CN101189816A - Method and apparatus for reducing round-trip latency and overhead within a communication system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for reducing round-trip latency and overhead within a communication system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
During operation radio frames are divided into a plurality of subframes. Data is transmitted over the radio frames within a plurality of subframes, and having a frame duration selected from two or more possible frame durations.
Description
Related application
The application requires the priority of the U.S. Provisional Application sequence number No.60/666494 of submission on March 30th, 2005.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to communication system, and especially, relates to a kind of be used for the reducing round trip delay time of communication system and the method and apparatus of expense.
Background technology
A key request of wireless broadband system development such as in third generation partner program (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE), is to reduce time-delay, so that improve user experience.For the angle of link layer, be round-trip delay between transmitted in packets and branch group of received are replied to the crucial contribution factor of time-delay.This round-trip delay typically is defined as many frames, and wherein frame is the duration of operation dispatching.Whole automatic repeat requests (ARQ) design has been determined in round-trip delay self, comprise such as first and subsequent packet transmission between delay or the design parameter of the number of hybrid ARQ channel (example).Therefore, concentrating on the time-delay that defines optimum frame duration and reduce, for the user experience that development in the communication system in future improves, is crucial.This type systematic comprises that the enhancement mode evolved universal terrestrial radio among the 3GPP inserts (UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) (also being called as EUTRA and EUTRAN), and the evolution of the communication system in the tissue of other generating technique standards (" stage 2 " among the 3GPP2 and the evolution of IEEE 802.11,802.16,802.20 and 802.22).
Unfortunately, for the different service quality of needs (QoS) characteristic or the different type of service of different grouping dimension is provided, there is not best single frame duration.During pilot-frequency expense in considering control channel and frame, this is real especially.For example, if each user's of each resource allocation absolute control channel expense is constant, and each frame distributed unique user, and then the frame duration of 0.5ms will be littler four times than the frame duration of 2ms roughly on validity.In addition, different manufacturers or operator may preferably different frame durations, make to be difficult to develop industrial standard or compatible equipment.Therefore, need a kind of improved method that is used for reducing round trip delay time and expense in communication system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of communication system.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram that is used to carry out up link and downlink transmission.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of radio frame.
Fig. 4 shows continuous short frame sequence.
Fig. 5 shows continuous long frame sequence.
Fig. 6 shows the form of the subframe of 10ms radio frame and about 0.5ms, 0.55556ms, 0.625ms and 0.67ms.
Fig. 7 shows the example for the 3rd data rows of table 1, and it has the subframe of 0.5ms, and each long frame (3ms) has 6 subframes.
Fig. 8 shows two examples based on the radio frame of the combination of long frame of 2ms and the short frame of 0.5ms.
Fig. 9 shows the subframe that comprises j=10 OFDM symbol, and each symbol all has the Cyclic Prefix 901 of 5.56 μ s, and it can be used for unicast transmission.
Figure 10 shows " broadcasting " subframe that comprises j=9 symbol, and each symbol all has the Cyclic Prefix 1001 of 11.11 μ s, and it can be used for broadcast transmitted.
Figure 11 shows the form of the example with three subframe type.
Figure 12 shows the long frame of all being made up of broadcast sub-frame or all being made up of conventional (clean culture) subframe.
Figure 13 shows the short frame of being made up of conventional subframe or broadcast sub-frame and the short frame of one or more broadcast type.
Figure 14 shows the example of radio frame overhead.
Figure 15 shows the alternately radio frame structure of arbitrary dimension, wherein synchronous and control (S+C) zone is not the part of radio frame, but the part of the bigger hierarchical frame structure of forming by radio frame, this bigger hierarchical frame structure is made up of radio frame that every j radio frame sends (S+C) zone.
Figure 16 and Figure 17 have illustrated hierarchical frame structure, and wherein superframe is defined as being made up of n+1 radio frame.
Figure 18 shows the uplink sub-frames with configuration identical with downlink subframe.
Figure 19 to Figure 21 shows the long frame of the 2ms that is made up of the 0.5ms subframe, and it has the frame type of long RACH, data (Data) or compound (Composite).
Embodiment
In order to tackle needs mentioned above, a kind of method and apparatus that is used to reduce round trip delay time provided herein.In operating process, radio frame is divided into a plurality of subframes.Data transmit on described radio frame in a plurality of subframes, and have the frame duration that is selected from two or more possible frame durations.
The present invention includes a kind of method that is used for reducing the round trip delay time of communication system.This method comprises the step of the data that reception will transmit on radio frame, wherein radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes.The frame duration is selected from two or more possible frame durations, and wherein frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes.Data are positioned in described a plurality of subframe, producing a plurality of data bursts, and transmit the described frame with a plurality of data bursts on described radio frame.
In addition, the present invention includes a kind of method, this method comprises that reception will be sent to the step of first user's data on radio frame, and wherein radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes.Be that first user selects the frame duration from two or more feasible frame durations, wherein frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes.First user's data is positioned in described a plurality of subframe, and producing a plurality of data bursts, and this frame that will have described a plurality of data bursts subsequently on described radio frame is sent to first user.Reception will be sent to second user's second data on described radio frame.Be that second user selects the second frame duration from described two or more feasible frame durations, wherein second frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes.Second user's second data are positioned in described a plurality of subframe, and producing more than second data burst, and second frame that will have described more than second data burst on described radio frame is sent to second user.
The present invention includes a kind of method that is used for transmitting data in communication system.This method comprises the step of the data that reception will transmit on radio frame, wherein radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes.Frame length is selected as comprising a plurality of subframes, and is that described a plurality of subframe is selected a subframe type from two or more subframe type.Described data are positioned in described a plurality of subframe, producing a plurality of data bursts, and transmit the described frame with described a plurality of data burst and described subframe type on described radio frame.
The present invention includes a kind of method that is used for transmitting data in communication system.This method comprises the step of the data that reception will transmit on radio frame, wherein radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes.Select frame, wherein this frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes.Described data are positioned in described a plurality of subframe, producing a plurality of data bursts, and public guide frequency are placed in each subframe in described a plurality of subframe.On described radio frame, transmit described frame with described a plurality of data bursts.
The present invention includes a kind of method that is used for transmitting data in communication system.This method comprises to be determined system bandwidth and receives the step of waiting to transmit data at radio frame and described system bandwidth from two or more system bandwidths.Described radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes, and radio frame duration and subframe duration are based on described system bandwidth.Select frame, wherein this frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes.Described data are positioned in described a plurality of subframe, producing a plurality of data bursts, and transmit the described frame with described a plurality of data burst and described subframe type on described radio frame.
