CN103983881B - The method for diagnosing faults of nuclear detector and device - Google Patents
The method for diagnosing faults of nuclear detector and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103983881B CN103983881B CN201410248345.9A CN201410248345A CN103983881B CN 103983881 B CN103983881 B CN 103983881B CN 201410248345 A CN201410248345 A CN 201410248345A CN 103983881 B CN103983881 B CN 103983881B
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Abstract
The method for diagnosing faults of a kind of nuclear detector and device, failure detector is connected with nuclear detector, under nuclear detector nominal situation, the wave-shaping circuit of nuclear detector, analog amplify circuit and the signal data of core probe is gathered by failure detector, the mode processed by data extracts the characteristic information of nuclear detector, by extracting the eigenvalue of these data, thus set up data message storehouse under normal condition.When fault occurs maybe will occur, the one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information changes, and is different from the parameter information under nominal situation.When to nuclear detector monitoring or detection, data are obtained again by gathering, and obtain characteristic parameter now by the method for data analysis, contrast with the information in data message storehouse, whether broken down exception by its diversity judgement nuclear detector, and judge fault type, position, it is achieved the intelligent decision to nuclear detector fault.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automation control area, the fault especially for nuclear radiation detector is examined
Disconnected method and device.
Background technology
Nuclear radiation detector as nuclear science study in one important nuclear radiation measurement instrument, it
It it is the source obtaining various radiation informations.Nuclear detector output signal-noise ratio is low, background clutter
By force, the most usually it is operated in the adverse circumstances of high temperature, high radiation so that nuclear detector is easily sent out
Raw fault.
At present, in order to ensure to control the reliability of monitoring system, maintainability and safety, logical
Usually through manual inspection nuclear detector, although manual inspection nuclear detector is it appeared that some are obvious
Physical damage, but can not perceive in nuclear detector fault, and most nuclear detection
There is higher radiation the erecting bed of device, goes artificially to find and repair these instrument failures to be difficult to do
To timely and effective, and the health of patrol officer also can be by the intense radiation of production scene and having
The harm of poison harmful gas.The character order of severity of correct decision nuclear detector fault and position,
Often require that operator have rich experience, understand controlling the deep of monitoring system, no
Then be likely to occur fail to judge, judge by accident, maloperation.
Traditional nuclear detector 1 as shown in the dotted line frame in accompanying drawing 1, including wave-shaping circuit 1-1,
Analog amplify circuit 1-2 and core probe 1-3, the first signal output part b1 of core probe 1-3
It is connected with the first signal input part c1 of analog amplify circuit 1-2, analog amplify circuit 1-2
The first signal input part e1 of the first signal output part c2 and wave-shaping circuit 1-1 be connected.?
Under instrument digitized and Intelligent Developing Trends, nuclear detector exists automatic fault intelligent diagnostics to be wanted
Ask.Therefore, find accurately and rapidly and solve in time nuclear detector fault and just become to have very much
Necessary.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art to provide a kind of nuclear detector
Automatic fault diagnosis method and device.
The technical scheme is that the method for diagnosing faults of a kind of nuclear detector, fault is examined
The signal output part of the D/A converter in disconnected device and the analog amplify circuit in nuclear detector
Secondary signal input c3 connect, the secondary signal outfan c4 of analog amplify circuit with therefore
The d1 end of the multiselect switch in the barrier diagnostic equipment connects, the CPU process in trouble-shooter
The secondary signal input of the wave-shaping circuit in the secondary signal outfan a2 of device and nuclear detector
E2 connects, the signal output part e3 of wave-shaping circuit and the 3rd signal input part of CPU processor
A3 connects, the secondary signal outfan b2 of the core probe in nuclear detector and trouble-shooter
In high-low pressure voltage detection module signal input part connect.
Under nuclear detector nominal situation, gather wave-shaping circuit, simulation by failure detector
Amplifying circuit and the signal data of core probe, from statistical indicator, the time-frequency domain of nuclear detector signal
Index is started with, and the mode processed by data extracts the characteristic information of nuclear detector, thus just sets up
Often data message storehouse under state, and be stored in CPU processor.
Described statistical indicator includes meansigma methods, mean-square value, virtual value, peak index and kurtosis
Index.
When fault occurs maybe will occur, the one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information
Change, be different from the parameter information under nominal situation, obtained by the method for data analysis
Parameter information under characteristic parameter now, with the nominal situation being stored in CPU processor 2
Whether contrast, broken down exception by its diversity judgement nuclear detector, and judge fault type,
Position, it is achieved the intelligent decision to nuclear detector fault, guide maintenance personnel safeguard.
