CN103956022A - Forest fire early warning system based on intermediate infrared laser - Google Patents
Forest fire early warning system based on intermediate infrared laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN103956022A CN103956022A CN201410140959.5A CN201410140959A CN103956022A CN 103956022 A CN103956022 A CN 103956022A CN 201410140959 A CN201410140959 A CN 201410140959A CN 103956022 A CN103956022 A CN 103956022A
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- infrared laser
- middle infrared
- forest fire
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention discloses a forest fire remote early detection warning system based on an intermediate infrared laser. The forest fire remote early detection warning system comprises a intermediate infrared laser radar device, a signal processing and wireless transmitting module, a monitoring system and a monitoring and dispatching center. The forest fire remote early detection warning system has the advantages that the intermediate infrared laser is adopted as a laser radar light source, safe, low-loss, remote and high-precision detection is achieved, the effective detection range reaches the radius being 6 km, effective early fire prevention is carried out on forest coverage within 100 square kilometers, remote control, intelligentization, flexibility and the like of forest fire detection are ensured, and fire early warning is improved to the maximum extent; due to the intermediate infrared laser capable of generating three wavelengths at the same time, accuracy and precision of fire detection are improved, and reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forest fire early-warning system, be specifically related to the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser.
Background technology
Forest fire be a kind of sudden strong, destructive large, dispose the comparatively disaster of difficulty of relief, so, for the prevention work of forest fire, be very important.At present, main flourishing external forest fire protection technology has following several: Germany adopts FIRE-WATCH forest fire automatic early-warning system, 10 kilometers of system monitoring radiuses, still, rate of accurateness is low, needs ground to spend a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources are examined.The U.S. adopts protect a forest aircraft and the patrol of infrared remote sensing fire alarm aircraft and " the earth " satellite overhead on the track of about 705 kilometers, around earth running, surveying, but this scheme is costly.Canada adopts satellite itinerant monitor system system and configures many advanced helicopters and monitors in turn, and same appropriate litigation fees is considerable.Although it is reliable that external technology has, need to be by high altitude satellite, and construction is too complicated; It is too large that investment is implemented on some technical schemes basis, is difficult to meet the actual needs of China's Forest Resources monitoring.
The monitoring method of domestic main employing has following several: 1. ground is patrolled, and mainly by spreading propaganda among the masses, controls artificial burning things which may cause a fire disaster; Field and life check with fire; Remote districts adopt video monitoring mode.2. observation tower monitoring, Tong Guo observes observation tower the generation of forest fires, the report condition of a fire, area coverage is larger, but limited by the restriction of terrain and hazy weather, and the aspect problem such as the subjective suggestion of Cun watchkeeper and personal safety.3. aviation is patrolled, and utilizes and patrols the detection that aircraft carries out forest fires, and the visual field is wide, maneuverability is large, speed can be accomplished complete observation soon, but affected seriously by weather, time, course line etc.4. satellite remote sensing, utilize polar orbiting meteorological satellite, road resource satellite, geostationary satellite, low orbit satellite to survey forest fires, this scheme investigative range is wide, gather data fast, can obtain continuity data, be not subject to the impact of topographic condition, image is vivid, but utilize satellite remote sensing meeting to occupy great mass of data, and be difficult to find in early days disaster hidden-trouble.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser of a kind of low cost, high-accuracy, to realize the effect of interior forest fire early detection early warning on a large scale.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser of the present invention, comprising: as the mid-infrared laser radar of sensitive detection parts, can 360 degree rotation and luffing angle can regulate, described mid-infrared laser radar comprises a middle infrared laser; Signal is processed and wireless transmitter module, accepts the signal that mid-infrared laser radar detection is arrived, and process calculation process is to have judged whether fire, adopts Wireless microwave transmission mode, and transmission frequency is selected from L-band, S-band or Ku wave band; The supervisory system that comprises a video camera, acknowledge(ment) signal is processed and information and the shooting instruction of wireless transmitter module are taken, and photographed data is sent to signal processing and wireless transmitter module; Monitoring and scheduling center, according to the signal that signal is processed and wireless transmitter module is beamed back, arranges vehicle and personal scheduling.
Preferably, aforementioned mid-infrared laser radar is installed on a base station iron tower, and investigative range is with the mid-infrared laser radar region that is set to the radius 6km in the center of circle in place.
