically be included：Frame
Control（Frame Control）, the duration（Duration ID）, base station identifier（BSID）, terminal identifier（UE ID）、
Retain（Reserved）And Frame Check Sequence（FCS）Etc. field, the length of the field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 2
Byte, 3 bytes and 4 bytes；Frame Control fields therein further comprise Protocol, Type Control, Sub
Type=RACH、To DS、From DS、More Frag、Retry、Power Management、More Data、Protected
The fields such as Frame and Order；Here reserved field is to keep pair of two kinds of message sequences of BCCH message and RACH message
Title property.
It should be noted that the form of channel request message is fairly simple in the embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to comprising applying
The base station identifier and terminal of the access identifier of itself.
3、AGCH；
AGCH is descending transmission channel, and its AGCH message carried is used to make response to the channel request message, institute
The mark of terminal for allowing access, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributed and up and down can be carried by stating in AGCH message
Line direction.
Reference picture 5, a kind of format sample of AGCH message of the embodiment of the present application is shown, can specifically be included：Frame controls
（Frame Control）, the duration（Duration ID）, base station identifier（BS ID）, AGCH carrying（AGCH Pay
Load）And Frame Check Sequence（FCS）Etc. field, the length of the field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 0-1024 bytes
With 4 bytes；Frame Control fields therein further comprise Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=AGCH,
To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and
The fields such as Order；Duration represents AGCH Pay Load length；Also, in AGCH Pay Load forms, for every
Individual UE specifies the information such as Timing Advance TA, the time-gap number distributed and up-downlink direction in detail.
With reference to table 2, show that the AGCH Pay Load carried in a kind of AGCH message of the embodiment of the present application form shows
Example, it can specifically include UE and identify（UE ID）, Timing Advance TA（Time Advanced）, distribution end of identification
（Flag）, link direction（Direction）, TDMA frame number（MulFrame_Num）, timeslot number（Slot_Num）And filler
（Padding）Etc..
Table 2
4、PCH；
PCH is descending transmission channel, and for transmitting the information of base station calling terminal, the mode of generally use point-to-multipoint passes
Broadcast.
In one kind application example of the application, the form of the PCH message can specifically include：Frame controls（Frame
Control）, the duration（Duration ID）, base station identifier（BS ID）, PCH carrying（PCH Pay Load）With frame school
Test sequence（FCS）Etc. field, the length of the field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 0-1024 bytes and 4 bytes；Its
In Frame Control fields further comprise Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=PCH, To DS, From
The fields such as DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order；This
In Duration represent PCH Pay Load length；It is also, detailed for each UE in PCH Pay Load forms
Specify the information such as paging type.
Reference table 3, the PCH Pay Load carried in a kind of PCH message of the embodiment of the present application format sample is shown,
It can specifically include UE and identify（UE ID）, paging end of identification（Flag）, paging type（Direction）, retain
（Reserved）And filler（Padding）Etc..
Table 3
5、DCCH；
The DCCH of the embodiment of the present application can specifically include Separate Dedicated Control Channel（SDCCH, Stand-Alone
Dedicated Control Channel）Secondary control channel at a slow speed（SACCH, SlowAssociated Control
Channel）；It is appreciated that those skilled in the art can use various DCCH message format according to the actual requirements,
The embodiment of the present application is not any limitation as to specific DCCH message format.
6、FCCH、
FCCH is descending transmission channel, the information available for transmission for end correction its working frequency, terminal need not pair
FCCH information, which carries out decoding, can complete frequency correction.
In one kind application example of the application, the form of the FCCH message can specifically include：Frame controls（Frame
Control）, the duration（Duration ID）, base station identifier（BS ID）, FCCH carrying（FCCH Pay Load）And frame
Verification sequence（FCS）Etc. field, the length of the field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 500 bytes and 4 bytes；Wherein
Frame Control fields further comprise Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=FCCH, To DS, From
The fields such as DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order；This
In FCCH Pay Load length be fixed as 500 bytes, and be set to 0 entirely, i.e., the signal that base station radiates in FCCH time slots is one
Pure sine wave, therefore terminal can be facilitated to carry out frequency point scanning.
