CN103955576B - A kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight - Google Patents
A kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, carry out that counterweight is block-shaped with the topological optimization technology in finite element software, the automatic calculating of size and installation site, and simulate in software and meet dynamic balancing and can the actual balancing weight physical dimension of manufacture requirements and shape, its essence is by the virtual emulation result of balancing weight as the foundation of dynamic balance calibration and reference, to reach minimizing labor intensity, improve the purpose of the efficiency of counterweight dynamic balance calibrating method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lathe counterweight field, more particularly, to a kind of method of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight and dress
Put.
Background technology
Good machining accuracy is put forward higher requirement to the static and dynamic equilibrium of all kinds of lathes.Chuck is the master of lathe work
Want part.In ideal conditions, with when not rotating during rotation, the pressure that main shaft bearing is produced is the same, card at this moment
Disk is the revolving body of balance.But when chuck material is uneven, abrasion, rigging error or during the processing of eccentric clamp part, will go out
The now misaligned situation of the centre of gyration of center of gravity (barycenter) and main shaft, will produce centrifugal intertia force when rotated, be centrifuged inertia
Power not only makes workpiece work in-process produce vibration, affects machining accuracy, but also can be applied on the body of lathe bed by bearing,
Cause vibration, produce noise, accelerate bearing wear, shorten the lathe life-span, sexual behavior event when serious, can be damaged.For this reason, must
Must chuck be balanced so as to reach the balance accuracy grade of permission when chuck center of gravity and the centre of gyration are misaligned,
Or so that the mechanical vibration amplitude of therefore generation is dropped in allowed limits.
The manual dynamic balancing that dynamic balancing increases to be separated with duplicate removal is continued to use for a long time always for lathe chuck dynamic balancing
Correction Strategies, complete dynamically balanced measurement initially with some dynamic balancing weighing-appliances, and measurement result with certain side
Formula shows, then, operator, according to the reading of display result, sets by the operating experience of itself and corresponding processing
Standby, chuck is carried out with examination and gathers balance.Manual correction production efficiency is low, but capital input is few, at present still by domestic medium-sized and small enterprises
Extensively adopt.
Increase correction dynamic balance method and be called counterweight dynamic balance calibrating method again, add counterweight in chuck suitable position
Block.Plus balancing weight carry out dynamic balance calibration key be that balance weight riding position determination peace weighing apparatus block weight selection.
At present plus balancing weight carry out dynamic balance calibration mainly have counterweight method of moving in week, graticule method, synthetic method, one point method, line-of-sight course counterweight method,
Four-point method counterweight method etc., the main common problem existing is：
1st, computationally intensive, such as existing method will calculate balancing weight weight, balancing weight installation site and layout etc. substantially.
2nd, execute-in-place manual operation amount is big, and adjustment is loaded down with trivial details.Operator must be repeated data by pertinent instruments and survey
Measure, find out the links such as uneven direction, position adjustment, balancing weight repair, high labor intensive, time-consuming.
3rd, start and stop number of times is frequent.Due to will constantly carry out the measurement of vibration data, lathe start and stop number of times is frequently, unfavorable
Maintenance and energy-conservation in lathe.
At present, also there is the research carrying out lathe counterweight design by virtual emulation both at home and abroad, such as Patent No.
" 201110059892.9 ", that entitled " method for designing of the dynamic balance weight of asymmetric complex parts emulation " is related to is a kind of non-right
Claim complex parts dynamic balance weight emulation method for designing, for part part in fixed axis spinning process with
After fixture combination, the emulation design method of balancing weight needed for dynamic balancing.
This method comprises the steps：1) set up processing part data model；2) according to operation part design fixture；3)
Part in operation and fixture are assembled together；4) operation part is set up by CATIA software and process rotation axiss I, root simultaneously
According to the speed of mainshaft of grinding machine, determine that simulation axis allows the range size in region；5) the design simulation process of balancing weight：In assembling
The new balancing weight of in figure insertion, is symmetrically disposed in assembling model for axis of symmetry centered on the axis of grinding machine；Adjustment balancing weight
The inertia after assembling is made to measure axis II in permission regional extent；6) balancing weight part is exported, and process；7) in mill
When cutting this operation part, by the fixture of stand-by balancing weight and parts assembly to together be processed.
