CN103967506A - Curtain grouting technology for ore body roof karst fracture development and strong water-rich ore deposit - Google Patents

Curtain grouting technology for ore body roof karst fracture development and strong water-rich ore deposit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103967506A
CN103967506A CN201410150459.XA CN201410150459A CN103967506A CN 103967506 A CN103967506 A CN 103967506A CN 201410150459 A CN201410150459 A CN 201410150459A CN 103967506 A CN103967506 A CN 103967506A
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degrees
exploration
curtain
injection holes
grouting
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CN103967506B (en
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王运敏
汪为平
李何林
武飞
娄广文
范庆
汪绍元
路洪斌
李同鹏
唐开元
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Huawei National Engineering Research Center of High Efficient Cyclic and Utilization of Metallic Mineral Resources Co Ltd
Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co Ltd
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Engineering Investigation & Design Institute Of Sinosteel Maanshan Co Ltd
Huawei National Engineering Research Center of High Efficient Cyclic and Utilization of Metallic Mineral Resources Co Ltd
Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a curtain grouting technology for an ore body roof karst fracture development and strong water-rich ore deposit. According to the technical scheme, firstly, upward exploration and injection holes are distributed, six upward exploration and injection holes with an elevation angle of five degrees, six upward exploration and injection holes with an elevation angle of 15 degrees and six upward exploration and injection holes with an elevation angle of 25 degrees are distributed in each chamber, the exploration and injection holes are designed with the chambers as base points, all the exploration and injection holes of all the lengths are evenly distributed in the plane with a stagger angle of 60 degrees, the hole depth is 50 m, and the exploration and injection holes with the elevation angle of five degrees, the exploration and injection holes with the elevation angle of 15 degrees and the exploration and injection holes with the elevation angle of 25 degrees are evenly distributed in the plane with a stagger angle of 20 degrees; secondly, downward exploration and injection holes are distributed, the outward and downward exploration and injection holes with the angles of -5 degrees,-30 degrees and -60 degrees are distributed in end chambers, the hole depth is 50 m, all the downward exploration and injection holes are evenly distributed symmetrically in the plane, and the included angle is 10 degrees; thirdly, according to the requirement of accurate mining engineering, grouting is carried out, and a grouting curtain is formed. The grouting curtain with the high water plugging rate is built under a mine according to roof karst fractures, the functions of water separation and reinforcement can be achieved, ore bodies are released safely and efficiently under the protection of the grouting curtain, and technical guarantees are provided for safe and efficient mining of the mine.

Description

The curtain-grouting technology in a kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures growth and strong Fu Shui mineral deposit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground mine production technique, especially relate to the Technology of Safety Mining under a kind of underground mine ore body roof Karst Fissures growth and strong rich water condition.Be applicable to that all kinds of aquifers Karst Fissures, solution cavity are grown, moisture abundant and mine that ore body is concentrated relatively.Not only can strengthen steady of roof, play impermeable role simultaneously.
Background technology
China's underground mine mineral deposit hydrogeology complicated condition degree varies, the simple draining depressurization method that adopts, not only effluent cost is high, and easily cause the serious environmental problems such as surface collapse, Groundwater Resources Depletion, as Shuikoushan Lead-zinc Mine, all Kou Kuang, nasal mucus push up plumbous franklinite etc., for this reason, China's mine water management worker uses for reference Hydropower Dam grouting experience and develops mining area curtain-grouting water-plugging technique.Through within nearly 40 years, putting into practice, develop, China's mining area curtain-grouting water-plugging technique steps into the practical stage, reaches its maturity.China attracts great attention to Mine Geological Disasters at present, can say, curtain-grouting water-plugging technique certainly will become one of major technique of flood mine water management.
External mining area curtain-grouting mostly is shallow section of curtain in Quaternary system topsoil, and major part is to dig the underground impervious wall of method construction with boring milling or shovel, and the dark large curtain comparison with China, cannot be mentioned in the same breath.Can say, from range of application, the curtain scale of mining area curtain, and the aspect such as economic benefit, social benefit obtaining weighs, and the mining area curtain-grouting water-plugging technique of China's original creation is all in world lead level.
