CN103980974A - Semi-coke passivation device and semi-coke passivation method adopting semi-coke passivation device - Google Patents
Semi-coke passivation device and semi-coke passivation method adopting semi-coke passivation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a semi-coke passivation device which comprises a pre-cooled spraying area, a reaction area and a cooling area, wherein the pre-cooled spraying area adopts an inverted V-shaped block and seamless steel tube combined structure; the reaction area consists of multiple identical units; a cycle gas inlet inverted V-shaped block and a cycle gas outlet inverted V-shaped block are arranged in each unit, wherein the two inverted V-shaped blocks are arranged in a cross mode; a cycle gas inlet cavity and a cycle gas outlet cavity are formed outside the reaction area; the cooling area consists of multiple identical units; an inverted V-shaped block and seamless steel tube combined structure is adopted in each unit. The invention also provides a semi-coke passivation method. The semi-coke passivation method comprises the following steps: pre-cooling, performing water spray regulation, cooling, carrying out an oxidizing reaction and cooling again. According to the device and method, a semi-coke hydration reaction and the oxidizing reaction can be well in fit with each other, and semi-coke passivation is realized finally. The inverted V-shaped blocks are arranged in the reaction area, so that oxygen needed by oxidizing reaction can be provided, heat generated by the oxidizing reaction can be taken away, and various sensors are combined, so that the whole process is safe and controllable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the refining apparatus and method of semicoke, particularly, the present invention relates to the apparatus and method of semicoke passivation.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, the demand of coke increases year by year, and because coking coal reserves are few, areal distribution is uneven, recent year coke price one tunnel is high.Take the Northwest as example; the average market value of coke in 2006 is 1050 yuan/t; rose to 1472 yuan/t by 2007; at the beginning of 2008, be 1780 yuan/t, be 2980 yuan/t in July, 2008, and affected by financial crisis the end of the year 2008; coke price is down to 1700 yuan/t; but, all in all, estimate that coke price can further rise from now on.The rise of coke price causes downstream industry production cost straight line to rise, and enterprise can't bear the heavy load, and the substitute that coke is found in market has become inevitable.
Nearly ten years, be subject to the promotion of the market requirement, large quantities of semicoke factory has successively been built in the provinces and regions such as Shan of China, Shanxi, peaceful, illiteracy, and total capacity reaches 3500-4000 ten thousand t/a.To the end of the year 2006, there are 271 of semicoke manufacturing enterprises in area, Yulin, designed productive capacity 2,200 ten thousand t/a, actual annual production 9000000 t, tar 800,000 t, 4,000,000,000 yuan of the gross output values, practitioner 1.02 ten thousand people.For semicoke, enterprise is many, technique is simple, small scale, environmental pollution seriously waits series of problems, in December, 2008, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of country promulgated " coking industry entry criteria " (revision in 2008), semicoke is listed in wherein, and its single stove throughput, total size, comprehensive utilization of resources etc. have been made to clearly regulation.This has positive effect for promoting coking industry to develop in a healthy way.
At present, the semicoke production capacity of China has reached 3,500 ten thousand t/a left and right.Along with the progressively expansion of semicoke production capacity, the Application Areas of semicoke is also extended rapidly thereupon, and operating radius also will increase.At present, in Shanxi, Shan, illiteracy, the ground such as peaceful formed taking calcium carbide, iron alloy, chemical fertilizer, clean fuel oil, MAGNESIUM METAL etc. as main semicoke downstream industry cluster.
Solid product---the semicoke that low-rank coal forms after by low temperature pyrogenation, it still contains a large amount of active chemical groups, and its chemically reactive is very high, very easily, with airborne oxygen generation oxidizing reaction, emits heat.According to related data, the oxidation of coal under room temperature to 100 DEG C cold condition belongs to the mild oxidation of coal, oxidising process occurs in the surface of coal, first form carbon oxygen complex, and carbon oxygen complex is unstable compound, along with the further rising of temperature, easily decompose and generate carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas and water etc.Because complex compound decomposes, coal is pulverized, increase new surface, oxygen again with new coal Surface Contact, its oxygenizement iterative cycles is carried out, if the heat producing in oxidising process can not be taken away in time, can make the temperature rise on coal surface, and then aggravation oxidizing reaction, when temperature exceedes after certain value, the oxidizing reaction penetration depth oxidation of coal, generates the products such as regenerated humus acid.If temperature exceedes the burning-point of coal, oxidizing reaction enters the darkest oxidation stage, i.e. burning, generates carbonic acid gas and water, and a small amount of oxynitride and oxysulfide.In addition, semicoke has comparatively flourishing pore passage structure, and in the time that it is exposed in air, the moisture (being said rehydrated in the present invention) in meeting absorbed air, also can produce heat of adsorption in adsorption process, also contribute to the carrying out of oxidizing reaction.
Because semicoke has high ash content, high fixed carbon, the features such as low volatile, therefore, similar with other coal, semicoke also has the feature of easy generation spontaneous combustion, and self-heating or spontaneous combustion easily occur in storage and long-distance transportation process, there is certain potential safety hazard, thereby rationally utilize and bring certain difficulty to it.Therefore, preventing and treating low-rank coal semicoke spontaneous combustion preventing and controlling arduous task, is also the problem of urgently studying and solving.