A kind of method that is used for transmitting data in communication system.This method comprises determines carrier bandwidths and the step that receives the data that will transmit on radio frame, and wherein radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes.Select frame, wherein this frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes, and each subframe comprises resource element, and wherein resource element comprises a plurality of subcarriers, makes carrier bandwidths be divided into many resource elements.Described data are positioned in described a plurality of subframe, producing a plurality of data bursts, and transmit the described frame with described a plurality of data burst and described subframe type on described radio frame.
Forward accompanying drawing now to, wherein same Reference numeral is represented components identical, and Fig. 1 is the block diagram of communication system 100.Communication system 100 comprises a plurality of sub-districts 105 (only showing), and each sub-district has base station transceiver (BTS, perhaps base station) 104, and it is communicated by letter with a plurality of long-range or mobile units 101～103.In a preferred embodiment of the invention; communication system 100 is utilized OFDM of future generation (OFDM) or based on the framework of multicarrier; such as (for example having or do not have Cyclic Prefix or protection OFDM at interval; have Cyclic Prefix or protection traditional OFDM at interval; have shaping pulse but do not have Cyclic Prefix or protection OFDM (OFDM/OQAM) at interval) with IOTA (isotropism orthogonal transformation algorithm) prototype filter; perhaps have or do not have Cyclic Prefix or protection single carrier wave (for example, IFDMA at interval; DFT-Spread-OFDM) or the like.Transfer of data can be downlink transmission or ul transmissions.Transmission plan can comprise adaptive modulation and coding (AMC).This framework can also comprise, use spread spectrum, such as CDMA multiple carrier (MC-CDMA), multi-carrier direct sequence CDMA (MC-DS-CDMA), orthogonal frequency and code division multiplexing (OFCDM) with one dimension or two-dimensional spread-spectrum, perhaps can be based on simpler time-division and/or frequency division multiplexing/multiple access technology, the perhaps combination of these multiple technologies.Yet in interchangeable embodiment, communication system 100 can be utilized other wideband cellular communication system protocols, such as, but be not limited to TDMA or direct sequence CDMA.
Except OFDM, communication system 100 is utilized adaptive modulation and coding (AMC).By AMC,, become main and current received signal quality coupling (at the receiver place) to the modulation and the coded format of the transmission data flow of specific receiver for the particular frame that is transmitting.Modulation and encoding scheme can change frame by frame, so that the variations that occurs in the tracing mobile commutation system.Therefore, high-quality stream typically is assigned the modulation rate of higher level and/or higher channel coding rate, and modulation levels and/or code rate descend and descend along with quality.Experience high-quality receiver for those, utilize modulation scheme, and experience low-quality receiver, utilize modulation scheme such as BPSK or QPSK for those such as 16 QAM, 64 QAM or 256QAM.
For each modulation scheme, can utilize a plurality of code rates, so that trickleer AMC granularity to be provided, be used to realize mating more closely between quality and the transmission characteristics of signals (for example, for QPSK, R=1/4,1/2 and 3/4; And for 16 QAM, R=2/3 or the like).Should be noted that can be at time dimension (for example, every N
tIndividual OFDM symbol period upgrades modulation/coding) or at frequency dimension (for example, every N
ScIndividual sub-carrier wave updating modulation/coding) or by both combination, carries out AMC.
For the reason that postpones such as channel quality measurement delay or error or channel quality reporting, selected modulation and coding can be mainly only with current received signal quality coupling.Round-trip delay between this time-delay is typically replied by transmitted in packets and branch group of received causes.
In order to reduce time-delay, radio frame (RAF) and subframe are defined as, and RAF is divided into many (being integer in a preferred embodiment) subframes.In radio frame, frame is used for the subframe structure of transfer of data by integer, two or or a plurality of frame duration can use (for example, the first frame duration of a subframe, and the second frame duration of three subframes).
For example, can define the core wireless electricity frame structure from the 10ms of UTRA, each radio frame has N
RfIndividual subframe (for example, N
Rf=20 T
SfThe subframe of=0.5ms, wherein T
SfThe duration of=one subframe).For the OFDM transmission, subframe comprises that an integer P OFDM mark space is (for example, for T
SnThe symbol of=50 μ s, P=10, wherein T
SnThe duration of=one OFDM symbol), and can based on protection at interval or Cyclic Prefix define one or more subframe type (for example, conventional or broadcasting).
Should be familiar with as those of ordinary skill in the art, frame is associated with schedule data transmission.Frame can be defined as ' schedulable ' resource or schedulable unit, and wherein this frame has the control structure (may be unique association) that is associated, the use (promptly distributing to user etc.) of this control structure control resource.For example, when will be on frame during dispatched users, will provide resource in the frame (for example, for ofdm system, many modulation symbols of each subcarrier on OFDM symbol) to be used for transmission corresponding to the resource allocation message of frame.Replying of transfer of data on the frame will be returned, and new data or data are transmitted again and can be dispatched on the frame in future.Owing in resource allocation, do not distribute all resources (such as in ofdm system) in the frame, so resource allocation may not crossed over whole available bandwidths and/or time resource in the frame.
Based on the type of service of being served, different frame durations can be used for reducing time-delay and expense.For example, first transmission and transmission if desired again, with received internet protocol voice (VoIP) packet reliably, and transmission only can take place a frame delay after again, and then Resources allocation reduces to 1.5ms with the delay of reliable reception from 6ms (transmission, idle frame, transmit again) in the frame of 0.5ms but not in the frame of 0.2ms.In another example, the resource allocation that provides no piecewise to cooperate user grouping is such as the 1ms frame but not the 0.5ms frame can reduce expense, such as the control of a plurality of fragments that are used to divide into groups with reply signaling.
Can use other titles of reflection resource collection, such as continuous OFDM symbol, but not subframe, frame and radio frame.For example, term " time slot " can be used for " subframe ", and perhaps " Transmission Time Interval (TTI) " can be used for " frame " or " frame duration ".In addition, frame can be regarded as the user and transmit distinctive amount (such as the TTI that is associated with user and data flow), and therefore frame not need between the user or even from the transmission of same subscriber between synchronously or (for example aim at, subframe can comprise the part from two transfer of data of user, first is transmitted in the frame with a subframe and transmits, and second be transmitted in the frame with four subframes transmit).Certainly, advantageously, will be restricted to user's transmission or with a plurality of users' transmission and have synchronously or the frame of aiming at, such as will being divided into the frame sequence of 0.5ms or 2ms the time, and all resource allocations must be in these frames in.As noted above, radio frame can be represented the subframe of different size or the set of frame, the perhaps set of resource, such as continuous OFDM or DFT-SOFDM symbol, it surpasses the number of this symbol in the subframe, wherein in subframe, each symbol depends on carrier bandwidths and is made up of the subcarrier of some.