Its concrete detection method is as follows:
A, the core probe high-tension electricity potential source detection of nuclear detector, by many in trouble-shooter
Choosing switch is connected with the signal output part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter,
The high-tension electricity potential source of core probe, after high-low pressure voltage detection module is changed, utilizes fault diagnosis to fill
A/D converter in putting gathers the conversion value of high-low pressure voltage detection module, trouble-shooter
In CPU processor by A/D converter obtain after data with the benchmark in failure detector
The magnitude of voltage of voltage module contrasts, and monitors its difference by the long period and judge high pressure
Power supply drift, permanent deviation fault.When contrasting with the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module, will be many
Select switch to be transformed into be connected with reference voltage module.
B, the fault detect of analog amplify circuit of nuclear detector, put multiselect switch with simulation
The signal output part of big circuit connects, and CPU processor is changed by the D/A in barrier detection device
Device produces the standard signal of core probe output, is applied to analog amplify circuit, and changes with A/D
Device gathers the response wave shape of analog amplify circuit, due to components and parts and the circuit of analog amplify circuit
Connected mode is it is known that therefore, it is possible to obtain the transmission function of analog amplify circuit, by circuit
Response wave shape analysis and transfer function model result of calculation contrast, it is judged that Simulation scale-up electricity
Whether and fault type the fault on road, determines during as broken down in analog amplify circuit and occurs
The components and parts of fault.
C, the fault detect of wave-shaping circuit of nuclear detector, CPU processor is directly to wave-shaping circuit
Send specific digit pulse, by detection wave-shaping circuit pulse export, and be stored in
Normal impulse waveform Characteristic Contrast in CPU processor, thus whether judge wave-shaping circuit fault.
D, the fault detect of nuclear detector output signal, utilize A/D converter sampling nuclear detection
The signal output waveform of device, and by with the statistical indicator being stored in CPU processor, time-frequency
Territory index contrast, judges the fault of nuclear detector.
The impulse waveform of nuclear detector output depends on the characteristic of nuclear detector, sonde configuration, electricity
Son is learned and incoming particle kind and energy.When core impulse waveform parameter changes, it is possible to
Judge whether nuclear detector breaks down and break down according to core impulse waveform parameter attribute
Position and reason.Described core impulse waveform parameter include meansigma methods, mean-square value, virtual value,
Peak value, pulse are along rise time, pulse along fall time statistical indicator.
Nuclear detector signal statistics:
1) pulse height distribution meets normal distribution:
Wherein, P (A) is the probability of pulse amplitude,For average amplitude, σAIt is poor for amplitude criteria,
Determined by detector intrinsic energy resolution rate,
2) impulsive noise distribution meets normal distribution law.
Noise signal in nuclear electronics is mainly shot noise nuclear heat noise, its probability density
Function becomes Gauss normal distribution
In formulaAverage noise, σ is the mean-squared departure of noise voltage voltage.
3) pulse interval meets exponential rule:
I (t)=ICRt×e-ICR·t(formula 4)
Wherein, ICRt is the average counter rate (radioactivity A) of pulse, unit/s.
Determination methods includes first carrying out pre-to the signal of nuclear detector under system nominal situation
Process, get rid of and gather noise contained in signal and rough error；Secondly after for processing
Signal uses the method for data analysis to carry out feature information extraction, and sets up event for different faults
Barrier data base.When nuclear detector is monitored, data need to be extracted from the signal waveform obtained
Eigenvalue, compares with the characteristic information in the Mishap Database set up before this after process, from
And nuclear detector is carried out fault detect and Fault Identification.Wherein the extraction of eigenvalue can be by can
Survey signal processing method, time-domain and frequency-domain method and core impulse waveform characteristic method data analysing method to realize,
It is achieved thereby that the detection of nuclear detector output signal failure, identify, position.
The trouble-shooter that said method uses includes CPU processor, D/A converter, height
Low voltage voltage detection module, reference voltage module, multiselect switch and A/D converter, at CPU
First signal output part a1 of reason device is connected with D/A converter signal input part, just piezoelectricity
The d2 end that the signal output part of pressure detection module switchs with multiselect is connected, reference voltage module
The d3 end that signal output part switchs with multiselect is connected, and the outfan of multiselect switch is changed with A/D
Device signal input part connects, and the signal output part of A/D converter is believed with the 4th of CPU processor
Number input a4 connects, and the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor is many with multiselect switch
Select switch control terminal to connect, the 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor control multiselect and open
The conversion closed.