At present, the Method and process equipment of both at home and abroad active carbocoal being processed to its ignition quality of reduction mainly contains several as follows:
International monopoly WO2007048198A1 discloses a kind of passivation technology, system and equipment of carbonaceous material.This process be included under low-oxygen environment dried carbonaceous material with by contacting pre-treatment carbonaceous material with the counter-current gas that contains volatile matter.This volatile matter has formed a kind of protective membrane at dry carbon material particle surface; enter into its microvoid structure simultaneously, so just can stop water and oxygen to enter into nanopores, thereby play passivation; therefore, also reached the object that prevents its spontaneous combustion.
Chinese utility model patent CN201580755U discloses a kind of Non-energy-consumption initiatively prevents the dump of coal spontaneous combustion, feature is on dump, to be provided with vertically or to favour the hot pin in dump, its evaporator section is positioned at dump, and this hot pin condensation segment is positioned at outside dump, directly contacts with air.Can effectively reduce the temperature in dump, initiatively prevent dump spontaneous combustion of coal, unpowered, manpower and material consumption, economical operation, can move reliably and with long-term.
Chinese invention patent CN102966369A discloses a kind of compound stopping agent that prevents coal spontaneous combustion based on low-temperature oxidation of coal mechanism, belongs to the stopping agent that prevents coal spontaneous combustion.This stopping agent both can with coal in methyl, methylene radical generation substitution reaction generate stable ether material, can interact with the alkyl peroxide free radical that in coal, methyl, methylene radical oxidation generate again, destroy peroxide radical, thereby in inhibition Coal Self-ignition Process, the generation of methyl, methylene radical isoreactivity group is with active, from having changed in essence the ignition quality of coal, suppress spontaneous combustion of coal.Meanwhile, this stopping agent also has physics moisture-keeping function, can pin preferably the water that injects media, prevents preferably coal spontaneous combustion from physics resistanceization angle.
Chinese invention patent CN103111030A discloses a kind of in the territory, temperature highest region of Coal Yard or spontaneous combustion region and has implanted or arranged subcooling sweeping gas, for example air, CO
2, N
2and/or the blowing device of rare gas element discharges with pressure the gas barrier that remains in the oxidizing gas that causes spontaneous combustion of coal in Coal Yard internal space, a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas and cooling sweeping gas tail gas.Above-mentioned blowing device and gas barrier can make rapidly high temperature coal or the cooling of spontaneous combustion coal, discharge fast simultaneously and cause the oxidizing gas of spontaneous combustion, a small amount of low temperature volatile matter gas, and then prevent spontaneous combustion of coal or spontaneous combustion of coal is extinguished.
U.S. patent of invention US4402706A discloses a kind of method and apparatus of oxidation drying low-rank coal, it specifically discloses a kind of device of energy partial oxidation drying low-order coal, and this device comprises that one can be supported low-rank coal and can allow low-rank coal and the process gas contacting container that contains thin oxygen; This patent also discloses a kind of method of energy partial oxidation coal.
From published correlation technique, can carry out passivation to semicoke on a large scale at present, mainly there is the shortcoming of following several respects in the method and apparatus that reduces its spontaneous combustion tendency:
First, in the time of semicoke generation oxidizing reaction, can produce a large amount of heats, if these heats can not come out in time, will cause heat to be accumulated, easily smoulder, the hazardous condition such as spontaneous combustion.This is also an industry difficult problem of dump generation spontaneous combustion.
Secondly, in the passivating process of semicoke, be difficult to realize semicoke passivating process is accomplished to safety is controlled, be also difficult to monitor in real time semicoke passivation situation, and the problem that may occur is taken appropriate measures.
