A kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope
Technical field
The invention belongs to pipe detection field, be specifically related to a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope.
Background technology
Pipeline is widely used in the every field such as oil, chemical industry, boats and ships, machine-building, the energy, geology, such as seamless steel pipe is the most indispensable at industry-by-industry, and it is the strictest to its prescription in the application such as petroleum casing pipe and conveying pipe, seamless steel pipe can produce the defects such as pit, folding, slight crack or de-muscle during producing, in use these defects can bring unnecessary loss, therefore, requiring to carry out seamless steel pipe Non-Destructive Testing in a lot of application, general most common method is Ultrasonic Nondestructive.
Ultrasonic detecting equipment in the market is existing multiple, it is to detect outside steel pipe mostly, detection mode mainly has following two: the first is that steel pipe rotates, ultrasound probe coordinates, this kind of detection mode can be divided into again two classes, and a class is to make forward travel while steel pipe rotates, and now ultrasound probe maintains static, another kind of is that steel pipe only rotates, and ultrasound probe makees straight ahead motion;The second is that straight ahead motion only made by steel pipe, and ultrasound probe rotates around steel pipe.Both the above detection mode disclosure satisfy that the needs of industrial detection to a certain extent, but there is also some shortcomings being difficult to overcome: (1) is when use steel pipe rotates the detection mode carrying out detecting, owing to the weight of steel pipe is big, the convolution error causing steel pipe rotary motion to cause is big;And owing to steel pipe weight is big, when rotary motion, inertia is also big, speed during rotary motion cannot be too fast, causes detection efficiency to decline;(2) when use ultrasound probe rotates the detection mode carrying out detecting, detection device need extra signal coupling apparatus (as brush couples) avoid the winding of probe signal line;(3) no matter using which kind of mode above to detect, being required for controlling steel pipe motion, causing the bulky of integral device, structure is complicated, relatively costly.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, ultrasonic examination detection is carried out in steel duct to be measured, only need to control ultrasound probe running and steel pipe to be measured maintains static, and without extra signal coupling apparatus, single unit system is simple, small volume, and input cost is low, has a good application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterised in that: include
Supersonic detection device, detects a flaw for steel duct to be measured;
Control circuit plate, detects the ultrasound probe generation ultrasonic signal in device for excitation ultrasound and gathers ultrasonic signal, controls supersonic detection device simultaneously and runs;
Computer, for storing and process the ultrasonic signal waveform that the dimensional parameters of steel pipe to be measured, the operational factor of supersonic detection device and control circuit plate gather, output control signal is to control circuit plate simultaneously;
Described supersonic detection device includes the ψ shaft step motor on z-axis motor and vertical direction with z-axis motor concentric, described z-axis motor be arranged over a top board, described top board is connected with z-axis motor by a screw nut driving mechanism, the bottom of described z-axis motor is connected with the bottom of ψ shaft step motor, the other end of described ψ shaft step motor is provided with a probe clamping device, and the end of described probe clamping device is provided with several ultrasound probes.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterised in that: described z-axis motor and ψ shaft step motor are water proof type motor.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterized in that: described control circuit plate includes core processor, motor-drive circuit, ultrasonic signal source, signal conditioning circuit and data collecting card, described core processor and motor-drive circuit, ultrasonic signal source, data collecting card and computer are connected, described motor-drive circuit and z-axis motor, ψ shaft step motor is connected, ultrasound probe in described ultrasonic signal source excitation supersonic detection device sends ultrasonic signal, described signal conditioning circuit is connected with the ultrasound probe in supersonic detection device, for adjusting signal amplitude and filter noise, described data collecting card is connected with signal conditioning circuit, for gathering the ultrasonic signal processed through signal conditioning circuit.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterized in that: described probe clamping device includes the fixture of a montant and adjustable length, one end of described montant connects the end of ψ shaft step motor, the other end jockey of described montant, described fixture is set to three, being evenly distributed on all sides of montant end, the end of described fixture is equipped with ultrasound probe.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterised in that: described ultrasound probe is focusing probe.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterised in that: the end of described ultrasound probe is fixed with sheet rubber.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterized in that: described screw nut driving mechanism includes screw mandrel and nut, described nut is fixed in the perforation on top board, and one end of described screw mandrel passes nut, and the other end of described screw mandrel is fixed on z-axis motor.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterised in that: described screw mandrel is provided with external screw thread, is provided with female thread in described nut, and the external screw thread of described screw mandrel matches with the female thread of nut.
