CN103979822B - A kind of dispersive soil modifier and preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of dispersive soil modifier and preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103979822B CN103979822B CN201410178731.5A CN201410178731A CN103979822B CN 103979822 B CN103979822 B CN 103979822B CN 201410178731 A CN201410178731 A CN 201410178731A CN 103979822 B CN103979822 B CN 103979822B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dispersed modifier and preparation and application thereof, the dispersive soil modifier making is made up of following raw material and mass percent thereof: aluminium salt: 15%～25%, solid acid: 20%～60%, high molecular weight water soluble polymer: 20%～60%, the percentage sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%, can be made into powdery and aqueous two kinds. Aluminium salt selective chlorination aluminium, aluminum sulfate or alum etc.; Solid acid is selected trichloroacetic acid, periodic acid, dinitrobenzoic acid or ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid etc.; High molecular polymer is selected polyacrylamide or modified cellulose etc. This modifier can reduce sodium ions content and acid-base value in the soil body, increases intergranular cement, improves soil body dispersiveness, strengthens the erosion wear resistance of the soil body, improves the tensile strength of the soil body, meets the demand of engineering construction. Can be widely used in all kinds of hydraulic engineerings and the road engineering etc. that adopt dispersive soil to build.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil construction material technology field, relate in dispersive soil Distribution Area and build reservoirThe hydraulic engineerings such as dam, the anti-seepage of channels, embankment reinforcement, road foundation, water and soil conservation, side slope protection,The soil body of road engineering is material modified, particularly a kind of dispersive soil modifier and preparation and application side thereofMethod.
Background technology
Dispersive soil is one of special great soil group that Geotechnical Engineering circle is relatively paid close attention in recent years, and it is at low saline salinityIn water, the mutual repulsive force of (or in pure water) interionic exceedes the power of attracting each other, sticking between fine grainedPoly-even total loss of power major part, causes soil body particle self-dispersing. Engineering practice shows, dispersivenessThe erosion resistance of soil is very low, easily causes the generation of the engineering accident such as dike piping, destabilization of roadbed, because ofThis harmfulness is very big. Some homogeneous of Oklahoma, United States Wister dam, western australiaThe overboard storehouse, ridge of drawing tender engineering, Hainan Province in dam, Hispanic SanJuan reservoir dam, Heilungkiang etc.Dam body or water retaining structure destroy, all owing to adopting dispersive soil to cause. Send out through researchExisting, the dispersal mechanism of dispersive soil is mainly to contain more sodium ion in the soil body, and soil body acid-base value isStrong basicity (pH is greater than 8.5), and between soil particle, be not enough to the cement (as glutinous grain) of repression of swelling.
China's dispersive soil is widely distributed, from south to north, have Hainan overboard storehouse, ridge, Heilungkiang draw tender workJourney, having from the east to the west the Guanlu reservoir in Shandong, E Jike (crow) hydraulic engineering of drawing in Xinjiang is all to adoptDispersive soil after modification, therefore uses dispersive soil filling earth material and can not keep away as engineerings such as dykes and damsExempt from. Facts have proved, although dispersive soil can bring serious harm to engineering, as long as take scientific and reasonableMeasure, just can effectively prevent the destruction of dispersive soil. At present, in engineering, general employing addedThe method of additive is improved native dispersiveness, and additive can be selected lime, cement, flyash, sulphurThe multiple materials such as acid aluminium, calcium chloride, aluminium chloride, but adopt lime treatment dispersive soil more. Due to limeMix after the soil body, with soil body particle or self, a series of physical-chemical reaction can occur, as anti-in volcanic ashShould, exchange adsorption reaction, hydrolysis, carbonation reaction etc., can improve drawing between soil body particlePower, effectively overcomes the peptizaiton of dispersive soil. But engineering practice shows, adopts lime modified dispersionProperty soil, cause the soil body fragility increase, pH raise, and lime mix the soil body due to stir inhomogeneousAnd affect modified effect, cause its application and popularization to be subject to certain restrictions.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of dispersive soil modifier and preparation and application method thereof, makeDispersive soil modifier can significantly reduce the dispersiveness of dispersive soil, improves the engineering of dispersive soilCan, can meet the requirement of all kinds of engineerings to soil body anti-erosion property and mechanical property.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
A kind of dispersive soil modifier, is characterized in that, this dispersive soil modifier making is by former belowMaterial forms according to mass percent: aluminium salt: 15%～25%, and solid acid: 20%～60%, water-solubleHigh molecular polymer: 20%～60%, the percentage sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned aluminium salt selective chlorination aluminium, aluminum sulfate or alum. Solid acid selects threeMonoxone, periodic acid, dinitrobenzoic acid or ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid. High molecular weight water soluble polymer is selectedPolyacrylamide or modified cellulose.
