CN103972017B - A kind of U-shaped PMT of direct-reading spectrometer - Google Patents
A kind of U-shaped PMT of direct-reading spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103972017B CN103972017B CN201410212893.6A CN201410212893A CN103972017B CN 103972017 B CN103972017 B CN 103972017B CN 201410212893 A CN201410212893 A CN 201410212893A CN 103972017 B CN103972017 B CN 103972017B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
nullThe invention discloses the U-shaped PMT of a kind of direct-reading spectrometer，It is characterized in that，Including U-shaped shell，Described U-shaped shell includes the first arm and the second arm that communicate，Described first arm is provided with the incidence window of incident illumination，Photocathode and several level electron emitter it are disposed with in the first arm，Intersection at the first arm and the second arm is provided with level electron emitter of conversion，Several level electron emitter and anodes it are disposed with in described second arm，Incident illumination is mapped on photocathode，Photocathode launches photoelectron，Photoelectron reaches level electron emitter of conversion through the Secondary Emission of several level electron emitter of the first arm successively，The Secondary Emission of a converted level electron emitter reaches several level electron emitter and anodes of the second arm，It is provided with regulated power supply between described photocathode and anode，Often it is connected by resistance electrical between an adjacent level electron emitter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the U-shaped PMT of a kind of direct-reading spectrometer, i.e. a kind of U-shaped photomultiplier tube.
Background technology
The photo-electric conversion element that current domestic photo-electric direct reading spectrometer device adopts is all PMT, PMT(photomultiplier tube) it is a staple product in photon technology device, it is a kind of light-detecting device with high sensitivity and ultrafast time response.PMT for being transformed into current signal amplified current by the intensity of spectral line.
Traditional PMT has tile shape electrode structure and end window type structure, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, wherein the 1-3(in 1-9, the Fig. 2 in Fig. 1 illustrate only 3 for the succinct Fig. 1 of picture) it is all a level electron emitter, 0 is photocathode, and 10 is anode, and 11 is incident illumination, 12 is focusing grid, 13 is Muscovitum screen, and 14 is incidence window, R and R1-4 is resistance.Wherein tile shape electrode structure is as shown in Figure 1, its structure is complicated, error is big, and easily produces interference effect measurement result between electrode, and end window type structure is as shown in Figure 2, its structure is fairly simple comparatively speaking, but for multiple (general photomultiplier tube has 7～12) level electron emitter, the shell of PMT is oversize, owing to mostly the shell of PMT is glass structure, being easily damaged, overall structure hardness reduces.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention provides the U-shaped PMT of a kind of direct-reading spectrometer, and the structure of PMT is improved, it is to avoid the outer cover length direction of PMT is long and causes being easily damaged, and on the other hand, overall structure keeps relatively simple state.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reaching above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
nullA kind of U-shaped PMT of direct-reading spectrometer，It is characterized in that，Including U-shaped shell，Described U-shaped shell includes the first arm and the second arm that communicate，Described first arm is provided with the incidence window of incident illumination，Photocathode and several level electron emitter it are disposed with in the first arm，Intersection at the first arm and the second arm is provided with level electron emitter of conversion，Several level electron emitter and anodes it are disposed with in described second arm，Incident illumination is mapped on photocathode，Photocathode launches photoelectron，Photoelectron reaches level electron emitter of conversion through the Secondary Emission of several level electron emitter of the first arm successively，The Secondary Emission of a converted level electron emitter reaches several level electron emitter and anodes of the second arm，It is provided with regulated power supply between described photocathode and anode，Often it is connected by resistance electrical between an adjacent level electron emitter.
Compared with tile shape electrode structure, the overall structure of the present invention is very simple, error is little, being easily controlled, certainty of measurement is high, compared with end window type structure, a same amount of level electron emitter, its length can reduce half, even if adopting the shell of glass material, it is also possible to the outer cover length direction effectively avoiding PMT is long and causes the phenomenon being easily damaged.
In actual applications, regulated power supply generally selects 900-1200V DC voltage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the structure of PMT is improved, it is to avoid the outer cover length direction of PMT is long and causes being easily damaged, and overall structure keeps relatively simple state.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional PMT tile shape electrode structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is traditional PMT end window type structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the U-shaped PMT of a kind of direct-reading spectrometer of the present invention；
The labelling implication of accompanying drawing is as follows:
0: photocathode；1-9: level electron emitter；10: anode；11: incident illumination；12: focusing grid；13: Muscovitum screen；14 incidence windows；15: the first arms；16: the second arms；D1-D7: level electron emitter.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention being described in further detail, so that those skilled in the art can be better understood from the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
As it is shown on figure 3, the U-shaped PMT of a kind of direct-reading spectrometer, its basic functional principle is photoelectric effect, photoelectric basis recycles Secondary-emission multipbcation phenomenon and makes, specifically including U-shaped shell, its U-shaped enclosure is evacuated, and U-shaped shell can be glass material or quartz material.
U-shaped shell includes the first arm 15 and the second arm 16 communicated, described first arm 15 is provided with the incidence window 14 of incident illumination 11, it is disposed with photocathode 0 and several level electron emitter to the left from right side in the first arm 15, for the ease of describing and keeping consistent with Fig. 3, just it is described with Fig. 3 position shown and quantity, namely in the first arm 15, upper right side is provided with incidence window 14, owing to the intensity of spectral line is general very faint, so the cleaning of incidence window 14 should be kept, it is to avoid hands touches and leaves a trace.Photocathode 0 is set immediately below incidence window 14, keep at a certain distance away to the left from right side and set gradually once level electron emitter D1, level electron emitter D2 and level electron emitter D3, it is provided with conversion level electron emitter D4 vertical with level electron emitter with the left side in the intersection of the second arm 16 and figure at the first arm 15, it should be noted that level electron emitter D4 of conversion is also a level electron emitter, for the ease of distinguishing, therefore its called after is changed a level electron emitter, its effect is that from the first arm 15, secondary photon is redirect to the second arm 16.