Although this emulation mode can improve production efficiency to a certain extent, have the disadvantages that：1) adjust in software
The process of whole balancing weight is excessively complicated, and examination is gathered more frequent；2) size shape of balancing weight and position depend on clamp structure and
Installation site, the restricted application of method；3) analogue simulation is combined not with field adjustable process, easily causes error.
Additionally, also researcher is (referring to document：Ma Yonghong. added for CNC heavy turning machine chuck using Solidedge software
Plus counterweight does blance test [J]. intermetallic composite coating, 2011, (9):Solidedge software 74-75.) is utilized to be CNC heavy turning machine
Chuck adds counterweight and does blance test, and key step includes：Chuck and the solid modelling of corresponding frock, the counterweight dress of simulation chuck
Join, chuck center of gravity calculation, create position model and position calculation sketch, add counterweight equation etc..This method utilizes
The computing function of Solidedge, in that context it may be convenient to calculate the center of gravity of chuck, thus carrying out counterweight according to position of centre of gravity, has one
Fixed convenience.But whole method and process are confined to the counterweight balance of chuck, do not account for the change after workpiece assembling
Change, belong to simple static balance category, when bias in workpiece, after installing with chuck, carried out by calculating chuck center of gravity merely
The method of counterweight then cannot solve the problems, such as the dual-threshold detection of complexity, lacks certain practicality.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight is it is intended to solve the above-mentioned back of the body
Deficiency in scape technology.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, comprises the following steps：
S1, the assembling model to multiple parts carry out overall center of gravity constraint；
S2, support Abaqus finite element software, are deleted by the material that topological optimization technology treats topological optimization model
Subtract, obtain the shape of balancing weight and installation site in dynamic balance calibration.
Preferably, described step S1 includes step in detail below：
The three-dimensional of the two is drawn in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software respectively according to chuck and workpiece geometries
Model, and assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck threedimensional model approximately reflects key wear portion
Position abrasion condition；
According to the barycentric coodinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region,
Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is laid with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface perpendicular to
Axis of rotation and the split for treating topological optimization model；
Define the material properties of three physical models, applying Virtual Load, and divide the grid of three physical models, setting
Analysis step, sets up strain energy majorized function；
The parameters such as setting topological optimization region, task, object function, constraint, wherein center of gravity constraint ensure overall center of gravity
Position, volume constraint then controls the weight of configuration block；Submission process, exports topological optimization result.
Preferably, described step S2 includes step in detail below：
According to topological optimization result, determine and record the position that balancing weight is with respect to chuck, and in three-dimensional modeling or limited
Carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle on meta software, the balancing weight after matching is formed with chuck and workpiece
New assembly, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, that checks overall center of gravity meets situation, if be unsatisfactory for, continues
Continue be modified, until meet require block-shaped to counterweight；
Output balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching are processed, and are pacified according to the position of record
Dress, checks and realizes the correction of spot dynamic balance.
Invention further provides a kind of device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, including：
Center of gravity constraints module, for carrying out overall center of gravity constraint to the assembling model of multiple parts；
And dynamic balance calibration module, for relying on Abaqus finite element software, topology is treated by topological optimization technology
The material of Optimized model is deleted, and obtains the shape of balancing weight and installation site in dynamic balance calibration；Wherein, described center of gravity is about
Bundle module and dynamic balance calibration module connect.
