CN103955576A - Method and device for weighing dynamic balance of lathe chuck - Google Patents
Method and device for weighing dynamic balance of lathe chuck Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for weighing dynamic balance of a lathe chuck. According to the method and the device, provided by the invention, automatic computing on the shape, the size and the installation position of a weighing block is carried out by utilizing a topological optimization technology in finite element software, the actual geometric size and the actual shape of the weighing block meeting the requirements on dynamic balance and manufacturing can be simulated in the software, in essence, a virtual simulation result of the weighing block is used as a basis and a consult for correcting the dynamic balance, and thus the purposes of reducing the labor strength and increasing the efficiency of a dynamic balance weighing and correcting method can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lathe counterweight field, relate in particular to a kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight.
Background technology
Good machining precision is had higher requirement to the static and dynamic equilibrium of all kinds of lathes.Chuck is the critical piece of lathe work.In ideal conditions, when rotation and while rotation, the pressure that main shaft bearing is produced is the same, and chuck is at this moment the solid of revolution of balance.But when inhomogeneous, the wearing and tearing of chuck material, rigging error or eccentric clamp part add man-hour, the situation that just there will be the centre of gyration of center of gravity (barycenter) and main shaft not overlap, will produce when rotated centrifugal intertia force, centrifugal intertia force not only makes workpiece work in-process produce vibration, affects machining precision, but also can be applied on the body of lathe bed by bearing, cause vibration, produce noise, accelerate bearing wear, shorten the lathe life-span, when serious, can damage incidents.For this reason, must, when chuck center of gravity does not overlap with the centre of gyration, carry out balance to chuck, make its balance accuracy grade that reaches permission, or the mechanical vibration amplitude therefore producing is fallen in allowed limits.
Continue to use for a long time transient equilibrium for lathe chuck transient equilibrium always and increase the weight of the manual dynamic balance calibration strategy being separated with duplicate removal, first adopt some transient equilibrium weighing-appliances to complete dynamically balanced measurement, and measurement result is shown in some way, then, operator is according to the reading that shows result, the operating experience and the corresponding process equipment that rely on self, try to gather balance to chuck.The manual production efficiency of proofreading and correct is low, but capital input is few, is still extensively adopted by domestic medium-sized and small enterprises at present.
Increase the weight of to proofread and correct dynamic balance method and be called again counterweight dynamic balance calibrating method, add balancing weight at chuck suitable position.Add the choosing of definite peace weighing apparatus piece weight that key that balancing weight carries out dynamic balance calibration is just counterbalance weight riding position.Add at present balancing weight and carry out dynamic balance calibration and mainly contain the counterweight method of moving in week, graticule method, overall approach, one point method, three point method counterweight method, four-point method counterweight method etc., the main common problem of existence is:
1, calculated amount is large, as existing method substantially all will be calculated balancing weight weight, balancing weight installation site and layout etc.
2, execute-in-place manual work amount is large, adjusts loaded down with trivial details.The links such as operating personnel must repeatedly carry out DATA REASONING by pertinent instruments, find out uneven direction, position adjustment, balancing weight repair, labour intensity is large, length consuming time.
3, start and stop number of times is frequent.Owing to will constantly carrying out the measurement of vibration data, lathe start and stop number of times is frequent, is unfavorable for the maintenance of lathe and energy-conservation.
At present, also there is the research of carrying out lathe counterweight design by virtual emulation both at home and abroad, if the patent No. is that " 201110059892.9 ", name are called the method for designing that " method for designing of the dynamic balance weight emulation of asymmetric complex parts " relates to a kind of dynamic balance weight emulation of asymmetric complex parts, rotating after process part and fixture combination the emulation design method of the required balancing weight of transient equilibrium around fixed axis for part.
This method comprises the steps: 1) set up processing parts data model; 2) according to operation Element Design fixture; 3) together with part in operation is arrived with Fixture assembly; 4) set up operation part processing rotation I by CATIA software, simultaneously according to the speed of mainshaft of grinding machine, determine that simulation axis allows the range size in region; 5) the design simulation process of balancing weight: in wiring layout, insert new balancing weight, centered by the axis of grinding machine as axis of symmetry symmetry is placed in assembling model; Adjusting balancing weight makes the inertia after assembling measure axis II in permission regional extent; 6) by the output of balancing weight part, and process; 7) in the time of this operation part of grinding, by the fixture of stand-by balancing weight and Assembly of the parts to together with process.
