CN103987128A - Random access method based on single carrier TDMA and base station - Google Patents
Random access method based on single carrier TDMA and base station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a random access method based on a signal carrier TDMA and a base station. According to the method, networking is conducted based on a single carrier and TDMA access mode. A physical layer frame of the method comprises TDD wireless frames, the length of each TDD wireless frame is 10 ms, each TDD wireless frame comprises 10 time slots, and four continuous TDD wireless frames constitute a multi-frame, wherein the front two time slots and the later eight time slots of each TDD wireless frame are used as a carrier of a control channel and a carrier of a traffic channel respectively. The control channel comprises a broadcast control channel BCCH, a random access channel RACH, an access granted channel AGCH, a paging channel PCH, a dedicated control channel DCCH and a frequency correction channel FCCH, wherein an RACH time slot comprises a plurality of RACH sub time slots. According to the random access method based on the signal carrier, access time delay can be shortened, and the access capacity, the access speed and the transmission speed can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to time division multiple access (TDMA, time division multiple access) technical field, particularly relates to a kind of accidental access method and a kind of base station based on single carrier TDMA.
Background technology
Random access procedure is a significant process in wireless telecommunication system, is the important step in wireless access process, and in the tdma system of one of 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system), random access procedure has comprised important uplink synchronous process especially.Tdma system is the technology based on time division duplex, and this system adopts at the different time-gap of same frequency channels and receives and transmit data.
In the time being applied to global mobile communication (GSM, Global System of Mobile communication) system, tdma system carries out random access according to gsm protocol.But each Random Access Channel in gsm protocol (RACH, Random Access Channel) can only ensure that a terminal initiation accesses successfully at random, and, for single terminal, be not arbitrarily transmission opportunity of channel request message sequence, need to be at Common Control Channel (CCCH, Common Control Channel) the corresponding moment transmission of piece, and this CCCH piece is the corresponding CCCH of paging group (PAGING GROUP) under it, in general, in Yi Ge GSM community, the quantity of PAGING GROUP is 10 left and right, like this for single terminal, the time that it on average need to wait for 10 GSM tdma frames could be initiated random access, also be the time that current single terminal need to spend 46.15ms to complete random access.
To sum up, the random access scheme based on TDMA has the long shortcoming of access delay at present.And it can only ensure a terminal access simultaneously.In addition, its use be all GSM narrow band signal (single carrier frequency bandwidth is 200k), therefore there is the low and low shortcoming of transmission rate of access rate.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present application technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of accidental access method and a kind of base station based on single carrier TDMA, can shorten access delay, improves access capacity, access rate and transmission rate.
In order to address the above problem, the application discloses a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA, described method is carried out networking based on single carrier and TDMA access way, the physical layer frame of described method comprises TDD radio frames, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, described TDD radio frames comprises 10 time slots, a continuous multi-frame of 4 described TDD radio frames compositions, wherein, front 2 time slots of each described TDD radio frames and rear 8 time slots are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, described control channel comprises: BCCH channel of broadcast control, Random Access Channel RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, paging channel PCH, Dedicated Control Channel DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH, described RACH time slot comprises multiple RACH sub-slots,
Described method comprises:
In the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, broadcast BC CH message; Wherein, described BCCH message comprises frame number and system information, and described system information carries random access parameter, and described random access parameter comprises random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding;
The channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slot, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal;
In AGCH time slot, broadcast AGCH message; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
Preferably, the start time point of the described time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot poor, calculates the step of the Timing Advance of described terminal, comprising:
The length that the difference of the time point that described channel request message is arrived and the start time point of described BCCH time slot deducts BCCH time slot, again for the length delivery of described RACH sub-slots, obtains backhaul time delay;
Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as described terminal.
Preferably, described random access parameter also comprises one or more in following parameter: base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, maximumly repeat access request number of times, forbid accessing duration, business dispatching cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition after overtime.
Preferably, the length of described RACH time slot is 1.6ms, and described RACH time slot comprises 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
Preferably, described method also comprises: before the described BCCH message of broadcast, the modulation rate of described BCCH message is set according to the covering radius of described WLAN (wireless local area network).
On the other hand, disclosed herein as well is a kind of base station, networking is carried out based on single carrier and TDMA access way in described base station, the physical layer frame of described base station comprises TDD radio frames, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, described TDD radio frames comprises 10 time slots, a continuous multi-frame of 4 described TDD radio frames compositions, wherein, front 2 time slots of each described TDD radio frames and rear 8 time slots are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, described control channel comprises: BCCH channel of broadcast control, Random Access Channel RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, paging channel PCH, Dedicated Control Channel DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH, described RACH time slot comprises multiple RACH sub-slots,
Described base station comprises:
The first broadcast module, in the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, broadcast BC CH message; Wherein, described BCCH message comprises frame number and system information, and described system information carries random access parameter, and described random access parameter comprises random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding;
Timing Advance computing module, for the channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slot, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal; And
The second broadcast module, for broadcasting AGCH message in AGCH time slot; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
Preferably, described Timing Advance computing module comprises:
The first calculating sub module, the length that deducts BCCH time slot for the difference of the start time point of time point that described channel request message is arrived and described BCCH time slot, again for the length delivery of described RACH sub-slots, obtains backhaul time delay; And
The second calculating sub module, for the Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as described terminal.