Further, a lightning rod is installed at the top of aforementioned base station iron tower, and stake resistance is not more than 4 ohm with all devices in protection system.
Further, system of the present invention also comprises: one by the repeater of wireless receiving signal, forwards, to guarantee signal transmission quality and transmission range after the signal receiving is amplified; Adopt solar electric power supply system power and guarantee to provide the electric power of at least 24 hours to the leading portion all devices of each control point.
Further, the technical indicator of aforementioned middle infrared laser is as follows: average power>=3 W@30 kHz; Repetition frequency 1 kHz-100 kHz; Pulse width≤20 ns@30 kHz; Beam quality M
2≤ 1.5; Power instability≤3% of laser instrument; Stream time>=10 hour; Accumulation life-span>=5000 hour.
Aforementioned middle infrared laser can send the mid-infrared laser of three wavelength, mineral-type and organic molecular gas and other finely ground particles strong absorption that the mid-infrared laser of these wavelength can be discharged by the fire pre-burning stage respectively, survey multiple gases in fire hazard aerosol fog and particle to realize; Described mineral-type molecular gas comprises: CO, CO
2, NO
x, HCI, HBv, H
2s, HN
3, HCN, P
2o
5, HF, SO
2, organic molecular gas comprises: phosgene, gaseous aldehyde, hydrogen cyanide.
Particularly, aforementioned three wavelength are: 3.8 μ m, 3.3 μ m, 3.1 μ m.
The crystal of aforementioned middle infrared laser is changed after axial crystal structure is by artificial, can produce periodic variation, thereby makes basic frequency laser can be converted into the mid-infrared laser of different wave length, to realize, coaxially exports a plurality of wavelength simultaneously.
Aforementioned middle infrared laser inside is provided with laser facula detector and self-con-tained unit, and described laser facula detector is surveyed hot spot surface configuration, and utilizes self-con-tained unit fine adjustment system, coupled hot spot, reaches the object of revising thermal deformation.
Aforementioned middle infrared laser inside has adopted heat-flash lens Resonator design technology, the thermal lensing effect of all optical device that comprise and the miniature deformation that caused by high light, among variable is incorporated into system, and are found out to the configuration parameter of laser instrument the best on this basis; Described middle infrared laser inside has adopted the wavelength adaptive technique of high-power diode laser array, active probe pump light is in the absorption of crystals, thereby by regulating the working temperature of diode laser matrix to make whole semiconductor work system be operated in optimum condition.
In the present invention, the middle infrared laser of realizing three-wavelength Laser output is the physical basis of multi-wavelength detection system.The commitment that occurs at fire, thermal source can discharge a large amount of sightless trace gas and molecule, has comprised forest fuel because of multiple micro-molecular gas and other finely ground particles that decomposes or burning generate, comprises mineral-type (CO, CO
2, NO
x, HCI, HBv, H
2s, HN
3, HCN, P
2o
5, HF, SO
2) and organic (phosgene, gaseous aldehyde, hydrogen cyanide etc.).These gases and molecule generally will produce in a large number in the fire pre-burning stage, and now flue gas not yet forms, and uses traditional detection method also cannot survey.Fortunately, these gases and molecule can the radiation of strong absorption mid-infrared laser, and output wavelength corresponding to different gaseous species.So the present invention preferably selects 3.8 microns, 3.3 microns, 3.1 microns three output wavelengths to detect respectively gas with various.Then by the analyses and comparison to three kinds of gasmetry results, accurately monitor place and scale that risk of forest fire occurs.Adopt middle infrared laser as laser radar light source, realized safety, low-loss, remote and high-precision detection, effective detection range reaches radius 6km, has realized the forest cover in 100 square kilometres is carried out to effective incipient fire prevention.
To sum up, usefulness of the present invention is: system of the present invention adopts middle infrared laser as laser radar light source, safety, low-loss, remote and high-precision detection have been realized, effective detection range reaches radius 6km, realized the forest cover in 100 square kilometres has been carried out to effective incipient fire prevention, guarantee Long-distance Control that forest fire surveys, intellectuality, dirigibility etc., improved to greatest extent fire alarm; The middle infrared laser that can simultaneously produce 3 wavelength has further promoted accuracy and the precision of detection, and reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser of the present invention.