Although this emulation mode can be enhanced productivity to a certain extent, there is following shortcoming: the process of 1) adjusting balancing weight in software is too complicated, and examination is gathered more frequent; 2) clamp structure and installation site are depended in the size shape of balancing weight and position, the restricted application of method; 3) analogue simulation is combined not with field adjustable process, easily causes error.
In addition, also have researcher (referring to document: Ma Yonghong. utilize Solidedge software to do balance test [J] for CNC heavy turning machine chuck adds counterweight. metal processing, 2011, (9): 74-75.) utilize Solidedge software to do balance test for CNC heavy turning machine chuck adds counterweight, key step comprises: the solid modelling of chuck and corresponding frock, the counterweight assembling of simulation chuck, chuck center of gravity calculation, create position model and position calculation sketch, add counterweight equation etc.This method is utilized the computing function of Solidedge, can calculate easily the center of gravity of chuck, thereby carry out counterweight according to centre of gravity place, has certain convenience.But whole Method and Process is confined to the counterweigh of chuck, do not consider the variation after workpiece assembling, belong to simple static equilibrium category, when workpiece occurs eccentric, after installing with chuck, the method of carrying out merely counterweight by calculating chuck center of gravity cannot solve complicated two-sided dynamic equilibrium problems, lacks certain practicality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, be intended to solve the deficiency in above-mentioned background technology.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, comprises the following steps:
S1, the assembling model of multiple parts is carried out to overall center of gravity constraint;
S2, support Abaqus finite element software, treat the material of Topological optimization model and delete by topological optimization technology, obtain shape and the installation site of balancing weight in dynamic balance calibration.
Preferably, described step S1 comprises following concrete steps:
In 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software, draw respectively the three-dimensional model of the two according to chuck and workpiece geometries, and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck three-dimensional model approximate reverse mirrors main abrading section abrasion condition;
According to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model;
The material properties of three solid models of definition, applies Virtual Load, and divides the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set, and sets up strain energy majorized function;
The parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, and wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, and volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block; Submission process, output topological optimization result.
Preferably, described step S2 comprises following concrete steps:
According to topological optimization result, determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck, and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle, balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly, according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met, continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands;
Output balancing weight, processes according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and installs according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
The device that the present invention further provides a kind of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, comprising:
Center of gravity constraints module, for carrying out overall center of gravity constraint to the assembling model of multiple parts;
And dynamic balance calibration module, for relying on Abaqus finite element software, treat the material of Topological optimization model by topological optimization technology and delete, obtain shape and the installation site of balancing weight in dynamic balance calibration; Wherein, described center of gravity constraints module is connected with dynamic balance calibration module.
Preferably, described center of gravity constraints module comprises:
Wear Simulation module, for draw respectively the three-dimensional model of the two at 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries, and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck three-dimensional model approximate reverse mirrors main abrading section abrasion condition;
Treat topological optimization module, be used for according to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model;
Strain energy is optimized module, for defining the material properties of three solid models, applies Virtual Load, and divides the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set, and sets up strain energy majorized function;
Topological optimization module, for the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block, submission process, output topological optimization result; Wherein,
Described wear Simulation module, treat that topological optimization module, strain energy optimize module, topological optimization module and dynamic balance calibration module and connect successively.
Preferably, described dynamic balance calibration module comprises:
Balancing weight shape correcting module, be used for according to topological optimization result, determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck, and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle, the balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly, according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met, continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands;
Transient equilibrium inspection correction module, for exporting balancing weight, processes according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and installs according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance; Wherein,
Described topological optimization module, balancing weight shape correcting module and transient equilibrium inspection correction module connect successively.
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method and device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight are provided, use the topological optimization technology in finite element software to carry out the automatic calculating of balancing weight shape, size and installation site, and in software, simulate capable of satisfying dynamic equilibrium and can manufacture actual balancing weight physical dimension and the shape of requirement, its essence is foundation and the reference as dynamic balance calibration of virtual emulation result by balancing weight, to reduce labour intensity, improve the efficiency of counterweight dynamic balance calibrating method.Concrete technology path is as follows:
1, complete chuck to the installation of eccentric work piece after, first processing site is measured the eccentric position of chuck and workpiece by conventional instrument (as clock gauge etc.), only need measure the direction of centre-of gravity shift, at chuck periphery mark for chuck.And by adjusting, make as far as possible the center of gravity phase coincidence of chuck and workpiece, can allow certain error (the vertical line angle 15 of the two center of gravity and axis of rotation spend in).