Preferably, described random access parameter also comprises one or more in following parameter: base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, maximumly repeat access request number of times, forbid accessing duration, business dispatching cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition after overtime.
Preferably, the length of described RACH time slot is 1.6ms, and described RACH time slot comprises 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
Preferably, described base station also comprises: for before the described BCCH message of broadcast, arrange according to the covering radius of described WLAN (wireless local area network) described BCCH message modulation rate module is set.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present application comprises following advantage:
In the embodiment of the present application, for single terminal, it can pass through broadcast channel request message initiating random access procedure in the RACH time slot within each multiframe period, also be, single terminal only needs the time that spends 40ms can complete random access, therefore the random access with respect to the 46.15ms of existing gsm protocol is actual, the embodiment of the present application can be put forward the time delay that reduces random access;
And, the embodiment of the present application is multiple RACH sub-slots by RACH time slot Further Division, for single terminal, it can pass through broadcast channel request message initiating random access procedure in the arbitrary RACHRACH sub-slots within each multiframe period, the quantity of supposing RACH sub-slots is M, the embodiment of the present application can support that the user capacity of random access is M simultaneously, therefore only allow a terminal access with respect to existing gsm protocol, the embodiment of the present application can also improve the user capacity of supporting random access simultaneously;
In addition, the embodiment of the present application is carried out networking based on single carrier and TDMA access way, in actual applications, the physical layer of described single carrier can be followed the agreement of WLAN (wireless local area network) or the physical layer protocol of 4G LTE, and because the agreement bandwidth of the agreements of WLAN (wireless local area network) such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11c and the physical layer of 4G LTE is mostly on 20M, therefore the carrier frequency bandwidth of the 200k using with respect to existing GSM narrow band signal, the embodiment of the present application can also improve access rate and transmission rate greatly;
To sum up, the advantages such as the embodiment of the present application has that networking is very fast, access delay is shorter, support voice and realtime video transmission, can meet some real-time and networking time delay etc. are required to strict communication scenes.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of a kind of accidental access method embodiment based on single carrier TDMA of the application;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of TDD radio frames of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the mapping relations of a kind of logic channel of the embodiment of the present application and time slot;
Fig. 4 is the format sample of a kind of channel request message of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is the format sample of a kind of AGCH message of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of steps of the application example of a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA of the application;
Fig. 7 is the structured flowchart of a kind of base station embodiment of the application.
Embodiment
For the above-mentioned purpose, the feature and advantage that make the application can become apparent more, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the application is described in further detail.
Present inventor notices, adopt the wireless LAN communication system (as WiFi) of single carrier no doubt can reach higher bandwidth (up to tens to up to a hundred million), but its access way (CSMA based on carrier sense, Carrier Sense Multiple Access) networking time delay is larger, therefore cannot meet the requirement of real-time of mobile communication.
One of core idea of the embodiment of the present application is, carry out networking based on single carrier and TDMA access way, described networking can combine gsm communication system with the advantage of wireless LAN communication system (as WiFi), can reach quickly networking, the advantage such as support voice and realtime video transmission, meet some real-time and networking time delay etc. are required to strict communication scenes, as battlefield communication, the application scenarioss such as the little base station of broadband home.
In the accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA of the embodiment of the present application, the information of down link (forward link) and up link (reverse link) is to transmit on the different time-gap of same carrier frequency; And, because accidental access method is based on single carrier, therefore related basic physical channel characteristics determines by time slot.The embodiment of the present application agreement in addition, mobile radio terminal is in this article referred to as terminal (UE, User Equipment), and center main communication node is called base station (BS, Base Station).