At present both at home and abroad at existing nearly 20 case histories of ground, mining area curtain-grouting, rare report of down-hole country rock curtain-grouting, both are aspect water plugging rate and safety, all there is obvious difference, the former has certain distance apart from exploiting field, is not subject to the impact of mining engineering, requires to have certain water plugging rate, and have perfect drainage system in curtain, there is not the threat of water inrush and inundate mine; And the latter is close to ore body, easily destroyed by mining activity (explosion, sedimentation etc.), guarantee not occur water inrush and inundate mine accident simultaneously, therefore its technical difficulty is well imagined.
In " application of curtain-grouting in all mouthful of regional mine water blockoff " paper of delivering " engineering construction " in February, 2009, the construction method of carrying out curtain-grouting under strong moving water condition is introduced, its resolution and principle are: by the boring that runs through underground water mobile layer, permeable stratum (being mainly kettle sky group's dolomitic limestone and Datang rank argillaceous limestone) is carried out to slip casting, blocking underground water active tunnel, changes stratum local property and forms relatively waterproof cylindrical region.The approach in pit is crossed main underflow and enters in line, on line, carry out Equidistant Nodes formula boring slip casting, make the relatively waterproof region of column be joined together to form relatively fluid-tight curtain together, curtain connects relative water resisting layer emperor ridge group graniphyric limestone, the path of coming blocking groundwater inflow pit with this, reaches the object that stops pit water burst.But this curtain-grouting water-plugging technique, is difficult to adapt to that ore body roof Karst Fissures is grown and the curtain-grouting water blockoff in strong Fu Shui mineral deposit.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for the above-mentioned defect existing in prior art, and the curtain-grouting technology in the high and safe and reliable ore body roof Karst Fissures growth of a kind of water plugging rate and strong Fu Shui mineral deposit is provided.The present invention is directed to top board Karst Fissures, build the grouting curtain of high water plugging rate in down-hole, can play the double action of water proof and reinforcing, under the protection of grouting curtain, safely and efficiently ore body is freed, for the safety and high efficiency in mine provides technical guarantee.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, a kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures of the present invention grow and the curtain-grouting technology in strong Fu Shui mineral deposit by the following technical solutions:
For reaching the high and safe and reliable object of water plugging rate, a kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures of the present invention is grown and first the curtain-grouting technology in Fu Shui mineral deposit should analyze exploratory bore-hole in early stage by force hydrological engineering geologic information and tunnel, the situation that boring discloses, and carry out necessary water exploring drill hole slip casting work, grasp the hydrogeological characteristics of ore body roof from macroscopic view, then design arrangement is visited water Grouting engineering and is encrypted Grouting engineering, and the space lattice forming by the inlet well of the certain net degree of crisscross formation, finally form certain thickness slip casting cap rock-grouting curtain at mineral deposit top board, for the safety and high efficiency in mine provides technical guarantee.Be specially:
1) above arrange to visiting orifice: face upward the upper of 5 °, 15 ° and 25 ° at each chamber arrangement and visit orifice and design taking chamber center as basic point to visiting each 6 of orifice, the spy orifice of respectively spending mutually staggers in the plane 60 ° and is evenly arranged, hole depth 50m; Visit between orifice for 5 °, 15 ° and 25 ° and mutually stagger in the plane 20 ° and be evenly arranged.In implementation process, mustn't adjust according to the hydrology slip casting situation disclosing and the requirement of adopting accurate engineering at the scene.
The described upper boring control net degree to visiting orifice formation is in 8m × 8m.
2) under, arrange to visiting orifice: visit orifices to outside lower to-5 ° ,-30 ° and-60 ° at end chamber arrangement, hole depth 50m, to hold chamber center as basic point, each be arranged symmetrically with in the plane to visiting orifice down, angle is 10 ° mutually.In implementation process, must adjust according to the hydrology slip casting situation disclosing and the requirement of adopting accurate engineering at the scene.