2, in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software, draw respectively the three-dimensional model of the two according to chuck and workpiece geometries; and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece; wherein chuck three-dimensional model wants approximate reverse to mirror main abrading section (as jaw slipping plane etc.) abrasion condition, to can embody more truly its centre of gravity place.
3, according to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model.
As shown in Figure 1, establishing main shaft gyration speed is
, chuck quality m
1, center of gravity is r to the distance (radius vector) of the centre of gyration
1, the centrifugal intertia force of generation is
excentric shaft workpiece quality m
3, center of gravity is r to the distance (radius vector) of the centre of gyration
3, the centrifugal intertia force of generation is
because two inertial force phase places are no more than 15 degree, inertial force is projected on the median surface and vertical plane thereof of the two angle, both ratio differs greatly, therefore the centrifugal force component that projects to the two angle median surface vertical direction is less on aequum impact, so just the transient equilibrium of two-sided correction can be converted into the static equilibrium problem of one side.If the balance mass m of balance basis surface
2, its center of gravity is r to the distance (radius vector) of the centre of gyration
2, the centrifugal intertia force of generation is
if chuck center of gravity radius vector becomes 15 degree with excentric shaft center of gravity radius vector, the median surface angle of excentric shaft centrifugal intertia force and projection is α, the median surface angle of chuck centrifugal intertia force and projection is 15 °-α, α is between 0 to 15 degree, balance inertial force and its projecting plane angle are β, can be similar to think the following relation that exists:
Above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium problems will solve L
1, m
2, r
2, α and five unknown quantitys of β, therefore first need according to the above formula position (L of latter two equation estimation balance basis surface
1), the position of also treating Topological optimization model split (center of gravity place face), then passes through centre of gravity place, volume and the shape of the automatic calculated equilibrium piece of topological optimization, and realizes the reasonable layout of overall center of gravity.In order to improve the solving precision of balance correction, another projection components of centrifugal intertia force also should meet following relation in theory:
Because being solves dynamic equilibrium problems with one side, unknown quantity α and β not necessarily have solution, but topological optimization can, by meeting of retraining, be determined corresponding α and β, the error of (2) formula is controlled in less scope, thereby meets the solving precision of overall center of gravity constraint.
4, the material properties of three solid models of definition, in order to set up strain energy majorized function, must apply Virtual Load, and divide the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set;
5, the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, and volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block; Submission process, output topological optimization result, this result is shape and the installation site of theoretic balancing weight.
6, according to topological optimization result; determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck; and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle; balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly; according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met; continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands.
7, output balancing weight, processes according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and installs according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
Than the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, efficiently, automatic computation process accurately.By modeling and the assembling of Abaqus finite element software, reflect truly the installation site of chuck and workpiece, based on the topological optimization technology under overall center of gravity constraint, automatically deleting of Topological optimization model treated in realization, be met balancing weight shape and the position of overall center of gravity constraint condition, whole calculating iteration and design cycle process are all completed by ATOM in Abaqus, calculate accurately, efficiently, only need people for carrying out simple modeling and parameter setting, reduced artificial calculating and the on-the-spot workload of adjusting.
2, the cooperative control method of balancing weight shape, position and weight.In other counterweight dynamic balance calibrating methods, shape, size and the weight of balancing weight is fixed or standardization, balance correction is mainly realized by the rational position of seeking balancing weight, and in most cases need different size balancing weight to combine repeatedly to adjust, sometimes even cannot obtain balance scheme accurately.Method in this patent, is to realize transient equilibrium by shape, position and the weight synergy of material reserve area after topological optimization, and weight can be controlled by volume constraint, and shape have larger can repair leeway, Collaborative Control successful.
3, stable dynamic accuracy.Because topological optimization is that the overall center of gravity constraint that chuck, counterbalance weight and workpiece are formed is controlled, therefore when to workpiece non-eccentricity position (as the shaft part of processing turning and axis of rotation conllinear when excentric shaft) turning, after workpiece volume dynamically changes, and overall center of gravity only moves among a small circle on axis of rotation, all the time can not depart from axis of rotation, keep higher dynamic balance accuracy.
4, the simplification of complicated transient equilibrium solution procedure.This patent has been considered the complicated transient equilibrium situation of chuck bias and workpiece bias simultaneously, calculate and solution procedure in order to simplify, chuck and workpiece center of gravity are controlled to the angle of axis of rotation vertical line, and maximum angle allows to change in 15 degree, to facilitate artificial adjustment; Angle is controlled in less scope, two component ratios of centrifugal intertia force are very large, can weaken compared with the impact of small component value, so the two-sided dynamic balance calibration problem of complexity can be converted into the Solve problems of one side, reduce calculated amount, also make complicated two-sided dynamic balance calibration problem simplify, and computational accuracy can be controlled in allowed limits.