Aforesaid a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, it is characterised in that: described external screw thread and female thread are a millimeter magnitude.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope that the present invention provides, mainly include supersonic detection device, control circuit plate and computer, control circuit plate and the running of computer common acting regulatory supersonic detection device, supersonic detection device carries out defect detection by ultrasound probe stretches into steel duct to be measured, utilize ultrasound probe steel duct to be measured carry out vertical direction motion and simultaneously axle around vertical direction rotate, have only to control ultrasound probe running, and steel pipe to be measured maintains static, therefore single unit system is simple, small volume.In addition, due to ultrasound probe be the angle between three and each ultrasound probe be 120 °, cover all around steel duct to be measured, do not result in test leakage, and ultrasound probe uses the scanning mode of clockwise-counterclockwise-right-hand circular, therefore the anglec of rotation that ultrasound probe is final is superposed to zero, also the winding of ultrasound probe holding wire is avoided, also it is no need for using extra signal coupled modes, make device structure greatly easy, reduce cost, it is applicable to the Experimental Research platform of pipe material product ultrasound detection or carries out automatization's defects detection of seamless steel pipe for factory, have a good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pipe interior defect reflectoscope of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the pipe interior defect reflectoscope contact method flaw detection of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the pipe interior defect reflectoscope water seaoning flaw detection of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the fixture of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the ultrasound probe scanning path sectional view of the present invention.
Reference implication is as follows:
1: steel pipe to be measured;2:z shaft step motor;3: ψ shaft step motor;4: ultrasound probe;5: top board;6: montant;7: fixture;71: trocar sheath;72: inner sleeve;73: securing member;8: screw mandrel;9: nut;10: core processor;11: motor-drive circuit;12: ultrasonic signal source;13: data collecting card;14: signal conditioning circuit;15: computer;16: sheet rubber;17: water tank;18: water.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of pipe interior defect reflectoscope, including
Supersonic detection device, for the internal flaw detection of steel pipe 1 to be measured;
Control circuit plate, there is ultrasonic signal and gather ultrasonic signal in the ultrasound probe 4 in excitation ultrasound detection device, controls supersonic detection device simultaneously and run;
Computer 15, for storing and process the ultrasonic signal waveform that the dimensional parameters of steel pipe 1 to be measured, the operational factor of supersonic detection device and control circuit plate gather, output control signal is to control circuit plate simultaneously.
Detailed, supersonic detection device includes the ψ shaft step motor 3 on z-axis motor 2 and vertical direction with z-axis motor 2 concentric, z-axis motor 2 and concentric on ψ shaft step motor 3 vertical direction, it is easy to when z-axis motor moves up and down drive ψ shaft step motor 3 to move up and down, and will not arbitrarily rock around same axe movement when ψ shaft step motor 3 rotates.Preferably z-axis motor 2 and ψ shaft step motor 3 is 42 water proof type motors, the bottom of z-axis motor 2 is connected with the bottom of ψ shaft step motor 3, z-axis motor 2 is fixed together with ψ shaft step motor 3, the other end of ψ shaft step motor 3 is provided with a probe clamping device, the end of probe clamping device is provided with several ultrasound probes 4, drive probe clamping device to rotate when ψ shaft step motor 3 rotates, i.e. drive the ultrasound probe 4 in probe clamping device end portion to make rotational run.Z-axis motor 2 be arranged over a top board 5, top board 5 is connected with z-axis motor 2 by a screw nut driving mechanism, screw nut driving mechanism is utilized to realize the up and down motion of z-axis motor 2, i.e. z-axis motor 2 drives ψ shaft step motor 3 to move up and down, and i.e. drives the ultrasound probe 4 in probe clamping device end portion to move up and down.Therefore, under the common effect of z-axis motor 2 and ψ shaft step motor 3, the ultrasound probe 4 in steel pipe 1 to be measured moves up and down and rotary motion simultaneously.