The preparation method of above-mentioned dispersive soil modifier, according to form difference, can be divided into two by preparation methodKind, i.e. powdery and aqueous.
The preparation method of powdery dispersive soil modifier is that above-mentioned raw materials is put into and stirred according to certain ratioMix in container and carry out mix, stirred vessel must adopt acid-proof corrosion material, is sealed in anti-acid corrosion after mixing thoroughlyIn container, preserve, form powdered modified dose;
The preparation method of aqueous dispersive soil modifier is, above-mentioned raw materials is put into anti-acid corrosion container,Mix water according to certain concentration and be heated to 50 DEG C～60 DEG C processing of liquefying, put into anti-acid corrosion and holdIn device, sealing is preserved, and forms aqueous modifier.
Dispersive soil modifier prepared by the present invention, has easy construction, economical and efficient, environmental protection and energy savingFeature, it is applicable to the different classes of dispersive soil such as physical dispersive soil and chemistry dispersive soil.By modifier and soil body generation series of physical chemical reaction, strengthen the cohesion between soil body particle,Improve the erosion wear resistance of the soil body, improve the strength characteristics of the soil body, make it meet the requirement of engineering property. ThisInvention can be widely used in the reservoir dam, the anti-seepage of channels, embankment reinforcement, the road that adopt dispersive soil to buildThe engineerings such as road roadbed, water and soil conservation, side slope protection, to ensureing construction quality, reduce energy resource consumption, fallingLow construction costs has great importance with making rational use of resources.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment providing below in conjunction with principle of the present invention and inventor does further the present inventionDescribe in detail.
Dispersive soil modifier mechanism of action prepared by the present invention is mainly: the aluminium ion in aluminium salt is passableDisplace the sodium ion of soil particle absorption, improve the high-valence cationic content in the soil body, reduce sodium in the soil bodyThe relative amount of ion, the electric double layer thickness attenuation of soil body particle, intergranular repulsion reduces gravitation and increases,Make soil particle flocculation. It is acid that solid acid is, and can reduce soil body alkalescence, suppresses the degree of dissociation of hydroxyl, makesObtain net negative charge number and reduce, also can make the attenuation of electric double layer thickness, soil particle flocculation. In addition, solid acid andCarbonate reaction in the hydrogen ion producing after aluminium salt hydrolysis and the soil body, generates calcium ion, and this has also increased soilDivalent calcium ion concentration in body, suppresses chemistry and disperses. High molecular weight water soluble polymer is bonded in soil particleBetween, by grafting or crosslinked side chain or the network structure of obtaining, promote soil aggregate to form, improvePhysical dispersion. By aluminium salt (aluminium chloride, aluminum sulfate, alum etc.), solid acid (trichloroacetic acid,Periodic acid, dinitrobenzoic acid, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid etc.) and high molecular weight water soluble polymer (polypropyleneAcid amides, modified cellulose etc.) mix according to certain ratio, make dispersive soil modifier. DispersedModifier adds after the soil body, and series of physical chemical reaction occurs between soil particle, increases in the soil bodyHigh-valence cationic content, the alkalescence of the reduction soil body, increases intergranular cement content, thereby promotes soilThe formation of earth crumb structure, strengthens the cohesion between soil particle, improves the erosion wear resistance of the soil body, makes pointThe engineering property of loose property soil is improved.
The present embodiment provides a kind of dispersive soil modifier, and its mass percent consists of: aluminium salt: 15%～25%, solid acid: 20%～60%, high molecular weight water soluble polymer: 20%～60%, above-mentioned raw materialsPercentage sum be 100%.
Above-mentioned dispersive soil modifier can be made powdered modified dose or aqueous modifier, that is:
Above-mentioned material is put into mixer according to certain ratio and carry out mix, stirred vessel must adopt anti-Acid corrosion material, is sealed in after mixing thoroughly in anti-acid corrosion container and preserves, and forms powdered modified dose; Or
Above-mentioned material is put into anti-acid corrosion container, mix water according to certain concentration and be heated to50 DEG C～60 DEG C processing of liquefying, put into anti-acid corrosion container sealing and preserve, and form aqueous modifier.