The implication of Reference numeral in figure: 1, base station iron tower, 2, solar electric power supply system, 3, video camera, 4, lightning rod, 5, mid-infrared laser radar, 6, signal processes and wireless transmitter module, 7, repeater, 8, monitoring and scheduling center.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is done to concrete introduction.
Referring to Fig. 1, the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser of the present invention, comprising: mid-infrared laser radar 5, signal processing and wireless transmitter module 6, the supervisory system that comprises a video camera 3, monitoring and scheduling center 8.Wherein, mid-infrared laser radar 5 comprises a middle infrared laser, the core sensitive detection parts of whole system, preferably be installed on a highly suitable base station iron tower 1, and mid-infrared laser radar 5 can 360 degree rotation and luffing angle can regulate, to guarantee that investigative range is to take the region of the radius 6km that mid-infrared laser radar 5 positions are the center of circle, and survey without dead angle within the scope of this.Signal is processed and 6 of wireless transmitter modules are responsible for accepting the signal that mid-infrared laser radar 5 detects, and process calculation process is to have judged whether fire, if discovery fire, send fire location and take instruction to supervisory system, video camera 3 is taken, the data of taking are sent to signal again and process and wireless transmitter module 6, preferably adopt infrared-sensitive type colour to turn B/W camera, and camera lens is selected day and night type camera lens.Signal is processed and wireless transmitter module 6 is responsible for processing signals, and by wireless mode, fire relevant information is sent, preferably adopt Wireless microwave transmission mode, transmission frequency is selected from L-band, S-band or Ku wave band, the large I of output power is selected according to far and near and other natural conditions of transmission range, fire relevant information is by the wireless monitoring and scheduling center 8 that is sent to, and monitoring and scheduling center 8 is by reasonable arrangement vehicle (as fire truck) and personnel (as fireman) scheduling.
Further, system of the present invention also comprises a repeater 7, and repeater 7 can guarantee that signal transmission distance is farther and guarantee signal transmission quality, particularly, in the situation that signal transmission may run into barrier and stops, preferably adopts repeater 7.Simultaneously, in the present invention, preferably adopt solar electric power supply system 2 to power, the electric energy that sun power transforms is supplied with for whole system provides electric power, concrete configuration area and the battery storage electric weight of solar panel are configured according to system requirements electric power, but at least guaranteeing provides the electric power of 24 hours to the leading portion all devices of each control point, guaranteeing overcast and rainyly also can provide sustainable energy for system works.Certainly, under the condition of civil power easy to use, electric power is supplied with also can adopt civil power.
In order effectively to prevent that thunderstorm weather system relevant device is subject to broken by lightning, a lightning rod 4 is installed at the top of base station iron tower 1, stake resistance is not more than 4 ohm.Meanwhile, base station iron tower 1 can also provide suitable installation site for the video camera 3 of solar electric power supply system 2, signal processing and wireless transmitter module 6, supervisory system.
As a kind of concrete selection, the technical indicator of middle infrared laser of the present invention is as follows: average power:>=3 W@30 kHz; Repetition frequency: 1 kHz-100 kHz; Pulse width :≤20 ns@30 kHz; Beam quality: M
2≤ 1.5; The power instability of laser instrument :≤3%; Stream time:>=10 hours; The accumulation life-span:>=5000 hours.Herein middle infrared laser also can adopt repetition frequency not in 1 kHz-100 kHz, pulse width also comparable 20ns wider, beam quality M
2the similar laser instrument of > 1.5, still, in order to ensure detection accuracy, the instability of the output power of laser instrument is necessary≤and 3%.
In the present invention, be to utilize the flue gas that discharges before forest fire outburst to comprise forest fuel because of multiple micro-molecular gas and other finely ground particles that decomposes or burning generate, comprise mineral-type (CO, CO
2, NO
x, HCI, HBv, H
2s, HN
3, HCN, P
2o
5, HF, SO
2) and organic (phosgene, gaseous aldehyde, hydrogen cyanide etc.).These gases and molecule generally will produce in a large number in the fire pre-burning stage, and now flue gas not yet forms, and uses traditional detection method also cannot survey.But these gases and molecule can the radiation of strong absorption mid-infrared laser, so we can be by using mid-infrared laser scan irradiation to forest land, and its Absorption of real-time detection, thereby realize the utmost point early warning of forest fire.System is just based on above principle, set up and a set ofly take mid-infrared laser radar 5 as basic forest fire early detection early warning system: utilized the detection of laser beam to forest fire early-stage smog, remotely find in real time, position and the fire scale of point of origin, thereby in time, effectively put out the condition of a fire, control fire.It is high that system will make full use of middle infrared laser precision, long transmission distance, and the characteristic to eye-safe, realizes radius 6km with effective detection of interior forest fire, thereby can carry out effective incipient fire prevention to the forest cover in 100 square kilometres.
