CN103983881A - Fault diagnosis method and device for nuclear detector - Google Patents
Fault diagnosis method and device for nuclear detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN103983881A CN103983881A CN201410248345.9A CN201410248345A CN103983881A CN 103983881 A CN103983881 A CN 103983881A CN 201410248345 A CN201410248345 A CN 201410248345A CN 103983881 A CN103983881 A CN 103983881A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault diagnosis method and device for a nuclear detector. The fault diagnosis device is connected with the nuclear detector, under the normal working condition, signal data of a digital forming circuit, a simulation amplification circuit and a nuclear probe of the nuclear detector are collected through the fault diagnosis device, characteristic information of the nuclear detector can be extracted in a data processing manner, and a data information base in a normal state can be established by extracting the characteristic values of the data. When faults occur or are about to occur, one or more of characteristic parameter information can be changed, so as to be different from parameter information under the normal working condition. When the nuclear detector is used for monitoring or detecting, the characteristic parameter can be obtained through acquiring the obtained data and by adopting a data analysis method, whether the nuclear detector has an abnormal fault is judged by difference through comparing the characteristic parameter and the information of the data information base, and the type and the position of the faults can be judged, so that the intelligent judgment on the faults of the nuclear detector can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automation control area, especially for method for diagnosing faults and the device of nuclear radiation detector.
Background technology
Nuclear radiation detector is as the important nuclear radiation measurement instrument of one in nuclear science research, and it is the source that obtains various radiation informations.Nuclear detector output signal-noise ratio is low, and background clutter is strong, is usually operated in again in the rugged surroundings of high temperature, high radiation, and nuclear detector is easily broken down.
At present, in order to ensure to control reliability, maintenanceability and the security of supervisory system, conventionally by manual inspection nuclear detector, although manual inspection nuclear detector can be found some obvious physical damage, but can not perceive the fault of nuclear detector inherence, and there is higher radiation the erecting stage of most nuclear detectors, remove artificially to find and repair these instrument failures and be difficult to accomplish timely and effective, and patrol officer's health also can be subject to the harm of intense radiation and the toxic and harmful of production scene.The character order of severity and the position of correct decision nuclear detector fault, often require operating personnel to have rich experience, to controlling the deep understanding of supervisory system, otherwise may occur failing to judge, erroneous judgement, maloperation.
Traditional nuclear detector 1 is as shown in the dotted line frame in accompanying drawing 1, comprise wave-shaping circuit 1-1, analog amplify circuit 1-2 and core probe 1-3, the core probe first signal output terminal b1 of 1-3 and the first signal input end c1 of analog amplify circuit 1-2 are connected, and the first signal output terminal c2 of analog amplify circuit 1-2 is connected with the first signal input end e1 of wave-shaping circuit 1-1.Under instrument digitizing and Intelligent Developing Trends, there is the requirement of automatic fault intelligent diagnostics in nuclear detector.Therefore, finding accurately and rapidly and solve in time nuclear detector fault just becomes very and is necessary.
Summary of the invention
The automatic fault diagnosis method and the device that the object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of nuclear detector.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method for diagnosing faults of nuclear detector, the signal output part of the D/A converter in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input end c3 of the analog amplify circuit in nuclear detector, the secondary signal output terminal c4 of analog amplify circuit is connected with the d1 of the multiselect switch in trouble-shooter end, the secondary signal output terminal a2 of the CPU processor in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input end e2 of the wave-shaping circuit in nuclear detector, the signal output part e3 of wave-shaping circuit is connected with the 3rd signal input part a3 of CPU processor, the secondary signal output terminal b2 of the core probe in nuclear detector is connected with the signal input part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter.
Under nuclear detector nominal situation, gather the signal data of wave-shaping circuit, analog amplify circuit and core probe by failure detector, start with from statistical indicator, the time-frequency domain index of nuclear detector signal, extract the characteristic information of nuclear detector by the mode of data processing, thereby set up data message storehouse under normal condition, and be stored in CPU processor.
Described statistical indicator comprises mean value, mean square value, effective value, peak index, kurtosis index.
In the time that fault occurs or be about to occur, one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information changes, be different from the parameter information under nominal situation, obtain characteristic parameter now by the method for data analysis, with the parameter information contrast under the nominal situation being stored in CPU processor, whether break down extremely by its diversity judgement nuclear detector, and judge fault type, position, realize the intelligent decision to nuclear detector fault, guide maintenance personnel safeguard.