In addition, compound stopping agent cost is high, and the equipment supporting with it is ripe not enough, is difficult to reach the requirement of large-scale commercial production.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, to the invention provides a kind of semicoke passivating device, and a kind of method that uses this semicoke passivating device semicoke to be carried out to passivation is provided.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of semicoke passivating device, this device comprises the pre-cold water spray district 2, reaction zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 that connect successively from top to bottom;
The unitized construction of reverse V-shaped of pre-cold water spray district's 2 interior employing and weldless steel tube, wherein, reverse V-shaped is tubular structure, and cross section is reverse V-shaped, and weldless steel tube inserts in reverse V-shaped hollow, and the outer wall of weldless steel tube contacts and is connected with the inwall of reverse V-shaped;
Reaction zone 3 is made up of multiple identical reaction members, in each reaction member, be provided with reverse V-shaped 14 of reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance and recycle gas outlet, reverse V-shaped 14 of reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance and recycle gas outlet arranged crosswise in length and breadth, reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance and reverse V-shaped 14 of recycle gas outlet are tubular structures, cross section is reverse V-shaped, gas enters each reaction member by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance, and gas exports reverse V-shaped 14 by recycle gas and leaves each reaction member;
3 outsides, reaction zone are provided with recycle gas inlet plenum and recycle gas outlet chamber, and recycle gas inlet plenum is connected with reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance, and recycle gas outlet chamber is connected for reverse V-shaped 14 with recycle gas outlet;
Cooling zone 4 is made up of multiple identical cooling units, the unitized construction of reverse V-shaped of employing and weldless steel tube in each cooling unit, wherein, reverse V-shaped is tubular structure, cross section is reverse V-shaped, weldless steel tube inserts in reverse V-shaped hollow, and the outer wall of weldless steel tube contacts and is connected with the inwall of reverse V-shaped.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described reverse V-shaped, reverse V-shaped 13 of described recycle gas entrance and reverse V-shaped 14 of described recycle gas outlet are tubular structures of lower openings.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described pre-cold water spray district 2 is divided into the first pre-cooling zone, spray district and the second pre-cooling zone from top to bottom.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, 3 outsides, described reaction zone are provided with 2 recycle gas inlet plenums and 2 recycle gas outlet chamber, are sealed chamber.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, 2 tops, described pre-cold water spray district are provided with feeding warehouse 1, are provided with height level sensing transducer in feeding warehouse 1.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described feeding warehouse 1 top is provided with rotary feeder, and rotary feeder and described feeding warehouse 1 are tightly connected.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, 4 belows, described cooling zone are provided with dumper 5.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, is provided with sensor in described reaction zone 3.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, between described recycle gas outlet chamber and described recycle gas inlet plenum, be provided with recirculation blower 9, the entrance of recirculation blower 9 is connected with described recycle gas outlet chamber, and the outlet of recirculation blower 9 is connected with described recycle gas inlet plenum.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described semicoke passivating device is further provided with interchanger 12 and humidifier 8, and interchanger 12 and humidifier 8 are set in turn between reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance in recycle gas inlet plenum and reaction zone 3.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described recycle gas inlet plenum and described recycle gas outlet chamber below are provided with corresponding ash bucket 11.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described reaction zone 3 is made up of 24 identical reaction members.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating device, described cooling zone 4 is made up of 2 identical cooling units.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of semicoke passivating method, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-cooled: raw material semicoke enters first pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby indirectly cooling by the heat-eliminating medium institute in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped, the starting temperature of raw material semicoke is 100-104 DEG C, is 40-45 DEG C through cooled temperature;
(2) water spray regulates: the semicoke that step (1) obtains enters the spray district in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, in spray district, to semicoke spray water, makes its moisture content reach 9-10wt%;
(3) cooling: the semicoke that step (2) obtains enters second pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in arrange weldless steel tube in heat-eliminating medium indirect contact, thereby make temperature remain on 60-64 DEG C;
(4) oxidizing reaction: the semicoke that step (3) obtains enters each reaction member of reaction zone 3 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke by each reaction member in length and breadth the outlet of reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance of arranged crosswise and recycle gas support for reverse V-shaped 14, with react 15-17 hour by reverse V-shaped 13 air that enters reaction zone 3 of recycle gas entrance, in the semicoke obtaining, moisture content is 9-10wt%;
(5) cooling again: the semicoke that step (4) obtains enters cooling zone 4 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby is indirectly cooled to 36-40 DEG C by the heat-eliminating medium in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating method, described heat-eliminating medium is water coolant.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating method, in step (2), in spray district, to the service water after semicoke spray filtering.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating method, the 35-40% (volume) of the gas obtaining after step (4) oxidizing reaction is discharged from, remaining gas enters recycle gas outlet chamber for reverse V-shaped 14 by recycle gas outlet, filled into fresh air, then enter recycle gas inlet plenum by recirculation blower 9, and make its temperature reach 52-56 DEG C by humidifier 8 and interchanger 12, humidity reaches 79-90% (volume), then enters reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance of reaction zone 3.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating method, the volume of the fresh air being filled into equates with the volume of the gas being discharged from after step (4) oxidizing reaction.
Aforesaid semicoke passivating method, in step (4), the temperature that is entered the air of reaction zone (3) by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance is 52-56 DEG C, and humidity is 79-90% (volume), and flow is 280000-330000m
3/ h.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, at least there is following beneficial effect:
1. semicoke passivating device of the present invention adopts modular design, and semicoke passivating device is divided into different districts, and each district can realize specific function, has well suited the mechanism of semicoke hydration reaction and oxidizing reaction, has finally realized the object of semicoke passivation.
2. the reaction zone of semicoke passivating device of the present invention adopts reverse V-shaped design, can provide oxidizing reaction needed oxygen on the one hand, can take away on the other hand the amount of heat producing due to oxidizing reaction, has ensured the safety in production process.
3. in the reaction zone of semicoke passivating device of the present invention, be furnished with large quantity sensor, such as, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, pressure transmitter, flow sensor and carbonic acid gas and gas oxygen sensor, these sensors are used for monitoring in real time the working order of reaction zone, really accomplish that in operational process, the safety of processing parameter is controlled, thereby finally ensured that whole device and production process safety is controlled.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of semicoke passivating device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of each reaction member of reaction zone.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the unitized construction of reverse V-shaped and weldless steel tube.