With reference to Fig. 1, show the flow chart of steps of a kind of accidental access method embodiment based on single carrier TDMA of the application, described method is carried out networking based on single carrier and TDMA access way, the physical layer frame of described method specifically can comprise time division duplex (TDD, Time Division Duplexing) radio frames, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, described TDD radio frames specifically can comprise 10 time slots, a continuous multi-frame of 4 described TDD radio frames compositions, wherein, front 2 time slots of each described TDD radio frames and rear 8 time slots are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, described control channel specifically can comprise: Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH, Broadcast Control Channel), Random Access Channel (RACH, Random Access Channel), Access granted Channel AGCH (AGCH, Access Grant Channel), paging channel (PCH, Paging Channel), Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH, Dedicated Control CHannel) and frequency correction channel (FCCH, Frequency Correction Channel), described RACH time slot specifically can comprise multiple RACH sub-slots,
Described method specifically can comprise the steps:
Step 101, in the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, broadcast BC CH message; Wherein, described BCCH message specifically can comprise frame number and system information, described system information carries random access parameter, and described random access parameter specifically can comprise random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding;
Step 102, in RACH time slot the channel request message of receiving terminal, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal;
Step 103, in AGCH time slot, broadcast AGCH message; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
In the embodiment of the present application, for single terminal, it can pass through broadcast channel request message initiating random access procedure in the RACH time slot within each multiframe period, also be, single terminal only needs the time that spends 40ms can complete random access, therefore the random access with respect to the 46.15ms of existing gsm protocol is actual, the embodiment of the present application can be put forward the time delay that reduces random access;
And, the embodiment of the present application is multiple RACH sub-slots by RACH time slot Further Division, for single terminal, it can pass through broadcast channel request message initiating random access procedure in the arbitrary RACH sub-slots within each multiframe period, the quantity of supposing RACH sub-slots is M, the embodiment of the present application can support that the user capacity of random access is M simultaneously, therefore only allow a terminal access with respect to existing gsm protocol, the embodiment of the present application can also improve the user capacity of supporting random access simultaneously;
In addition, the embodiment of the present application is carried out networking based on single carrier and TDMA access way, in actual applications, the physical layer of described single carrier can be followed the agreement of WLAN (wireless local area network) or the physical layer protocol of 4G LTE, and because the agreement bandwidth of the agreements of WLAN (wireless local area network) such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11c and the physical layer of 4G LTE is mostly on 20M, therefore the carrier frequency bandwidth of the 200k using with respect to existing GSM narrow band signal, the embodiment of the present application can also improve access rate and transmission rate greatly;
To sum up, the advantages such as the embodiment of the present application has that networking is very fast, access delay is shorter, support voice and realtime video transmission, can meet some real-time and networking time delay etc. are required to strict communication scenes.
For making those skilled in the art understand better the embodiment of the present application, introduce in detail the structure of TDD radio frames at this.
With reference to Fig. 2, show the structural representation of a kind of TDD radio frames of the embodiment of the present application, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, in each TDD radio frames, there are 10 time slots (slot), continuous 4 frames multi-frames of composition (multiframe), continuous 16384 multi-frames superframes of composition (superframe).
With reference to Fig. 3, show the schematic diagram of the mapping relations of a kind of logic channel of the embodiment of the present application and time slot, wherein the cycle period of logic channel is 40ms, i.e. the duration of a multi-frame.The first two time slot allocation of every frame is to control channel, and then 8 time slot allocation are to Traffic Channel.Be a multi-frame dispatching cycle of Traffic Channel in Fig. 2 (hereinafter to be referred as business dispatching cycle), but be appreciated that, base station can be according to current telephone traffic and type of service, this business is made as to 1/2 multi-frame (i.e. 2 speeds) and 1/4 multi-frame (i.e. 4 speeds) etc. dispatching cycle, and this business can be arranged on dispatching cycle in system message (System Information) content of BCCH channel.
Except the corresponding time slot of BCCH is that the corresponding time slot of 0.4ms and RACH is 1.6ms, the corresponding time slot of all the other channels is 1ms.
The related all logic channels of TDD radio frames specifically can comprise:
1、BCCH；
BCCH is descending transmission channel, be used for transmitting BCCH message, described BCCH message specifically can comprise frame number (Frame Num) and system information, described system information carries random access parameter, described random access parameter specifically can comprise: random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding; Described random number term of reference value is the foundation that end side is determined transmission opportunity of channel request message.
In actual applications, can distribute the gap more in short-term that duration is 0.4ms for BCCH, certainly, 0.4ms is as application example, and is not understood to the application restric-tion of the embodiment of the present application, and also, other slot length is also feasible, for example 0.6ms.
Suppose that RA Ref_Num represents described random number term of reference value, terminal can be randomly { 0 so, 1, RA Ref_Num } in choose a numerical value, suppose that the value of choosing is N, and, terminal can receive after 400+N × 100 microsecond of BCCH message, sends a channel request message to base station.
In a kind of application example of the application, the form of described BCCH message specifically can comprise: the fields such as frame control (Frame Control), duration (Duration ID), frame number (Frame Num), system information (System Information) and Frame Check Sequence (FCS), and the length of described field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 4 bytes; Frame Control field wherein further comprises the fields such as Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=BCCH, To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order.
With reference to table 1, show the format sample of the random access parameter carrying in a kind of BCCH message of the embodiment of the present application, it,, except above-mentioned random number term of reference value, can also comprise: base station identifier BS ID, uplink transmission power value RA Power Level, maximum repeat access request number of times MaxRetrans, forbid accessing duration T_wait, business Rate_Type dispatching cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition etc. after overtime.
Table 1
2、RACH；
RACH is uplink transport channel, proposes at random to network application with a Traffic Channel of request distribution for terminal.In practice, in the time that terminal has business demand, for example to base station login, when having transmitting uplink data or having downlink data to arrive, terminal needs initiating random access procedure first, proposes the application that networks to base station; Particularly, terminal can adopt broadcast mode to send a channel request message (RACH message) to base station, and transmitting power meets the setting of RA Power Level parameter; In channel request message, portability has the base station identifier of the access will applied for and the identifier of terminal self.