3) according to adopting the requirement of accurate engineering, hole, slip casting, form grouting curtain, design parameter is:
(1) curtain thickness: T=H s/ J 0, m,
In formula:
H sthe maximal head that-curtain can bear, m;
J 0the infiltration ratio that-injecting paste material can allow falls;
(2) grout spreading range that diffuse to form of slurries in crack must meet simultaneously:
1. design formulas: R=
In formula: R-is grout spreading range, m,
K-is rock stratum transmission coefficient,
T-slip casting perdurabgility, h,
R-feed pipe for mortar radius, mm,
μ 1the coefficient of viscosity of-water,
μ 2the coefficient of viscosity of-slurries,
H grouting pressure, MPa,
The porosity of n-rock stratum.
2. according to " slurry injection technique code " regulation, in marble fissured waterbearing stratum, slurries effectively spread radius gets 6~15m.
(3) other parameter: injecting paste material, grouting pressure, concentration of slurry, slip casting ending standard meet designing requirement.
A kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures of the present invention is grown and the curtain-grouting technology in strong Fu Shui mineral deposit adopts after above technical scheme, has following effect:
(1) implementing down-hole curtain encrypts after Grouting engineering, the hydrogeological characteristics of nearly ore body country rock is investigated thoroughly substantially, the water guide crack of the overwhelming majority and leak " skylight " are by shutoff, pit inflow of water obviously reduces, estimation can reduce pit inflow of water 70%~80% left and right, analysis of possibility of water inrush reduces greatly, for ore body safety and high efficiency provides strong technique guarantee;
(2) by the enforcement to down-hole, mineral deposit Grouting Curtain Engineering, possessing under certain technical safety measures condition, can substantially ensure the safe working of the following ore deposit of grouting curtain amount;
(3) ore body forms after overall underground grouting curtain, can save a large amount of effluent costs, and economic interests are remarkable;
(4) after Grouting Curtain Engineering is implemented, can substantially ensure that groundwater in mining area does not decline, subsiding does not appear in ground substantially;
(5) reduced the exploitation risk in Karst Fissures growth and strong Fu Shui mine, and can in various conditions of similarities mine, apply.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures of the present invention is grown and the curtain-grouting technology longitudinal projection in strong Fu Shui mineral deposit schemes.
Fig. 2 be a kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures of the present invention grow and the curtain-grouting technical level in strong Fu Shui mineral deposit to perspective view.
Reference numeral is: 1-chamber; 2-tunnel; Visit orifice for 3-5 °; Visit orifice for 4-15 °; Visit orifice for 5-25 °; 6-waterline.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.
A kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1 grown and the curtain-grouting technology longitudinal projection in strong Fu Shui mineral deposit schemes and finds out in conjunction with Fig. 2, and tunnel 2 is positioned under waterline 6, and each chamber 1 is along tunnel 2 lateral arrangement.
1) upper to visiting orifice layout: arrange that at each chamber 1 facing upward 5 °, 15 ° and 25 ° visits each 6 of orifice, forming boring control net degree is in 8m × 8m.Visit note drilling design taking chamber center as basic point, visit 4,6 25 ° spy orifices 5 of 3,6 15 ° spy orifices of orifice for 65 ° and mutually stagger in the plane 60 ° and be evenly arranged separately, hole depth 50m.Visit between orifice for 5 °, 15 ° and 25 ° and mutually stagger 20 ° and be evenly arranged.In implementation process, mustn't adjust according to the hydrology slip casting situation disclosing and the requirement of adopting accurate engineering at the scene.
2) under, arrange to visiting orifice: deposit to-5 ° ,-30 ° and-60 ° and visit orifice, hole depth 50m at the outside cloth of end chamber.Taking end chamber center as basic point, each be arranged symmetrically with in the plane to visiting orifice down, mutually angle is 10 °.In implementation process, must adjust according to the hydrology slip casting situation disclosing and the requirement of adopting accurate engineering at the scene.