Its concrete detection method is as follows:
A, the core probe high-tension electricity potential source of nuclear detector detects, multiselect switch in trouble-shooter is connected with the signal output part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter, the high-tension electricity potential source of core probe is after the conversion of high-low pressure voltage detection module, utilize the conversion value of the A/D converter collection high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter, CPU processor in trouble-shooter by A/D converter obtain after data with failure detector in the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module contrast, and monitor its difference by the long period and judge high-voltage power supply drift, permanent deviation fault.While contrast with the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module, multiselect switch transition is arrived and is connected with reference voltage module.
B, the fault detect of the analog amplify circuit of nuclear detector, multiselect switch is connected with the signal output part of analog amplify circuit, CPU processor produces the standard signal of core probe output by the D/A converter in barrier pick-up unit, be applied to analog amplify circuit, and gather the response wave shape of analog amplify circuit with A/D converter, because components and parts and the circuit connecting mode of analog amplify circuit are known, therefore can obtain the transport function of analog amplify circuit, by the result of calculation contrast of the response wave shape analysis to circuit and transfer function model, whether and fault type the fault of judging analog amplify circuit, as determine the components and parts that break down in analog amplify circuit while breaking down.
The fault detect of the wave-shaping circuit of C, nuclear detector, CPU processor directly sends specific digit pulse to wave-shaping circuit, by detecting the pulse output of wave-shaping circuit, and be stored in normal pulse waveform Characteristic Contrast in CPU processor, thereby whether judge wave-shaping circuit fault.
The fault detect of D, nuclear detector output signal, utilizes the signal output waveform of A/D converter sampling nuclear detector, and by contrasting with the statistical indicator, the time-frequency domain index that are stored in CPU processor, judges the fault of nuclear detector.
The pulse waveform of nuclear detector output depends on characteristic, sonde configuration, electronics and incident particle kind and the energy of nuclear detector.When core pulse waveform parameter changes, can judge position and the reason whether nuclear detector breaks down and break down according to core pulse waveform parameter attribute.Described core pulse waveform parameter comprises that time statistical indicator falls in mean value, mean square value, effective value, peak value, pulse edge rise time, pulse edge.
Nuclear detector signal statistics:
1) pulse height distribution meets normal distribution:
(formula 1)
Wherein, the probability that P (A) is pulse height,
for average amplitude,
for amplitude standard deviation, determined by detector intrinsic energy resolution rate,
(formula 2)
2) impulsive noise distributes and meets normal distribution law.
Noise signal in nuclear electronics is mainly shot noise nuclear heat noise, and its probability density function becomes Gauss normal distribution
(formula 3)
In formula
average noise,
it is the mean-squared departure of noise voltage voltage.
3) pulse interval meets exponential distribution rule:
(formula 4)
Wherein, the average counter rate (radioactivity A) that ICRt is pulse, unit/s.
First determination methods comprises carries out pre-service to the signal of nuclear detector under system nominal situation, gets rid of noise contained in collection signal and rough error; Secondly adopt the method for data analysis to carry out feature information extraction for the signal after processing, and set up Mishap Database for different faults.In the time that nuclear detector is monitored, need from the signal waveform of obtaining, extract the eigenwert of data, the characteristic information after processing and in the Mishap Database of setting up is before this compared, thereby nuclear detector is carried out to fault detect and Fault Identification.Wherein the extraction of eigenwert can realize by surveying signal facture, time-domain and frequency-domain method and core pulse waveform characteristic method data analysing method, thus detection, identification, the location of having realized nuclear detector output signal failure.
The trouble-shooter that said method adopts comprises CPU processor, D/A converter, high-low pressure voltage detection module, reference voltage module, multiselect switch and A/D converter, the first signal output terminal a1 of CPU processor is connected with D/A converter signal input part, the signal output part of high-low pressure voltage detection module is connected with the d2 end of multiselect switch, the signal output part of reference voltage module is connected with the d3 end of multiselect switch, the output terminal of multiselect switch is connected with A/D converter signal input part, the signal output part of A/D converter is connected with the 4th signal input part a4 of CPU processor, the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor is connected with the multiselect switch control end of multiselect switch, controlled the conversion of multiselect switch by the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
The present invention is by detecting core probe high-voltage power supply, the analog amplify circuit of nuclear detector, the output signal of digital forming circuit, and signal is carried out to data analysis, with the characteristic information under nominal situation as a reference, the data that produce by analyzing same fault, obtain the characteristic information of fault, the fault of nuclear detector is divided and set up Mishap Database.With after fault database Data Comparison, can detect failure exception, expect fault progression direction by failure mode, guide maintenance personnel solve fault fast and accurately.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, detailed structure of the present invention is further described.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the connection diagram of trouble-shooter of the present invention and nuclear detector.