7、TCH。
TCH is bi-directional transmission channel, is mainly used to transmit the business number of the paging type such as digital voice, data or video
According to, namely TCH time interval resources are the resources that base station is distributed for the channel request message of terminal, are communicatively coupled in terminal
During, the TCH time interval resources are exclusively taken after sign off, are again withdrawn the TCH time interval resources by base station.
In one kind application example of the application, the form of the TCH message can specifically include：Frame controls（Frame
Control）, the duration（Duration ID）, base station identifier（BS ID）, TCH carrying（TCH Pay Load）With frame school
Test sequence（FCS）Etc. field, the length of the field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 0-1000 bytes and 2 bytes；Its
In Frame Control fields further comprise Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=TCH, To DS, From
The fields such as DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order；This
In TCH Pay Load may be configured as being no more than 1000 bytes.
It should be noted that for TDMA system, time synchronized is obtained between each communication node in one side system
All there is a certain error scope, there is by mistake in terms of respective clock consistency in each communication node in another aspect system
Difference；Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can set protection interval in the place that each time slot starts or terminated, prevent two it is adjacent logical
Letter node clashes.In general, will not arrange to carry out any transmitting-receiving in protection interval.In the specific implementation, except
The time slot corresponding to other channels outside BCCH and RACH channels before and after signal transmits when that can set size respectively as 50us
Between protection interval.
In one kind application example of the application, it is assumed that employ 802.11a physical layer, setting bit rate is
24Mbps, then the size of data that can be transmitted in 900us is：
Therefore, each channel massage length is arranged to below 1100 bytes, can ensures pass in specified time slot
It is totally lost complete, interference will not be produced to other time slots.
The random access procedure being related at this to embodiment one describes in detail,.
In wireless communication protocol, Stochastic accessing is usually the key of multi-user's networking success or failure, particularly, for TDMA systems
For system, one important purpose of terminal initiating random access procedure is that request base station measurement obtains the Timing Advance of its own
TA, then by base station by the AGCH channel notifications terminal, so that terminal obtains time synchronized, namely time synchronized with base station
It is vital factor in TDMA system.
When a terminal is just started shooting or initially entered in the cellular cell that can be covered by base station, can be searched first by frequency spectrum
Rope obtains frequency used in the base station, and the frequency of itself is adjusted into consistent with base station.Then start periodically to receive
And the BCCH message of decoding base station.Also, when terminal has business demand, for example, to base station login, have transmitting uplink data or
When having downlink data arrival, physical channel (this Shen can be applied for base station by channel request message initiating random access procedure
Please in embodiment physical channel refer in particular to time slot), namely initiated TDMA random access procedure.
Assuming that the length of BCCH time slots is 400us, then, base station can be in the starting of the BCCH time slots in step 101
Between put broadcast BC CH message；The BCCH message can specifically include frame number and system information, the system information carry with
Machine access parameter, the random access parameter can specifically include random number term of reference value, the random number term of reference value
It is corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；Assuming that the quantity of the RACH sub-slots is 16, then RA Ref_Num=15.
For terminal, it is after being successfully decoded to obtain the BCCH message of base station broadcast, when can start local immediately
Clock, and a numerical value is randomly chosen in { 0,1 ..., 15 }, it is assumed that the value of selection is N, then terminal can be in 400+N × 100
After microsecond, broadcast a channel request message, can carry in the channel request message application access base station identifier and
The identifier of terminal itself.