5, applicability is strong.This patent only with lathe chuck processing excentric shaft as an example, but use the topological optimization technology of overall center of gravity constraint to carry out other solid of revolution that counterweight dynamic balance calibration can be used for having similar condition of work and requirement equally, as the static and dynamic equilibrium problem of rotor and wheel, applicability is stronger.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the position relationship schematic diagram of instructions partial equilibrium basal plane of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of steps of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is chuck three-dimensional model diagram in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is excentric shaft three-dimensional model diagram in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the wiring layout of chuck and excentric shaft in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Fig. 6 treats Topological optimization model schematic diagram in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the wiring layout of Topological optimization model in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention, chuck and excentric shaft;
Fig. 8 is that in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention, grid is divided schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the topological optimization result schematic diagram under overall center of gravity constraint in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Figure 10 is overall barycentric coordinates value before topological optimization in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Figure 11 is overall barycentric coordinates value after topological optimization in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Figure 12 is balancing weight shape and the position view simulating in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the coordinate figure of overall center of gravity after matching in the embodiment of the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the device embodiment of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
A method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, as shown in Figure 2, comprises the following steps
S1, the assembling model of multiple parts is carried out to overall center of gravity constraint;
Described step S1 comprises following concrete steps:
S10, in 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software, draw respectively the two three-dimensional model according to chuck and workpiece geometries, and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck three-dimensional model approximate reverse mirrors main abrading section abrasion condition;
In step S10, more specifically, as processed excentric shaft as example taking certain model lathe chuck.
First in Abaqus6.11, carry out three-dimensional modeling according to the true form of chuck and workpiece and size, as shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 4.Due to the claw symmetry of four-jaw chuck, quality is much smaller than chuck, thus negligible when modeling, replace true model can not affect final calculation result with the simplified model of chuck.Chuck cylindrical 900mm, inner circle 120mm, thickness 150mm; Two eccentric axis of excentric shaft are apart from 17.65mm, large shaft section diameter 275.3mm, long 200mm, little shaft section diameter 240mm, long 150mm.Assemble (the vertical line angle of supposing the two center of gravity and axis of rotation is controlled in 15 degree) according to chuck and excentric shaft actual installation position, as shown in Figure 5.
S11, according to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model;
In step S11, the position of estimation balance basis surface, is also the position of counterbalance weight center of gravity place face.Estimate according to formula (1), the large shaft part quality of excentric shaft is 92.8kg, and center of gravity is to the radius vector 17.65mm of axis of rotation, and weight and radius vector product are 1637.92kg.mm, apart from the distance 275mm of chuck split, it is the simplest on chuck that balancing weight weight is directly contained in, the economic mode with being convenient to adjust, therefore radius vector can tentatively be elected 250～450mm as according to the size of chuck, balancing weight weight can tentatively be elected 5～9kg as, according to the balance equation of the centrifugal intertia force square of formula (1), the distance of estimation balancing weight centroidal distance chuck split is between 360.34～111.22mm, act on the moment of flexure on main shaft bearing in order to reduce overall center of gravity, make as far as possible this distance get smaller value, tentatively be decided to be 125mm, if cannot meet constraint during topological optimization solves, to again choose.The thickness half of chuck is 75mm, therefore treats that the thickness of Topological optimization model can be defined as 100mm, sets up and treats that Topological optimization model as shown in Figure 6.To treat that Topological optimization model and chuck and excentric shaft are assembled together, as shown in Figure 7.
The material properties of S12, three solid models of definition, applies Virtual Load, and divides the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set, and sets up strain energy majorized function;
In step S12, the material properties of definition part, mainly refers to density of material, elastic modulus, cross section attribute etc., and wherein chuck is cast iron, treats that Topological optimization model (counterbalance weight) material and excentric shaft material are 45 steel.And treating that Topological optimization model applies an imaginary load, is equivalent to counterbalance weight to be fixed on the clamping force on chuck.Grid division as shown in Figure 8, and defined analysis step.
S13, the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, and volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block; Submission process, output topological optimization result.