nullFurther,Screw nut driving mechanism includes screw mandrel 8 and nut 9,In the embedded perforation being fixed on top board 5 of nut 9,One end of screw mandrel 8 passes nut 9,I.e. one end of screw mandrel 8 passes top board 5,The other end of screw mandrel 8 is fixed on z-axis motor 2,I.e. by screw mandrel 8, top board 5 is coupled together with z-axis motor 2,In order to ensure the driving force of drive mechanism,Screw mandrel 8 is provided with external screw thread,It is provided with female thread in nut 9,The external screw thread of screw mandrel 8 matches with the female thread of nut 9,When z-axis motor 2 rotates,By cooperating of external screw thread and female thread,Realize the up and down motion of z-axis motor 2,And external screw thread is a millimeter magnitude with female thread,The i.e. moving step sizes of z-axis motor 2 is millimeter magnitude,The step-length that i.e. ultrasound probe 4 moves up and down is millimeter magnitude,Ensure that the precision of the internal flaw detection of steel pipe 1 to be measured.
nullFurther,Probe clamping device includes the fixture 7 of a montant 6 and adjustable length,The length of fixture 7 carries out the regulation of appropriate length as required,Practicality is higher,The steel pipe being suitable for different-diameter uses,One end of montant 6 connects the end of ψ shaft step motor 3,The two ends of i.e. ψ shaft step motor 3 connect z-axis motor 2 and montant 6 respectively,Therefore,Z-axis motor 2、ψ shaft step motor 3 and the same axle center of montant 6 in the vertical direction,Connect the other end jockey 7 of montant 6,In order to ensure stability during running,Typically fixture 7 is set to three,And it is evenly distributed on all sides of montant 6 end,The fixture 7 of all directions is consistent to the active force of montant 6 when rotated,The end of fixture 7 is equipped with ultrasound probe 4,And the angle adjustable of ultrasound probe 4,Therefore,Ultrasound probe 4 is also three,Angle between the most adjacent two ultrasound probes 4 is 120 °,When ultrasound probe 4 make under the drive of ψ shaft step motor 3 clockwise-counterclockwise-right-hand circular operation time,The final anglec of rotation of ultrasound probe 4 is superposed to zero,Therefore the holding wire of ultrasound probe 4 will not be wound around because of rotation,I.e. without using extra signal coupled modes.
This pipe interior defect reflectoscope is not only suitable for contact method detection and is applicable to again water seaoning detection, when using contact method detection, the end of ultrasound probe 4 is fixed with sheet rubber 16 as shown in Figure 2, now it is fixed on sheet rubber 16 that ultrasound probe 4 launches on receiving plane as solid-state couplant, the length of alignment jig 7 simultaneously, the inwall of steel pipe 1 to be measured is contacted with the sheet rubber 16 on ultrasound probe 4, i.e. by sheet rubber 16, ultrasound probe 4 is coupled together with steel pipe 1 inwall to be measured, it is simple to the internal flaw detection operation of follow-up steel pipe 1 to be measured.
When using water seaoning detection, ultrasound probe 4 is focusing probe, as shown in Figure 3, being placed in water tank 17 by steel pipe 1 to be measured, in water tank 17, injection water 18 is as coupling liquid, makes steel pipe 1 to be measured be completely immersed in coupling liquid water 18, internal diameter and THICKNESS CALCULATION according to steel pipe 1 to be measured go out the distance between ultrasound probe 4 and steel pipe to be measured 1 inwall, the length of alignment jig 7 accordingly, makes the distance between ultrasound probe 4 and steel pipe to be measured 1 inwall moderate, then carries out flaw detection operation in steel pipe 1 to be measured.