3) according to adopting the requirement of accurate engineering, hole, slip casting, form grouting curtain, design parameter is:
(1) curtain thickness is: T=H s/ J 0, m,
In formula: H sthe maximal head that-curtain can bear, m,
J 0the infiltration ratio that-injecting paste material can allow falls;
(2) grout spreading range that diffuse to form of slurries in crack must meet simultaneously:
1. design formulas: R=
In formula: R-is grout spreading range, m,
K-is rock stratum transmission coefficient,
T-slip casting perdurabgility, h,
R-feed pipe for mortar radius, mm,
μ 1the coefficient of viscosity of-water,
μ 2the coefficient of viscosity of-slurries,
H grouting pressure, MPa,
The porosity of n-rock stratum;
2. according to " slurry injection technique code " regulation, in marble fissured waterbearing stratum, slurries effectively spread radius gets 6~15m;
(3) other parameter: injecting paste material, grouting pressure, concentration of slurry, slip casting ending standard meet designing requirement.
1. grouting pressure
Grouting pressure is the power that slurries overcome flow resistance and carry out diffusion, is the principal element that determines slip casting effect.In whole slip casting process, grouting pressure along with injected hole around the situation such as diffusion, precipitating, filling pressure break of slurries variation and change at any time, be generally divided into initial pressure, pressure process and final value pressure three phases.
Initial pressure: now because slip casting just starts, should adopt thin pulp low-pressure grouting, make slurries excessively loose, filling slowly, general initial pressure is hydrostatic pressure 1.0 times.
Pressure process: appear at the mid-term of slip casting process, now slurries diffuses flow, precipitating, filling in crack, large crack dwindles gradually, rimala starts into slurry filling.Pressure process is controlled between 1.5~2 times of hydrostatic pressure values.
Final value pressure: appear at slip casting latter stage, the pressure of slip casting while finishing, now occur that grouting amount is with the pressure phenomenon reducing that raises, still need to keep grouting pressure and stablize a period of time, its objective is and make the under high pressure further compacting of the full space of filling, the duration in this stage is shorter, because pressure curve obviously rises, mark slip casting has closed on end, should finish slip casting work by slip casting ending standard, and design final grouting pressure is 2.0~3.0 times of hydrostatic pressures.In actual slip casting work, should consider, apply in a flexible way, in the time having more charges in rock fracture agensis or Karst Fissures, especially the broken contact zones of ore body upper lower burrs, should adopt high-pressure slip-casting to its carry out that densification is compacted, filling slight crack or consolidation process; If Karst Fissures is grown, should adopt low pressure, underflow, quantitative grouting method intermittently, in order to avoid that slurries spread was far away, cause waste.
2. concentration of slurry
The concentration of grouting serous fluid directly affects the property noted and the set strength of slurries, due to the crack of containing different in width in slip casting section, the slurries that therefore all should adopt several concentration in each slip casting, principle is first rare rear dense, deacclimatizes respectively the crack of various different in width with the slurries of variable concentrations.The initial concentration of single liquid cement paste is determined by the rock stratum water absorption rate of each boring slip casting section.Single liquid cement paste initial concentration carries out proportioning by four ranks such as water/binder ratio 2:1,1.5:1,1:1 and 0.8:1, during for slip casting, selects; Cement, the general volume of cement paste and the volume proportion of water glass that adopts 1:1 of water glass biliquid slurry, volume ratio is 1:1 and bis-ranks of 1:0.8.
3. slurries injection rate
In order to reach best slip casting effect, must inject enough slurries amounts, to ensure that slurries have certain range of scatter, form enough slip casting thickness.Slurries injection rate is relevant with slip casting section thickness, rock fracture rate, rate of karstification, slurries gel time etc., but because the crack rate of rock is difficult to accurately provide, the therefore slurries injection rate calculated value in every hole, reference can only supply to prepare material time.Analyze relatively according to the slip casting of similar mine, every meter of boring slurry consumption amount is 0.3~0.8t/m.