And base station is after the channel request message of terminal broadcast is received, can be reached according to the channel request message when
Between the start time point of point and the BCCH time slots difference, calculate the Timing Advance of the terminal.In a kind of excellent of the application
Select in embodiment, described the step of calculating Timing Advance can specifically include：
The time point that the channel request message is reached and the subtractive of the start time point of the BCCH time slots remove BCCH
The length of time slot is directed to the length modulus of the RACH sub-slots again, you can to obtain backhaul time delay, and by backhaul time delay
Timing Advance of the half as this terminal.
Assuming that time point and the difference of the start time point of the BCCH time slots that the channel request message reaches are T_
The length of offset, BCCH time slot is 400us, and the length of the RACH sub-slots is 100us, then Timing Advance TA can be with
It is expressed as：
TA=((T_offset-400) mod100)/2（2）
In order to make response to the channel request message, base station can broadcast AGCH message in AGCH time slots；It is described
AGCH message and the channel request message were in identical multiframe period, and to facilitate terminal to receive, namely terminal is being sent
After channel request message, reception state can be kept in whole AGCH time slots.
In actual applications, can be carried in the AGCH message mark of terminal for allowing access, Timing Advance,
The information such as the time-gap number and up-downlink direction that are distributed（Specifically it is referred to table 2）.
The AGCH message can specifically include following situation：
Situation 1,
For terminal, if the mark containing this terminal in AGCH message（ID, Identity）With distributed
Time-gap number（Traffic Channel TCH）, then terminal just begins through distributed Traffic Channel from current TDD radio frames and reflected
The communication process such as power and encryption and follow-up business data transmission.
Situation 2,
If not containing the ID and distribution state of the terminal in AGCH message, terminal can consider this Stochastic accessing
Failure, and the initiating random access procedure again in the RACH time slots of next multiframe period.
Situation 3,
If the ID containing the terminal in AGCH message, but base station is explicitly indicated it and abandons accessing, then the terminal is immediately
Stop random access procedure, and monitor AGCH time slots all the time, until time interval resource is distributed in base station for it；Also, if terminal is continuous
The number of random access request failure is more than the threshold value MaxRetrans of setting, then the terminal is abandoned accessing, and is passing through one section
Random access request is initiated again after time T_wait；Wherein, forbidding the terminal to initiate access within the T_wait periods please
Ask, be the access congestion for causing whole base station in order to avoid excessive random access request.
It should be noted that in order to improve the reception of BCCH message and channel request message and be decoded into power, in this Shen
In a kind of preferred embodiment please, the modulation rate of this BCCH message and channel request message can be arranged to 6Mbps, this
Sample, channel request message is taken as 30us ± 1 in the transmission of antenna end, and each RACH sub-slots are 100us in RACH time slots,
The radius of society that base station can cover in such cases is theoretically：
R=3 × 108×70×10-6÷ 2=10.5km（3）
And 802.11a covering radius is within hundred meters under normal circumstances, so 802.11a WLAN can be with
Radius of society Proper Match corresponding to above-mentioned modulation rate.
It is appreciated that those skilled in the art can flexibly set BCCH message according to the covering radius of WLAN
With the modulation rate of channel request message, to obtain the radius of society with the covering radius Proper Match of WLAN.
In addition, it is necessary to be kept and detection of loss of mains is to cause connection status using synchronous in some embodiments of the present application
Under terminal it is synchronous with base station end holding.The basic thought synchronously kept is：Base station continuously measures in communications connection procedure
Channel request message reaches the departure of the time point of base station side and the start time point of BCCH time slots, is generated according to measurement result
Timing Advance TA is notified to terminal for the Timing Advance TA of terminal, and by channel associated signalling；And terminal can basis
Timing Advance TA, at the beginning of next TDD radio frames between point adjustment local clock.