The present invention compared with prior art has a characteristic that
Present invention core probe high voltage power supply, analog amplify circuit, one-tenth by detection nuclear detector
The output signal of shape circuit, and signal is carried out data analysis, believe with the feature under nominal situation
Cease as reference, by analyzing the data that same fault produces, it is thus achieved that the characteristic information of fault,
The fault of nuclear detector is carried out division and sets up Mishap Database.Can with after fault database Data Comparison
Detection failure exception, expects fault progression direction by failure mode, guide maintenance personnel quickly,
Solve fault accurately.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the detailed construction of the present invention is retouched further
State.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the trouble-shooter connection diagram with nuclear detector of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The method for diagnosing faults of a kind of nuclear detector, by the D/A converter in trouble-shooter
The signal output part of 3 inputs with the secondary signal of the analog amplify circuit 1-2 in nuclear detector 1
End c3 connects, the secondary signal outfan c4 of analog amplify circuit 1-2 and trouble-shooter
In the d1 end of multiselect switch 6 connect, the of the CPU processor 2 in trouble-shooter
The secondary signal input of binary signal outfan a2 and the wave-shaping circuit 1-1 in nuclear detector 1
E2 connects, the signal output part e3 of wave-shaping circuit 1-1 and the 3rd signal of CPU processor 2
Input a3 connects, the secondary signal outfan b2 of core in nuclear detector 1 probe 1-3 with
The signal input part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 in trouble-shooter connects.
Under nuclear detector 1 nominal situation, by failure detector gather wave-shaping circuit 1-1,
Analog amplify circuit 1-2 and the signal data of core probe 1-3, from the system of nuclear detector 1 signal
Meter index, time-frequency domain index are started with, and the mode processed by data extracts the feature of nuclear detector 1
Information, by extracting the eigenvalue of these data, thus sets up data message storehouse under normal condition,
And be stored in CPU processor 2.
Described statistical indicator includes meansigma methods, mean-square value, virtual value, peak index and kurtosis
Index.
When fault occurs maybe will occur, the one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information
Change, be different from the parameter information under nominal situation, obtained by the method for data analysis
Parameter information under characteristic parameter now, with the nominal situation being stored in CPU processor 2
Whether contrast, broken down exception by its diversity judgement nuclear detector 1, and judge failure classes
Type, position, it is achieved the intelligent decision to nuclear detector 1 fault, guide maintenance personnel tie up
Protect.
Its concrete detection method is as follows:
A, the core probe 1-3 high-tension electricity potential source detection of nuclear detector 1, by trouble-shooter
In multiselect switch 6 defeated with the signal of the high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 in trouble-shooter
Go out end connect, core probe 1-3 high-tension electricity potential source through high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 change after,
The A/D converter 7 in trouble-shooter is utilized to gather turning of high-low pressure voltage detection module 4
Change value, after the CPU processor 2 in trouble-shooter obtains data by A/D converter 7
Contrast with the magnitude of voltage of the reference voltage module 5 in failure detector, and by longer
Its difference of time supervision judges high voltage power supply drift, permanent deviation fault.With reference voltage module
When the magnitude of voltage of 5 contrasts, multiselect switch 6 is transformed into and is connected with reference voltage module 5.
B, the fault detect of analog amplify circuit 1-2 of nuclear detector 1, switch 6 by multiselect
Being connected with the signal output part of analog amplify circuit 1-2, CPU processor 2 is by barrier detection dress
D/A converter 3 in putting produces the standard signal of core probe 1-3 output, is applied to simulation and puts
Big circuit 1-2, and the response wave shape of analog amplify circuit 1-2 is gathered with A/D converter 7,
Owing to components and parts and the circuit connecting mode of analog amplify circuit 1-2 is it is known that therefore, it is possible to obtain
The transmission function of analog amplify circuit 1-2, by the response wave shape analysis of circuit and transmission letter
The result of calculation contrast of digital-to-analogue type, it is judged that whether and fault the fault of analog amplify circuit 1-2
Type, determines the components and parts broken down in analog amplify circuit 1-2 during as broken down.
C, the fault detect of wave-shaping circuit 1-1 of nuclear detector 1, CPU processor 2 is the most right
Wave-shaping circuit 1-1 sends specific digit pulse, and the pulse by detection wave-shaping circuit 1-1 is defeated
Go out, and be stored in CPU processor 2 normal impulse waveform Characteristic Contrast, thus judge
Whether wave-shaping circuit fault.
D, the fault detect of nuclear detector 1 output signal, utilize A/D converter 7 to sample core
The signal output waveform of detector 1, and by referring to the statistics being stored in CPU processor 2
The contrast of mark, time-frequency domain index, judges the fault of nuclear detector 1.
Said method use trouble-shooter include CPU processor 2, D/A converter 3,
High-low pressure voltage detection module 4, reference voltage module 5, multiselect switch 6 and A/D converter
7, the first signal output part a1 of CPU processor 2 are with D/A converter 3 signal input part even
Connecing, the signal output part of high-low pressure voltage detection module 4 is connected with the d2 end of multiselect switch 6,
The signal output part of reference voltage module 5 is connected with the d3 end of multiselect switch 6, and multiselect switchs
The outfan of 6 is connected with A/D converter 7 signal input part, and the signal of A/D converter 7 is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the 4th signal input part a4 of CPU processor 2, the of CPU processor 2
Five signal input part a5 are connected, by CPU process with the multiselect switch control terminal of multiselect switch 6
5th signal input part a5 of device 2 controls the conversion of multiselect switch 6.