As shown in Figure 4, fixture 7 includes trocar sheath 71, be sheathed in trocar sheath 71 inner sleeve 72 and the securing member 73 that trocar sheath 71 and inner sleeve 72 are coupled together, the side of trocar sheath 71 is provided with perforation, securing member 73 is punched through turn Fastener 73 and realizes the fastening of inner sleeve 72, perforation can be arranged on the side of trocar sheath 71, it is also possible to is arranged on the both sides that trocar sheath 71 is relative, the difference arranged according to perforation, corresponding, the setting of securing member 73 also relative changes.When the length of alignment jig 7, first securing member 73 is rotated and unclamp, by the inner sleeve 72 inside plunger to trocar sheath 71 or the outside drawing to trocar sheath 71, carry out the regulation of the length of integral clamp 7, after being adjusted to correct position, rotate tightening fastener parts 73 and fix inner sleeve 72.
nullFurther,Control circuit plate includes core processor 10、Motor-drive circuit 11、Ultrasonic signal source 12、Signal conditioning circuit 14 and data collecting card 13,Core processor 10 and motor-drive circuit 11、Ultrasonic signal source 12、Data collecting card 13 is connected,Simultaneously,Core processor 10、Data collecting card 13 is connected with computer 15,Serial port is used to communicate between computer 15 and core processor 10,Control instruction is inputted and the waveform of ultrasonic signal that observable collects by computer 15,Core processor 10 controls the running of supersonic detection device according to the control instruction of input,The start pulse signal that the running in data collecting card 13 and ultrasonic signal source 12 is provided by core processor 10 synchronizes,Motor-drive circuit 11 and z-axis motor 2、ψ shaft step motor 3 is connected,Motor-drive circuit 11 uses the driving signal of two-way independence to export,Z-axis motor 2 and ψ shaft step motor 3 can be simultaneously driven operate,And will not interfere each other,Ensure the normal operation of z-axis motor 2 and ψ shaft step motor 3,Ultrasound probe 4 in the excitation ultrasound detection device of ultrasonic signal source 12 sends ultrasonic signal,Ultrasonic signal source 12 has multiple signals output,And frequency-adjustable,Highest frequency reaches more than 10MHz,Signal conditioning circuit 14 is connected with the ultrasound probe 4 in supersonic detection device,For regulating the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal that ultrasound probe 4 sends and filtering noise,Data collecting card 13 is connected with signal conditioning circuit 14,For gathering the ultrasonic echo information processed through signal conditioning circuit 14 and sending computer 15 to,Data collecting card 13 has the function that multiplexer channel signal parallel gathers,Sample frequency reaches more than 50Msps.
nullThe flaw detection process of this pipe interior defect reflectoscope is as follows,The most vertically place steel pipe 1 to be measured,And manually set the angles and positions of each ultrasound probe 4,The length of alignment jig 7 is moderate to the distance of steel pipe 1 inwall to be measured to arrange ultrasound probe 4,Input the diameter of steel pipe 1 to be measured in the computer 15、The step angle of ultrasound probe 4 and distance in the parameters such as length and detection process,Computer 15 sends these information and instruction to core processor 10,After receiving instruction,Core processor 10 controls motor-drive circuit 11、Ultrasonic signal source 12 and data collecting card 13 start simultaneously at work,Motor-drive circuit 11 drives z-axis motor 2 and ψ shaft step motor 3 to operate simultaneously,Under screw nut driving mechanism with the mating reaction of top board 5, z-axis motor 2 moves up and down,And then drive ψ shaft step motor 3 to move up and down together with ultrasound probe 4,ψ shaft step motor 3 rotates and controls ultrasound probe 4 by probe clamping device and rotates;nullAfter z-axis motor 2 and ψ shaft step motor 3 cooperating syringe drives ultrasound probe 4 operating,I.e. ultrasound probe 4 both moved up and down,Rotate again,Core processor 10 sends start pulse signal to ultrasonic signal source 12,Trigger ultrasonic signal source 12 and provide pumping signal for ultrasound probe 4,Ultrasound probe 4 produces ultrasonic signal,Ultrasonic signal is through signal conditioning circuit 14 amplitude of accommodation and filters noise,Core processor 10 sends start pulse signal to data collecting card 13 simultaneously,Data collecting card 13 gathers the ultrasonic echo information processed through signal conditioning circuit 14,Carry out a signals collecting,And send computer 15 to,Core processor 10 sends the coordinate of ultrasound probe 4 to computer 15 simultaneously,The echo information that the coordinate that core processor 10 is passed back by computer 15 and data collecting card 13 are passed back carries out pairing storage,And echo information is processed by computer 15,Tell the signal of fault location,Coordinate and the echo information of corresponding position are stored simultaneously.Additionally, position unconspicuous for echo information can scanning again, now z-axis motor 2 quickly arrives at coordinate, increase sampling number re-start detection.