Preferably, described center of gravity constraints module includes：
Wear Simulation module, for dividing in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries
Do not draw the threedimensional model of the two, and assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck threedimensional model is approximate
Reflect key wear position abrasion condition；
Treat topological optimization module, for the barycentric coodinates according to chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, press
According to balance basis surface region, set up and treat topological optimization model, and together with it is laid with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece,
Wherein balance basis surface perpendicular to axis of rotation and is the split treating topological optimization model；
Strain energy optimization module, for defining the material properties of three physical models, applies Virtual Load, and divides three
The grid of physical model, arranges analysis step, sets up strain energy majorized function；
Topological optimization module, for arranging the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, object function, constraint, wherein center of gravity about
Bundle ensures the position of overall center of gravity, and volume constraint then controls the weight of configuration block, submits process to, exports topological optimization result；Its
In,
Described wear Simulation module, treat topological optimization module, strain energy optimization module, topological optimization module and dynamic balancing
Correction module is sequentially connected.
Preferably, described dynamic balance calibration module includes：
The block-shaped correcting module of counterweight, for according to topological optimization result, determining and recording balancing weight with respect to chuck
Position, and carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, after matching
Balancing weight and chuck and workpiece form new assembly, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, the overall center of gravity of inspection
Meet situation, if be unsatisfactory for, continue block-shaped to counterweight is modified, until meet require；
Correction module is checked in dynamic balancing, and for exporting balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching carry out adding
Work, and installed according to the position of record, check and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance；Wherein,
Described topological optimization module, the block-shaped correcting module of counterweight and dynamic balancing inspection correction module are sequentially connected.
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, uses
Topological optimization technology in finite element software carries out that counterweight is block-shaped, the automatic calculating of size and installation site, and in software
Simulate meet dynamic balancing and can the actual balancing weight physical dimension of manufacture requirements and shape, its essence is the void by balancing weight
Intend simulation result as the foundation of dynamic balance calibration and reference, to reduce labor intensity, improve counterweight dynamic balance calibrating method
Efficiency.Particular technique route is as follows：
1st, after completing the installation to eccentric work piece for the chuck, processing site passes through conventional instrument (as amesdial etc.) survey first
Go out the eccentric position of chuck and workpiece, only need to measure the direction of centre-of gravity shift for chuck, in chuck periphery labelling.And pass through
Adjustment, makes the center of gravity phase coincidence of chuck and workpiece as far as possible, and (the two center of gravity is hung down with axis of rotation can to allow certain error
Within 15 degree of wire clamp angle).
2nd, the two three are drawn in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software respectively according to chuck and workpiece geometries
Dimension module, and assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, wherein chuck threedimensional model will approximately reflect master
Want abrading section (as jaw sliding surface etc.) abrasion condition, so that its position of centre of gravity can more truly be embodied.
3rd, the barycentric coodinates according to chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface location
Domain, sets up and treats topological optimization model, and together with it is laid with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is vertical
In axis of rotation and for treating the split of topological optimization model.
As shown in figure 1, set main shaft gyration speed as, chuck quality m1, the distance (radius vector) of center of gravity to the centre of gyration is
r1, the centrifugal intertia force of generation isEccentric shaft workpiece quality m3, the distance (radius vector) of center of gravity to the centre of gyration is r3, produce
Raw centrifugal intertia force isBecause two inertia force phase places are less than 15 degree, inertia force is projected in the two angle
Between on face and its vertical, both ratio differs greatly, and therefore projects to the centrifugal force of the two angle median surface vertical direction
Component is less on aequum impact, then just the dynamic balancing of two-sided correction can be converted into the static balance problem of one side.If flat
Balance mass m of weighing apparatus basal plane2, the distance (radius vector) of its center of gravity to the centre of gyration is r2, the centrifugal intertia force of generation is
If chuck center of gravity radius vector becomes 15 degree with eccentric shaft center of gravity radius vector, eccentric shaft centrifugal intertia force is α with the median surface angle of projection, then
Chuck centrifugal intertia force is 15 ° of-α with the median surface angle of projection, and between 0 to 15 degree, balance inertial force is pressed from both sides α with its perspective plane
Angle is β, can be approximately considered and there is following relation：
Above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium problems will solve L1、m2、r2, five unknown quantitys of α and β, therefore need first according to above formula latter two
Position (the L of equation estimation balance basis surface1), namely treat the position in topological optimization model split (center of gravity place face), Ran Houtong
Cross position of centre of gravity, volume and the shape of topological optimization automatic calculated equilibrium block, and realize the reasonable layout of overall center of gravity.In order to carry
The solving precision of high balance correction, another projection components of centrifugal intertia force also should meet following relation in theory：
Due to being to solve dynamic equilibrium problems with one side, unknown quantity α and β not necessarily has solution, but topological optimization can be by about
The satisfaction of bundle, determines corresponding α and β so that the error control of (2) formula is in less scope, thus meeting overall center of gravity
The solving precision of constraint.