Embodiment
A kind of method for diagnosing faults of nuclear detector, the signal output part of the D/A converter in trouble-shooter 3 is connected with the secondary signal input end c3 of the analog amplify circuit 1-2 in nuclear detector 1, the secondary signal output terminal c4 of analog amplify circuit 1-2 is connected with the d1 of the multiselect switch 6 in trouble-shooter end, the secondary signal output terminal a2 of the CPU processor 2 in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input end e2 of the wave-shaping circuit 1-1 in nuclear detector 1, the signal output part e3 of wave-shaping circuit 1-1 is connected with the 3rd signal input part a3 of CPU processor 2, the secondary signal output terminal b2 of core probe 1-3 in nuclear detector 1 is connected with the signal input part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 in trouble-shooter.
Under nuclear detector 1 nominal situation, gather the signal data of wave-shaping circuit 1-1, analog amplify circuit 1-2 and core probe 1-3 by failure detector, start with from statistical indicator, the time-frequency domain index of nuclear detector 1 signal, extract the characteristic information of nuclear detector 1 by the mode of data processing, by extracting the eigenwert of these data, thereby set up data message storehouse under normal condition, and be stored in CPU processor 2.
Described statistical indicator comprises mean value, mean square value, effective value, peak index, kurtosis index.
In the time that fault occurs or be about to occur, one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information changes, be different from the parameter information under nominal situation, obtain characteristic parameter now by the method for data analysis, with the parameter information contrast under the nominal situation being stored in CPU processor 2, whether break down extremely by its diversity judgement nuclear detector 1, and judge fault type, position, realize the intelligent decision to nuclear detector 1 fault, guide maintenance personnel safeguard.
Its concrete detection method is as follows:
A, the core probe 1-3 high-tension electricity potential source of nuclear detector 1 detects, multiselect switch 6 in trouble-shooter is connected with the signal output part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 in trouble-shooter, the high-tension electricity potential source of core probe 1-3 is after 4 conversions of high-low pressure voltage detection module, utilize A/D converter 7 in trouble-shooter to gather the conversion value of high-low pressure voltage detection module 4, CPU processor 2 in trouble-shooter by A/D converter 7 obtain after data with failure detector in the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module 5 contrast, and monitor its difference by the long period and judge high-voltage power supply drift, permanent deviation fault.While contrast with the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module 5, multiselect switch 6 is transformed into reference voltage module 5 and is connected.
B, the fault detect of the analog amplify circuit 1-2 of nuclear detector 1, multiselect switch 6 is connected with the signal output part of analog amplify circuit 1-2, CPU processor 2 produces the standard signal of core probe 1-3 output by the D/A converter 3 in barrier pick-up unit, be applied to analog amplify circuit 1-2, and gather the response wave shape of analog amplify circuit 1-2 with A/D converter 7, because components and parts and the circuit connecting mode of analog amplify circuit 1-2 are known, therefore can obtain the transport function of analog amplify circuit 1-2, by the result of calculation contrast of the response wave shape analysis to circuit and transfer function model, whether and fault type the fault of judging analog amplify circuit 1-2, as determine the components and parts that break down in analog amplify circuit 1-2 while breaking down.
The fault detect of the wave-shaping circuit 1-1 of C, nuclear detector 1, CPU processor 2 directly sends specific digit pulse to wave-shaping circuit 1-1, by detecting the pulse output of wave-shaping circuit 1-1, and be stored in CPU processor 2 normal pulse waveform Characteristic Contrast, thereby whether judge wave-shaping circuit fault.
The fault detect of D, nuclear detector 1 output signal, utilizes the sample signal output waveform of nuclear detector 1 of A/D converter 7, and by with the statistical indicator, the contrast of time-frequency domain index that are stored in CPU processor 2, judge the fault of nuclear detector 1.
The trouble-shooter that said method adopts comprises CPU processor 2, D/A converter 3, high-low pressure voltage detection module 4, reference voltage module 5, multiselect switch 6 and A/D converter 7, the first signal output terminal a1 of CPU processor 2 is connected with D/A converter 3 signal input parts, the signal output part of high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 is connected with the d2 end of multiselect switch 6, the signal output part of reference voltage module 5 is connected with the d3 end of multiselect switch 6, the output terminal of multiselect switch 6 is connected with A/D converter 7 signal input parts, the signal output part of A/D converter 7 is connected with the 4th signal input part a4 of CPU processor 2, the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor 2 is connected with the multiselect switch control end of multiselect switch 6, controlled the conversion of multiselect switch 6 by the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor 2.