Using method:
Powdered modified dose is dissolved in the water modifier in use at the scene, the formation solution that stirs,Be sprayed in the soil body, mix thoroughly, operate according to engineering construction program; Aqueous modifier is according to certainConcentration dilution, is sprayed in the soil body, mixes thoroughly, operates according to engineering construction program.
Be below the embodiment that inventor provides, it should be noted that, the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.On the basis of test, can on the basis of orthogonal test, carry out according to different soil properties each constituent content tuneWhole, form the modifier that is applicable to different classes of dispersive soil.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of dispersive soil modifier and dispersed differentiation test
Dispersed soil sample 1: the earth material of building a dam that is selected from Qinghai dam. The particle machinery of dispersed soil sample 1Composition is taking powder (0.075～0.005mm) as main, and its content is 63.0%, glutinous grain (< 0.005mm)Content 16.0%, sand grain content (> 0.075mm) 21.0%, belongs to silty clay. This earth material belongs toPhysical dispersive soil.
The composition of dispersive soil modifier and preparation (mass percent): aluminium salt (aluminium chloride): 20%,Solid acid (trichloroacetic acid): 20%, high molecular weight water soluble polymer (polyacrylamide): 60%.
Above-mentioned raw materials is put into stirred vessel and carry out mix, stirred vessel adopts acid-proof corrosion material, mixesAfter even, be sealed in airtight preservation in anti-acid corrosion container, form the modifier of powdery.
Using method: concentration (the dispersive soil modifier: dispersive soil that is 1:100 according to mass ratioSample 1) powdered modified dose is dissolved in the water, can adopt the modes such as stirring, heating to increase rate of dissolution.
Test method: the solution of above-mentioned modifier is evenly sprayed in dispersed soil sample 1, places 8More than hour, make it that physical-chemical reaction fully occur. Dispersed soil sample 1 is formulated into optimum moisture content,Compactness is taken as 0.98, employing pinhole test, broken soil test and the double hydrometer test comprehensive distinguishing soil bodyDispersed. Pinhole test mainly measures after the water flow, off-test of the pin hole of flowing through under different headsPinhole aperture and observation current color; Broken soil test is mainly observed the dispersion shape of soil block particle in waterWith the muddy situation of burning water in the cup; Double hydrometer test mainly reflects that by decentralization soil sample does not add dispersantThe glutinous grain content of the glutinous grain content of measuring under the condition of not boiling and standard test method mensuration soil sampleRatio.
Result of the test: do not add the dispersed soil sample 1 of dispersive soil modifier, pinhole test is at 50mmThe erosion soil body 5 minutes under head, water outlet current muddiness, the about 3mm of pin hole erosion; In broken soil test, divideThe loose very fast disintegration of property soil sample 1, and there is a large amount of clay micelles in beaker bottom; Double hydrometer test is surveyedThe decentralization of fixed dispersed soil sample 1 is more than 60%. But, in this dispersiveness soil sample 1, add above-mentionedAfter dispersed modifier prepared by method, pinhole test erosion soil body 5 minutes under 1020mm head,Water outlet current are limpid, and pin hole remains unchanged, and are still 1mm; In broken soil test, dispersed soil sample 1 collapsesSolution speed obviously slows down, and clay micelle does not appear in beaker bottom; Double hydrometer test is measured the soil bodyDecentralization below 30%. Show thus, in dispersed soil sample 1, add dispersive soil modifier, disperseProperty soil sample 1 changes non-dispersive soil into by dispersive soil. In addition, do not add dispersive soil modifierThe tensile strength of dispersed soil sample 1 is 5.85kPa, when adding after dispersive soil modifier, and dispersive soilThe tensile strength of sample 1 is elevated to 7.58kPa, and tensile strength improves 29.6%.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of dispersive soil modifier and dispersed differentiation test
Dispersed soil sample 2: the Yangling loess of decentralized processing, i.e. admixture 0.16% in Yangling loessSodium carbonate, makes it have chemical dispersion. The particle mechanical composition of dispersed soil sample 2 with powder (0.075～Be 0.005mm) main, its content is 74.0%, glutinous grain (< 0.005mm) content 25.4%, and sand grains containsAmount (> 0.075mm) 0.7%, belongs to silty clay. This dispersiveness soil sample 2 belongs to chemistry dispersivenessSoil.
The composition of dispersive soil modifier and preparation (mass percent): aluminium salt (aluminium chloride): 20%,Solid acid (trichloroacetic acid): 60%, high molecular weight water soluble polymer (polyacrylamide): 20%.