4. slip casting ending standard: when injected hole single fluid grouting, under the final value pressure of design, slip casting section midge amount is less than 20~35L/min, continues, after 30min, can finish slip casting.
5. injecting paste material.Injecting paste material should meet following requirement: slurry viscosity is low, and the property noted is good, and grout spreading range is suitable; Slurries calculus rate is high, impervious good, good stability, and calculus is soaked for a long time state change is not occurred in water.According to above-mentioned requirements, can select neat slurry and clay cement grout.Compared with neat slurry, the cost of clay cement grout only has 60% of neat slurry, and the property noted, stability and anti-dilution are better, when condition is suitable, should preferentially select, and its shortcoming is that intensity is lower, pulping complex process.
4) in boring and slip casting process, carry out in strict accordance with relevant technical requirements.

Claims (2)

1. the curtain-grouting technology in the growth of ore body roof Karst Fissures and strong Fu Shui mineral deposit, is characterized in that by the following technical solutions:
1) above arrange to visiting orifice: face upward the upper to visiting each 6 of orifice of 5 °, 15 ° and 25 ° at each chamber arrangement, visiting orifice designs taking chamber center as basic point, the spy orifice of each degree mutually staggers in the plane 60 ° and is evenly arranged, hole depth 50m, visits between orifice for 5 °, 15 ° and 25 ° and mutually staggers in the plane 20 ° and be evenly arranged;
2) under, arrange to visiting orifice: visit orifices to outside lower to-5 ° ,-30 ° and-60 ° at end chamber arrangement, hole depth 50m, to hold chamber center as basic point, each be arranged symmetrically with in the plane to visiting orifice down, angle is 10 ° mutually;
3) according to the requirement of adopting accurate engineering, carry out slip casting, form grouting curtain, design parameter is:
(1) curtain thickness is: T=H s/ J 0, m,
In formula: H sthe maximal head that-curtain can bear, m,
J 0the infiltration ratio that-injecting paste material can allow falls;
(2) grout spreading range that diffuse to form of slurries in crack must meet simultaneously:
1. design formulas: R=
In formula: R-is grout spreading range, m,
K-is rock stratum transmission coefficient,
T-slip casting perdurabgility, h,
R-feed pipe for mortar radius, mm,
μ 1the coefficient of viscosity of-water,
μ 2the coefficient of viscosity of-slurries,
H grouting pressure, MPa,
The porosity of n-rock stratum;
2. according to " slurry injection technique code " regulation, in marble fissured waterbearing stratum, slurries effectively spread radius gets 6~15m;
(3) other parameter: injecting paste material, grouting pressure, concentration of slurry, slip casting ending standard meet designing requirement.
2. the curtain-grouting technology in a kind of ore body roof Karst Fissures growth as claimed in claim 1 and strong Fu Shui mineral deposit, is characterized in that: the described upper boring control net degree to visiting orifice formation is in 8m × 8m.
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CN105114029A (en) * 2015-08-19 2015-12-02 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Water plugging method for poor sealing borehole in mine laneway
CN108625895A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-09 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 A method of it detects and excludes dark solution cavity ponding in ore body
CN108843343A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-20 陕煤集团神木张家峁矿业有限公司 A kind of coal mine waits for covering the grouting method of burnt rock water seal curtain on mining face
CN111042831A (en) * 2019-08-20 2020-04-21 北京龙软科技股份有限公司 Grouting reinforcement transformation method for coal seam floor limestone confined aquifer

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CN108843343A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-20 陕煤集团神木张家峁矿业有限公司 A kind of coal mine waits for covering the grouting method of burnt rock water seal curtain on mining face
CN108843343B (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-07-30 陕煤集团神木张家峁矿业有限公司 A kind of coal mine waits for covering the grouting method of burnt rock water seal curtain on mining face
CN111042831A (en) * 2019-08-20 2020-04-21 北京龙软科技股份有限公司 Grouting reinforcement transformation method for coal seam floor limestone confined aquifer

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