In actual applications, the terminal under connection status can continuously intercept base station in each 1/4Multiple
Whether the BCCH message that Frame S0 time slots are sent, the time point for detecting the BCCH message incoming terminals fall when synchronously maintaining
Between in window, this synchronously holds time window centered on the TA desired values continuously measured, and window width can be according to base station during Stochastic accessing
Core context determine.If the time point of BCCH message incoming terminals falls in time to lose lock window, can work as
Preceding TDD radio frames（Namely 1/4Multiple Frame）Interior progress up-downgoing data transfer, and to Timing Advance TA expectation
Value is weighted renewal；If the time point of BCCH message incoming terminals falls in time to lose lock outside window, the terminal can be
Without the uplink/downlink data transfer of any data in this TDD radio frames.
In terms of detection of loss of mains, base station side can be used to add the method for time window, TA phase of the time window continuously to measure
Centered on prestige value, window width is determined by the core context of base station.If base station side measures BCCH message incoming terminals continuous 3 times
Time point falls outside time window, then will be considered that this terminal clock step-out.
Similarly if continuous 3 times of base station side is not in the uplink/downlink time slot for distributing to the terminal（Traffic Channel）Detect
Data transfer, then it is also contemplated that the terminal traffic terminates and reclaims corresponding time interval resource.
In practice, when terminal detects clock step-out, it is same weight to be initiated in the RACH time slots of next TDD radio frames
Step process, the process is referring to above-mentioned random access procedure.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, in addition to broadcast BC CH message in the BCCH time slots in each multiframe period, base station is also
FCCH message and PCH message can be broadcasted in the FCCH time slots and PCH time slots of each multiframe period；Wherein, the FCCH disappears
Spectrum information of the breath available for transmission terminal, PCH message can be used for the information of transmission base station calling terminal.
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand the application, reference picture 6, show that the application is a kind of and be based on single carrier
The step flow chart using example of TDMA accidental access method, can specifically include：
Cell is established in step 601, base station；
In practice, base station can establish cellular cell, wherein one according to core context and base station deployment configuration situation
Individual base station can support one or more cellular cells.Specifically, the mark of the cell can be determined according to core context first
Know symbol（BS ID）, the communication frequency of cell, up and down power size, the information such as coverage radius of cell, current frame number；Then
Start the reference clock in the cell, as reference clock；Then, generate and start periodically to broadcast FCCH message, BCCH
Message and PCH message.Generally, base station can in first time slot of FCCH message next frames broadcast BC CH message.
Step 602, terminal capture the frequency of current area by spectrum scan, and when starting local after acquisition success
Clock；
When a terminal is just started shooting or initially entered in the cellular cell that can be covered by base station, frequency spectrum can be carried out and swept
Retouch, receive FCCH message, but and need not decode.
In the specific implementation, all radio frequencies can be searched for first（RF, Radio Frequency）Frequency, then every
The signal intensity of reception is read on individual RF channels, 5 measurement sampling points is at least extracted from different RF channels respectively, calculates flat
Equal level, and carrier frequency point of the maximum carrier wave of average level as current base station is selected, finally the frequency of terminal oneself is adjusted
To consistent with base station.
Step 603, terminal receive and parse through the BCCH message of base station broadcast；
After the frequency of capture terminal to current area, start local clock, begin attempt to decode BCCH message, and
After BCCH message is successfully decoded, local clock is updated.The parameter that terminal needs obtain from BCCH message is as shown in table 1, specifically
The random access parameter carried in frame number and system information can be included.
Step 604, terminal use broadcast mode to base station channel request message；
When terminal has business demand, for example, to base station login, have transmitting uplink data or have downlink data arrival when, then
Terminal needs initiating random access procedure first, applies for physical channel to base station.
The step of initiating random access procedure, can specifically include：Terminal is randomly in { 0,1 ..., RARef_Num }
One numerical value of middle selection, it is assumed that the value of selection is N, then, terminal is adopted after the microsecond of the 400+N of BCCH message × 100 is received
A channel request message is sent to base station with broadcast mode, and transmission power meets RA Power Level parameter settings.