In actual applications, for the user capacity that ensures to access simultaneously, can distribute longer time slot (as 1.6ms) for RACH; And, can be multiple isometric RACH sub-slots by corresponding RACH time slot Further Division, the quantity of described RACH sub-slots can be 4,8,16 etc., wherein, be 16 o'clock in the quantity of described RACH sub-slots, each RACH sub-slots is long for 0.1ms, can support 16 terminals to access simultaneously.Certainly, above-mentioned 1.6ms is just as an example, is appreciated that in the demand of user capacity hour, also can be for RACH distributes other time slot, and as 1ms, 0.8ms etc., the embodiment of the present application is not limited the length of concrete RACH time slot.
With reference to Fig. 4, show the format sample of a kind of channel request message of the embodiment of the present application, specifically can comprise: the fields such as frame control (Frame Control), duration (Duration ID), base station identifier (BSID), terminal identifier (UE ID), reservation (Reserved) and Frame Check Sequence (FCS), the length of described field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 2 bytes, 3 bytes and 4 bytes; Frame Control field wherein further comprises the fields such as Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=RACH, To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order; The reserved field is here the symmetry in order to keep BCCH message and two kinds of message sequences of RACH message.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the form of channel request message is fairly simple, only needs to comprise to apply for the base station identifier of access and the identifier of terminal self.
3、AGCH；
AGCH is descending transmission channel, and the AGCH message of its carrying, for described channel request message is made and being replied, can carry mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
With reference to Fig. 5, show the format sample of a kind of AGCH message of the embodiment of the present application, specifically can comprise: the fields such as frame control (Frame Control), duration (Duration ID), base station identifier (BS ID), AGCH carrying (AGCH Pay Load) and Frame Check Sequence (FCS), the length of described field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 0-1024 byte and 4 bytes; Frame Control field wherein further comprises the fields such as Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=AGCH, To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order; Duration represents the length of AGCH Pay Load; And, in AGCH Pay Load form, the information such as time-gap number and up-downlink direction that has indicated in detail Timing Advance TA, distributed for each UE.
With reference to table 2, show the format sample of the AGCH Pay Load carrying in a kind of AGCH message of the embodiment of the present application, it specifically can comprise UE mark (UE ID), Timing Advance TA(Time Advanced), distribute and finish mark (Flag), link direction (Direction), tdma frame number (MulFrame_Num), timeslot number (Slot_Num) and filler (Padding) etc.
Table 2
4、PCH；
PCH is descending transmission channel, for transmitting the information of base station calling terminal, conventionally adopts the mode of point-to-multipoint to propagate.
In a kind of application example of the application, the form of described PCH message specifically can comprise: the fields such as frame control (Frame Control), duration (Duration ID), base station identifier (BS ID), PCH carrying (PCH Pay Load) and Frame Check Sequence (FCS), and the length of described field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 0-1024 byte and 4 bytes; Frame Control field wherein further comprises the fields such as Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=PCH, To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order; The Duration here represents the length of PCH Pay Load; And, in PCH Pay Load form, indicated in detail the information such as paging type for each UE.
With reference to table 3, show the format sample of the PCH Pay Load carrying in a kind of PCH message of the embodiment of the present application, it specifically can comprise that UE mark (UE ID), paging finish mark (Flag), paging type (Direction), retain (Reserved) and filler (Padding) etc.
Table 3
5、DCCH；
The DCCH of the embodiment of the present application specifically can comprise Separate Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH, Stand-Alone Dedicated Control Channel) and assist at a slow speed control channel (SACCH, SlowAssociated Control Channel); Be appreciated that those skilled in the art can adopt the message format of various DCCH according to the actual requirements, the embodiment of the present application is not limited the message format of concrete DCCH.
6、FCCH、
FCCH is descending transmission channel, can be used for the information of transmission for its operating frequency of end correction, and terminal does not need FCCH information to decode and can complete frequency rectification.
In a kind of application example of the application, the form of described FCCH message specifically can comprise: the fields such as frame control (Frame Control), duration (Duration ID), base station identifier (BS ID), FCCH carrying (FCCH Pay Load) and Frame Check Sequence (FCS), and the length of described field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 500 bytes and 4 bytes; Frame Control field wherein further comprises the fields such as Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=FCCH, To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order; The FCCH Pay Load length is here fixed as 500 bytes, and is entirely set to 0, i.e. the signal of base station radiation in FCCH time slot is a pure sine wave, therefore can facilitate terminal to carry out frequency point scanning.
7、TCH。
TCH is transmitted in both directions channel, be mainly used to the business datum of the paging types such as transmission of digital speech, data or video, also be that TCH time interval resource is the resource that base station is distributed for the channel request message of terminal, communicate in the process of connection in terminal, exclusively take this TCH time interval resource until after sign off, again this TCH time interval resource is regained by base station.