4th, define the material properties of three physical models, in order to set up strain energy majorized function, Virtual Load must be applied, and
Divide the grid of three physical models, analysis step is set；
5th, the parameter such as setting topological optimization region, task, object function, constraint, wherein center of gravity constraint ensure overall center of gravity
Position, volume constraint then controls the weight of configuration block；Submission process, exports topological optimization result, this result is as in theory
The shape of balancing weight and installation site.
6th, according to topological optimization result, determine and record the position that balancing weight is with respect to chuck, and in three-dimensional modeling or have
Carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle, by the balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece shape on limit meta software
The assembly of Cheng Xin, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, that checks overall center of gravity meets situation, if be unsatisfactory for,
Continue be modified, until meet require block-shaped to counterweight.
7th, export balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching are processed, and according to the position of record Lai
Install, check and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
Compared to the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, efficiently, accurate calculating process automatically.By modeling and the assembling of Abaqus finite element software, truly reflect
Chuck and the installation site of workpiece, based on the topological optimization technology under the constraint of overall center of gravity, realize treating topological optimization model
Automatically delete, be met overall center of gravity constraints counterweight is block-shaped and position, whole calculate iteration and design cycle mistake
Journey is all completed by ATOM in Abaqus, calculate accurately, efficiently it is only necessary to artificially simply be modeled and parameter setting, reduce
Artificial calculating and the workload of scene adjustment.
2nd, counterweight is block-shaped, the cooperative control method of position and weight.In other counterweight dynamic balance calibrating methods, counterweight
Or the shape of block, size and weight fix standardization, balance correction mainly by seek the rational position of balancing weight Lai
Realize, and in most cases need different size balancing weight to combine and adjustment is repeated, sometimes even cannot obtain
Accurately balance scheme.Method in this patent, is the shape of material reservation region, position and weight connection after topological optimization
With realizing dynamic balancing, weight can be controlled by volume constraint for cooperation, and shape have larger can repair leeway, work in coordination with control
Effect processed is obvious.
3rd, stable dynamic accuracy.Because topological optimization is the overall center of gravity constraint that chuck, balance weight and workpiece are formed
It is controlled, therefore to workpiece non-eccentricity position (shaft part of turning and rotation conllinear during as processing eccentric shaft) turning
When, after the dynamic change of workpiece volume, and overall center of gravity small range only on axis of rotation moves, and does not deviate by gyroaxis all the time
Line, maintains higher dynamic balance accuracy.
4th, the simplification of complicated dynamic balancing solution procedure.This patent considers the complexity that chuck is eccentric and workpiece is eccentric simultaneously and moves
Balance, in order to simplify calculating and solution procedure, is controlled to the angle of chuck and workpiece center of gravity to axis of rotation vertical line
System, maximum angle allows to change in 15 degree, is manually adjusted with facilitating；Angle controls in less scope, is centrifuged inertia
Two component ratio of power are very big, can weaken the impact compared with small component value, then can be by complicated dual-threshold detection Correction Problemss
It is converted into the Solve problems of one side, decreases amount of calculation, so that the dual-threshold detection Correction Problemss of complexity is simplified, and calculate essence
Degree can control in allowed limits.