In addition, radio frame structure can be used for defining as follows the Common Control Channel (such as broadcast channel, paging channel, synchronizing channel and/or indicating channel) that is used for down link (DL) transmission, be that it is a sequence of subframes by time division multiplexing, it can simplify the life-span of handling or increase the battery that subscriber equipment (remote unit) locates.Similarly, for up link (UL) transmission, radio frame structure can be used to define contention channel (for example, Random Access Channel (RACH)) extraly, with the control channel that comprises the pilot tone time of shared data channel multiplexing operation.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block Figure 200 that is used for base station 104 or mobile radio station 101～103 execution up links and downlink transmission.Go out as shown, circuit 200 comprises logical circuit 201, transfer circuit 202 and receiving circuit 203.Logical circuit 200 preferably includes microprocessor controller, such as, but be not limited to the Freescale PowerPC.Transmit and receiving circuit 202～203rd, circuit common as known in the art is used to utilize known procotol communication, and with acting on the device that transmits and receive message.For example, transmitter 202 and receiver 203 preferably utilize the known transmitter and receiver of 3GPP procotol.Other feasible transmitter and receivers include, but not limited to utilize the transceiver of Bluetooth, IEEE 802.16 or HyperLAN agreement.
In operating process, transmitter 203 and receiver 204 transmit and receive Frame as discussed above and control information.More specifically, transfer of data is to take place by receive the data that will transmit on radio frame.Radio frame (shown in Fig. 3) comprises a plurality of subframes 300 (only having marked), and wherein the duration of subframe 301 is constant basically, and the duration of radio frame 300 is constant.For example, radio frame comprises the subframe 300 of m=20 duration 0.5ms, and it is made of j=10 symbol.In transmission course, logical circuit 201 is selected the frame duration from two or more frame durations, and wherein the frame duration is that the subframe duration multiply by a number basically.Based on this frame duration, the subframe of this number is organized in the frame, and data are positioned in the subframe.Transmission is to take place by transmitter 202 transmits the subframe with this number on radio frame frame 300.
As previously mentioned, transfer of data can be downlink transmission or ul transmissions.Transmission plan can be to have or do not have Cyclic Prefix or (for example protect OFDM at interval; have at interval traditional OFDM of Cyclic Prefix or protection, have shaping pulse but do not have Cyclic Prefix or protection OFDM (OFDM/OQAM) at interval with IOTA (isotropism orthogonal transformation algorithm) prototype filter) or have or do not have at interval single carrier wave (for example, IFDMA, DFT-Spread-OFDM) of Cyclic Prefix or protection, CDM or the like.
The frame duration
There are two or more frame durations.If defined two frame durations, then can be assigned therein as short or long, its short-and-medium frame duration comprises the subframe of lacking than long frame duration.Fig. 4 shows continuous short frame sequence 401 (short frame is multiplexing), and Fig. 5 shows continuous long frame sequence 501 (long frame is multiplexing).Time can be divided into sequence of subframes, subframe is organized in the frame of two or more durations, and between continuous frame, the frame duration can be different.The subframe of frame has subframe type, typically has two or more subframe type.Each short frame and long frame are schedulable unit, and it is made up of the individual subframe of ns (n).In the example of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, subframe has duration and 10 symbols of 0.5ms, for short frame 401, and ns=1, and for long frame 501, n=6 (3ms) is although also can use other value.Do not need the defined radio frame, if perhaps defined radio frame, then frame (for example, lacking frame or long frame) can be crossed over a more than radio frame.As example, public guide frequency or common reference symbol or public reference signal by Time Division Multiplexing on first symbol of each subframe, and control character (also can be used the multiplexing operation of other form, such as FDM, CDM and combination) by TDM on first symbol of each frame.Frequency pilot sign and resource allocation control configuration will be discussed in the chapters and sections of back, and purpose herein is to illustrate, and the control expense of long frame can be less than the control expense of short frame.
Radio frame (radio frame) can comprise certain combination of short frame 401, long frame 501 or short frame and long frame.Unique user can have short frame and long frame in radio frame, perhaps can be restricted to a frame duration.A plurality of users' frame can be synchronous or aim at, perhaps can be nonsynchronous or non-aligned.Usually, frame (for example, lacking frame or long frame) can be crossed over a more than radio frame.Illustrated in the table 1 of Fig. 6 about the radio frame of 10ms and approximately several different long frame configurations of the subframe of 0.5ms, 0.55556ms, 0.625ms and 0.67ms.In this example, short frame duration is a subframe, and long frame duration changes.For each configuration, show the maximum number of the long frame of each radio frame, and the minimal amount of the short frame of each radio frame.Supposed (for example, at aforementioned Common Control Channel) optionally radio frame overhead (in subframe), this will discuss in " radio frame overhead is multiplexing " chapters and sections.Yet radio frame and other expense also can be multiplexing in frame (data burst).For simplifying and the purpose of flexibility, preferred but optional be that radio frame overhead is an integer subframe.
Fig. 7 shows the example of the 3rd data rows of table 1, and each long frame (3ms) has the subframe of 6 0.5ms.In the example of Fig. 7, radio frame starts from two synchronous and control subframes (radio frame overhead) 701, and its back is 18 short frames 702 (only having marked) or 3 long frames 703 (only having marked), and wherein each long frame is made up of 6 subframes.Extra (optionally) parameter in this example is the minimal amount (last column of form) of the short frame of each radio frame.This parameter has determined whether radio frame must comprise some short frame.Be set at zero by minimal amount, allow by long frame but not lack frame complete filling radio frame the short frame of each radio frame.Because the minimal amount of the short frame of each radio frame is zero, therefore can in radio frame, forbid the mixing (allowing usually) of short frame and long frame.
Replacedly, table 1 also shows the table entries that each long frame (2ms) has the subframe of 4 0.5ms.Fig. 8 shows two examples based on the radio frame of the combination of long frame of 2ms and the short frame of 0.5ms.The feasible starting position of long frame can be limited to the known location in the radio frame.
Select the reason of specific frame duration
As example, can part select the frame duration based on following factor:
The frame duration there is the specific hardware of preference, comprises the powers and functions of subscriber equipment.
The preference of operator or manufacturer, its can comprise (outside other factors) deployment preference or available spectrum and with the wireless system adjacency of other deployment
Channel width (such as 1.25MHz or 10MHz),
From user's condition of one or more users, wherein user's condition can be speed (Doppler), radio channel condition, user position (for example, cell edge) or other the user's condition in the sub-district.
One or more users' service characteristics is such as time-delay demand, grouping dimension, error rate, admissible the number of transmissions again etc.