In a kind of application example of the application, the form of described TCH message specifically can comprise: the fields such as frame control (Frame Control), duration (Duration ID), base station identifier (BS ID), TCH carrying (TCH Pay Load) and Frame Check Sequence (FCS), and the length of described field is respectively 2 bytes, 2 bytes, 1 byte, 0-1000 byte and 2 bytes; Frame Control field wherein further comprises the fields such as Protocol, Type Control, Sub Type=TCH, To DS, From DS, More Frag, Retry, Power Management, More Data, Protected Frame and Order; The TCH Pay Load here can be set to be no more than 1000 bytes.
It should be noted that, for tdma system, on the one hand in system, between each communication node, obtaining time synchronized all has certain error scope, and in system, in each communication node, clock consistency aspect separately exists error on the other hand; Therefore, the place that the embodiment of the present application can start or finish at each time slot arranges protection interval, prevents that two adjacent communication node from clashing.In general in protection interval, be, to arrange to carry out any transmitting-receiving.In specific implementation, the corresponding time slot of other channel except BCCH and RACH channel can arrange respectively the Time Guard Interval of size for 50us before and after signal transmission.
In a kind of application example of the application, suppose to adopt the physical layer of 802.11a, it is 24Mbps that bit rate is set, the size of data that can transmit in 900us is so:
Therefore, each channel massage length is set to below 1100 bytes, can ensure can be in the time slot of specifying end of transmission, can other time slots not produced and be disturbed.
Random access procedure embodiment mono-being related at this describes in detail.
In wireless communication protocol, random access is generally the key of multi-user's networking success or failure, especially, for tdma system, important object of terminal initiating random access procedure is the Timing Advance TA that request base station measurement obtains himself, passing through this terminal of AGCH channel notification by base station again, thereby make terminal and base station obtain time synchronized, is also that time synchronized is vital factor in tdma system.
Just start shooting or initially entered in the cellular cell that can be covered by base station when a terminal, can first obtain by frequency spectrum search the frequency that this base station is used, and the frequency of self be adjusted to consistent with base station.Then start periodically to receive and the BCCH message of the base station of decoding.And, in the time that terminal has business demand, for example to base station login, have transmitting uplink data or have downlink data arrive time, can pass through channel request message initiating random access procedure, to base station application physical channel (in the embodiment of the present application, physical channel refers in particular to time slot), also initiate the random access procedure of TDMA.
The length of supposing BCCH time slot is 400us, and so, in step 101, base station can be in the start time point broadcast BC CH of this BCCH time slot message; Described BCCH message specifically can comprise frame number and system information, described system information carries random access parameter, described random access parameter specifically can comprise random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding; The quantity of supposing described RACH sub-slots is 16, so RA Ref_Num=15.
For terminal, it is successfully being decoded and is obtaining after the BCCH message of base station broadcast, can start immediately local clock, and randomly { 0,1,15 } in, choose a numerical value, suppose that the value of choosing is N, terminal can be after the microsecond of 400+N × 100, broadcast a channel request message, in this channel request message, can carry the base station identifier of application access and the identifier of terminal self.
And base station is receiving after the channel request message of terminal broadcast, meeting is poor according to the start time point of the time point of described channel request message arrival and described BCCH time slot, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal.In a preferred embodiment of the present application, described computing time, the step of lead specifically can comprise:
The length that the difference of the time point that described channel request message is arrived and the start time point of described BCCH time slot deducts BCCH time slot is again for the length delivery of described RACH sub-slots, can obtain backhaul time delay, and Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as this terminal.
The difference of supposing the time point of described channel request message arrival and the start time point of described BCCH time slot is T_offset, and the length of BCCH time slot is 400us, and the length of described RACH sub-slots is 100us, and Timing Advance TA can be expressed as so:
TA＝((T_offset-400)mod100)/2 （2）
For described channel request message is made and being replied, AGCH message can be broadcasted in base station in AGCH time slot; Described AGCH message within identical multiframe period, to facilitate terminal to receive, is also that terminal is being sent after channel request message with described channel request message, can keep accepting state at whole AGCH time slot.
In actual applications, in described AGCH message, can carry the mark, Timing Advance of the terminal that allows access, the information such as time-gap number and up-downlink direction of distributing (specifically can with reference to table 2).
Described AGCH message specifically can comprise following situation:
Situation 1,
For terminal, if contain the mark (ID of this terminal in AGCH message, Identity) and the time-gap number distributing (Traffic Channel TCH), terminal just starts to pass through distributed Traffic Channel from current TDD radio frames and carries out the communication processes such as authentication and encryption and follow-up business data transmission so.
Situation 2,
If do not contain ID and the distribution state of this terminal in AGCH message, terminal can be thought this random access failure, and in the RACH time slot of next multiframe period initiating random access procedure again.
Situation 3,
If contain the ID of this terminal in AGCH message, but base station clearly indicates it to abandon access, and this terminal stops random access procedure immediately, and monitors all the time AGCH time slot, until time interval resource is distributed for it in base station; And if the number of times of the continuous random access request failure of terminal is greater than the threshold value MaxRetrans of setting, this terminal is abandoned access, and through again initiating random access request after T_wait after a while; Wherein, forbidding this terminal initiation access request within this T_wait time period, is to cause the access of whole base station congested for fear of too much random access request.