5th, strong applicability.This patent is only using lathe chuck processing eccentric shaft as example, but uses overall center of gravity constraint
Topological optimization technology carries out other revolving bodies that counterweight dynamic balance calibration is equally applicable to have similar working condition and require, such as
The static and dynamic equilibrium problem of rotor and wheel, with strong applicability.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the position relationship schematic diagram of description of the invention partial equilibrium basal plane；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of steps of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in chuck three-dimensional model diagram；
Fig. 4 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in eccentric shaft three-dimensional model diagram；
Fig. 5 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in chuck and eccentric shaft installation diagram；
Fig. 6 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in treat topological optimization model schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in topological optimization model, chuck and eccentric shaft
Installation diagram；
Fig. 8 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in stress and strain model schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in the lower topological optimization of overall center of gravity constraint tie
Fruit schematic diagram；
Figure 10 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in overall barycentric coodinates value before topological optimization；
Figure 11 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in overall barycentric coodinates value after topological optimization；
Figure 12 is that the counterweight simulating in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention is block-shaped and position
Schematic diagram；
Figure 13 be lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention embodiment of the method in after matching overall center of gravity coordinate figure；
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the device embodiment of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
A kind of method of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, as shown in Fig. 2 comprise the following steps
S1, the assembling model to multiple parts carry out overall center of gravity constraint；
Described step S1 includes step in detail below：
S10, the two is drawn respectively in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries
Threedimensional model, and assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck threedimensional model approximately reflects main mill
Damage position abrasion condition；
In step slo, more specifically, as taking certain model lathe chuck processing eccentric shaft as a example.
True form first according to chuck and workpiece and size carry out three-dimensional modeling in Abaqus6.11, such as Fig. 3 Fig. 4
Shown.Because the claw of chuck is symmetrical, quality is much smaller than chuck, so being negligible, with the letter of chuck during modeling
Changing model replaces true model not interfere with final calculation result.The cylindrical 900mm of chuck, inner circle 120mm, thickness 150mm；Eccentric
Two eccentric axis of axle apart from 17.65mm, big shaft section diameter 275.3mm, long 200mm, little shaft section diameter 240mm, long 150mm.
Assembled according to chuck and eccentric shaft actual installation position and (assumed that the two center of gravity and the vertical line angle of axis of rotation control 15
Within degree), as shown in Figure 5.
S11, the barycentric coodinates according to chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, it is located according to balance basis surface
Region, sets up and treats topological optimization model, and together with it is laid with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is vertical
Directly in axis of rotation and for treating the split of topological optimization model；
In step s 11, estimate the position of balance basis surface, namely the position in balance weight center of gravity place face.According to formula (1)
Estimated, eccentric shaft big shaft part quality is 92.8kg, the radius vector 17.65mm of center of gravity to axis of rotation, weight and radius vector product
For 1637.92kg.mm, apart from chuck split apart from 275mm；It is the simplest, warp that balancing weight weight is directly installed on chuck
Ji and the mode being conveniently adjusted, therefore radius vector can tentatively elect 250～450mm as according to the size of chuck, and balancing weight weight can be just
Step elects 5～9kg as, the equilibrium equation of the centrifugal intertia force square according to formula (1), estimates balancing weight centroidal distance chuck split
Distance between 360.34～111.22mm, act on moment of flexure on main shaft bearing to reduce overall center of gravity, make as far as possible
This distance takes smaller value, is tentatively set to 125mm, if topological optimization solve in cannot meet the constraint, again choose.
The thickness half of chuck is 75mm, therefore treats that the thickness of topological optimization model can be identified as 100mm, sets up and treat topological optimization model
As shown in Figure 6.To treat that topological optimization model is assembled together with chuck and eccentric shaft, as shown in Figure 7.
