CN103969801B - The method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens and refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens of no focusing - Google Patents
The method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens and refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens of no focusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969801B CN103969801B CN201410186359.2A CN201410186359A CN103969801B CN 103969801 B CN103969801 B CN 103969801B CN 201410186359 A CN201410186359 A CN 201410186359A CN 103969801 B CN103969801 B CN 103969801B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens and refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens of no focusing, wherein, the method includes：According to lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness setting N group lens between L, so that incident illumination is adjusted by N group lens, wherein, N >=3, and all using different infrared optical materials between every group of lens, need between the lens group of different infrared optical materials to meet following condition：Total focal power that is focal power and being equal to camera lens of different materials lens group；The focal power of different materials and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；The focal power of different materials and the ratio of Abbe number and be equal to zero；By refrigeration type infrared detector, the incident illumination after adjusting is imaged.By using the present invention, the corresponding depth of field can cover all positions in investigative range, can make target blur-free imaging, solve the problems, such as prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infrared imaging field, more particularly to a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens and no focusing system
Cold mould infrared imaging camera lens.
Background technology
Need when designing optical system for optical lens arranging thing away from when object distance change is in field depth, it is still
Old energy blur-free imaging；When object distance change exceedes field depth it is necessary to adjust focus adjusting mechanism so that image planes is put down with detector
Face overlaps.According to the relation of object distance and the depth of field, object distance is more remote, and the depth of field is bigger.In the object distance system of infinity, because object distance is remote,
The depth of field is big, and therefore in certain object distance range, imaging can not be focused or focusing amount is smaller；And in close shot imaging, due to
Object distance reduces and leads to the depth of field to reduce, it cannot be guaranteed that close shot and distant view blur-free imaging simultaneously when the depth of field is too small.In order to see clearly different away from
From target it is necessary to be focused, and focusing amount be much larger than remote imaging system.Meanwhile, temperature change also results in picture
Face drift and image quality decline, and General System is also to be compensated by focus adjusting mechanism.
Some closely apply in, close shot detect thermal imaging system detect when cannot predict things of interest will appear in away from
From camera lens how far position, focusing can only be arranged on a certain fixed position, if its depth of field can not cover investigative range
Interior all positions, once object deviates farther out, not focusing just cannot be to target blur-free imaging of interest.
It is known that general imaging lens are required for focus adjusting mechanism and are focused, have of both reason, one be due to
The image planes skew that object distance change leads to；Two is the image planes skew that temperature change leads to.
In refrigeration mode, the design of close shot imaging infrared optical system, because object distance gets over hour, the image planes that its change causes
Skew is bigger, and the focusing amount leading to close shot imaging lens is than larger.Focusing amount can lead to greatly in refrigeration mode infrared system
Problem：One is to make the cold picture of system significant changes occur it is not easy to eliminate in refrigeration mode system because focusing amount is big；Two are
Focus adjusting mechanism increases the complexity of system, reduces the convenience of reliability and use.
Content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens and refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens of no focusing, in order to
Solve, in prior art, focusing can only be arranged on a certain fixed position, if its depth of field can not cover in investigative range
All positions, once object deviate farther out, not focusing just cannot be to the problem of target blur-free imaging of interest.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, on the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens, including：
According to lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness setting N group lens between L, so that incident illumination passes through
Described N group lens are adjusted, wherein, all using different infrared optical materials between N >=3, and every group of lens, different infrared
Need between the lens group of optical material to meet following condition：Total light that is focal power and being equal to camera lens of different materials lens group is burnt
Degree；The focal power of different materials and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；The focal power of different materials and the ratio of Abbe number
With equal to zero；By refrigeration type infrared detector, the described incident illumination after adjusting is imaged.
Further, determine lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness between L according to equation below：Wherein, δ is disperse circular diameter, L1For being imaged work
Make the near point of distance, L2Far point for image forming job distance.