It should be noted that, in order to improve the reception of BCCH message and channel request message and to be decoded into power, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, can this BCCH message and the modulation rate of channel request message be set to 6Mbps, like this, channel request message is consuming time in the transmission of antenna end is 30us ± 1, and in RACH time slot, each RACH sub-slots is 100us, and the radius of society that base station can cover is in such cases in theory:
R＝3×10
8×70×10
-6÷2＝10.5km （3）
And under normal circumstances the covering radius of 802.11a in hundred meters, so the radius of society Proper Match that the WLAN (wireless local area network) of 802.11a can be corresponding with above-mentioned modulation rate.
Be appreciated that those skilled in the art can arrange neatly according to the covering radius of WLAN (wireless local area network) the modulation rate of BCCH message and channel request message, to obtain and the radius of society of the covering radius Proper Match of WLAN (wireless local area network).
In addition, in some embodiment of the application, need to utilize synchronization and detection of loss of mains to make the terminal under connection status keep synchronizeing with base station end.The basic thought of synchronization is: the departure of the channel request message arrival time point of base station side and the start time point of BCCH time slot is measured continuously in base station in communication connection process, generate the Timing Advance TA for terminal according to measurement result, and by channel associated signalling, Timing Advance TA is notified to terminal; And terminal can, according to Timing Advance TA, be adjusted local clock at the time started of next TDD radio frames point.
In actual applications, terminal under connection status can be continuous intercept base station the S0 of each 1/4Multiple Frame time slot send BCCH message, whether the time point that detects this BCCH message incoming terminal drops on is synchronously held time in window, this synchronously holds time window centered by the TA of continuous measurement desired value, window width can according to random when access base station core context determine.If the time point of BCCH message incoming terminal drops in time to lose lock window, can in current TDD radio frames (being also 1/4Multiple Frame), carry out up-downgoing transfer of data, and the desired value of Timing Advance TA is weighted to renewal; If the time point of BCCH message incoming terminal drops on time to lose lock outside window, this terminal can not carried out the up/down row transfer of data of any data in this TDD radio frames.
Aspect detection of loss of mains, can adopt base station side to add the method for time window, this time window is centered by the TA of continuous measurement desired value, and window width is determined by the core context of base station.If the continuous time point that records BCCH message incoming terminal for 3 times of base station side drops on outside time window, can think clock step-out of this terminal.
If in like manner base station side continuous 3 times not in the up/down row time slot of distributing to this terminal (Traffic Channel) transfer of data detected, so also can think that this terminal traffic stops and corresponding time interval resource is reclaimed.
In practice, in the time that terminal detects clock step-out, can in the RACH of next TDD radio frames time slot, initiate heavy synchronizing process, this process is referring to above-mentioned random access procedure.
In addition, it should be noted that, except broadcast BC CH message in the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, base station can also be in the FCCH of each multiframe period time slot and PCH time slot, broadcast FCCH message and PCH message; Wherein, described FCCH message can be used for the spectrum information of transmission terminal, and PCH message can be used for transmitting the information of base station calling terminal.
For making those skilled in the art understand better the application, with reference to Fig. 6, show the flow chart of steps of the application example of a kind of accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA of the application, specifically can comprise:
Community is set up in step 601, base station;
In practice, cellular cell can, according to core context and base station deployment configuration situation, be set up in base station, and one or more cellular cells can be supported in one of them base station.Particularly, can first determine identifier (BS ID), the communication frequency of community, up and down power size, the coverage radius of cell of this community according to core context, the information such as current frame number; Then start the reference clock in this community, as reference clock; Then, generate and start periodically to broadcast FCCH message, BCCH message and PCH message.Conventionally, base station can be in first time slot of FCCH message next frame broadcast BC CH message.
Step 602, terminal are caught the frequency of current area by spectrum scan, and after acquisition success, start local clock;
In the time that a terminal has just been started shooting or has initially been entered in the cellular cell that can be covered by base station, can carry out spectrum scan, receive FCCH message, but do not need decoding.
In specific implementation, can first search for all radio frequency (RF, Radio Frequency) frequency, then on each RF channel, read the signal strength signal intensity of reception, extract 5 from different RF channels at least respectively and measure sampling point, calculate average level, and select the carrier wave of average level maximum as the carrier frequency point of current base station, finally the frequency of terminal oneself is adjusted to consistent with base station.
Step 603, terminal receive and resolve the BCCH message of base station broadcast;
When capture terminal is after the frequency of current area, start local clock, start to attempt decoding BCCH message, and after BCCH message is successfully decoded, upgrade local clock.The parameter that terminal need to obtain from BCCH message is as shown in table 1, specifically can comprise the random access parameter carrying in frame number and system information.
Step 604, terminal adopt broadcast mode to base station channel request message;
In the time that terminal has business demand, for example to base station login, when having transmitting uplink data or having downlink data to arrive, terminal needs initiating random access procedure first, to base station application physical channel.