The defect location principle of this pipe interior defect reflectoscope is as follows, ultrasound probe 4 is during the inside of steel pipe 1 to be measured carries out scanning, core processor 10 records the coordinate of ultrasound probe 4 automatically, cylindrical-coordinate system is set up inside steel pipe 1 to be measured, using the center of circle, bottom of steel pipe 1 to be measured as zero, then the detecting location of ultrasound probe 4 can be with three coordinate variable (ρ, ψ, z) represent, wherein ρ is the radius of steel pipe 1 to be measured, ψ is the rotational angle of ψ shaft step motor 3, and z is the adjustable height of z-axis motor 2;Coordinate figure at sampling every time is sent back in computer 15 by core processor 10, the echo information collected can be sent back computer 15 by simultaneous data-collecting card 13, defect can be positioned by operator according to coordinate, when flaw indication being detected, the position of defect can be quickly found out according to its coordinate.
nullThe ultrasound probe 4 scanning process of this pipe interior defect reflectoscope is as shown in Figure 5,ψ shaft step motor 3 drives ultrasound probe 4 to rotate,Z-axis motor 2 does ascending motion simultaneously,Both realize spiral scanning by co-controlling ultrasound probe 4,I.e. ultrasound probe 4 rotates and ascending motion simultaneously,In the process,First ψ shaft step motor 3 turns clockwise scanning 120 °,Another mistake hour hands rotate scanning 120 °,Scanning 120 ° the most clockwise,The i.e. rotation mode of ultrasound probe 4 is scanning clockwise 120 °-scanning 120 ° counterclockwise-scanning 120 ° clockwise,So it is repeated up to complete for steel pipe 1 to be measured scanning,The angle having between three groups and adjacent two ultrasound probes 4 due to ultrasound probe 4 is 120 °,The most this scanning mode can cover whole steel pipe to be measured 1 side,Alternately exist with rotating counterclockwise owing to ultrasound probe 4 turns clockwise,The angular stack that ultrasound probe 4 rotates is zero,Therefore the shortcoming that holding wire is wound around is avoided.
nullThis pipe interior defect reflectoscope uses internal test method to carry out the flaw detection of tube material,Ultrasound probe detects in steel duct to be measured,Ultrasound probe is made to move up and down at steel duct to be measured vertically axis and rotate about the axis motion,Steel pipe to be measured is comprehensively detected,This detection mode can avoid the motion of the steel pipe to be measured that volume is bigger,Only need to control ultrasound probe to move,On scanning mode,First allow ultrasound probe clock wise spirals scanning certain angle,Counter-clockwise helical scanning equal angular again,Carry out scanning clockwise the most again,The most repeatedly detection is gone down,Until by complete for Tube heating furnace to be measured,Adopt in this way,The final anglec of rotation of ultrasound probe is superposed to zero,The winding of ultrasound probe holding wire can be avoided,Therefore without using extra coupled modes,Equipment is made to be greatly simplified.
The ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage have more than been shown and described.Skilled person will appreciate that of the industry; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the principle that the present invention is simply described described in above-described embodiment and description; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.