Further, the aperture diaphragm of the camera lens of described N group lens and described refrigeration type infrared detector composition is positioned at described
The Leng Pingchu of refrigeration type infrared detector, and meet cold stop efficiency 100%.
Further, described infrared optical material includes：Silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and GaAs.
Further, described lens include：Non-spherical lens and/or diffraction surfaces lens.
Further, in the case that the value of N is 3, also include：Arrange described three lens cluster according to incident light direction order；
Arrange described three lens cluster focal power adopt first group of lens strength be just, second group of lens strength be negative and the 3rd group
Lens strength is just.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides one kind no to focus refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens, including：N group lens and refrigeration
Type Infrared Detectorss, wherein, all using different infrared optical materials, different infrared optics materials between N >=3, and every group of lens
Need to meet following condition between the lens group of material：Total focal power that is focal power and being equal to camera lens of different materials lens group；No
With the focal power of material and the product of heat differential coefficient be equal to zero；The focal power of different materials and the ratio of Abbe number and be equal to
Zero；Wherein, incident illumination, through first group of lens entrance, projects through N group lens, emergent light is through described refrigeration type infrared detector
After be imaged.
Further, described refrigeration type infrared detector includes：Incidence window, cold screen and image planes；Wherein, from N group lens
The light projecting is irradiated on described cold screen through described incidence window, in described image planes imaging after described cold screen.
Further, described lens include：Non-spherical lens and/or diffraction surfaces lens.
Further, described infrared optical material includes：Silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and GaAs.
The present invention is provided with and meets the N group lens meeting rated condition, because this N group lens meets the condition of regulation, institute
The all positions in investigative range can be covered with the corresponding depth of field, target blur-free imaging can be made, solve in prior art
Focusing can only be arranged on a certain fixed position, if its depth of field can not cover all positions in investigative range, once
Object deviates farther out, and not focusing just cannot be to the problem of target blur-free imaging of interest.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for designing of embodiment of the present invention mid-infrared imaging lens；
Fig. 2 is no to focus the structural representation of refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is no to focus the structural representation of refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens in the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, primary standard substance is MTF curve when 20 DEG C away from 2m temperature；
Fig. 5 is that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, primary standard substance is MTF curve when -40 DEG C away from 2m temperature；
Fig. 6 is that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, primary standard substance is MTF curve when 55 DEG C away from 2m temperature；
Fig. 7 is the MTF curve that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, object distance near point 1m temperature is when 20 DEG C；
Fig. 8 is the MTF curve that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, object distance near point 1m temperature is when -40 DEG C；
Fig. 9 is the MTF curve that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, object distance near point 1m temperature is when 55 DEG C；
Figure 10 is the MTF curve that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, object distance far point 10m temperature is when 20 DEG C；
Figure 11 is the MTF curve that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, object distance far point 10m temperature is when -40 DEG C；
Figure 12 is the MTF curve that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, object distance far point 10m temperature is when 55 DEG C.
Specific embodiment
In order to solve focusing can only to be arranged on a certain fixed position in prior art, if its depth of field can not cover
All positions in investigative range, once object deviates farther out, not focusing just cannot be to target blur-free imaging of interest
Problem, the invention provides a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens and refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens of no focusing, below ties
Close accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only
Only in order to explain the present invention, do not limit the present invention.
Embodiments provide a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens, the flow process of the method is as shown in figure 1, wrap
Include step S102 to step S104：
S102, according to lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness setting N group lens between L, so that
Obtain incident illumination to be adjusted by N group lens；Wherein, all using different infrared optical materials between N >=3, and every group of lens,
Need between the lens group of different infrared optical materials to meet following condition：Different materials lens group focal power and be equal to camera lens
Total focal power；The focal power of different materials and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；The focal power of different materials and Abbe
Number ratio and be equal to zero.
Incident illumination after adjusting is imaged by S104 by refrigeration type infrared detector.