Can be based in part on one or more users' expense is minimized, select the frame duration.Expense can be control expense, fragmentation overhead (for example, CRC) or other expenses.
Number of users to be scheduled in the frame
Radio network state comprises the number of users in system's " load " and each sub-district.
Back compatible with Legacy System
The type of service of the frequency of carrier wave and modulation division and assignment: whole carrier wave can be divided into the band of two or more different sizes, (for example use different modulation types in each band, carrier bandwidths is divided into CDMA or single carrier wave or spread spectrum OFDM band and multi-carrier OFDM band), the institute's assignment in being with for each thus or the type of service of scheduling are (for example, network browsing in VoIP in the CDMA band and other OFDM band), different frame sizes is better or (being similar to) optimum
As example, consider that be unique user selection frame duration between the short frame frame duration of the subframe of maximum number (for example, less than) and long frame the frame duration of the subframe of minimal amount (for example, greater than).For minimum time-delay, minimum grouping, medium Doppler, big bandwidth or other reason, can select short frame.For lower expense, low time-delay, bigger grouping, low or high Doppler, cell edge, little bandwidth, multi-subscriber dispatching, frequency selective scheduling or other reason, can select long frame.Yet, do not need to use rigid rule usually, therefore can in any frame duration (short or long), use any time-delay, grouping dimension, bandwidth, Doppler, position, dispatching method etc.For example, the subframe duration can be corresponding to minimum downlink frame or TTI.A plurality of subframe serial connections become long frame or TTI, can for example provide lower data rate and the optimized support of QoS.
Can select the frame duration based on any granularity in many granularities.Frame duration or TTI can be semi-static or dynamic transport channel attribute.Like this, can frame by frame (and therefore dynamically) or semi-static determine frame duration or TTI.Under dynamic situation, network (Node B) is with dominance ground (for example, utilizing the L1 bit) or recessive ground (for example, by pointing out modulation and code rate and transfer block size) signaling frame duration.Under the situation of semi-static frame duration or TTI, can pass through the signaling of higher level (for example L3) and set frame duration or TTI.Granularity comprises, but be not limited to, carry out frame by frame, in radio frame, between radio frame, the multiple of every radio frame (10,20,100 etc.), every some ms or s (for example, 115ms, 1s etc.), when switching, during system registry, during system deployment, when receiving L3 message or the like.Granularity can be named as " static state ", " semi-static ", " half dynamically ", " dynamically " or other terms.Can also be when any above " selection " characteristic changing, perhaps for any other reason, trigger frame duration or TTI.
Subframe type
In down link and up link, there is the subframe of at least a type, and typically,, has the subframe (every kind of subframe has substantially the same duration) of two or more types usually for down link (and sometimes for up link).For example, type can be " routine " and " broadcasting " (for downlink transmission), perhaps type A, B and C or the like.In this case, data distributing program is expanded to comprising:
The data that reception will transmit on radio frame, wherein radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes, wherein the duration of subframe is constant basically, and the duration of radio frame is constant;
Select the frame duration from two or more frame durations, wherein the frame duration is that the subframe duration multiply by number basically;
Based on this frame duration, the subframe of this number is organized in this frame
The chooser frame type, wherein selected subframe type regulation can be contained in the data volume in the subframe
Data are placed in the subframe with this subframe type
On radio frame, transmit the frame of subframe with this number.
As noted, all subframes in the frame have identical type, although normally, subframe type can be mixed in frame.
Can distinguish subframe type by transmission parameter.For the OFDM transmission, this can comprise protection duration, sub-carrier separation, number of sub carrier wave or FFT size at interval.In a preferred embodiment, can distinguish subframe type by the protection interval (perhaps Cyclic Prefix) of transmission.In example, this transmission is called as OFDM transmission, although as known in the art, protection also can be applied to single carrier wave (for example, IFDMA) or spread spectrum (for example, CDMA) signal at interval.Long protection can be used for disposing bigger sub-district, broadcast or multicast transmission at interval, discharges requirement or ul transmissions synchronously.
As example, consideration has the ofdm system of the symbol duration of 22.5kHz sub-carrier separation and 44.44 μ s (non-expansion).Fig. 9 shows subcarrier 900, and it comprises j=10 OFDM symbol, and each symbol has the Cyclic Prefix of 5.56 μ s, and it can be used for unicast transmission.Figure 10 shows " broadcasting " subframe 1000, and it comprises j=9 symbol, and each symbol has the Cyclic Prefix 1001 of 11.11 μ s, and it can be used for broadcast transmitted.In the drawings, the use of the symbol in the subframe is not illustrated (for example, data, pilot tone, control or other functions).It is evident that the Cyclic Prefix 1001 that is used for broadcast sub-frame is used for the Cyclic Prefix 901 of clean culture (non-multicast or broadcasting) subframe greater than (in time).Therefore the circulating prefix-length by frame can be short frame or long frame with frame acknowledgment.Certainly, the subframe with longer CP can be used for clean culture, and the subframe with shorter CP can be used for broadcasting, and therefore the title such as subframe type A or B is suitable.
Provide in the table 2 shown in Figure 11 about 22.5kHz sub-carrier separation and about 0.5,0.5556,0.625 and the example of three subframe type of the subframe of 0.6667ms.Show three Cyclic Prefix durations (being used for subframe type A, B and C) at each subframe duration.Also can define other sub-carrier separation, such as, but be not limited to 7～8kHz, 12～13kHz, 15kHz, 17～18kHz.And in subframe, because different protection durations (Cyclic Prefix) or different sub-carrier separation or FFT sizes, all symbols can not have identical symbol duration.
Employed OFDM numeral nomenclature scheme only is exemplary, and many other schemes also are feasible.For example, the table 3 shown in Figure 11 uses the 25kHz sub-carrier separation.Shown in this example (for example, the 0.5ms subframe, 5.45 μ s protect at interval), can there be protection heterogeneous duration at interval in the subframe, such as when required number of symbols does not eliminate the number of samples of each subframe.In this case, table entries is represented the average Cyclic Prefix of subframe symbol.In " scalable bandwidth " chapters and sections, example how to revise the Cyclic Prefix of each subframe symbol has been shown.
Long frame can be made up of broadcast sub-frame fully, perhaps forms (referring to Figure 12) by conventional (clean culture) subframe fully, perhaps is made up of the combination of conventional and broadcast sub-frame.The long frame of one or more broadcast types can appear in the radio frame.Short frame also can be made up of routine or broadcast sub-frame, and the short frame of one or more broadcast types can appear at (referring to Figure 13) in the radio frame.Broadcast frame can organize together with other broadcast frame, with the channel estimating of improving clean culture and non-unicast data (referring to " frequency pilot sign " chapters and sections; Can use public guide frequency from adjacent sub-frame), and/or can be in broadcast frame to insert non-broadcast frame at interval time-interleaved to carry out.Although do not illustrate, at least one extra subframe type can be type " blank ".Blank subframe can be empty, perhaps comprises the fixing or pseudo-load that generates at random.Blank subframe can be used for avoiding interference, measuring interference, does not use when perhaps not having data in the frame in radio frame.Can also define other subframe type.