S12, the material properties of three physical models of definition, applying Virtual Load, and divide the grid of three physical models,
Setting analysis step, sets up strain energy majorized function；
In step s 12, define the material properties of part, refer mainly to density of material, elastic modelling quantity, section attribute etc., its
Middle chuck is cast iron, treats that topological optimization model (balance weight) material and eccentric shaft material are 45 steel.And treating topological optimization model
Apply an imaginary load, be equivalent to clamping force balance weight being fixed on chuck.Grid division is as shown in figure 8, and define
Analysis step.
The parameters such as S13, setting topological optimization region, task, object function, constraint, wherein center of gravity constraint ensure overall weight
The position of the heart, volume constraint then controls the weight of configuration block；Submission process, exports topological optimization result.
In step s 13, the present invention is substantially to realize topological optimization, therefore topological optimization by the control of overall center of gravity
The whole assembling model in Fig. 7 need to be selected in region, but will exclude chuck and eccentric shaft so that treating topological optimization by geometrical constraint
Model becomes unique material and rejects region.Setting topological optimization task, majorized function is that strain energy is minimum, and volume constraint is less than
80% (being it desired to balancing weight lighter, can arrange less by this value in topological optimization allowed band) of initial volume,
Overall center of gravity constrains x and y coordinates ± 0.01mm, and z coordinate is less than 160mm, setting topological optimization cycle-index 10 times or termination bar
Part.Submission process, after design cycle terminates, the topological optimization result obtaining is as shown in Figure 9.From output file as can be seen that opening up
Before flutterring optimization, overall three coordinates of center of gravity are respectively 0.70449mm, 1.25239mm, 113.884mm, as shown in Figure 10；Open up
After flutterring optimization, overall three coordinates of center of gravity are respectively 0.000792551mm, -0.000794464mm and 113.935mm, such as Figure 11
Shown.
S2, support Abaqus finite element software, are deleted by the material that topological optimization technology treats topological optimization model
Subtract, obtain the shape of balancing weight and installation site in dynamic balance calibration.
Step S2 includes step in detail below：
S20, according to topological optimization result, determine and record the position that balancing weight is with respect to chuck, and in three-dimensional modeling or
Carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle, by the balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece on finite element software
Form new assembly, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, that checks overall center of gravity meets situation, if discontented
Foot, continues be modified, until meet require block-shaped to counterweight；
In step S20, due in irregular shape after topological optimization, do not meet manufacturability principle, therefore will be at this
It is fitted on the basis of shape, the principle of matching is not change original position, as far as possible with simple straight line and circular arc generation
For original curve, require if being unsatisfactory for center of gravity after matching, matching to be re-started.After curve matching several times, obtain
The shape of balancing weight and position as shown in figure 12, three coordinates of the overall center of gravity that the shape according to this balancing weight and position obtain
Value is respectively -0.0367mm, -0.0459053mm and 108.163mm, as shown in figure 13 although x and y coordinates accuracy value is more topological
Decrease after optimization, but remain to meet requirement, and z coordinate is less than original 113mm, has obtained certain improvement.From matching
Cheng Kezhi, if higher coordinate precision will be sought, acceptable matching further, have more than larger matching space and precision controlling
Ground.
S21, output balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching are processed, and the position according to record
To install, to check and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
In the step s 21, the model after matching is exported, balancing weight processing and peace are carried out according to the size on output pattern
Dress, dynamic balancing when simple debugging can achieve chuck turning eccentric shaft at the scene, and in the little shaft part of turning eccentric shaft
When, due to little shaft part axis of rotation and main shaft gyration dead in line, therefore in turning process, the x and y coordinates of overall center of gravity are not
Can change, z coordinate even can diminish, and therefore this balance weight ballasting method can keep certain dynamic accuracy.
Compliance test result is carried out to the correction result obtained by the embodiment of the present invention, detailed process is as follows：
According to international standard ISO1940, G6.3 should be reached for lathe chuck dynamic balance accuracy grade, lathe chuck with
The overall degree of unbalancedness allowable of eccentric shaft is：
Lathe is usually no more than 900r/min in the maximum speed n of processing similar this example bias shaft-like work, can calculate and must be permitted
It is 66.879 μm with degree of unbalancedness.