The channel request message of step 605, base station receiving terminal in RACH time slots, and according to the channel request message
The difference of the start time point of the time point of arrival and the BCCH time slots, calculate the Timing Advance of the terminal；
AGCH message is broadcasted in step 606, base station in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used to disappear to the channel request
Breath makes response, and mark, Timing Advance, the time slot volume distributed of the terminal for allowing access are carried in the AGCH message
Number and up-downlink direction；
Terminal can keep reception state, base station can be in the AGCH time slots after access request is sent in whole AGCH time slots
Broadcast allow access Termination ID, for each UE specify in detail Timing Advance TA, the time-gap number distributed and on
The information such as down direction.
Step 607, terminal are attached the synchronous holding under state；
Step 608, base station carry out detection of loss of mains；
Step 609, when meeting prerequisite, base station carries out resource reclaim and reallocation.
Prerequisite corresponding to the resource reclaim is specifically as follows：If base station side is not distributing to the end continuous 3 times
In the uplink/downlink time slot at end（Traffic Channel）Detect data transfer, then it is also contemplated that the terminal traffic terminates and will be corresponding
Time interval resource recovery.
Prerequisite corresponding to the reallocation is specifically as follows：When certain terminal sign off, one can be sent to base station
Traffic Channel corresponding to the channel release request can be identified as idle condition by individual specific channel release request, base station, and
It is put into resource pool and is distributed for follow-up scheduling of resource, while the ID of the terminal is put into the idle-state terminals list of base station.
Lot of experimental data shows that the embodiment of the present application can meet Millisecond requirement of real-time, hundred Millisecond groups simultaneously
The wireless communication needs of net time delay and million grades of band above.
It should be noted that for embodiment of the method, in order to be briefly described, therefore it is all expressed as to a series of action group
Close, but those skilled in the art should know, the embodiment of the present application is not limited by described sequence of movement, because according to
According to the embodiment of the present application, some steps can use other orders or carry out simultaneously.Secondly, those skilled in the art also should
Know, embodiment described in this description belongs to preferred embodiment, and involved action not necessarily the application is implemented
Necessary to example.
Reference picture 7, shows a kind of structured flowchart of base station embodiment of the application, and the base station is based on single carrier and TDMA
Access way carries out networking, and the physical layer frame of the base station can specifically include TDD radio frames, the length of the TDD radio frames
For 10ms, the TDD radio frames include 10 time slots, and continuous 4 TDD radio frames form a multi-frame, wherein, each
Preceding 2 time slots and rear 8 time slots of the TDD radio frames are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, the control
Channel can specifically include：BCCH channel of broadcast control, RACH RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, PCH
PCH, DCCH DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH；The RACH time slots can specifically include multiple RACH period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m
Gap；
The base station can specifically include following module：
First broadcast module 701, in the BCCH time slots of each multiframe period, broadcast BC CH message；Wherein, it is described
BCCH message includes frame number and system information, and the system information carries random access parameter, the random access parameter bag
Random number term of reference value is included, the random number term of reference value is corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；
Timing Advance computing module 702, for the channel request message of the receiving terminal in RACH time slots, and according to institute
The difference of the time point of channel request message arrival and the start time point of the BCCH time slots is stated, the time for calculating the terminal carries
Preceding amount；And
Second broadcast module 703, for broadcasting AGCH message in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used for the letter
Road request message makes response, and the mark of terminal for allowing access, Timing Advance are carried in the AGCH message, is distributed
Time-gap number and up-downlink direction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the Timing Advance computing module 702 can specifically include：
First calculating sub module, for the time point for reaching the channel request message and the starting of the BCCH time slots
The subtractive at time point goes the length of BCCH time slots to be directed to the length modulus of the RACH sub-slots again, obtains backhaul time delay；And
Second calculating sub module, for the Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as the terminal.
In another preferred embodiment of the present application, the random access parameter can also include one in following parameter
Item is multinomial：Base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, it is maximum repeat after access request number, time-out forbid accessing duration,
Traffic scheduling cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition.