Fig. 4 is three sample speed of oxygen intake graphic representations in performance evaluation.
Fig. 5 is that in performance evaluation, three samples discharge CO rate profile.
Embodiment
In order fully to understand object of the present invention, feature and effect, now by following embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to this.Device of the present invention and processing method are except following content, and all the other all adopt ordinary method or the device of this area.
The present invention is mainly to provide and has developed the tower semicoke passivating device of a kind of large modular run by gravity, this device is a kind of equipment that oxygen and moisture is carried out overall cooling process by solid/solid/liquid/gas reactions before semicoke stores, the object of processing semicoke to reach stable (passivation).This device carries out passivation and cooling with certain temperature, humidity and flow rate control air-flow by the semicoke after processing on coal bed.Adopt and force to draw/blow air-flow, four-way mixing continuously, the design of product run by gravity.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of semicoke passivating device, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, device of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, semicoke passivating device of the present invention comprises the pre-cold water spray district 2, reaction zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 that connect successively from top to bottom.
The unitized construction of reverse V-shaped of pre-cold water spray district's 2 interior employing and weldless steel tube, wherein, reverse V-shaped is tubular structure, and cross section is reverse V-shaped, and the bottom of reverse V-shaped is unsealed, can there is pore structure, or bottom is complete opening, weldless steel tube inserts in reverse V-shaped hollow, and the outer wall of weldless steel tube contacts and is connected (as shown in Figure 3) with the inwall of reverse V-shaped, for example, the two connects by spot welding.
Pre-cold water spray district 2 is divided into again the first pre-cooling zone, spray district and the second pre-cooling zone (not shown) from top to bottom.The effect of the first pre-cooling zone is mainly that hot semicoke is reduced to needed temperature (40-45 DEG C) by initial temperature (100-104 DEG C), the effect in spray district is mainly for semicoke hydration reaction provides needed water, and the effect of the second pre-cooling zone is mainly to make semicoke remain on suitable temperature (60-64 DEG C).Weldless steel tube in the first pre-cooling zone and the second pre-cooling zone is without shower nozzle, and is provided with shower nozzle on the weldless steel tube in spray district.
Reaction zone 3 is made up of multiple identical reaction members, each reaction member is arranged in order from top to bottom, in each reaction member, be provided with reverse V-shaped 14 of reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance and recycle gas outlet, reverse V-shaped 14 of reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance and recycle gas outlet arranged crosswise (as shown in Figure 2) in length and breadth, they are tubular structures, and cross section is reverse V-shaped, and their bottom is unsealed, can there is pore structure, or bottom is complete opening.The effect of reaction zone 3 is mainly to make semicoke generation oxidizing reaction, reduces its spontaneous combustion tendency, realizes the passivation of semicoke.In a kind of embodiment, reaction zone 3 is made up of 24 identical reaction members.In another kind of embodiment, 3 inside, reaction zone are provided with sensor, for example, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, pressure transmitter, flow sensor and carbonic acid gas and gas oxygen sensor, these sensors are used for monitoring in real time the working order of reaction zone 3, really accomplish that in operational process, the safety of processing parameter is controlled, thereby finally ensured that whole device and production process safety is controlled.
3 outsides, reaction zone are provided with separately independently recycle gas sealed chamber 7, recycle gas sealed chamber 7 is by supporting with the angle steel of reaction zone 3 Plate Weldings, there is a corresponding ash bucket 11 in each recycle gas sealed chamber 7 below, is used for collecting being recycled the coal ash that gas brings out.Recycle gas sealed chamber 7 is made up of the steel plate of reaction zone 3 surroundings and the sealing steel plate of reaction zone 3 peripheral parcels, with the Plate Welding of reaction zone 3 each faces, thereby realizes sealing.Recycle gas sealed chamber 7 is divided into again recycle gas inlet plenum and recycle gas outlet chamber, and recycle gas inlet plenum is connected with reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance, and recycle gas outlet chamber is connected for reverse V-shaped 14 with recycle gas outlet.
In a kind of embodiment, 3 outsides, reaction zone are provided with 2 recycle gas inlet plenums and 2 recycle gas outlet chamber, wherein, 2 recycle gas inlet plenums are positioned on two relative outer sides of reaction zone 3, and 2 recycle gas outlet chamber are positioned on two other relative outer side of reaction zone 3.In the time that semicoke is processed in reaction zone 3, air enters reaction zone 3 by 2 recycle gas inlet plenums that are positioned at two opposite outer face by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance, after reacting with the semicoke in reaction zone 3, export reverse V-shaped 14 by recycle gas again and be discharged to 2 recycle gas outlet chamber that are arranged on two other relative outer side.Because reaction zone 3 is that the multiple reaction members that are arranged in order from top to bottom form, and reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance arranging in each reaction member and recycle gas are openings below exporting reverse V-shaped 14, therefore, the specific surface area that semicoke contacts with recycle gas in reaction zone 3 strengthens, thereby oxidizing reaction is fully carried out.