The embodiment of the present invention is provided with and meets the N group lens meeting rated condition, because this N group lens meets the bar of regulation
Part, so the corresponding depth of field can cover all positions in investigative range, can make target blur-free imaging, solve existing skill
Focusing can only be arranged on a certain fixed position in art, if its depth of field can not cover all positions in investigative range,
Once object deviates farther out, not focusing just cannot be to the problem of target blur-free imaging of interest.
In implementation process, lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance phase between L can be determined according to equation below
To relation：Wherein, δ is disperse circular diameter, L1For
The near point of image forming job distance, L2Far point for image forming job distance.
During concrete setting, the aperture diaphragm of the camera lens of N group lens and refrigeration type infrared detector composition is red positioned at refrigeration mode
The Leng Pingchu of external detector, and meet cold stop efficiency 100%；Infrared optical material can be silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide
With GaAs etc.；Lens can adopt non-spherical lens and/or diffraction surfaces lens.
During concrete practice, if the value of N is set to 3, three lens cluster can be arranged according to incident light direction order；Again
The focal power of setting three lens cluster adopt first group of lens strength be just, second group of lens strength be negative and three lens cluster
Focal power is just.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides one kind and no focuses refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens, and the structural representation of this camera lens is as schemed
Shown in 2, including：N group lens and refrigeration type infrared detector, wherein, all using different infrared between N >=3, and every group of lens
Optical material, needs between the lens group of different infrared optical materials to meet following condition：The focal power of different materials lens group
With the total focal power equal to camera lens；The focal power of different materials and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；The light of different materials
Focal power and the ratio of Abbe number and be equal to zero；Wherein, incident illumination, through first group of lens entrance, projects through N group lens, emergent light
It is imaged after refrigeration type infrared detector.
Wherein, refrigeration type infrared detector includes：Incidence window, cold screen and image planes；Wherein, project from N group lens
Light is irradiated on cold screen through incidence window, in image planes imaging after supercool screen.Said lens can adopt non-spherical lens, also may be used
With using diffraction surfaces lens, it is, of course, also possible to the two is used in combination.
Existing infrared optical material is a lot, can be with using relatively conventional material, such as silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, sulfuration
Zinc and GaAs etc..
For example, in the case that the value of N is 3, no focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens is configured according to following standard：
According to the tactic three lens cluster of incident light direction, and the focal power of three lens cluster adopt first group of lens strength be just,
Second group of lens strength is to bear with three lens cluster focal power as just.
Preferred embodiment
General refrigeration mode infrared imaging system when being imaged to close-in target, due to the depth of field is little and be subject to ambient temperature
The reason affect big leads to the big problem of focusing amount, and focusing amount big is that the cold picture of refrigeration mode imaging system can be made to occur is notable
Change and be difficult to eliminate, two is the complexity that focus adjusting mechanism increases system, reduces the convenience of reliability and use.Existing skill
Although also there being some camera heads in art, generally only accounting for the design of big depth of field camera lens, but it is for visual light imaging
Device CCD or CMOS application, do not account for the application of refrigeration type infrared detector, have ignored variation of ambient temperature and can focus yet
Face position produces the problem of skew.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to reduce the complexity of the infrared closely imaging system of refrigeration mode, improves its reliability
With property easy to use it is proposed that a kind of do not need focus refrigeration mode infrared close shot imaging lens.This camera lens not only reduces closely
Scape freezes the complexity of infrared system, also solves the cold picture that traditional focusing lens focusing amount when being closely imaged leads to greatly and asks
Topic.Camera lens using the method design can be it is not necessary to focusing can in certain short range, in operating temperature range
With blur-free imaging.Concrete scheme is as follows：
Embodiments provide one kind no to focus refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens, the method for designing of this camera lens is as follows：
First, the focal length f, relative aperture F and the primary standard substance that determine camera lens are away from L.Following condition should be met：
Wherein, the blur circle that δ image planes allow
Diameter, f lens focus, F relative aperture, L focal distance (primary standard substance away from), L1The near point of image forming job distance, L2It is image forming job
The far point of distance.The disperse circular diameter δ that image planes allow meets p≤δ≤p+10 μm, and occurrence depends on to imaging clearly degree
Require, the pixel dimension of the detector by being adopted for the wherein p.