Radio frame ancillary function is multiplexing
A part of radio frame can be reserved and be used for miscellaneous function.Miscellaneous function can comprise that radio frame control (comprising public control structure), synchronization field or sequence, designator signaling are to the response of the activity on the complementary radio (such as the FDD carrier wave to following frequency) or other expense type.
In Figure 14, illustrate an example of the radio frame overhead that is called as " synchronous and control area ".In this example, expense is 2 time-multiplexed in the radio frame of 20 subframes subframes.Other forms of multiplexing synchronous and control in the subframe also is feasible.Synchronous and control area can comprise polytype synchronizing symbol (the global synchronization symbol (GSS) that comprises the sub-district synchronizing symbol (CSS) of cell-specific, shares), common pilot symbols (CPS), indicator channel symbol (PI), reply indicator channel symbol (AI), other indicator channels (OI), broadcast indicator channel (BI), broadcast control channel information (BCCH) and paging channel information (PCH) between two or more network edge nodes.These channels generally appear in the cellular communication system, and can have different titles or be not present in some system.In addition, can have other control and synchronizing channel, and it transmits in this zone.
Figure 15 shows the interchangeable radio frame structure with arbitrary dimension, wherein synchronous and control (S+C) zone is not the part of radio frame, but the part of the bigger hierarchical frame structure of forming by radio frame, wherein every j radio frame sends (S+C) zone.In this example, the radio frame after the S+C zone is 18 subframes.
Figure 16 and Figure 17 illustrate hierarchical frame structure, have wherein defined superframe, and it is made up of n+1 radio frame.In Figure 16, radio frame and superframe have control area and synchronous and control area respectively, and in Figure 17, only superframe comprises the control area.For the different radio frame position in the superframe, radio frame control can have identical type with retaining zone, perhaps can be different.
Radio frame synchronously and control section can be all or part of of one or more subframes, and can be fixing duration.It can also depend on the hierarchy that has wherein embedded sequence of radio frames and change between radio frame.For example, as shown in Figure 16, it can comprise two initial subframes of each radio frame.Usually, when in a plurality of subframes all or part of, existing synchronously and/or during control, described a plurality of subframes do not need directly adjacent mutually.In another example, it can comprise two subframes in the radio frame and three subframes in another radio frame.Radio frame with extra subframe expense can not occur continually, and extra expense can appear at the adjacent or non-conterminous subframe of conventional (frequent) radio frame overhead in.In interchangeable embodiment, expense can be arranged in radio frame, but can not be an integer subframe, is divided into overhead area if radio frame is not divided into subframe and adds an integer subframe, and then this may take place.For example, the radio frame of 10ms can be by 10 subframes, and wherein each subframe has the length of 0.9ms, add that the part (for example, radio frame paging or broadcast channel) of the 1ms that is used for radio frame overhead constitutes.
As hereinafter discussing, all or some radio frames synchronously and control section can (but optional) be configured to transmit information about the layout of radio frame, mapping (if example-radio frame has two long frames and short frame subsequently, then this configuration can be expressed as L-L-S) such as weak point/eldest son's frame configuration.In addition, synchronous and control section can indicate which subframe is used for broadcasting etc.With this mode transmit that radio frame layout will reduce or eliminate potentially below need: subframe ground is to the layout of frame with use " scheduling " or a limited number of sequence of radio frames of predefined (select one of them then when starter system inserts and with its signaling to subscriber equipment) of carrying out blind Detecting or sending radio frame via the signaling of higher level one by one.Should be noted that the routine data frame also can be used for bearing bed 3 (L3) message.
Framing control
Exist subscriber station (SS) 101～103 to determine the several means of the framing structure (and subframe type) in the radio frame.For example:
It is blind that (for example, BS dynamically controls but signaling not, so SS must determine the frame starting point in the radio frame.Frame starting point can be based on the existence of pilot tone in the frame or control character.)
Superframe (for example, BS transmits the information that indicates the frame configuration every 1sec, until next superframe)
System deployment (base station) and registration (mobile radio station)
Radio frame synchronously and in the control section by signaling
In first frame in radio frame by signaling (can state the mapping of other frames)
In the control assignment of Resources allocation
Usually, two or more frame durations and subframe type may reside in the radio frame.If communication system 100 is configured to, the short frame in the radio frame and the mixing of long frame can change, and then the possible starting position of long frame can be fixed, to reduce signaling/search.If radio frame only has single frame duration or single subframe type, then can further reduce signaling/search.In many cases, definite information that also provides about the position of control in the radio frame and pilot frequency information of the framing structure of radio frame is in the starting point place such as second symbol that is positioned at each frame in resource allocation control (next chapters and sections).
The professional qualification that some control method may be more suitable for changing frame by frame.For example, control mapping (first in the radio frame that in given sub-frame, has each radio frame, in the last radio frame last), can allow in a radio frame, (for example to handle big grouping efficiently, and allow in another radio frame, to handle many voip users TCP/IP).Replacedly, relatively slow if the customer service type changes, then the superframe signaling can change the control channel distribution in the radio frame completely.
Resource allocation (RA) control
Frame has the control structure (may uniquely be associated) that is associated, the use (distribution) of its control user's resource.Typically provide resource allocation (RA) control, postpone so that when scheduling is transmitted again, reduce at each frame and frame duration separately thereof.In many cases, the information of determining also to provide the position of controlling about (each frame) resource allocation in the radio frame of the framing structure of radio frame is in the starting point place such as second symbol that is positioned at each frame (long frame or short frame) in resource allocation control.Control channel is TDM (for example, one or more TDM symbols) preferably, and is positioned near frame starting point place or its, but can also be replacedly be dispersed throughout in the frame on both at time (symbol), frequency (subcarrier) or this.Can also use one dimension or the two-dimensional spread-spectrum and the code division multiplexing (CDM) of control information, and depend on system configuration, can also make up multiple multiplexing method such as TDM, FDM, CDM.
Usually, such as multiplexing for TDM/FDM/CDM, having two or more user resource allocations in frame, also is feasible although each frame is restricted to unique user, such as TDM.Therefore, when control channel was present in the frame, it can be one or more user resource allocations.If use discrete control channel to be used for two users' of frame resource allocation, then can also have a more than control channel in the frame.