In another kind of embodiment, between recycle gas outlet chamber and recycle gas inlet plenum, be provided with recirculation blower 9, it is placed on service platform 10, and preferably, recirculation blower 9 is 4, lays respectively on four angles of 3 outsides, reaction zone.The entrance of recirculation blower 9 is connected with recycle gas outlet chamber, and the outlet of recirculation blower 9 is connected with recycle gas inlet plenum.In operational process, recycle gas (established technology gas) enters reaction zone 3 by recycle gas inlet plenum, again from recycle gas outlet chamber out, a recycle gas part is out discharged as tail gas, another part and supplementary fresh air are recycled blower fan 9 and are sent to again recycle gas inlet plenum, thereby have realized the circulation of process gas.
In another kind of embodiment, semicoke passivating device of the present invention is further provided with interchanger 12 and humidifier 8, interchanger 12 and humidifier 8 are set in turn between reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance in recycle gas inlet plenum and reaction zone 3, thereby can make air before entering reaction zone 3, first reach needed temperature and humidity.
The structure of cooling zone 4 and the structure of above-mentioned first and second pre-cooling zone are basically identical, formed by multiple same units, the unitized construction of reverse V-shaped of employing and weldless steel tube in each unit, wherein, reverse V-shaped is tubular structure, cross section is reverse V-shaped, the bottom of reverse V-shaped is unsealed, can there is pore structure, or bottom is complete opening, weldless steel tube inserts in reverse V-shaped hollow, and the outer wall of weldless steel tube contacts and is connected (as shown in Figure 3) with the inwall of reverse V-shaped, for example, the two connects by spot welding.In a kind of embodiment, cooling zone 4 is made up of 2 identical unit.The effect of cooling zone 4 is mainly to carry out cooling to the semicoke after passivation.
2 tops, described pre-cold water spray district are provided with feeding warehouse 1 (as shown in Figure 1), and preferably, its volume is 150 cubic metres, and its effect is mainly for storing semicoke, play shock absorption.In a kind of embodiment, feeding warehouse 1 top is provided with rotary feeder, rotary feeder outlet is welded by weldless steel tube and feeding warehouse 1, thereby realizing the two is tightly connected, when feed, feeding warehouse 1 is by rotary feeder feed, and feeding machine can be realized lock airway dysfunction in even feeding, and guarantee upstream and downstream equipment is not collaborated.In another kind of embodiment, in feeding warehouse 1, be provided with height level sensing transducer (being preferably provided with two pairs of height level sensing transducers), for guaranteeing that height of materials is in safety range.
4 belows, cooling zone are provided with dumper 5 (as shown in Figure 1), and it is a dumper that can regulate aperture size.
With bolts between each above-mentioned district, each district is all connected with the support frame structure 6 of surrounding with bolt by web plate simultaneously.
The present invention has adopted modular design, and semicoke passivating device is divided into several districts, and each district can realize specific function, thereby has well suited semicoke hydration reaction and oxidizing reaction, has finally realized the passivation of semicoke.Particularly, in pre-cold water spray district 2, reaction zone 3 and cooling zone 4, adopt the unitized construction of reverse V-shaped block structure or reverse V-shaped and weldless steel tube, can in reacting, take away the heat of generation, ensured the safety of production process.3 inside, reaction zone are provided with sensor, are used for monitoring in real time the working order of reaction zone, have really accomplished that in operational process, the safety of processing parameter is controlled, thus finally ensured whole device and production process safety controlled.In addition, device of the present invention adopts the design of run by gravity, and not needing provides extra driving arrangement for semicoke mobile.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of method of semicoke passivation, adopt said apparatus to carry out.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, method of the present invention is described in further detail.Wherein, semicoke is that low-rank coal is passed through the solid product forming after low temperature pyrogenation, and for example, brown coal can obtain semicoke by low-temperature pyrolysis (any kind retorting technique).
Method of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:
The first step, pre-cooled.Raw material semicoke in feeding warehouse 1 enters first pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby indirectly cooling by the heat-eliminating medium institute in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped, the starting temperature of raw material semicoke is 100-104 DEG C, is 40-45 DEG C through cooled temperature.Preferably, above-mentioned heat-eliminating medium is water coolant.
In a kind of embodiment, raw material semicoke is stored in feeding warehouse 1, and feeding warehouse 1 is by rotary feeder feed, and the height that the height level sensing transducer arranging in feeding warehouse 1 can ensure semicoke is in safety range.
Second step, water spray regulates.Semicoke after pre-cooled enters the spray district in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, in spray district, to semicoke spray water, makes its moisture content reach 9-10wt% by the shower nozzle that arranges on weldless steel tube.
Preferably, to the service water after semicoke spray filtering.After filtering, grain diameter is not more than 0.1mm, and water quality is weakly alkaline, and oleaginousness all can be used in the present invention lower than the service water of 5mg/L.