Secondly, choose at least three kinds different infrared optical materials, and meet no transconversion into heat condition：I.e. different materials lens
Total focal power that is focal power and being equal to camera lens；The focal power of different materials and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；Different
The focal power of material and the ratio of Abbe number and be equal to zero.These materials are probably：Silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide, GaAs
And other infrared optical materials etc..
Carry out no thermalized design again, obtain focusing in operating distance L1～do not need between L2 scope, operating temperature range
The camera lens of blur-free imaging just can be reached.
The wave-length coverage of the imaging system that this method for designing is suitable for both had comprised infrared long wave (8 μm～12 μm) wave band, also wrapped
Containing infrared medium wave (3 μm～5 μm) wave band, and it is located at any local wavelength band in this two wave bands.
This camera lens can comprise the lens that quantity is more than or equal to three groups, arranges in order from light incident direction, every group saturating
Mirror can comprise a piece of or multi-disc；This camera lens adopt non-spherical lens quantity can for zero layer or one or more surfaces；Should
Camera lens adopt diffraction surfaces lens quantity can for zero layer or one or more surfaces.
When realizing, if this camera lens in whole temperature range and whole image forming job in the range of L1～L2, MTF letter
Number all meets the requirement of blur-free imaging.This camera lens adopts refrigeration mode detector, and the aperture diaphragm of camera lens is located at refrigeration mode and detects
The Leng Pingchu of device, meets 100% cold stop efficiency.
Said method, by allowing field depth cover the scope of image-forming range requirement, eliminates the focusing that object distance change brings
Amount；Adopt no thermalized design simultaneously, eliminate the focusing amount that temperature change leads to.Camera lens using the method design is near require
It is not necessary to focusing just can be with blur-free imaging in distance range and operating temperature range.So that system does not need focus adjusting mechanism, solution
The cold picture problem that traditional focusing lens focusing amount when being closely imaged of having determined leads to greatly, reduces system complexity, improves it
Reliability and property easy to use.
Illustrate with reference to concrete example.
As shown in figure 3, for the no focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens designed by the embodiment of the present invention, this design procedure with
The process of above-mentioned elaboration is identical.
During test, the image forming job distance that this camera lens requires is 1m～10m, -40 DEG C～+55 DEG C of operating temperature range.Institute
From refrigeration type infrared detector pixel dimension be 30 μm, image planes allow blur circle diameter may be selected 30 μm～40
μm, select 32 μm here.
According toSatisfaction can be extrapolated will
Lens focus, relative aperture and the primary standard substance asked away from：Focal length 20mm, relative aperture F/4, primary standard substance is away from 2m.
Three kinds of optical materials Si, Ge, the ZnSe choosing realize the condition of no transconversion into heat to meet.
No thermalized design is carried out to system, whole image forming job distance (1m～10m), operating temperature range (- 40 DEG C～
+ 55 DEG C) in, in the case of not focusing, transmission function MTF of camera lens is both greater than 0.4, meets blur-free imaging requirement, Fig. 4 to 6
On the basis of object distance 2m temperature be 20, -40,55 DEG C when MTF curve, Fig. 7 to 9 be object distance near point 1m temperature be 20, -40,55 DEG C
When MTF curve, Figure 10 to 12 for object distance far point 10m temperature be 20, -40,55 DEG C when MTF curve.
Table 1 is the concrete lens data of this example, and this camera lens adopts three lens cluster, is followed successively by according to light incident direction：
First group adopts a piece of lens, and focal power is just, material is silicon Si；Second group adopts a piece of lens, and focal power is negative, and material is
Germanium Ge；3rd group adopts a piece of lens, and focal power is just, material is zinc selenide ZnSe.This camera lens employs an aspheric surface, position
Put on the front surface of second lens, data is referring to table 1.This camera lens does not adopt diffraction surfaces.