In the still another preferable embodiment of the application, the length of the RACH time slots is 1.6ms, the RACH time slots bag
Include 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
In the embodiment of the present application, it is preferred that the base station can also include：For broadcasting the BCCH message
Before, the covering radius according to the WLAN sets the setup module of the modulation rate of the BCCH message
For device embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, it is related
Part illustrates referring to the part of embodiment of the method.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, what each embodiment stressed be with
The difference of other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the embodiment of the present application can be provided as method, apparatus or calculate
Machine program product.Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can use complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combine software and
The form of the embodiment of hardware aspect.Moreover, the embodiment of the present application can use one or more wherein include computer can
With in the computer-usable storage medium (including but is not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of program code
The form of the computer program product of implementation.
The embodiment of the present application is with reference to according to the method for the embodiment of the present application, terminal device (system) and computer program
The flow chart and/or block diagram of product describes.It should be understood that can be by computer program instructions implementation process figure and/or block diagram
In each flow and/or square frame and the flow in flow chart and/or block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.These can be provided
Computer program instructions are set to all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing terminals
Standby processor is to produce a machine so that is held by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipments
Capable instruction is produced for realizing in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frames
The device for the function of specifying.
These computer program instructions, which may be alternatively stored in, can guide computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipments
In the computer-readable memory to work in a specific way so that the instruction being stored in the computer-readable memory produces bag
The manufacture of command device is included, the command device is realized in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or one side of block diagram
The function of being specified in frame or multiple square frames.
These computer program instructions can be also loaded into computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipments so that
Series of operation steps is performed on computer or other programmable terminal equipments to produce computer implemented processing, so that
The instruction performed on computer or other programmable terminal equipments is provided for realizing in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows
And/or specified in one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frames function the step of.
Although having been described for the preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present application, those skilled in the art once know base
This creative concept, then other change and modification can be made to these embodiments.So appended claims are intended to be construed to
Including preferred embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the embodiment of the present application scope.
Finally, it is to be noted that, herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms be used merely to by
One entity or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or operation
Between any this actual relation or order be present.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant meaning
Covering including for nonexcludability, so that process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements are not only wrapped
Those key elements, but also the other element including being not expressly set out are included, or is also included for this process, method, article
Or the key element that terminal device is intrinsic.In the absence of more restrictions, wanted by what sentence "including a ..." limited
Element, it is not excluded that other identical element in the process including the key element, method, article or terminal device also be present.
Above to a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA provided herein and a kind of base station, carry out
It is discussed in detail, specific case used herein is set forth to the principle and embodiment of the application, above example
Illustrate that being only intended to help understands the present processes and its core concept；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to
According to the thought of the application, there will be changes in specific embodiments and applications, in summary, this specification content
It should not be construed as the limitation to the application.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA, it is characterised in that methods described is based on single carrier and TDMA connects
Enter mode and carry out networking, the physical layer frame of methods described includes TDD radio frames, and the length of the TDD radio frames is 10ms, described
TDD radio frames include 10 time slots, and continuous 4 TDD radio frames form a multi-frame, wherein, each TDD is wireless
Respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, the control channel includes preceding 2 time slots and rear 8 time slots of frame：Extensively
Broadcast Control BCCH channel, RACH RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, PCH PCH, DCCH DCCH
With frequency correction channel FCCH；The RACH time slots include multiple RACH sub-slots；The length of the RACH time slots is 1.6ms,
The RACH time slots include 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots；
Methods described includes：
In the BCCH time slots of each multiframe period, broadcast BC CH message；Wherein, the BCCH message includes frame number and system is believed
Breath, the system information carry random access parameter, and the random access parameter includes random number term of reference value, it is described with
Machine number term of reference value is corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；
The channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slots, and the time point reached according to the channel request message and institute
The difference of the start time point of BCCH time slots is stated, calculates the Timing Advance of the terminal；
AGCH message is broadcasted in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used to make response to the channel request message, described
The mark of terminal for allowing access, Timing Advance, the time-gap number and up-downlink direction distributed are carried in AGCH message.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the time point reached according to the channel request message
And the difference of the start time point of the BCCH time slots, the step of calculating the Timing Advance of the terminal, including：
The time point that the channel request message is reached and the subtractive of the start time point of the BCCH time slots remove BCCH time slots
Length again be directed to the RACH sub-slots length modulus, obtain backhaul time delay；
Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as the terminal.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the random access parameter also includes one in following parameter
Item is multinomial：Base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, it is maximum repeat after access request number, time-out forbid accessing duration,
Traffic scheduling cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Before the BCCH message is broadcasted, according to described in
The covering radius for the WLAN that the physical layer of single carrier follows sets the modulation rate of the BCCH message.