The step of described initiating random access procedure specifically can comprise: terminal is randomly { 0,1, RARef_Num } in choose a numerical value, suppose that the value of choosing is N, so, terminal is receiving after 400+N × 100 microsecond of BCCH message, adopt broadcast mode to send a channel request message to base station, transmitting power meets the setting of RA Power Level parameter.
The channel request message of step 605, base station receiving terminal in RACH time slot, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal;
AGCH message is broadcasted in step 606, base station in AGCH time slot; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message;
Terminal is being sent after access request, can keep accepting state at whole AGCH time slot, base station can allow in this AGCH time slot broadcast the Termination ID of access, the information such as time-gap number and up-downlink direction that has indicated in detail Timing Advance TA, distributed for each UE.
Step 607, terminal are carried out the synchronization under connection status;
Detection of loss of mains is carried out in step 608, base station;
Step 609, in the time meeting prerequisite, resource recovery and reallocation are carried out in base station.
Described resource reclaims corresponding prerequisite and is specifically as follows: if base station side continuous 3 times not in the up/down row time slot of distributing to this terminal (Traffic Channel) transfer of data detected, so also can think that this terminal traffic stops and corresponding time interval resource is reclaimed.
Prerequisite corresponding to described reallocation is specifically as follows: in the time that certain terminal communication finishes, can send to base station a specific channel releasing request, base station can be designated idle condition by Traffic Channel corresponding to described channel releasing request, and put into resource pool and distribute for follow-up scheduling of resource, the ID of this terminal is put into base station idle-state terminals list simultaneously.
Lot of experimental data shows, the embodiment of the present application can meet the wireless communication needs of Millisecond requirement of real-time, hundred Millisecond networking time delays and more than million grades bandwidth simultaneously.
It should be noted that, for embodiment of the method, for simple description, therefore it is all expressed as to a series of combination of actions, but those skilled in the art should know, the embodiment of the present application is not subject to the restriction of described sequence of movement, because according to the embodiment of the present application, some step can adopt other orders or carry out simultaneously.Secondly, those skilled in the art also should know, the embodiment described in specification all belongs to preferred embodiment, and related action might not be that the embodiment of the present application is necessary.
With reference to Fig. 7, show the structured flowchart of a kind of base station embodiment of the application, networking is carried out based on single carrier and TDMA access way in described base station, the physical layer frame of described base station specifically can comprise TDD radio frames, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, described TDD radio frames comprises 10 time slots, a continuous multi-frame of 4 described TDD radio frames compositions, wherein, front 2 time slots of each described TDD radio frames and rear 8 time slots are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, described control channel specifically can comprise: BCCH channel of broadcast control, Random Access Channel RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, paging channel PCH, Dedicated Control Channel DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH, described RACH time slot specifically can comprise multiple RACH sub-slots,
Described base station specifically can comprise as lower module:
The first broadcast module 701, in the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, broadcast BC CH message; Wherein, described BCCH message comprises frame number and system information, and described system information carries random access parameter, and described random access parameter comprises random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding;
Timing Advance computing module 702, for the channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slot, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal; And
The second broadcast module 703, for broadcasting AGCH message in AGCH time slot; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, described Timing Advance computing module 702 specifically can comprise:
The first calculating sub module, the length that deducts BCCH time slot for the difference of the start time point of time point that described channel request message is arrived and described BCCH time slot, again for the length delivery of described RACH sub-slots, obtains backhaul time delay; And
The second calculating sub module, for the Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as described terminal.
In another preferred embodiment of the present application, described random access parameter can also comprise one or more in following parameter: base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, maximumly repeat access request number of times, forbid accessing duration, business dispatching cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition after overtime.
In another preferred embodiment of the application, the length of described RACH time slot is 1.6ms, and described RACH time slot comprises 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
In the embodiment of the present application, preferably, described base station can also comprise: for before the described BCCH message of broadcast, arrange according to the covering radius of described WLAN (wireless local area network) described BCCH message modulation rate module is set
For device embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part is referring to the part explanation of embodiment of the method.
Each embodiment in this specification all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and the difference of other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
Those skilled in the art should understand, the embodiment of the embodiment of the present application can be provided as method, device or computer program.Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can adopt complete hardware implementation example, completely implement software example or the form in conjunction with the embodiment of software and hardware aspect.And the embodiment of the present application can adopt the form at one or more upper computer programs of implementing of computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disc store, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) that wherein include computer usable program code.
The embodiment of the present application is with reference to describing according to flow chart and/or the block diagram of the method for the embodiment of the present application, terminal equipment (system) and computer program.Should understand can be by the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or block diagram and/or square frame and flow chart and/or block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.Can provide these computer program instructions to the processor of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing terminal equipment to produce a machine, the instruction that makes to carry out by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment produces the device for realizing the function of specifying at flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in energy vectoring computer or the computer-readable memory of other programmable data processing terminal equipment with ad hoc fashion work, the instruction that makes to be stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture that comprises command device, and this command device is realized the function of specifying in flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded on computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment, make to carry out sequence of operations step to produce computer implemented processing on computer or other programmable terminal equipment, thereby the instruction of carrying out is provided for realizing the step of the function of specifying in flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame on computer or other programmable terminal equipment.