The 3rd step, cooling.Meeting releases heat in semicoke water spray regulate process, therefore, after water spray regulates, semicoke enters second pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in arrange weldless steel tube in heat-eliminating medium indirect contact, thereby make temperature remain on 60-64 DEG C.Preferably, above-mentioned heat-eliminating medium is water coolant.
The 4th step, oxidizing reaction.Cooled semicoke enters each reaction member of reaction zone 3 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke by unit in length and breadth the outlet of reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance of arranged crosswise and recycle gas support for reverse V-shaped 14, and reacted by reverse V-shaped 13 air that enters reaction zone 3 of recycle gas entrance.Owing to there being the support of reverse V-shaped, semicoke is in loose condition (of surface), thereby can strengthen the specific surface area that semicoke contacts with gas.By regulating the aperture size of dumper 5, control semicoke at the interior stop in reaction zone 3 15-17 hour.In the semicoke obtaining after oxidizing reaction, moisture content is 9-10wt%.
Wherein, monitor by the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and the flow sensor that arrange in reaction zone 3, the temperature that makes to be entered by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance the air of reaction zone 3 is 52-56 DEG C, humidity (being the moisture content containing in air) is 79-90% (volume), and flow is 28000-330000m
3/ h.
In a kind of embodiment, the 35-40% (volume) of the gas obtaining after oxidizing reaction is discharged from, remaining gas enters recycle gas outlet chamber for reverse V-shaped 14 by recycle gas outlet, filled into fresh air, then enter recycle gas inlet plenum by recirculation blower 9, and make its temperature reach 52-56 DEG C by humidifier 8 and interchanger 12, humidity reaches 79-90% (volume), then enter reaction zone 3 by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance, thereby realized circulation.In this working cycle, recycle gas enters behind reaction zone 3, through gap between the semicoke particle of the inside time, on the one hand for semicoke generation oxidizing reaction provides needed oxygen, supplement semicoke due to the moisture that evaporation consumes simultaneously, also taken away on the other hand the amount of heat that semicoke produces in reaction process.The volume of the fresh air preferably, being filled into equates with the volume of the gas being discharged from after oxidizing reaction.
The 5th step, more cooling.Semicoke after oxidizing reaction enters cooling zone 4 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in heat-eliminating medium indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature be down to 36-40 DEG C.Preferably, heat-eliminating medium is water coolant.
Be discharged from by dumper 5 through cooled finished product semicoke again.The aperture size of dumper 5 can regulate, and those skilled in the art, in actually operating, can regulate according to practical situation the aperture of dumper 5, thereby controls the residence time of semicoke in each district of semicoke passivating device of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The semicoke that brown coal obtain after low-temperature pyrolysis, its temperature is about 104 DEG C, and it is stored in feeding warehouse 1.Make semicoke enter first pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby is indirectly cooled to approximately 43 DEG C by the water coolant in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped.
Semicoke after pre-cooled enters the spray district in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, in spray district, to semicoke spray water, makes its moisture content reach 9-10wt% by the shower nozzle that arranges on weldless steel tube.
After water spray regulates, semicoke enters second pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in water coolant indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature remain on 60-64 DEG C.
Cooled semicoke enters each reaction member of reaction zone 3 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke by unit in length and breadth the outlet of reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance of arranged crosswise and recycle gas support for reverse V-shaped 14.Approximately 55 DEG C of temperature, the recycle gas of humidity approximately 80% (volume) is with 280000-330000m
3the flow of/h enters reaction zone 3 by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance.By regulating the aperture size of dumper, control semicoke interior stop 17 hours in reaction zone 3, so that semicoke reacts.In the semicoke obtaining after oxidizing reaction, moisture content is 9-10wt%.
After oxidizing reaction finishes, approximately 40% (volume) of the gas obtaining is discharged from, remaining gas enters recycle gas outlet chamber for reverse V-shaped 14 by recycle gas outlet, filled into and the isopyknic fresh air of expellant gas, then enter recycle gas inlet plenum by recirculation blower 9, and make its temperature reach approximately 55 DEG C by humidifier 8 and interchanger 12, humidity reaches 80% (volume), then enter reaction zone 3 by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance, thereby realized the circulation of process gas.
Semicoke after oxidizing reaction enters cooling zone 4 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in water coolant indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature be down to approximately 40 DEG C.
Discharged by dumper 5 through cooled finished product semicoke again.
Comparative example 1
The semicoke that brown coal obtain after low-temperature pyrolysis, its temperature is about 104 DEG C, and it is stored in feeding warehouse 1.Semicoke is entered to first pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby is indirectly cooled to approximately 43 DEG C by the water coolant in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped.
Semicoke after pre-cooled enters the spray district in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, in spray district, to semicoke spray water, makes its moisture content reach 9-10wt% by the shower nozzle that arranges on weldless steel tube.
After water spray regulates, semicoke enters second pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in water coolant indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature remain on 60-64 DEG C.