5. a kind of base station, it is characterised in that the base station is based on single carrier and TDMA access ways carry out networking, the base station
Physical layer frame includes TDD radio frames, and the length of the TDD radio frames is 10ms, and the TDD radio frames include 10 time slots, even
4 continuous TDD radio frames form a multi-frame, wherein, preceding 2 time slots and rear 8 time slots of each TDD radio frames
Respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, the control channel includes：BCCH channel of broadcast control, Stochastic accessing letter
Road RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, PCH PCH, DCCH DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH；It is described
RACH time slots include multiple RACH sub-slots；The length of the RACH time slots is 1.6ms, and the RACH time slots include 8 or 16
RACH sub-slots；
The base station includes：
First broadcast module, in the BCCH time slots of each multiframe period, broadcast BC CH message；Wherein, the BCCH disappears
Breath includes frame number and system information, and the system information carries random access parameter, and the random access parameter includes random
Number term of reference value, the random number term of reference value are corresponding to the quantity of the RACH sub-slots；
Timing Advance computing module, for the channel request message of the receiving terminal in RACH time slots, and according to the channel
At the time point and the difference of the start time point of the BCCH time slots that request message reaches, calculate the Timing Advance of the terminal；
And
Second broadcast module, for broadcasting AGCH message in AGCH time slots；The AGCH message is used for the channel request
Message makes response, and the mark of terminal for allowing access, Timing Advance, the time slot distributed are carried in the AGCH message
Numbering and up-downlink direction.
6. base station according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the Timing Advance computing module includes：
First calculating sub module, for the time point for reaching the channel request message and the initial time of the BCCH time slots
The subtractive of point goes the length of BCCH time slots to be directed to the length modulus of the RACH sub-slots again, obtains backhaul time delay；And
Second calculating sub module, for the Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as the terminal.
7. base station according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the random access parameter also includes one in following parameter
Item is multinomial：Base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, it is maximum repeat after access request number, time-out forbid accessing duration,
Traffic scheduling cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition.
8. base station according to claim 5, it is characterised in that also include：For before the BCCH message is broadcasted, foundation
The covering radius for the WLAN that the physical layer of the single carrier follows sets the setting of the modulation rate of the BCCH message
Module.
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| CN110012544B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-10-14 | 福建科立讯通信有限公司 | Communication method in time division multiple access mode |
| CN111510194B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-05-10 | 湖南航天电子科技有限公司 | Beidou third-auxiliary satellite communication network access method, control station and terminal |
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| US7512109B2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2009-03-31 | Intel Corporation | Slot structure for radio communications system |
| CN101189816A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2008-05-28 | 摩托罗拉公司 | Method and apparatus for reducing round-trip latency and overhead within a communication system |
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Effective date of registration: 20190926 Address after: 102308 No. 1, Yongan Road, Shilong Economic Development Zone, Mentougou, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing spaceflight morning letter Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 102308 No. 1, Yongan Road, Shilong Economic Development Zone, Mentougou, Beijing Patentee before: China Aerospace Ke Gong group the 4th research institute's command automation technical research and application center |