In step S13, essence of the present invention is to realize topological optimization by the control of overall center of gravity, therefore the whole assembling model in Fig. 7 need be selected in topological optimization region, but will get rid of chuck and excentric shaft by geometrical constraint, makes to treat that Topological optimization model becomes unique material and rejects region.Topological optimization task is set, majorized function is strain energy minimum, volume constraint be less than initial volume 80% (if wish that balancing weight is lighter, can in topological optimization allowed band, this value be arranged littlely), entirety center of gravity constraint x and y coordinate ± 0.01mm, z coordinate is less than 160mm, and topological optimization cycle index 10 times or end condition are set.Submission process, after design cycle finishes, the topological optimization result obtaining as shown in Figure 9.Can find out from output file, before topological optimization, three coordinates of overall center of gravity are respectively 0.70449mm, 1.25239mm, 113.884mm, as shown in figure 10; After topological optimization, three coordinates of overall center of gravity are respectively 0.000792551mm ,-0.000794464mm and 113.935mm, as shown in figure 11.
S2, support Abaqus finite element software, treat the material of Topological optimization model and delete by topological optimization technology, obtain shape and the installation site of balancing weight in dynamic balance calibration.
Step S2 comprises following concrete steps:
S20, according to topological optimization result, determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck, and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle, balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly, according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met, continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands;
In step S20, due to the out-of-shape after topological optimization, do not meet manufacturability principle, therefore on the basis of this shape, carry out matching, the principle of matching is not change original position, discontented lumping weight heart requirement after matching replaces original curve with simple straight line and circular arc as far as possible, if will re-start matching.Through after curve several times, obtain the shape of balancing weight and position as shown in figure 12, three be respectively-0.0367mm of coordinate figure ,-0.0459053mm of the overall center of gravity obtaining according to the shape of this balancing weight and position and 108.163mm, as shown in figure 13, although x and y coordinate precision value decrease after compared with topological optimization, but still can meet the demands, and z coordinate is less than original 113mm, has obtained certain improvement.From fit procedure, if seek higher coordinate precision, further matching, has larger matching space and precision control leeway.
S21, output balancing weight, process according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and install according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
In step S21, by the model output after matching, carry out balancing weight processing and installation according to the size on output pattern, transient equilibrium can realize chuck turning eccentric shaft through simple debugging at the scene time, and in the time of the little shaft part of turning eccentric shaft, due to little shaft part axis of rotation and main shaft gyration dead in line, therefore in turning process, x and the y coordinate of entirety center of gravity can not change, and z coordinate even can diminish, and therefore this counterbalance weight ballasting method can keep certain dynamic accuracy.
The correction result that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained is carried out compliance test result, and detailed process is as follows:
According to international standard ISO1940, should reach G6.3 for lathe chuck dynamic balance accuracy grade, the degree of unbalancedness allowable of lathe chuck and excentric shaft entirety is:
Lathe is generally no more than 900r/min at the maximum speed n of similar routine excentric shaft workpiece of processing, can calculate to such an extent that degree of unbalancedness allowable is 66.879 μ m.
Allowable amount of unbalance corresponding to the eper upper limit of high workload rotating speed is:
Uper＝eper.m
1 (4)
Wherein m1 is chuck and excentric shaft overall weight, is 740.31kg in this example, can calculate to such an extent that Uper is 49511.19kg. μ m.The radius vector that can obtain after dynamic balance calibration according to the coordinate figure of overall center of gravity after matching in this example is 58.77 μ m, is 10.6kg through the balancing weight weight of matching, and the overall amount of unbalance that therefore can obtain after dynamic balance calibration is:
750.91×58.77＝44130.98kg.μm<49511.19kg.μm
Therefore according to the shape of balancing weight after matching with position processes and layout, completely can capable of satisfying dynamic equilibrium accuracy requirement.
The present invention further provides a kind of device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, as shown in figure 14, having comprised:
Center of gravity constraints module 1, for carrying out overall center of gravity constraint to the assembling model of multiple parts (comprise chuck, workpiece and treat Topological optimization model etc.);
And dynamic balance calibration module 2, for relying on Abaqus finite element software, treat the material of Topological optimization model by topological optimization technology and delete, obtain shape and the installation site of balancing weight in dynamic balance calibration; Wherein, described center of gravity constraints module 1 is connected with dynamic balance calibration module 2.