Cooled semicoke enters each reaction member of reaction zone 3 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke by unit in length and breadth the outlet of reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance of arranged crosswise and recycle gas support for reverse V-shaped 14.Approximately 55 DEG C of temperature, the recycle gas of humidity approximately 80% (volume) is with 280000-330000m
3the flow of/h enters reaction zone 3 by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance.By regulating the aperture size of dumper, control semicoke interior stop 3 hours in reaction zone 3, so that semicoke reacts.In the semicoke obtaining after oxidizing reaction, moisture content is 9-10wt%.
Semicoke after oxidizing reaction enters cooling zone 4 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in water coolant indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature be down to approximately 40 DEG C.
Discharged by dumper 5 through cooled finished product semicoke again.
Comparative example 2
The semicoke that brown coal obtain after low-temperature pyrolysis, its temperature is about 104 DEG C, and it is stored in feeding warehouse 1.Semicoke is entered to first pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby is indirectly cooled to approximately 43 DEG C by the water coolant in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped.
Semicoke after pre-cooled enters the spray district in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, in spray district, to semicoke spray water, makes its moisture content reach 9-10wt% by the shower nozzle that arranges on weldless steel tube.
After water spray regulates, semicoke enters second pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district 2 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in water coolant indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature remain on 60-64 DEG C.
Cooled semicoke enters each reaction member of reaction zone 3 downwards under action of gravity, semicoke by unit in length and breadth the outlet of reverse V-shaped 13 of the recycle gas entrance of arranged crosswise and recycle gas support for reverse V-shaped 14.Approximately 55 DEG C of temperature, the recycle gas of humidity approximately 80% (volume) is with 280000-330000m
3the flow of/h enters reaction zone 3 by reverse V-shaped 13 of recycle gas entrance.By regulating the aperture size of dumper, control semicoke interior stop 5 hours in reaction zone 3, so that semicoke reacts.In the semicoke obtaining after oxidizing reaction, moisture content is 9-10wt%.
Semicoke after oxidizing reaction enters cooling zone 4 downwards under action of gravity, and semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in water coolant indirect contact in the weldless steel tube that arranges, thereby make temperature be down to approximately 40 DEG C.
Discharged by dumper 5 through cooled finished product semicoke again.
Performance evaluation
experimental principle
Under the identical condition of the parameters such as, evaluation time consistent in semicoke and experimental box initial temperature, in experimental box, put into respectively the different semicoke samples of same amount (half of experimental box useful volume), after sealing, just above experimental box semicoke, form a seal cavity.Because the semicoke activity of different passivation effects is different, so just can be at the same temperature by measuring O in seal cavity
2wear rate, the rate of release of CO and the semicoke temperature rise rate of different floor heights, thereby be used for the semicoke passivation effect of more different samples.
sample is introduced
The semicoke that sample one: embodiment 1 obtains.
Sample two: the semicoke that brown coal obtain after low-temperature pyrolysis, it does not pass through any Passivation Treatment.
Sample three (a): the semicoke that comparative example 1 obtains.
Sample three (b): the semicoke that comparative example 2 obtains.
experimental result
As seen from Figure 4, As time goes on the oxygen content of sample one does not change, and sample one no longer consumes oxygen in experimental period; And the oxygen content of sample two, sample three (a) and sample three (b) As time goes on and gradually reduces, in test process, sample two, sample three (a) and sample three (b) still have oxygen depletion, and can find that by comparative sample three (a) and sample three (b) sample three (b) is because the treatment time will be longer than sample three (a), its speed that consumes oxygen is also lower, that is to say that its activity is also lower.
As seen from Figure 5, As time goes on sample one can't discharge CO, and sample two, sample three (a) and sample three (b) As time goes on all can have CO in various degree to discharge.
Can be found out by Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, adopt the semicoke (sample one) of method processing of the present invention to show the semicoke characteristic of complete passivation.
Claims (19)
1. a semicoke passivating device, is characterized in that, this device comprises the pre-cold water spray district (2), reaction zone (3) and cooling zone (4) that connect successively from top to bottom;
The unitized construction of reverse V-shaped of employing and weldless steel tube in pre-cold water spray district (2), wherein, reverse V-shaped is tubular structure, and cross section is reverse V-shaped, weldless steel tube inserts in reverse V-shaped hollow, and the outer wall of weldless steel tube contacts and is connected with the inwall of reverse V-shaped;
Reaction zone (3) is made up of multiple identical reaction members, in each reaction member, be provided with recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13) and reverse V-shaped (14) of recycle gas outlet, recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13) and reverse V-shaped (14) arranged crosswise in length and breadth of recycle gas outlet, recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13) and recycle gas outlet reverse V-shaped (14) are tubular structures, cross section is reverse V-shaped, gas enters each reaction member by recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13), gas exports reverse V-shaped (14) by recycle gas and leaves each reaction member,
Outside, reaction zone (3) is provided with recycle gas inlet plenum and recycle gas outlet chamber, recycle gas inlet plenum and recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13) are connected, and recycle gas outlet chamber is connected with recycle gas outlet reverse V-shaped (14);
Cooling zone (4) is made up of multiple identical cooling units, the unitized construction of reverse V-shaped of employing and weldless steel tube in each cooling unit, wherein, reverse V-shaped is tubular structure, cross section is reverse V-shaped, weldless steel tube inserts in reverse V-shaped hollow, and the outer wall of weldless steel tube contacts and is connected with the inwall of reverse V-shaped.