Allowable amount of unbalance corresponding to the eper upper limit of highest working speed is：
Uper=eper.m1(4)
Wherein m1 is chuck and eccentric shaft overall weight, is 740.31kg in this example, can calculate Uper is
49511.19kg.μm.The radius vector after dynamic balance calibration can be obtained according to the coordinate figure of center of gravity overall after matching in this example is
58.77 μm, the balancing weight weight through matching is 10.6kg, and therefore can obtain the overall amount of unbalance after dynamic balance calibration is：
750.91 × 58.77=44130.98kg. μm<49511.19kg.μm
Therefore it is processed and layout according to the shape and position of balancing weight after matching, then can meet dynamic balancing essence completely
Degree requires.
Invention further provides a kind of device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, as shown in figure 14, including：
Center of gravity constraints module 1, for the assembling to multiple parts (include chuck, workpiece and treat topological optimization model etc.)
Model carries out overall center of gravity constraint；
And dynamic balance calibration module 2, for relying on Abaqus finite element software, topology is treated by topological optimization technology
The material of Optimized model is deleted, and obtains the shape of balancing weight and installation site in dynamic balance calibration；Wherein, described center of gravity is about
Bundle module 1 and dynamic balance calibration module 2 connect.
In embodiments of the present invention, more specifically, described center of gravity constraints module 1 includes：
Wear Simulation module 11, for according to chuck and workpiece geometries in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software
Draw the threedimensional model of the two respectively, and assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck threedimensional model is near
Seemingly reflect key wear position abrasion condition；
Treat topological optimization module 12, for the barycentric coodinates according to chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface,
According to balance basis surface region, set up and treat topological optimization model, and it is placed in one with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece
Rise, wherein balance basis surface perpendicular to axis of rotation and is the split treating topological optimization model；
Strain energy optimization module 13, for defining the material properties of three physical models, applies Virtual Load, and divides three
The grid of individual physical model, arranges analysis step, sets up strain energy majorized function；
Topological optimization module 14, for arranging the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, object function, constraint, wherein center of gravity
Constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, and volume constraint then controls the weight of configuration block, submits process to, exports topological optimization result；
Wherein,
Described wear Simulation module 11, treat topological optimization module 12, strain energy optimization module 13, topological optimization module 14 with
And dynamic balance calibration module 2 is sequentially connected.
More specifically, described dynamic balance calibration module 2 includes：
The block-shaped correcting module of counterweight 21, for according to topological optimization result, determining and recording balancing weight with respect to chuck
Position, and carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, by matching
Balancing weight afterwards forms new assembly with chuck and workpiece, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, the overall weight of inspection
The heart meet situation, if be unsatisfactory for, continue block-shaped to counterweight is modified, until meet require；
Correction module 22 is checked in dynamic balancing, and for exporting balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching are carried out
Processing, and installed according to the position of record, check and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance；Wherein,
Described topological optimization module 14, the block-shaped correcting module of counterweight 21 and dynamic balancing inspection correction module 22 connect successively
Connect.