Same, it being disposed with 3 level electron emitters and anode 10, i.e. a level electron emitter D5, a level electron emitter D6 and a level electron emitter D7 to the right from left side in the second arm 16, second arm 16 rightmost side is provided with anode 10.
Being provided with regulated power supply between described photocathode 0 and anode 10, in actual applications, regulated power supply generally selects 900-1200V DC voltage.nullOften it is connected by resistance electrical between an adjacent level electron emitter，Specifically: be electrically connected by resistance R101 between photocathode 0 and a level electron emitter D1，It is electrically connected by resistance R102 between level electron emitter D1 and a level electron emitter D2，It is electrically connected by resistance R103 between level electron emitter D2 and a level electron emitter D3，It is electrically connected by resistance R104 between level electron emitter D3 and level electron emitter D4 of conversion，Change and be electrically connected by resistance R105 between a level electron emitter D4 and a level electron emitter D5，It is electrically connected by resistance R106 between level electron emitter D5 and a level electron emitter D6，It is electrically connected by resistance R107 between level electron emitter D6 and a level electron emitter D7，It is electrically connected by resistance R108 between level electron emitter D7 and the power supply of anode 10，Anode 10 outfan is also connected with resistance R109，Wherein the two ends of resistance R109 are as end points OUT1 and the OUT2 of output.
Incident illumination 11 is irradiated on the photocathode 0 in the first arm 15 by incidence window 14, photocathode 0 launches photoelectron, photoelectron accelerates to drop on a level electron emitter D1, hit secondary electron, these secondary electrons are fallen on a level electron emitter D2 by electric field acceleration again, and hit more secondary electron, successively through a level electron emitter D3, change a level electron emitter D4, level electron emitter D5, level electron emitter D6 and level electron emitter D7, what be finally reached anode 10 is large numbers of secondary electrons, figure only show the secondary electron that part increases, several only with an arrow signal below.The intensity of spectral line is transformed into current signal amplified current by U-shaped PMT.
Compared with tile shape electrode structure, the overall structure of the present invention is very simple, error is little, being easily controlled, certainty of measurement is high, compared with end window type structure, a same amount of level electron emitter, its length can reduce half, even if adopting the shell of glass material, it is also possible to the outer cover length direction effectively avoiding PMT is long and causes the phenomenon being easily damaged.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent structure utilizing description of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to make or equivalence flow process conversion; or directly or indirectly it is used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner includes in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- null1. the U-shaped PMT of a direct-reading spectrometer，It is characterized in that，Including U-shaped shell，Described U-shaped shell includes the first arm and the second arm that communicate，Described first arm is provided with the incidence window of incident illumination，Photocathode and several level electron emitter it are disposed with in the first arm，Intersection at the first arm and the second arm is provided with level electron emitter of conversion，Several level electron emitter and anodes it are disposed with in described second arm，Incident illumination is mapped on photocathode，Photocathode launches photoelectron，Photoelectron reaches level electron emitter of conversion through the Secondary Emission of several level electron emitter of the first arm successively，The Secondary Emission of a converted level electron emitter reaches several level electron emitter and anodes of the second arm，It is provided with regulated power supply between described photocathode and anode，Often it is connected by resistance electrical between an adjacent level electron emitter；Described U-shaped shell is glass material and inside is evacuated, or, described U-shaped shell is quartz material and inside is evacuated；Described regulated power supply is 900-1200V DC voltage, is provided with 3 level electron emitters in described first arm, is provided with 3 level electron emitters in described second arm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410212893.6A CN103972017B (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | A kind of U-shaped PMT of direct-reading spectrometer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410212893.6A CN103972017B (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | A kind of U-shaped PMT of direct-reading spectrometer |
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| CN103972017A CN103972017A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| CN103972017B true CN103972017B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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| CN110828277A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-21 | 上海裕达实业有限公司 | Integrated form multiplication detection device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2176221A (en) * | 1934-07-05 | 1939-10-17 | Emi Ltd | Electron discharge apparatus |
| US2676282A (en) * | 1951-04-09 | 1954-04-20 | Rca Corp | Photocathode for multiplier tubes |
| US3688145A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1972-08-29 | Donald K Coles | Light detector having wedge-shaped photocathode and accelerating grid structure |
| US3693004A (en) * | 1970-07-01 | 1972-09-19 | Monsanto Co | Reflex type electron multiplier |
| CN1444770A (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-09-24 | 滨松光子学株式会社 | Photomultiplier |
| CN203910745U (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏鑫知源仪器有限公司 | A U-shaped PMT of a direct-reading spectrometer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010177120A (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-12 | Ulvac Japan Ltd | Ion detector and quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with the same, and faraday cup |
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2014
- 2014-05-20 CN CN201410212893.6A patent/CN103972017B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2176221A (en) * | 1934-07-05 | 1939-10-17 | Emi Ltd | Electron discharge apparatus |
| US2676282A (en) * | 1951-04-09 | 1954-04-20 | Rca Corp | Photocathode for multiplier tubes |
| US3693004A (en) * | 1970-07-01 | 1972-09-19 | Monsanto Co | Reflex type electron multiplier |
| US3688145A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1972-08-29 | Donald K Coles | Light detector having wedge-shaped photocathode and accelerating grid structure |
| CN1444770A (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-09-24 | 滨松光子学株式会社 | Photomultiplier |
| CN203910745U (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏鑫知源仪器有限公司 | A U-shaped PMT of a direct-reading spectrometer |
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| CN103972017A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
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