2. semicoke passivating device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reverse V-shaped, reverse V-shaped (13) of described recycle gas entrance and the reverse V-shaped tubular structure that (14) are lower openings of described recycle gas outlet.
3. semicoke passivating device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described pre-cold water spray district (2) is divided into the first pre-cooling zone, spray district and the second pre-cooling zone from top to bottom.
4. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that, outside, described reaction zone (3) is provided with 2 recycle gas inlet plenums and 2 recycle gas outlet chamber, is sealed chamber.
5. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, top, described pre-cold water spray district (2) is provided with feeding warehouse (1), is provided with height level sensing transducer in feeding warehouse (1).
6. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that, described feeding warehouse (1) top is provided with rotary feeder, and rotary feeder and described feeding warehouse (1) are tightly connected.
7. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-6 any one, it is characterized in that, described cooling zone (4) below is provided with dumper (5).
8. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-7 any one, it is characterized in that, described reaction zone is provided with sensor in (3).
9. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that, between described recycle gas outlet chamber and described recycle gas inlet plenum, be provided with recirculation blower (9), the entrance of recirculation blower (9) is connected with described recycle gas outlet chamber, and the outlet of recirculation blower (9) is connected with described recycle gas inlet plenum.
10. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-9 any one, it is characterized in that, described semicoke passivating device is further provided with interchanger (12) and humidifier (8), and interchanger (12) and humidifier (8) are set in turn between recycle gas entrance in recycle gas inlet plenum and reaction zone (3) reverse V-shaped (13).
11. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-10 any one, it is characterized in that, described recycle gas inlet plenum and described recycle gas outlet chamber below are provided with corresponding ash bucket (11).
12. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-11 any one, it is characterized in that, described reaction zone (3) are made up of 24 identical reaction members.
13. according to the semicoke passivating device described in claim 1-12 any one, it is characterized in that, described cooling zone (4) are made up of 2 identical cooling units.
14. 1 kinds of semicoke passivating methods, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-cooled: raw material semicoke enters first pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district (2), semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby indirectly cooling by the heat-eliminating medium institute in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped, the starting temperature of raw material semicoke is 100-104 DEG C, is 40-45 DEG C through cooled temperature;
(2) water spray regulates: the semicoke that step (1) obtains enters the spray district in pre-cold water spray district (2) downwards under action of gravity, in spray district, to semicoke spray water, makes its moisture content reach 9-10wt%;
(3) cooling: the semicoke that step (2) obtains enters second pre-cooling zone in pre-cold water spray district (2) downwards under action of gravity, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, with reverse V-shaped in arrange weldless steel tube in heat-eliminating medium indirect contact, thereby make temperature remain on 60-64 DEG C;
(4) oxidizing reaction: the semicoke that step (3) obtains enters each reaction member of reaction zone (3) downwards under action of gravity, semicoke is by each reaction member, the recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13) of arranged crosswise and recycle gas outlet reverse V-shaped (14) support in length and breadth, react 15-17 hour with the air that enters reaction zone (3) by recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13), in the semicoke obtaining, moisture content is 9-10wt%;
(5) cooling again: the semicoke that step (4) obtains enters cooling zone (4) downwards under action of gravity, semicoke is through reverse V-shaped outside, thereby is indirectly cooled to 36-40 DEG C by the heat-eliminating medium in the weldless steel tube arranging in reverse V-shaped.
15. semicoke passivating methods according to claim 14, is characterized in that, described heat-eliminating medium is water coolant.
16. according to the semicoke passivating method described in claims 14 or 15, it is characterized in that, in step (2), in spray district, to the service water after semicoke spray filtering.
17. according to the semicoke passivating method described in claim 14-16 any one, it is characterized in that, the 35-40% (volume) of the gas obtaining after step (4) oxidizing reaction is discharged from, remaining gas enters recycle gas outlet chamber by recycle gas outlet reverse V-shaped (14), filled into fresh air, then enter recycle gas inlet plenum by recirculation blower (9), and make its temperature reach 52-56 DEG C by humidifier (8) and interchanger (12), humidity reaches 79-90% (volume), then enter reverse V-shaped of the recycle gas entrance (13) of reaction zone (3).
18. semicoke passivating methods according to claim 17, is characterized in that, the volume of the fresh air being filled into equates with the volume of the gas being discharged from after step (4) oxidizing reaction.
19. according to the semicoke passivating method described in claim 14-18 any one, it is characterized in that, in step (4), the temperature that enters the air of reaction zone (3) by recycle gas entrance reverse V-shaped (13) is 52-56 DEG C, humidity is 79-90% (volume), and flow is 280000-330000m
3/ h.
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| CN105038898A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-11-11 | 湖南华银能源技术有限公司 | Semicoke passivation technology and system |
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