This control domain can also comprise than the resource allocation more information about this frame.For example, on down link, RA control can comprise uplink resource allocation and the response message about up link.For fast dispatch and minimum time-delay, may be preferred corresponding to the rapid answer of independent frame.Another example is, this control domain can carry out permanent resource and distribute, and it all keeps suitable (for example, being used to indicate the constant resource allocation of the frame or the radio frame of number, perhaps until being closed by another control messages in the different frame) for a more than frame
Control information in first frame of radio frame (last frame in the perhaps last radio frame) can also be provided for the framing (and therefore the control position is provided) of the remainder of the next one (perhaps more generally, following) frame or radio frame.Two other variations:
Overlapping controlled area: the control channel of first frame can assignment be given the frame of himself, and some can assignment give second frame, and second frame is given in the assignment extraly of the control channel in second frame.This ability can be useful for mix different type of service (for example, VoIP and big grouping) in the single radio frame.
Extra dispatching flexibility (part is indeterminate) in the radio frame: the control channel in first frame (the perhaps control of the framing in radio frame mapping) can provide the indefinite a little explanation about the control mapping of radio frame, to realize more flexibility frame by frame.For example, the control mapping can be pointed out frame/control position, and it is clear and definite or possible.The half-blindness receiver will be understood clear and definite position, will must blind formula determine whether possible frame/control position is effective.
Frequency pilot sign
By TDM, FDM, CDM or their multiple combination, pilot tone or reference symbol can be multiplexing in frame or in the subframe.Frequency pilot sign can be public (being received and use by Any user) or special-purpose (being used for specific user or specific user's group), and may exist public in frame and mixing dedicated pilot.For example, common pilot symbols (CPS) reference symbol can be first symbol (TDM pilot tone) in the subframe, provides spacing uniform basically common pilot symbols thus in whole radio frame.Down link can have different pilot symbol formats with up link.Pilot symbol allocations can be constant, perhaps can signaling.For example, can be in the control of the radio frame of one or more RAF signaling common pilot symbols position.In another example, in the RA of frame control, pointed out the dedicated pilot in the frame (except any public guide frequency).
In one embodiment, subframe definition can be relevant with the public guide frequency spacing.For example, if subframe is defined as comprising single common pilot symbols, then preferably the minimum expected with the channel of the system that is disposing is relevant coherence time for subframe lengths.By this method, can determine subframe duration (certainly, also allowing other modes of definition subframe lengths) simply by the public guide frequency spacing.The public guide frequency spacing mainly determines that by channel estimating performance channel estimating performance is modulated definite by the coherence time in the system, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION and user.For example, can pilot tone of per 5 bauds, with can be in 50 μ s bauds (the useful duration of 40 μ s+10 μ s Cyclic Prefix or protection duration) user of processing 120kph.Should be noted that baud used herein refers to OFDM or DFT-SOFDM symbol period.
When Doppler speed is very low, the all or part of of public guide frequency can omit from particular frame or subframe, this be because, in this case, from a previous or back sub-frame/frame, perhaps the pilot tone from the control area of radio frame enough is used for channel tracking.And, if use difference/incoherent modulation, then do not need pilot tone.Yet,, show each subframe with frequency pilot sign for the purpose of simplified illustration.
Up link and down link
Shown radio frame configurations can be used for the up link or the down link of FDD system.An example that is used for up link and down link has been shown among Figure 18.Figure 18 shows uplink sub-frames, it has the configuration identical with downlink subframe, but they can have the symbol of different numbers in each subframe usually, perhaps even have different subframe durations and have the subframe of different numbers in each frame.The modulation that is used for up link can be different from down link, for example DS-CDMA, IFDMA or DFT-SOFDM (DFT-spread spectrum-OFDM) but not OFDM.Uplink radio frame is shown as the skew of relative downlink radio frame structure, to reply faster by allowing, helps the requirement of HARQ sequential, although zero offset also allows.This skew can be any value, comprises the fragment (for example, the OFDM of some or DFT-SOFDM symbol period) of a subframe, a plurality of subframe or subframe.First subframe in the uplink radio frame can be assigned as public control/contention channel, such as Random Access Channel (RACH) subframe, and can be corresponding to downlink synchronization and control subframe.The control frame (perhaps more generally, message), CQI, down link Ack/Nack message, frequency pilot sign etc. of carrying uplink control information, can with Frame time or channeling.
Interchangeable up link
Show two FDD uplink structure that replace, it only has a frame duration on the up link.Yet, defined two or more long frame types.In Figure 19 and Figure 20, the long frame of the 2ms that is made up of the subframe of 0.5ms has the frame type of long RACH, data (Data) or compound (Composite).Long RACH may frequently not occur, such as occurring every 100ms.Compound frame has data, control and short RACH.Short RACH can be less than a subframe on duration.The Frame (not shown) is similar to compound frame, but will lack RACH replaces with data burst.Control, RACH and pilot tone all are shown as TDM, but also can be FDM or TDM/FDM combination.As preamble, defined subframe type, and it can perhaps be used for the RACH frame or be used for IFDM/DFT-SOFDM﹠amp based on protection interval duration; OFDM switches.Figure 21 is similar with Figure 20 to Figure 19, but frame has 6 subframes and categorical data or compound.If only use composite data frames, then each frame will comprise control and short RACH.For an integer (preferably) or a non-integer subframe, (each subframe illustrates once) do not appear in long RACH continually.
TDD
For time division duplex (TDD), system bandwidth is distributed to up link or down link in time-multiplexed mode.In one embodiment, every several frames of the switching between up link and the down link occur once, occur once such as each radio frame.Up link and downlink subframe can be identical or different durations, determine " TDD is cut apart " by subframe granularity.In another embodiment, down link and up link occur in having the long frame of two or more subframes, and long frame has the fixing duration of possibility.Short frame with single subframe also is feasible, but aspect expense, the backhaul in the frame be difficulty or cost high.Up link and down link can be identical or different durations, determine " TDD is cut apart " by subframe granularity.In any of two embodiment, it is inner or outside to be included in subframe such as the TDD expense of oblique ascension and oblique deascension.
The bandwidth of scalable
Transmission can appear in two or more bandwidth one, and wherein the radio frame duration is identical for each bandwidth.Bandwidth can be 1.25,2.5,5,10,15 or 20MHz or certain approximation.Subframe duration (and therefore minimum possible frame duration) is identical for each bandwidth preferably, and the set of available frame duration also is like this.Replacedly, can be at each band width configuration subframe duration and a plurality of frame duration.