Although described the preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present application, once those skilled in the art obtain the basic creative concept of cicada, can make other change and amendment to these embodiment.So claims are intended to be interpreted as comprising preferred embodiment and fall into all changes and the amendment of the embodiment of the present application scope.
Finally, also it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as the first and second grades is only used for an entity or operation to separate with another entity or operating space, and not necessarily requires or imply and between these entities or operation, have the relation of any this reality or sequentially.And, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thereby the process, method, article or the terminal equipment that make to comprise a series of key elements not only comprise those key elements, but also comprise other key elements of clearly not listing, or be also included as the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or terminal equipment.The in the situation that of more restrictions not, the key element being limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the terminal equipment that comprises described key element and also have other identical element.
A kind of accidental access method and a kind of base station based on single carrier TDMA above the application being provided, be described in detail, applied principle and the execution mode of specific case to the application herein and set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand the application's method and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the application's thought, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as the restriction to the application meanwhile.
Claims (10)
1. the accidental access method based on single carrier TDMA, it is characterized in that, described method is carried out networking based on single carrier and TDMA access way, the physical layer frame of described method comprises TDD radio frames, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, described TDD radio frames comprises 10 time slots, a continuous multi-frame of 4 described TDD radio frames compositions, wherein, front 2 time slots of each described TDD radio frames and rear 8 time slots are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, described control channel comprises: BCCH channel of broadcast control, Random Access Channel RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, paging channel PCH, Dedicated Control Channel DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH, described RACH time slot comprises multiple RACH sub-slots,
Described method comprises:
In the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, broadcast BC CH message; Wherein, described BCCH message comprises frame number and system information, and described system information carries random access parameter, and described random access parameter comprises random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding;
The channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slot, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal;
In AGCH time slot, broadcast AGCH message; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the start time point of the described time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot poor calculated the step of the Timing Advance of described terminal, comprising:
The length that the difference of the time point that described channel request message is arrived and the start time point of described BCCH time slot deducts BCCH time slot, again for the length delivery of described RACH sub-slots, obtains backhaul time delay;
Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as described terminal.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described random access parameter also comprises one or more in following parameter: base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, maximumly repeat access request number of times, forbid accessing duration, business dispatching cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition after overtime.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the length of described RACH time slot is 1.6ms, and described RACH time slot comprises 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: before the described BCCH message of broadcast, the modulation rate of described BCCH message is set according to the covering radius of described WLAN (wireless local area network).
6. a base station, it is characterized in that, networking is carried out based on single carrier and TDMA access way in described base station, the physical layer frame of described base station comprises TDD radio frames, the length of described TDD radio frames is 10ms, described TDD radio frames comprises 10 time slots, a continuous multi-frame of 4 described TDD radio frames compositions, wherein, front 2 time slots of each described TDD radio frames and rear 8 time slots are respectively as the carrying of control channel and Traffic Channel, described control channel comprises: BCCH channel of broadcast control, Random Access Channel RACH, Access granted Channel AGCH AGCH, paging channel PCH, Dedicated Control Channel DCCH and frequency correction channel FCCH, described RACH time slot comprises multiple RACH sub-slots,
Described base station comprises:
The first broadcast module, in the BCCH of each multiframe period time slot, broadcast BC CH message; Wherein, described BCCH message comprises frame number and system information, and described system information carries random access parameter, and described random access parameter comprises random number term of reference value, and the quantity of described random number term of reference value and described RACH sub-slots is corresponding;
Timing Advance computing module, for the channel request message of receiving terminal in RACH time slot, and the start time point of the time point arriving according to described channel request message and described BCCH time slot is poor, calculates the Timing Advance of described terminal; And
The second broadcast module, for broadcasting AGCH message in AGCH time slot; Described AGCH message, for described channel request message is made and being replied, carries mark, Timing Advance, the time-gap number distributing and the up-downlink direction of the terminal that allows access in described AGCH message.
7. base station according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described Timing Advance computing module comprises:
The first calculating sub module, the length that deducts BCCH time slot for the difference of the start time point of time point that described channel request message is arrived and described BCCH time slot, again for the length delivery of described RACH sub-slots, obtains backhaul time delay; And
The second calculating sub module, for the Timing Advance using the half of backhaul time delay as described terminal.
8. base station according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described random access parameter also comprises one or more in following parameter: base station identifier, uplink transmission power value, maximumly repeat access request number of times, forbid accessing duration, business dispatching cycle and uplink/downlink frames configuring condition after overtime.
9. base station according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the length of described RACH time slot is 1.6ms, and described RACH time slot comprises 8 or 16 RACH sub-slots.
10. base station according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises: for before the described BCCH message of broadcast, arrange according to the covering radius of described WLAN (wireless local area network) described BCCH message modulation rate module is set.
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