Above-mentioned material is put into anti-acid corrosion container, mix water according to certain concentration and be heated to 50DEG C～60 DEG C of processing of liquefying, put into anti-acid corrosion container sealing and preserve, form aqueous modifier.
Using method: the concentration that is 1:100 according to mass ratio (dispersive soil modifier dry: pointLoose property soil sample 2) aqueous modifier is dissolved in the water, can adopt the modes such as stirring, heating to increase dissolvingSpeed.
Test method: the solution of above-mentioned modifier is evenly sprayed in dispersed soil sample 2, places 8More than hour, make it that physical-chemical reaction fully occur. Dispersed soil sample 2 is formulated into optimum moisture content,Compactness is taken as 0.98, employing pinhole test, broken soil test and the double hydrometer test comprehensive distinguishing soil bodyDispersed. Pinhole test mainly measures after the water flow, off-test of the pin hole of flowing through under different headsPinhole aperture and observation current color; Broken soil test is mainly observed the dispersion shape of soil block particle in waterWith the muddy situation of burning water in the cup; Double hydrometer test mainly reflects that by decentralization soil sample does not add dispersantThe glutinous grain content of the glutinous grain content of measuring under the condition of not boiling and standard test method mensuration soil sampleRatio.
Result of the test: do not add the dispersed soil sample 2 of dispersive soil modifier, pinhole test is at 50mmThe erosion soil body 5 minutes under head, water outlet current muddiness, the about 3mm of pin hole erosion; In broken soil test, divideThe loose very fast disintegration of property soil sample 2, and there is a large amount of clay micelles in beaker bottom; Double hydrometer test is surveyedDetermine the decentralization of the soil body more than 60%. But, in this dispersiveness soil sample 2, add said method preparationModifier after, pinhole test erosion soil body 5 minutes under 1020mm head, water outlet current are limpid,Pin hole remains unchanged, and is still 1mm; In broken soil test, dispersed soil sample 2 disintegration rates obviously slow down,And there is not clay micelle in beaker bottom; Double hydrometer test is measured the decentralization of dispersed soil sample 2Below 30%. Show thus, in dispersed soil sample 2, add dispersive soil modifier, dispersed soil sample 2Change non-dispersive soil into by dispersive soil. In addition do not add, the dispersed soil sample of dispersed native modifier2 tensile strength is 20.08kPa, when adding after dispersive soil modifier, and the tension of dispersed soil sample 2Intensity is elevated to 33.41kPa, and tensile strength improves 66.4%.
Above-described embodiment is only preferred embodiment, and certainly, the composition of dispersive soil modifier is all rightIn formula range of the present invention, select, aluminium salt is selected between 15%～25%, and solid acid existsBetween 20%～60%, select, high molecular weight water soluble polymer, 20%～60% selection, all can obtainTo dispersive soil modifier.
Claims (3)
1. a dispersive soil modifier, is characterized in that, this dispersive soil modifier making by withLower raw material forms by mass percentage: aluminium salt: 15%～25%, and solid acid: 20%～60%, water-solubleProperty high molecular polymer: 20%～60%, the percentage sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%;
Aluminium salt selective chlorination aluminium, aluminum sulfate or alum;
Solid acid is selected trichloroacetic acid, periodic acid, dinitrobenzoic acid or ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid;
High molecular weight water soluble polymer is selected polyacrylamide or modified cellulose;
The preparation method of described dispersive soil modifier, puts into mixer by the raw material of formula ratio and carries outMix, stirred vessel must adopt acid-proof corrosion material, and after mixing thoroughly, be sealed in anti-acid corrosion container and preserve,Form powdered modified dose; Or
The raw material of formula ratio is put into anti-acid corrosion container, mix water according to certain concentration, be heated to50 DEG C～60 DEG C processing of liquefying, then put into anti-acid corrosion container sealing and preserve, and form aqueous changingProperty agent.
2. dispersive soil modifier claimed in claim 1 is for the application of chemistry dispersive soil modification.
3. application as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, dispersive soil modifier is being constructedScene is dissolved in the water according to certain ratio, stirs and forms uniform solution, is sprayed in the soil body, mixesClose evenly, operate according to operational procedure.
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| CN108867611B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-10-23 | 石连娥 | Method for reinforcing sandy clay by using modified protein to tamp montmorillonite |
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| CN102504827A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2012-06-20 | 中南大学 | Soil solidifying agent with compound function and use method thereof |
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| 不同介质环境对黏土分散性的影响及分散性黏土改性研究;卢雪清 等;《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》;20110531;第39卷(第05期);第208-214页 * |
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