Table 4 shows the example of 6 carrier bandwidths of the sub-carrier separation with 22.5kHz, and table 5 shows the example of 6 carrier bandwidths of the sub-carrier separation with 25kHz.Should be noted that in table 5 protection of each symbol in the subframe (for example, circulating prefix-length) at interval is not constant, as describing in " subframe type " chapters and sections.In subframe, because different protection durations (Cyclic Prefix), all symbols can have different symbol durations.For this example, provide all excess samples at single symbol; In other example, can define two or three extra protection spacing values at subframe.As another example, for the sub-carrier separation of 15kHz and the subframe duration of 0.5ms, the short frame of 7 symbols can have～the average CP of 4.7 μ s (microsecond), the short frame of 6 symbols can have～4.69 μ s (9 samples at 1.25MHz place, at higher bandwidth proportional zoom) and～the average CP of 5.21 μ s (10 samples at 1.25MHz place are at higher bandwidth proportional zoom).
| Parameter | Carrier bandwidths (MHz) | |||||
| 20 | 15 | 10 | 5 | 2.5 | 1.25 | |
| Frame duration (ms) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| The FFT size | 1024 | 768 | 512 | 256 | 128 | 64 |
| Subcarrier (taking) | 768 | 576 | 384 | 192 | 96 | 48 |
| Symbol duration (μ s) | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Useful (μ s) | 44.44 | 44.44 | 44.44 | 44.44 | 44.44 | 44.44 |
| Protection (μ s) | 5.56 | 5.56 | 5.56 | 5.56 | 5.56 | 5.56 |
| Protection (sample) | 128 | 96 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 |
| Sub-carrier separation (kHz) | 22.5 | 22.5 | 22.5 | 22.5 | 22.5 | 22.5 |
| The BW that takies (MHz) | 17.28 | 12.96 | 8.64 | 4.32 | 2.16 | 1.08 |
| The symbol of each |
10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 16QAM data rate (Mbps) | 49.15 | 36.86 | 24.58 | 12.29 | 6.14 | 3.07 |
The OFDM numeral nomenclature scheme of the different carrier bandwidth of table 4-routine (data) subframe
| Parameter | Carrier bandwidths (MHz) | |||||
| 20 | 15 | 10 | 5 | 2.5 | 1.25 | |
| Frame duration (ms) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| The FFT size | 1024 | 768 | 512 | 256 | 128 | 64 |
| Subcarrier (taking) | 736 | 552 | 368 | 184 | 96 | 48 |
| Symbol duration (μ s) | 45.45 | 45.45 | 45.45 | 45.45 | 45.45 | 45.45 |
| Useful (μ s) | 40.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 |
| Protection (μ s) | 5.45 | 5.45 | 5.45 | 5.45 | 5.45 | 5.45 |
| Protection (sample) | 139.64 | 104.73 | 69.82 | 34.91 | 17.45 | 8.73 |
| Rule protection (μ s) | 5.43 | 5.42 | 5.39 | 5.31 | 5.31 | 5.00 |
| Irregular protection (μ s) | 5.70 | 5.83 | 6.09 | 6.87 | 6.87 | 10.00 |
| Sub-carrier separation (kHz) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| The BW that takies (MHz) | 18.4 | 13.8 | 9.2 | 4.6 | 2.4 | 1.2 |
| Subchannel | 92 | 69 | 46 | 23 | 12 | 6 |
| The symbol of each |
11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| 16QAM data rate (Mbps) | 52.99 | 39.74 | 26.50 | 13.25 | 6.91 | 3.46 |
The OFDM numeral nomenclature scheme of the different carrier bandwidth of table 5-routine (data) subframe
ARQ
ARQ and HARQ can be used for providing data reliability.In a plurality of subframe type (for example, conventional and broadcasting), (H) the ARQ process can be different or share, and in a plurality of frame durations, it can be different or share.Especially, can allow or forbid utilizing the transmission again of different frame duration.For fast dispatch and minimum time-delay, can be preferred corresponding to the rapid answer of individual frame.
HARQ
For ARQ, for reliability can be used the multiframe notion, perhaps for HARQ, for extra reliability is used the multiframe notion.ARQ or HARQ scheme can be to stop and waiting for (SAW) agreement, selectivity retransmission protocol or other schemes as known in the art.Preferred embodiment described below will use the multichannel of revising at multiframe operation to stop and waiting for HARQ.
Based on the time-delay of round-trip transmission (DTT), set the channel number among the N channel SAW HARQ.Defined enough channels, made that channel can be by fully taking continuously from a user's data.Therefore, the minimal amount of channel is 2.
If return interval and frame length are proportional, then short frame all can use identical N (for example, 3) channel with long frame.If be relatively-stationary return interval, the then required channel number that is used for short frame duration will be Duoed or identical with it than the required channel number that is used for long frame duration.For example, subframe and short frame for 0.5ms, and the long frame of 3ms, and (be the effective receiver processing time return interval of the 1ms between the hypothesis transmission, so that transmission is decoded, and respond by required feedback (such as Ack/Nack) subsequently), then 3 channels are used for short frame, and 2 channels are used for long frame.
If there is not frequent switching from a frame size to another frame size, and in radio frame, there is not the mixing of frame duration, then can switch and stop existing process, and the channel number of each frame size and HARQ signaling can be independently by frame size.Under the situation of dynamic frame duration or TTI, the number of the subframe of serial connection, at least for initial transmission and may be for transmission again, can dynamic change.If allow transferring out again on the now different frame types of grouping, then can between the frame duration, share HARQ process (for example, the HARQ procedure identifier can refer to short frame or long frame with dominance or recessive mode).Can be based on the sequence of all short frames or all long frames multiplexing, consider that whether grouping has relatively-stationary or proportional backhaul (for example, decoding and ACK/NACK transmit), defines needed channel number.For fixing backhaul, can mainly determine N based on lacking the multiplexing requirement of frame.For proportional backhaul, short frame and the multiplexing needed N of long frame can be roughly the same.N is to handle any switching between short frame and the long frame in design, may need extra HARQ channel (bigger N).For example, consider the requirement (proportional backhaul) of the N=3 that each short frame or long frame are multiplexing, long frame equals four short frames on duration.Obviously, the sequence that the HARQ channel uses can be short (1,2,3,1,2,3...) or be long (1,2,3,1,2,3...) entirely entirely, does not have restriction.Yet before channel 1 can be used for retransferring short frame or long frame, long frame (having channel id 1) must be followed the equivalent span of two long frames afterwards.In the span of these two long frames, channel 2 and 3 can be used for short frame, but at this some place, owing to channel 2 can't be reused, and channel 1 is disabled, therefore must use extra channel 4.For N＜=(number of the short frame in the long frame), needed total number of channels can be N+ (N-1).Continue example above, can see,, then before reusing channel 3, need channel id 3 and 4 and 5 if two long frames (channel id 1 and 2) are followed short frame afterwards.In this example, five channels are more than three required channels of any individual multiplex among both.