Claims (2)
1. the method for diagnosing faults of a nuclear detector, described nuclear detector includes wave-shaping circuit, analog amplify circuit and core probe, first signal output part b1 of core probe is connected with the first signal input part c1 of analog amplify circuit, and the first signal output part c2 of analog amplify circuit is connected with the first signal input part e1 of wave-shaping circuit；It is characterized in that: the signal output part of the D/A converter in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input c3 of the analog amplify circuit in nuclear detector, the d1 end that the secondary signal outfan c4 of analog amplify circuit switchs with the multiselect in trouble-shooter is connected, the secondary signal outfan a2 of the CPU processor in trouble-shooter is connected with the secondary signal input e2 of the wave-shaping circuit in nuclear detector, the signal output part e3 of wave-shaping circuit is connected with the 3rd signal input part a3 of CPU processor, the secondary signal outfan b2 of the core probe in nuclear detector is connected with the signal input part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter；
Under nuclear detector nominal situation, wave-shaping circuit, analog amplify circuit and the signal data of core probe is gathered by failure detector, start with from the statistical indicator of nuclear detector signal, time-frequency domain index, the mode processed by data extracts the characteristic information of nuclear detector, by extracting the eigenvalue of these data, thus set up data message storehouse under normal condition, and it is stored in CPU processor；
Described statistical indicator includes meansigma methods, mean-square value, virtual value, peak index and kurtosis index；
When fault occurs maybe will occur, one or more meeting in these characteristic parameter information changes, it is different from the parameter information under nominal situation, characteristic parameter now is obtained by the method for data analysis, with the parameter information contrast being stored under the nominal situation in CPU processor, whether broken down exception by its diversity judgement nuclear detector, and judge fault type, position, realizing the intelligent decision to nuclear detector fault, guide maintenance personnel safeguard；
Its concrete detection method is as follows:
A, the core probe high-tension electricity potential source detection of nuclear detector, multiselect in trouble-shooter is switched and is connected with the signal output part of the high-low pressure voltage detection module in trouble-shooter, the high-tension electricity potential source of core probe is after high-low pressure voltage detection module is changed, the A/D converter in trouble-shooter is utilized to gather the conversion value of high-low pressure voltage detection module, the magnitude of voltage that CPU processor in trouble-shooter is obtained after data with the reference voltage module in failure detector by A/D converter contrasts, and monitor its difference by the long period and judge that high voltage power supply is drifted about, permanent deviation fault；When contrasting with the magnitude of voltage of reference voltage module, multiselect switch is transformed into and is connected with reference voltage module；
B, the fault detect of the analog amplify circuit of nuclear detector, multiselect switch is connected with the signal output part of analog amplify circuit, CPU processor produces the standard signal of core probe output by the D/A converter in barrier detection device, it is applied to analog amplify circuit, and the response wave shape of analog amplify circuit is gathered with A/D converter, owing to components and parts and the circuit connecting mode of analog amplify circuit are known, therefore, it is possible to obtain the transmission function of analog amplify circuit, by the response wave shape analysis of circuit and the result of calculation of transfer function model are contrasted, judge that whether and fault type the fault of analog amplify circuit, the components and parts broken down in analog amplify circuit are determined during as broken down；
C, the fault detect of wave-shaping circuit of nuclear detector, CPU processor directly sends specific digit pulse to wave-shaping circuit, exported by the pulse of detection wave-shaping circuit, and be stored in CPU processor normal impulse waveform Characteristic Contrast, thus whether judge wave-shaping circuit fault；
D, the fault detect of nuclear detector output signal, utilize the signal output waveform of A/D converter sampling nuclear detector, and by contrasting with the statistical indicator being stored in CPU processor, time-frequency domain index, judge the fault of nuclear detector.
nullThe method for diagnosing faults of a kind of nuclear detector the most according to claim 1，It is characterized in that: described trouble-shooter includes CPU processor、D/A converter、High-low pressure voltage detection module、Reference voltage module、Multiselect switch and A/D converter，First signal output part a1 of CPU processor is connected with D/A converter signal input part，The d2 end that the signal output part of high-low pressure voltage detection module switchs with multiselect is connected，The d3 end that the signal output part of reference voltage module switchs with multiselect is connected，The outfan of multiselect switch is connected with A/D converter signal input part，The signal output part of A/D converter is connected with the 4th signal input part a4 of CPU processor，The multiselect switch control terminal that 5th signal input part a5 of CPU processor switchs with multiselect is connected，The 5th signal input part a5 by CPU processor controls the conversion of multiselect switch.
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