In embodiments of the present invention, the lathe chuck in the device of described lathe chuck dynamic balance weight and above-described embodiment
The method of dynamic balance weight is corresponding, and the principle in said method and beneficial effect equally explain the device of the present embodiment, here
Repeat no more.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, the assembling model to multiple parts carry out overall center of gravity constraint；
S2, support Abaqus finite element software, are deleted by the material that topological optimization technology treats topological optimization model, are obtained
The shape of balancing weight and installation site in dynamic balance calibration；
Described step S1 includes step in detail below：
The threedimensional model of the two is drawn respectively in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries,
And assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck threedimensional model approximately reflects to wear and tear in key wear position
Situation；
According to the barycentric coodinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, set up
Treat topological optimization model, and together with it is laid with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to revolution
Axis and the split for treating topological optimization model；
Define the material properties of three physical models, applying Virtual Load, and divide the grid of three physical models, setting analysis
Step, sets up strain energy majorized function；
Setting topological optimization region, task, object function and constraint, wherein center of gravity constraint ensure the position of overall center of gravity, volume
Constraint then controls the weight of configuration block；Submission process, exports topological optimization result；
Described step S2 includes step in detail below：
According to topological optimization result, determine and record the position that balancing weight is with respect to chuck, and soft in three-dimensional modeling or finite element
Carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle on part, the balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed new
Assembly, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, that checks overall center of gravity meets situation, if be unsatisfactory for, it is right to continue
Counterweight is block-shaped to be modified, until meet requiring；
Output balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching are processed, and are installed according to the position of record, inspection
Test and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
2. a kind of device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight is it is characterised in that include：
Center of gravity constraints module, for carrying out overall center of gravity constraint to the assembling model of multiple parts；
And dynamic balance calibration module, for relying on Abaqus finite element software, topological optimization is treated by topological optimization technology
The material of model is deleted, and obtains the shape of balancing weight and installation site in dynamic balance calibration；Wherein, described center of gravity constrains mould
Block and dynamic balance calibration module connect；
Described center of gravity constraints module includes：
Wear Simulation module, for drawing respectively in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries
Go out the threedimensional model of the two, and assembled according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck threedimensional model approximately reflects
Go out key wear position abrasion condition；
Treat topological optimization module, for the barycentric coodinates according to chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to flat
Weighing apparatus basal plane region, sets up and treats topological optimization model, and together with it is laid with the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein
Balance basis surface perpendicular to axis of rotation and is the split treating topological optimization model；
Strain energy optimization module, for defining the material properties of three physical models, applies Virtual Load, and divides three entities
The grid of model, arranges analysis step, sets up strain energy majorized function；
Topological optimization module, for arranging topological optimization region, task, object function and constraint, wherein center of gravity constraint guarantee is whole
The position of the body weight heart, volume constraint then controls the weight of configuration block, submits process to, exports topological optimization result；Wherein, described mould
Intend abrasion module, treat that topological optimization module, strain energy optimization module, topological optimization module and dynamic balance calibration module connect successively
Connect；
Described dynamic balance calibration module includes：
The block-shaped correcting module of counterweight, for according to topological optimization result, determining and recording the position that balancing weight is with respect to chuck,
And carry out the block-shaped matching of counterweight according to manufacturability principle on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, by the counterweight after matching
Block forms new assembly with chuck and workpiece, according to setting and the calculation procedure of topological optimization, the satisfaction of the overall center of gravity of inspection
Situation, if be unsatisfactory for, continues be modified, until meet require block-shaped to counterweight；
Correction module is checked in dynamic balancing, and for exporting balancing weight, the shape and size according to balancing weight after matching are processed, and
Installed according to the position of record, check and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance；Wherein, described topological optimization module, balancing weight
Shape correcting module and dynamic balancing inspection correction module are sequentially connected.
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| CN105630600A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-06-01 | 北京临近空间飞行器系统工程研究所 | High-precision method for automatically adjusting quality characteristics of finite element models |
| CN108119384B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-03-31 | 沈阳透平机械股份有限公司 | Rotor dynamic balance adjusting method and device of centrifugal compressor |
| CN108469264B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2020-04-24 | 杭州晶一智能科技有限公司 | Automatic dust collection robot optimal path planning method based on angle analysis |
| CN109614694B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2023-06-23 | 天津大学 | Design method and device for plate pushing machine |
| CN112115546A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-22 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Method and system for building fatigue weight on vehicle body, storage medium, terminal and railway vehicle |
| CN112364537A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for evaluating dynamic characteristics of vertical hydraulic generator counterweight block |
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