Table 1
The invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, above-described embodiment can carry out various modifications.For example, the curvature of each lens half
Footpath, face interval and refractive index value etc., and selected type photodetector etc., it is not limited to the value shown in above-described embodiment, also
Other values etc. can be taken.Using the no focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens of the method design, in certain operating distance, work
Make in temperature range, camera lens does not need focusing just can realize blur-free imaging it is no longer necessary to focus adjusting mechanism, makes refrigeration mode system
Cold picture and cold interference are easier to eliminate, and reduce the complexity of system, improve reliability and convenience.
Although being example purpose, have been disclosed for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will recognize
Various improvement, increase and replacement are also possible, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be not limited to above-described embodiment.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for designing of infrared imaging camera lens is it is characterised in that include：
According to lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness setting N group lens between L, so that incident illumination
It is adjusted by described N group lens, wherein, all using different infrared optical materials between N >=3, and every group of lens, different
Need between the lens group of infrared optical material to meet following condition：Different materials lens group focal power and be equal to the total of camera lens
Focal power；The focal power of different materials lens group and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；The light of different materials lens group is burnt
Degree with the ratio of Abbe number and be equal to zero；By refrigeration type infrared detector, the described incident illumination after adjusting is imaged；
Wherein, determine lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness between L according to equation below：Wherein, δ is disperse circular diameter, L1For being imaged work
Make the near point of distance, L2Far point for image forming job distance.
2. the method for claim 1 is it is characterised in that described N group lens and described refrigeration type infrared detector form
The aperture diaphragm of camera lens be located at the Leng Pingchu of described refrigeration type infrared detector, and meet cold stop efficiency 100%.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that described infrared optical material includes：Silicon, germanium, zinc selenide,
Zinc sulfide and GaAs.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that described lens include：Non-spherical lens and/or diffraction surfaces
Lens.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that in the case that the value of N is 3, also include：
Arrange three lens cluster according to incident light direction order；
Arrange described three lens cluster focal power adopt first group of lens strength be just, second group of lens strength be negative and the
Three lens cluster focal power is just.
6. one kind no focuses refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens it is characterised in that including：
N group lens and refrigeration type infrared detector, wherein, all using different infrared optics materials between N >=3, and every group of lens
Material, needs between the lens group of different infrared optical materials to meet following condition：Different materials lens group focal power and being equal to
Total focal power of camera lens；The focal power of different materials lens group and heat differential coefficient product and be equal to zero；Different materials lens
Focal power and the ratio of Abbe number of group and be equal to zero；
Wherein, incident illumination, through first group of lens entrance, projects through N group lens, emergent light is through described refrigeration mode infrared acquisition
It is imaged after device；
Determine lens focus f, the relative aperture F and primary standard substance relativeness between L according to equation below：Wherein, δ is disperse circular diameter, L1For being imaged work
Make the near point of distance, L2Far point for image forming job distance.
7. no focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that described refrigeration mode infrared acquisition
Device includes：
Incidence window, cold screen and image planes；Wherein, the light projecting from N group lens is irradiated to described cold screen through described incidence window
On, in described image planes imaging after described cold screen.
8. no focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that described lens include：Aspheric
Face lens and/or diffraction surfaces lens.
9. the no focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens as any one of claim 6 to 8 is it is characterised in that described red
Outer optical material includes：Silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and GaAs.
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| CN111025522B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-04-01 | 普联技术有限公司 | Lens focusing method and device and terminal equipment |
| CN114236762B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-03-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Refrigeration type medium wave infrared athermalization lens and detection assembly |
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| CN201666972U (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-12-08 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Intermediate infrared optical imaging system |
| CN102866498B (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2014-12-24 | 北方国通（北京）光电科技有限公司 | Method for designing photographing device |
| CN103439786B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2018-05-22 | 西南技术物理研究所 | Infrared band heat shock resistance athermal optical system in big visual field |
| CN204086665U (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-01-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Without focusing refrigeration mode infrared imaging camera lens |
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