Claims (2)
1. the method for diagnosing faults of a nuclear detector, described nuclear detector comprises digital forming circuit, analog amplify circuit and core probe, the first signal output terminal b1 of core probe is connected with the first signal input end c1 of analog amplify circuit, and the first signal output terminal c2 of analog amplify circuit is connected with the first signal input end e1 of digital forming circuit, it is characterized in that: the signal output part of the D/A converter in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input end c3 of the analog amplify circuit in nuclear detector, the secondary signal output terminal c4 of analog amplify circuit is connected with the d1 of the multiselect switch in trouble-shooter end, the secondary signal output terminal a2 of the CPU processor in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input end e2 of the wave-shaping circuit in nuclear detector, the signal output part e3 of wave-shaping circuit is connected with the 3rd signal input part a3 of CPU processor, the secondary signal output terminal b2 of the core probe in nuclear detector is connected with the signal input part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter,
Under nuclear detector nominal situation, gather the signal data of wave-shaping circuit, analog amplify circuit and core probe by failure detector, start with from statistical indicator, the time-frequency domain index of nuclear detector signal, extract the characteristic information of nuclear detector by the mode of data processing, by extracting the eigenwert of these data, thereby set up data message storehouse under normal condition, and be stored in CPU processor;
Described statistical indicator comprises mean value, mean square value, effective value, peak index, kurtosis index;
In the time that fault occurs or be about to occur, one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information changes, be different from the parameter information under nominal situation, obtain characteristic parameter now by the method for data analysis, with the parameter information contrast under the nominal situation being stored in CPU processor, whether break down extremely by its diversity judgement nuclear detector, and judge fault type, position, realize the intelligent decision to nuclear detector fault, guide maintenance personnel safeguard;
Its concrete detection method is as follows:
A, the core probe high-tension electricity potential source of nuclear detector detects, multiselect switch in trouble-shooter is connected with the signal output part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter, the high-tension electricity potential source of core probe is after the conversion of high-low pressure voltage detection module, utilize the conversion value of the A/D converter collection high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter, CPU processor in trouble-shooter by A/D converter obtain after data with failure detector in the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module contrast, and monitor its difference by the long period and judge high-voltage power supply drift, permanent deviation fault, while contrast with the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module, multiselect switch transition is arrived and is connected with reference voltage module,
B, the fault detect of the analog amplify circuit of nuclear detector, multiselect switch is connected with the signal output part of analog amplify circuit, CPU processor produces the standard signal of core probe output by the D/A converter in barrier pick-up unit, be applied to analog amplify circuit, and gather the response wave shape of analog amplify circuit with A/D converter, because components and parts and the circuit connecting mode of analog amplify circuit are known, therefore can obtain the transport function of analog amplify circuit, by the result of calculation contrast of the response wave shape analysis to circuit and transfer function model, whether and fault type the fault of judging analog amplify circuit, as determine the components and parts that break down in analog amplify circuit while breaking down,
The fault detect of the wave-shaping circuit of C, nuclear detector, CPU processor directly sends specific digit pulse to wave-shaping circuit, by detecting the pulse output of wave-shaping circuit, and be stored in normal pulse waveform Characteristic Contrast in CPU processor, thereby whether judge wave-shaping circuit fault;
The fault detect of D, nuclear detector output signal, utilizes the signal output waveform of A/D converter sampling nuclear detector, and by contrasting with the statistical indicator, the time-frequency domain index that are stored in CPU processor, judges the fault of nuclear detector.
2. the method for diagnosing faults of a kind of nuclear detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described trouble-shooter comprises CPU processor, D/A converter, high-low pressure voltage detection module, reference voltage module, multiselect switch and A/D converter, the first signal output terminal a1 of CPU processor is connected with D/A converter signal input part, the signal output part of high-low pressure voltage detection module is connected with the d2 end of multiselect switch, the signal output part of reference voltage module is connected with the d3 end of multiselect switch, the output terminal of multiselect switch is connected with A/D converter signal input part, the signal output part of A/D converter is connected with the 4th signal input part a4 of CPU processor, the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor is connected with the multiselect switch control end of multiselect switch, controlled the conversion of multiselect switch by the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor.
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