In embodiments of the present invention, more specifically, described center of gravity constraints module 1 comprises:
Wear Simulation module 11, for draw respectively the three-dimensional model of the two at 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries, and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck three-dimensional model approximate reverse mirrors main abrading section abrasion condition;
Treat topological optimization module 12, be used for according to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model;
Strain energy is optimized module 13, for defining the material properties of three solid models, applies Virtual Load, and divides the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set, and sets up strain energy majorized function;
Topological optimization module 14, for the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block, submission process, output topological optimization result; Wherein,
Described wear Simulation module 11, treat that topological optimization module 12, strain energy optimize module 13, topological optimization module 14 and dynamic balance calibration module 2 and connect successively.
More specifically, described dynamic balance calibration module 2 comprises:
Balancing weight shape correcting module 21, be used for according to topological optimization result, determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck, and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle, the balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly, according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met, continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands;
Transient equilibrium inspection correction module 22, for exporting balancing weight, processes according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and installs according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance; Wherein,
Described topological optimization module 14, balancing weight shape correcting module 21 and transient equilibrium inspection correction module 22 connect successively.
In embodiments of the present invention, the device of described lathe chuck dynamic balance weight is corresponding with the method for the lathe chuck dynamic balance weight in above-described embodiment, and the principle in said method and beneficial effect are explained the device of the present embodiment equally, do not repeat them here.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
S1, the assembling model of multiple parts is carried out to overall center of gravity constraint;
S2, support Abaqus finite element software, treat the material of Topological optimization model and delete by topological optimization technology, obtain shape and the installation site of balancing weight in dynamic balance calibration.
2. the method for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S1 comprises following concrete steps:
In 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software, draw respectively the three-dimensional model of the two according to chuck and workpiece geometries, and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck three-dimensional model approximate reverse mirrors main abrading section abrasion condition;
According to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model;
The material properties of three solid models of definition, applies Virtual Load, and divides the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set, and sets up strain energy majorized function;
The parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, and wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, and volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block; Submission process, output topological optimization result.
3. lathe chuck dynamic balance weight method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described step S2 comprises following concrete steps:
According to topological optimization result, determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck, and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle, balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly, according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met, continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands;
Output balancing weight, processes according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and installs according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance.
4. a device for lathe chuck dynamic balance weight, is characterized in that, comprising:
Center of gravity constraints module, for carrying out overall center of gravity constraint to the assembling model of multiple parts;
And dynamic balance calibration module, for relying on Abaqus finite element software, treat the material of Topological optimization model by topological optimization technology and delete, obtain shape and the installation site of balancing weight in dynamic balance calibration; Wherein, described center of gravity constraints module is connected with dynamic balance calibration module.
5. the device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described center of gravity constraints module comprises:
Wear Simulation module, for draw respectively the three-dimensional model of the two at 3 d geometric modeling or finite element software according to chuck and workpiece geometries, and assemble according to the actual installation position of chuck and workpiece, chuck three-dimensional model approximate reverse mirrors main abrading section abrasion condition;
Treat topological optimization module, be used for according to the barycentric coordinates of chuck and workpiece, the position of primary Calculation balance basis surface, according to balance basis surface region, Topological optimization model is treated in foundation, and together with it is placed in the assembling model of chuck and workpiece, wherein balance basis surface is perpendicular to axis of rotation and for treating the split of Topological optimization model;
Strain energy is optimized module, for defining the material properties of three solid models, applies Virtual Load, and divides the grid of three solid models, and analysis step is set, and sets up strain energy majorized function;
Topological optimization module, for the parameters such as topological optimization region, task, objective function, constraint are set, wherein center of gravity constraint ensures the position of overall center of gravity, volume constraint is controlled the weight of configuration block, submission process, output topological optimization result; Wherein,
Described wear Simulation module, treat that topological optimization module, strain energy optimize module, topological optimization module and dynamic balance calibration module and connect successively.
6. the device of lathe chuck dynamic balance weight as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described dynamic balance calibration module comprises:
Balancing weight shape correcting module, be used for according to topological optimization result, determine and record the position of balancing weight with respect to chuck, and on three-dimensional modeling or finite element software, carry out the matching of balancing weight shape according to manufacturability principle, the balancing weight after matching and chuck and workpiece are formed to new assembly, according to the setting of topological optimization and calculation procedure, check the situation that meets of overall center of gravity, if do not met, continue balancing weight shape to revise, until meet the demands;
Transient equilibrium inspection correction module, for exporting balancing weight, processes according to the shape and size of balancing weight after matching, and installs according to the position of record, checks and realize the correction of spot dynamic balance; Wherein,
Described topological optimization module, balancing weight shape correcting module and transient equilibrium inspection correction module connect successively.
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