Multidimensional (time, frequency and space) HARQ
With compare based on defining N return interval fully, more efficiently is (for example, aspect coding and resource allocation granularity), permission comes scheduling remote units 101～103 by a more than grouping that is used for given frame or scheduling entity.Be different from remote unit is supposed that each frame has a HARQ channel, consider to be up to N2 HARQ channel.Therefore, suppose stopping and waiting for HARQ of N channel, wherein N is fully based on return interval, and also will have N2 HARQ channel for each frame of remote unit, and then each remote unit support is up to NxN2 HARQ channel.For example, each continuous long frame will stopping and waiting in N the channel of HARQ agreement one corresponding to the N channel.Because each long frame is made up of " n " individual subframe, is the HARQ channel if also allow each subframe, then we will make each remote unit have the Nxn of being up to a HARQ channel.Therefore, in this case, the unit that can independently reply will be a subframe, but not long frame.Replacedly, if each carrier wave has defined " p " individual frequency band, then each can be the HARQ channel, and it has caused each mobile unit to be up to Nxp HARQ channel.More generally, for " s " individual space channel, may exist each mobile unit to be up to the individual HARQ channel of " n " x " p " x " s " x " N ".Parameter " n " even can be bigger, if it is based on the OFDM symbol definition, and there is " j " individual OFDM symbol in each subframe.Under any circumstance, as the HARQ of unmodified, before the time restriction that is associated with N is over and done with, can not reuse channel.
The another kind of method of metering HARQ channel number is the maximum number of the grouping of the definite maximum length that can distribute on frame, such as the modulation of maximum and the grouping of code rate and 1500 bytes (+expense).Less grouping can be concatenated to the polymerization grouping dimension of the maximum of channel.For example, if N=2 (for minimum two-way time (RTT)), if and at 64QAMR=3/4 with realized transmitting 4 groupings in the subframe that the closed loop wave beam forms, then need 8=2 * 4 channels to be used for short frame, and need 32 channels to be used for the long frame of 4 subframes.If allow on different frame types, to occur the transmission again of grouping, then can further regulate channel number in this example, as mentioned.
The control signaling will need to revise, with support at weak point/long frame or at complete measure based on return interval the HARQ channel and the HARQ signaling revised.In an embodiment who uses corresponding to EUTRA, to " new data indicator (NDI) ", " redundancy versions designator (RVI) " of current use, modification and the ACK/NACK and the CQI feedback of " HARQ channel indicator (HCI) " and " transfer block size (TBS) ".Other technical specification may be used similar nomenclature scheme at HARQ.In one example, can in vice-minister's frame transmission, send up to " n " or " p " individual remote unit packets.Each grouping can be assigned discrete frequency selectivity (FS) or frequency diversity (FD) resource element and the mutual control signaling attribute of distinguishing (NDI, RVI, HCI and TBS).Color-code assists Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) to calculate such as the identity of utilizing remote unit, can be applied to the CRC of each downlink packets, to point out target remote unit.Some expansion (for example, bit number=log of HCI field will be needed
2(' n ' x ' N ')) be used for correctly carrying out the soft buffering combination of transmitted in packets.Similarly, the ACK/NACK feedback may need HCI field or color-code, to point out lacking which grouping set of the remote unit in frame or the transmission of long frame just by ACK or NACK.
Frequency selectivity distributes
Figure 22 and Figure 23 show several users' short frame rate selectivity (FS) and frequency diversity (FD) resource allocation respectively.Dispatch for FS, resource element (perhaps Resource Block or Resource Unit or bulk) is defined as being made of a plurality of subcarriers, thus carrier bandwidths be divided into many (preferably integer) but the RE of assignment (for example, the 5MHz carrier wave with 192 subcarriers all has the 24RE of 8 subcarriers).For the correlated bandwidth of channel that reduces signaling consumption and mate representative channel better (for example, for pedestrian B, 1MHz, and for vehicle A, 2.5MHz), RE can be defined as px8 subcarrier, and wherein " p " can be 3, and the required resolution that is used to realize most of FS scheduling benefit still is provided.Also can be set to as the number of the subcarrier on the basis of a plurality of subcarriers and to be different from 8 number (for example, if number of sub carrier wave is 300 at 5MHz thus, then total RE size is 15 or 25, if perhaps number of sub carrier wave is 288, then is 24 subcarriers).
In Figure 24, similarly, FS can distribute in identical long frame with the FD resource.Yet, preferably, on the identical time interval, do not distribute FS and FD resource, to avoid resource allocation conflict and signaling complexity.
Although illustrate and described the present invention particularly by the reference certain embodiments, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that under prerequisite without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, wherein can carry out the multiple variation on form and the details.Its purpose is that these variations are in the scope of claim.For example, under the situation of the transmission system that comprises a plurality of discrete carrier frequencies, signaling in the frame or pilot frequency information can appear on some component carrier frequency, but not on other frequencies.In addition, carry out after the process of " bandwidth expansion " in the method via direct sequence spread spectrum or code division multiplexing, pilot tone and/or control character can be mapped to time-frequency resources.In another example, frame structure can same MIMO, smart antenna and SDMA use together, has the identical or different frame durations for SDMA user simultaneously.
Claims (11)
1. method that is used for reducing the round trip delay time of communication system said method comprising the steps of:
The data that reception will transmit on radio frame, wherein said radio frame is made up of a plurality of subframes;
Select the frame duration from two or more possible frame durations, wherein frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes;
Described data are placed in described a plurality of subframe, to produce a plurality of data bursts; And
On described radio frame, transmit described frame with described a plurality of data bursts.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said frame are divided into the subframe that a plurality of sizes equate.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein said radio frame is 10 milliseconds a radio frame.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein said radio frame comprise short frame and long frame, and wherein each is lacked frame and comprises more than first subframe, and each long frame comprises more than second subframe.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said radio frame further comprises the control signaling moiety.
6. method that is used for transmitting in communication system data said method comprising the steps of:
The data that reception will transmit on radio frame, wherein said radio frame comprises a plurality of subframes;
Select frame, wherein said frame is substantially equal to a plurality of subframes;
Described data are placed in described a plurality of subframe, to produce a plurality of data bursts;
Public guide frequency is placed in each subframe of described a plurality of subframes; And
On described radio frame, transmit described frame with described a plurality of data bursts.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said public guide frequency comprises reference symbol.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, at least a portion of wherein said public guide frequency by time division multiplexing on first symbol of described frame.
9. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said public guide frequency further are placed in described a plurality of subframes in the described radio frame.
10. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said public guide frequency are at interval even basically in described radio frame.
11. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein per three or four OFDM symbol basic evenly intervals in described radio frame.
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