In order further to promote accuracy and the precision of detection, middle infrared laser can send the mid-infrared laser of three wavelength, preferred three wavelength are: in 3.8 μ m, 3.3 μ m, 3.1 μ m(practical applications, be also not limited to this three wavelength), these three kinds of wavelength can be surveyed multiple gases in fire hazard aerosol fog and particle respectively.System based on this laser instrument is surveyed for the active scan in radius 6km, by Absorption and the reflection case of real-time detection different wave length Laser output, again by further data processing and analysis, can accurately draw and take laser instrument position as the center of circle, the distribution situation of various minimum gas and flue dust in forest land within the scope of radius 6km, thereby effectively find potential disaster hidden-trouble, once discovery point of origin, system will calculate the center of point of origin in real time, the fire parameters such as smog scale also send the data to supervisory system, supervisory system is utilized video camera 3 to pass fire scene image back monitoring and scheduling center 8 and is recorded all processes that fire occurs and puts out a fire, put out a fire by monitored picture command scheduling in monitoring and scheduling center 8, reduce to greatest extent the loss that fire causes, play the effect of fire alarm.
In the present invention, in order to make Laser output more reliable and more stable, thereby improve early warning precision, laser instrument carried out to following some important improvement:
(1), middle infrared laser part is for the Resonator design technology of high power laser crystal, using the thermal lensing effect of all optical device that comprise and the miniature deformation that caused by high light among variable is incorporated into system, design laser cavity, reaches stable Laser output;
(2), in middle infrared laser inside, adopted active thermal deformation administrative skill, by laser facula detector being installed in laser instrument inside, survey hot spot surface configuration, and utilize self-con-tained unit fine adjustment system, coupled hot spot, reach the object of revising thermal deformation, finally make Laser output more stable;
(3), by active probe pump light in the absorption of crystals, regulate the working temperature of diode laser matrix, adopted the wavelength adaptive technique of high-power diode laser array, make whole semiconductor work system be operated in optimum condition;
(4), middle infrared laser system adopts the design of a series of physical constructions, effectively avoids the pollution of extraneous dust to crystal, guarantees the sound construction of laser instrument, stable performance;
(5), middle infrared laser internal system is provided with an artificial lens, realizes a plurality of wavelength of coaxial output simultaneously, is all coated with the crystal film of high damage threshold, can increase the crystal life-span, improves nonlinear crystal reliability;
(6), middle infrared laser adopts the design of full blast air-cooled structure, system is simple, easy for installation.
To sum up, the relative foreign technology scheme of whole system cost of the present invention is simpler, and cost is lower, lays simply, and real-time, precision and accuracy are high, without transferring the resources such as satellite, aircraft, also without too much human input, more meets China environment.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technician of the industry should understand, and above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the mode of equivalent transformation obtains, all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser, is characterized in that, comprising:
As the mid-infrared laser radar of sensitive detection parts, can 360 degree rotation and luffing angle can regulate, described mid-infrared laser radar comprises a middle infrared laser;
Signal is processed and wireless transmitter module, accepts the signal that mid-infrared laser radar detection is arrived, and process calculation process is to have judged whether fire, adopts Wireless microwave transmission mode, and transmission frequency is selected from L-band, S-band or Ku wave band;
The supervisory system that comprises a video camera, acknowledge(ment) signal is processed and information and the shooting instruction of wireless transmitter module are taken, and photographed data is sent to signal processing and wireless transmitter module;
Monitoring and scheduling center, according to the signal that signal is processed and wireless transmitter module is beamed back, arranges vehicle and personal scheduling.
2. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mid-infrared laser radar is installed on a base station iron tower, and investigative range is with the mid-infrared laser radar region that is set to the radius 6km in the center of circle in place.
3. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 2, is characterized in that, a lightning rod is installed at the top of described base station iron tower, and stake resistance is not more than 4 ohm with all devices in protection system.
4. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise: one by the repeater of wireless receiving signal, after the signal receiving is amplified, forward, to guarantee signal transmission quality and transmission range; Adopt solar electric power supply system power and guarantee to provide the electric power of at least 24 hours to the leading portion all devices of each control point.
5. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the technical indicator of described middle infrared laser is as follows: average power>=3 W@30 kHz; Repetition frequency 1 kHz-100 kHz; Pulse width≤20 ns@30 kHz; Beam quality M
2≤ 1.5; Power instability≤3% of laser instrument; Stream time>=10 hour; Accumulation life-span>=5000 hour.
6. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described middle infrared laser can send the mid-infrared laser of three wavelength, mineral-type and organic molecular gas and other finely ground particles strong absorption that the mid-infrared laser of these wavelength can be discharged by the fire pre-burning stage respectively, survey multiple gases in fire hazard aerosol fog and particle to realize; Described mineral-type molecular gas comprises: CO, CO
2, NO
x, HCI, HBv, H
2s, HN
3, HCN, P
2o
5, HF, SO
2, organic molecular gas comprises: phosgene, gaseous aldehyde, hydrogen cyanide.
7. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described three wavelength are: 3.8 μ m, 3.3 μ m, 3.1 μ m.
8. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the crystal of described middle infrared laser is changed after axial crystal structure is by artificial, can produce periodically and change, thereby make basic frequency laser can be converted into the mid-infrared laser of different wave length, to realize, coaxially export a plurality of wavelength simultaneously.
9. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described middle infrared laser inside is provided with laser facula detector and self-con-tained unit, described laser facula detector is surveyed hot spot surface configuration, and utilize self-con-tained unit fine adjustment system, coupled hot spot, reach the object of revising thermal deformation.
10. the forest fire early warning system based on middle infrared laser according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described middle infrared laser inside has adopted heat-flash lens Resonator design technology, the thermal lensing effect of all optical device that comprise and the miniature deformation that caused by high light, among variable is incorporated into system, and are found out to the configuration parameter of laser instrument the best on this basis; Described middle infrared laser inside has adopted the wavelength adaptive technique of high-power diode laser array, active probe pump light is in the absorption of crystals, thereby by regulating the working temperature of diode laser matrix to make whole semiconductor work system be operated in optimum condition.
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| CN104200607A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 西南大学 | Forest fire monitoring system |
| CN104240429A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-24 | 中国资源卫星应用中心 | Method for monitoring forest fire by means of combination of infrared and multi-spectral wave bands |
| CN105675532A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-15 | 南京英田光学工程股份有限公司 | Optical system of intermediate infrared laser radar |
| CN106910309A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-30 | 南昌航空大学 | Forest fire detecting system based on unmanned plane during flying platform |
| CN109120908A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-01 | 吉林蓝锐电子科技有限公司 | Long-range free space optical transmission method and system for forest fire protection monitoring |
| CN110389353A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-29 | 深圳云感物联网科技有限公司 | A kind of forest fire point precise positioning method and system |
| CN111710121A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-09-25 | 胡靖� | Ground-air integrated monitoring and early warning system and early warning method for forest fire |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104240429A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-24 | 中国资源卫星应用中心 | Method for monitoring forest fire by means of combination of infrared and multi-spectral wave bands |
| CN104200607A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 西南大学 | Forest fire monitoring system |
| CN104200607B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-07-06 | 西南大学 | A kind of forest fire monitoring system |
| CN105675532A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-15 | 南京英田光学工程股份有限公司 | Optical system of intermediate infrared laser radar |
| CN106910309A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-30 | 南昌航空大学 | Forest fire detecting system based on unmanned plane during flying platform |
| CN109120908A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-01 | 吉林蓝锐电子科技有限公司 | Long-range free space optical transmission method and system for forest fire protection monitoring |
| CN109120908B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2023-12-05 | 长春晟德科技有限公司 | Remote free space light transmission method and system for forest fire prevention monitoring |
| CN110389353A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-29 | 深圳云感物联网科技有限公司 | A kind of forest fire point precise positioning method and system |
| CN111710121A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-09-25 | 胡靖� | Ground-air integrated monitoring and early warning system and early warning method for forest fire |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |
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